Refimprove date July 2007 SynchronousOpticalNetworking SONET and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SDH are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber ... redundancy check CRC . In synchronousopticalnetworking, this is modified slightly ... Hierarchy SynchronousOpticalNetworking. Journal of Computer Science 4.12 2008 1003 011. Print. ref ... Networks Based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SDH Category Synchronousopticalnetworking Category ... SynchronousOptical Network es SONET fa fr SynchronousOptical Network it SONET he Synchronousopticalnetworking nl SONET ja SynchronousOptical Network pl Synchroniczna sie optyczna ... 1 Synchronous Transport Signal 1 or Optical Carrier transmission rates OC 1 OC 1 , operating at 51.84 ... 04 07 title SynchronousOptical Network SONET work Web ProForums publisher International Engineering ... Multiwavelength opticalnetworkingOptical mesh network Optical Transport Network G.709 Notes Reflist ... site cgi ido docs.cgi?ID SEARCH&DOCUMENT GR 253& GR 253 CORE , SynchronousOptical Network SONET ... ref ref name ANSI T1.105 Citation title ANSI T1.105.07 1996 R2005 , SynchronousOptical Network SONET ... such as Optical Carrier OC 3 OC 3c into which ATM cells, IP packets, or Ethernet frames are placed ... over SONET SDH POS networking. Therefore, it is inaccurate to think of SDH or SONET as communications ... unit of framing in SDH is a STM 1 Synchronous Transport Module, level 1 , which operates at 155.520 Mbit s megabits per second Mbit s . SONET refers to this basic unit as an STS 3c Synchronous Transport Signal 3, concatenated or Optical Carrier transmission rates OC 3 OC 3c , depending on whether ..., though the OC designation refers to the signal in its optical form. It is therefore incorrect ... contains pointers. The STM 1 Synchronous Transport Module, level 1 frame is the basic transmission format for SDH the first level of the synchronous digital hierarchy. The STM 1 frame is transmitted ... more details
Opticalnetworking can refer to Optical communication Fiber optic communication SynchronousopticalnetworkingOptical Transport Network OTN Passive optical network disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Multiwavelength opticalnetworking MONET , is a method for communicating digital information using laser s over optical fiber . The method provides the next level of communication networks after SONET optical networks. MONET optical networks provide an even greater Bandwidth computing bandwidth capacity. This new method employs Wave division multiplexing WDM technology for transporting large amounts of telephone and data traffic and allow for interoperability between equipment from different vendors. First developed by the secretive National Security Agency as author James Bamford points out in his book, Body of Secrets Anatomy of the Ultra Secret National Security Agency . It was also discussed at the 1996 Military Communications Conference. References http www.bell labs.com project MONET Multiwavelength OpticalNetworking Consortium http www.amazon.com dp 020130967X Multiwavelength Optical Networks A layered Approach by Thomas E. Stern and Krishna Bala http www.amazon.com dp 0385499086 Body of Secrets Anatomy of the Ultra Secret National Security Agency by James Bamford http ieeexplore.ieee.org xpl freeabs all.jsp?tp &arnumber 568597&isnumber 12345 Military Communications Conference, 1996 Category Synchronousopticalnetworking Category Fiber optic communications Category Network protocols ... more details
Multiple issues weasel January 2010 COI January 2010 Infobox company company name ADVA AG OpticalNetworking ... 2010 accessdate 13 March 2011 publisher ADVA OpticalNetworking ref operating income 9.3 million small ... num employees 1,200 small end 2010 small ref name AR2010 intl yes ADVA OpticalNetworking is a telecommunications ... and video services. ADVA OpticalNetworking has a global workforce of over 1,000 employees and its ... history 1994 ADVA OpticalNetworking was founded by Brian Protiva, in Martinsried Munich, Germany. Funded ... bandwidth network connectivity. 1995 ADVA OpticalNetworking launches its first product the Escon Multiplexer. This product was used by Westf lische Landesbank. 1996 ADVA OpticalNetworking adds sales offices in mainland Europe and one in New Jersey, USA. 1997 ADVA OpticalNetworking sells media converters to its first carrier customer COLT Telecom Group . 1998 ADVA OpticalNetworking launches its second product generation the Optical Channel Multiplexer OCM . 1999 ADVA OpticalNetworking ... Networking launches its fourth generation of products the FSP 3000 and the FSP 500. 2000 ADVA Optical ... Ltd. and Siemens Norway Telecom R&D Division. 2001 ADVA OpticalNetworking opens an R&D, production and administration facility in Meiningen 2001 2003 ADVA OpticalNetworking builds market share in North America and Asia, signing OEM agreements with Fujitsu and Hitachi Ltd . 2003 ADVA OpticalNetworking ... SDH access solution 2004 ADVA OpticalNetworking acquires Metro Packet Systems, Inc. 2004 ADVA OpticalNetworking launches its first FSP 150 Ethernet access product. 2006 ADVA OpticalNetworking acquires Covaro Networks, Inc. and Movaz Networks, Inc. 2008 ADVA OpticalNetworking achieves annual revenue of EUR 217.7 million. 2009 ADVA OpticalNetworking achieves annual revenue of EUR 232.8 million. 2010 ADVA OpticalNetworking achieves annual revenue of EUR 291.7 million. Chief officers CEO ... aligned, high quality services across networks. Markets ADVA OpticalNetworking focuses on two network ... more details
G.8262 Y.1362 is an ITU T recommendation for Synchronous Ethernet that defines timing characteristics of synchronous Ethernet equipment slave clock EEC . ref name g8262 cite web title G.8262 Timing characteristics of a synchronous Ethernet equipment slave clock date July 2010 publisher International Telecommunication Union url http www.itu.int rec T REC G.8262 ref It was first published in August 2007, amended in 2008 and 2010, and a new version published in 2010. ref name g8262 Unlike time division multiplexing TDM networks, the Ethernet family of computer network s do not carry clock synchronization information. Several means are defined to address this issue. IETF s Network Time Protocol , Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 are some of them. Carrier Ethernet services prefer synchronized clocks to fit into traditional synchronousopticalnetworking systems, known as the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SDH . ref cite news title An introduction to Synchronized Ethernet author Slobodan Milijevic date March 3, 2009 publisher EE Times url http www.eetimes.com design embedded 4008244 An introduction to Synchronized Ethernet accessdate July 9, 2011 ref References Reflist Ethernet Compu network stub Category Ethernet Category Network protocols Category Synchronization Category ITU T recommendations G.8262 Category Timecodes ... more details
unreferenced date November 2011 notability date November 2011 Infobox video game title NetworKing collapsible state show image image Image NetworKing.png 128px NetworKing icon caption developer NASA publisher NASA distributor NASA series engine Unity game engine Unity version platforms Mac OS X , Microsoft Windows , web browser with Unity game engine Unity plug in released Video game release 2011 genre satellite simulation modes single player ratings media downloadable requirements NetworKing is an educational simulation computer game by NASA for Mac OS X , Microsoft Windows and web browsers with the Unity plug in released in 2011. In NetworKing the player assumes the role of a satellite manager responsible for growing the communications network. External links http www.nasa.gov multimedia 3d resources scan.html NetworKing Homepage http www.nasa.gov multimedia 3d resources scan manual.html Manual Unity engine games improve categories date November 2011 Category Mac OS X games Category Windows games Category 2011 video games Category Educational video games Category Simulation video games Category NASA Category Unity engine games Simulation videogame stub NASA stub ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2010 Synchronous Idle SYN is the ASCII control character 22 0x16 , represented as tt V tt in caret notation . Synchronous Idle is used in some synchronous serial communication systems such as Teletype Corporation Teletype machines or the bisync protocol to provide a signal from which synchronous correction may be achieved between data terminal equipment, particularly when no other character is being transmitted. The SYN character has the bit pattern 00010110, which has the property that it is distinct from any bit wise rotation of itself. This helps bit alignment of sequences of synchronous idles. See also Syncword C0 and C1 control codes ASCII DEFAULTSORT Synchronous Idle Category Control characters Compu stub ... more details
In telecommunication s, a synchronous network is a telecommunications network network in which clocks are controlled to run, ideally, at identical rates, or at the same mean rate with a fixed relative phase waves phase displacement, within a specified limited range. Ideally, the clocks are Synchronization synchronous , but they may be mesochronous in practice. By common usage, such mesochronous networks are frequently described as synchronous . References FS1037C MS188 Category Telecommunications terms telecomm term stub ... more details
A synchronous orbit is an orbit in which an orbiting body usually a satellite has a period equal to the average rotational period of the body being orbited usually a planet , and in the same direction of rotation as that body. Properties A satellite in a synchronous orbit that is both equator ial and circle circular will appear to be suspended motionless above a point on the orbited planet s equator. For synchronous satellites orbiting Earth , this is also known as a geostationary orbit . However, a synchronous orbit need not be equatorial nor circular. A body in a non equatorial synchronous orbit will appear to oscillate north and south above a point on the planet s equator, while a body in an ellipse elliptical orbit will appear to oscillate eastward and westward. As seen from the orbited body the combination of these two motions produces a figure 8 pattern called an analemma . Nomenclature Like many orbital terms synchronous orbits take on special names depending on the body being orbited. The following are some of the more common names. A synchronous orbit about the Earth that is circular and lies in the equatorial plane is called a geostationary orbit . The more general case, when ... . The corresponding terms for synchronous orbits around the planet Mars are Areostationary orbit areostationary ... s moon Charon moon Charon . cn date November 2011 Much more commonly, synchronous orbits are employed ... satellites, which can attain a synchronous orbit only by tidal locking tidally locking their parent body, it always goes in hand with synchronous rotation of the satellite. This is because the smaller body becomes tidally locked faster, and by the time a synchronous orbit is achieved, it has had a locked synchronous rotation for a long time already. cn date November 2011 See also Subsynchronous orbit Supersynchronous orbit Supersynchronous or Graveyard orbit Synchronous rotation Sun synchronous ... Orbit sinkron it Orbita sincrona ja no Synkron bane ru simple Synchronous orbit ... more details
refimprove date March 2012 File Synchronous motor generator set for AC to DC conversion Rankin Kennedy, Electrical Installations, Vol II, 1909 .jpg thumb A synchronous motor generator set for Alternating current AC to Direct current DC conversion. A synchronous electric motor is an AC motor in which ... current the rotation period is exactly equal to an integral number of AC cycles. Synchronous motors ... slip slip under usual operating conditions, and as a result produces torque at synchronous speed . Synchronous ... . The angular speed speed of the synchronous motor is determined by the number of magnetic poles and the line frequency . Synchronous motors are available in sub fractional self excited sizes to high horsepower direct current excited industrial sizes. In the fractional horsepower range, most synchronous ..., the synchronous motor provides two important functions. First, it is a highly efficient means of converting ... power factor correction. Type There are two major types of synchronous motors non excited and direct ... wound rotor doubly fed electric machine is the third type of synchronous motor with all the theoretical qualities of the synchronous motor and the wound rotor doubly fed motor combined, such as power ... of solid steel. At synchronous speed it rotates in step with the rotating magnetic field of the stator ... books?id Irj9w5IE31AC&pg PA72&dq shaded pole synchronous motor&hl en&sa X&ei z9zyTuCVEuPMiQKgyKylDg ... at synchronous speed the rotor is locked to the rotating stator field. This cannot start the motor, so ... torque below synchronous speed. The machine starts as an induction motor until it approaches synchronous ... tries to catch up with the stator field. As long as the rotor is below synchronous speed, each particle ... bar structure in the rotor. ref name Gottlieb As the rotor approaches synchronous speed and slip ... of speed, it develops constant torque from startup to synchronous speed. Therefore it is self ... magnetic field. At synchronous speed these poles lock to the rotating magnetic field. They are not self ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Synchronous learning refers to a group of people learning the same things at the same time in the same place. This is the type of pedagogy practiced in most schools and undergraduate programs, but not in Graduate school graduate programs. Lecture is an example of synchronous learning in a face to face environment and with the advent of web conferencing tools, people can learn at the same time in different places as well. For example, use of instant messaging or live chat, webinars and video conferencing allow for students and teachers to collaborate and learn in real time. See also E learning Blended learning Asynchronous learning Resources Citation url http technologysource.org article distance learning and synchronous interaction last Foreman first Joel contribution Distance Learning and Synchronous Interaction title The Technology Source Archives publisher University of Carolina month July August year 2003 . Citation url http www.educause.edu EDUCAUSE Quarterly EDUCAUSEQuarterlyMagazineVolum AsynchronousandSynchronousELea 163445 title Asynchronous and Synchronous E Learning journal EDUCAUSE Quarterly . Citation url http net.educause.edu ir library pdf EQM0848.pdf format PDF title Asynchronous and Synchronous E Learning journal EDUCAUSE Quarterly volume 31 number 4 year 2008 . Citation url http www.ncolr.org jiol issues PDF 6.3.6.pdf format PDF last1 Park first1 Yun Jeong last2 Bonk first2 Curtis J title 245 Synchronous Learning Experiences Distance and Residential... volume 6 number 3 date Winter 2007 journal Jiol publisher NCOLR . Category Education theory DEFAULTSORT Synchronous Learning Edu stub ... more details
File Synchronous condenser.jpg thumb right A synchronous condenser at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory In electrical engineering , a synchronous condenser sometimes synchronous capacitor or synchronous compensator is a device identical to a synchronous motor , whose shaft is not connected to anything ... of synchronous condensers are sometimes used in association with high voltage direct current converter ... a synchronous condenser can be continuously adjusted. In addition, reactive power from a capacitor bank decreases with voltage decrease, while a synchronous condenser can increase current as voltage decreases. However, it does have higher losses than a static capacitor bank. ref name Weedy72 Most synchronous ... cooled. Theory File V Kurve Synchronmaschine.svg thumb right V curves for a synchronous machine. A synchronous condesnsor operates at nearly zero real power.As the machine passes from underexcited to overexcited, its stator current passes through a minimum. As the load on a synchronous motor ... power factor. Application An over excited synchronous motor has a leading power factor. This makes ... power creates losses in the power system. In an industrial plant, synchronous motors can be used ... and reduces supply current. A synchronous condenser provides step less automatic power factor correction ... and is not affected by system electrical harmonic s some harmonics can even be absorbed by synchronous ... support during short power outages. The use of rotating synchronous condensers was common through ... failures. Synchronous condensers are also very good for supporting voltage. The reactive power ... a synchronous condenser s reactive power declines less rapidly, and can be adjusted to compensate ... power systems. Synchronous condensers may also be referred to as Dynamic Power Factor Correction ... amount of reactive power. On an electric power system, synchronous condensors can be used to control ... Reflist External links http www.pserc.org ecow get generalinf presentati presentati heydt synchronous ... more details
unreferenced date May 2011 merge tidal locking date November 2011 Image Synchronous rotation.svg thumb Due to synchronous rotation of their moon, the inhabitants of the central body will never be able to see its side marked with green. In astronomy , synchronous rotation is a planetology planetological term describing a body orbit ing another, where the orbiting body takes as long to rotate on its axis of rotation axis as it does to make one orbit and therefore always keeps the same hemisphere pointed at the body it is orbiting. Another way of describing it is that from the surface of the satellite, the main planet appears to be locked in place in the sky as it slowly rotates. The Moon is in synchronous rotation about the Earth , and Iapetus moon Iapetus is in synchronous rotation about Saturn . See also Tidal locking Tidal acceleration Rotation Synchronous orbit Orbital resonance Category Planetary science astronomy stub af Sinkroniese omwenteling als Gebundene Rotation ar bg ca Rotaci s ncrona cs V zan rotace da Bunden rotation de Gebundene Rotation es Rotaci n s ncrona eo Ligita rotacio fr Rotation synchrone ko hr Sinkrona rotacija it Rotazione sincrona he nl Synchronisatiehoogte ja no Bundet rotasjon nn Bunden rotasjon nds Bunnen Rotatschoon pl Obr t synchroniczny pt Rota o sincronizada ru sk Viazan rot cia sl So asno vrtenje sv Bunden rotation vi Qu o quay ng b zh ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 A synchronous circuit is a digital circuit in which the parts are synchronized by a clock signal . In an ideal synchronous circuit, every change in the logical levels of its storage components is simultaneous. These transitions follow the level change of a special signal called the clock . Ideally, the input to each storage element has reached its final value before the next clock occurs, so the behaviour of the whole circuit can be predicted exactly. Practically, some delay is required for each logical operation, resulting in a maximum speed at which each synchronous system can run. To make these circuits work correctly, a great deal of care is needed in the design of the Clock Distribution Networks . Static timing analysis is often used to determine the maximum safe operating speed. See also Asynchronous circuit Moore machine Mealy machine Finite state machine DEFAULTSORT Synchronous Circuit Category Electrical circuits Category Clock signal Electronics stub fr Circuit synchrone ko ja fi Synkroninen piiri zh ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2011 Nn date December 2011 reason thisis no more than an alternative name for chat Merge Internet chat date December 2011 Synchronous conferencing is the formal term used in computing , in particular in computer mediated communication , Computer supported collaboration collaboration and Web based training learning , to describe technologies informally known as online chat . It is sometimes extended to include video conferencing audio video conferencing or instant messaging systems that provide a text based multi user chat function. The word synchronous is used to qualify the conferencing as real time , as distinct from a system such as e mail , where messages are left and answered later. Synchronous conferencing protocols include Internet Relay Chat IRC Internet Relay Chat PSYC Protocol for Synchronous Conferencing SILC protocol SILC Secure Internet Live Conferencing protocol Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol XMPP Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol See also Collaborative software Groupware MUD s Multi User Dungeons References Unreferenced date June 2008 references Computer mediated communication Category Online chat Category Teleconferencing Category Educational technology Category Groupware sv Synkron kommunikation ... more details
In general relativity , a synchronous reference system is a coordinate system in which the metric tensor metric takes the form math ds 2 dt 2 h ab dx adx b math , where the Latin indices a and b are summed over the spatial directions and math h ab math is a spatial metric. Any metric can locally be put into this form by a coordinate transformation. This Coordinate conditions coordinate condition is called synchronous because the t coordinate defines proper time for all comoving observers. However, it is not uniquely defined, and therefore is not a gauge theory gauge , as the spacelike hypersurface at math t 0 math can be chosen arbitrarily. Another problem with the reference system is that caustic optics caustic s can occur which cause the gauge choice to break down. These problems have caused some difficulties doing cosmological perturbation theory in this system, however the problems are now well understood. Synchronous coordinates are generally considered the most efficient reference system for doing calculations, and are used in many modern cosmology codes, such as CMBFAST . They are also useful for solving theoretical problems in which a spacelike hypersurface needs to be fixed, as with spacelike gravitational singularity singularities . See also Normal coordinates . References cite book author Carroll, Sean M. title Spacetime and Geometry An Introduction to General Relativity location San Francisco publisher Addison Wesley year 2004 isbn 0 8053 8732 3 . See section 7.2 . cite journal title Cosmological perturbation theory in the synchronous and conformal Newtonian gauges author C. P. Ma and E. Bertschinger journal Astrophysics J. volume 455 pages 7&ndash 25 year 1995 doi 10.1086 176550 bibcode 1995ApJ...455....7M arxiv astro ph 9506072 cite book author Lev Landau Landau, L.D. and Evgeny Lifshitz Lifshitz, E.M. title The Classial Theory of Fields location England publishes Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann year 1972 isbn 0 7506 2768 9 publisher Butterworth Heinemann ... more details
Source Synchronous clocking refers to the technique of sourcing a clock along with the data. Specifically, the timing of unidirectional data signals is referenced to a clock often called the strobe sourced by the same device that generates those signals, and not to a global clock i.e. generated by a bus master . This type of clocking is common in high speed interfaces between micro chips, including DDR SDRAM , SGI XIO interface, Intel Front Side Bus for the x86 and Itanium processors, HyperTransport , SPI 4.2 and many others. Reasons for usage A reason that source synchronous clocking is useful is that it has been observed that all of the circuits within a given semiconductor device experience roughly the same process voltage temperature PVT variation. This means signal propagation delay experienced by the data through a device tracks the delay experienced by the clock through that same device over PVT. This advantage allows higher speed operation as compared to the traditional technique of providing the clock from a third device to both the transmitter and the receiver. Another benefit is that higher complexity data recovery or clock data recovery circuits such as PLL s are not required when this technique is used. Or rather than higher clock speeds, large systems that take advantage of source synchronous clocking can have the benefit of a higher tolerance of PVT variation of its individual components. Drawbacks One drawback of using source synchronous clocking is the creation of a separate clock domain at the receiving device, namely the clock domain of the strobe generated by the transmitting device. This strobe clock domain is often not synchronous to the core clock domain of the receiving device. For proper operation of the received data with other data already present in the device, an additional stage of synchronization logic is required to transfer the received ... synchronous logic. This usually results in greater system complexity compared to globally clocked ... more details
Multiple issues original research April 2010 unreferenced April 2010 orphan March 2010 A synchronous or synchronized culture is a microbiological culture or a cell culture that contains cell biology cell s that are all in the same cell growth growth stage. Since numerous factors influence the cell cycle, some of them stochastic random , normal, non synchronous cultures have cells in all stages of the cell cycle . Obtaining a culture with a unified cell cycle stage is very useful for biological research. Since cells are too small for certain research techniques, a synchronous culture can be treated as a single cell the number of cells in the culture can be easily estimated, and quantitative experimental results can simply be divided in the number of cells to obtain values that apply to a single cell. Synchronous cultures have been extensively used to address questions regarding cell cycle and growth, and the effects of various factors on these. Synchronous cultures can be obtained in several ways External conditions can be changed, so as to arrest growth of all cells in the culture, and then changed again to resume growth. The newly growing cells are now all starting to grow at the same stage, and they are synchronized. For example, for photosynthesis photosynthetic cells light can be eliminated for several hours and then re introduced. Another method is to eliminate an essential nutrient from the growth medium and later to re introduce it. Cell growth can also be arrested using chemical growth inhibition growth inhibitors . After growth has completely stopped for all cells, the inhibitor can be easily removed from the culture and the cells then begin to grow synchronously. Nocodazole , for example, is often used in biological research for this purpose. Cells in different growth stages have different physical properties. Cells in a culture can thus be physically separated ... a synchronous culture. Category Microbiology techniques Category Molecular biology techniques Category ... more details
space point are, in general, different from one another. Synchronous frame As concluded from EquationNote ... the conditions NumBlk math g 00 1, quad g 0 alpha 0, , math EquationRef eq. 18 is called synchronous ... . , math EquationRef eq. 20 In synchronous frame time lines are geodesics in the 4 dimensional spacetime ..., these properties can be used to construct synchronous frame in any spacetime. To this end ... with a beginning at the hypersurface the result is a synchronous frame. Obviously, such a construct, and hence, choice of synchronous frame, is always possible. Moreover, such choice is not unique. Metric ... used for this geometric construct. An analytic transformation to synchronous frame can be done with the use ... more details
Networking cables are used to connect one network device to other or to connect two or more computers to share printer computing printer , Image scanner scanner etc. Different types of network cables like Coaxial cable , Optical fiber cable , Twisted Pair cables are used depending on the network s network topology topology , Network Protocols protocol and size. The devices can be separated by a few meters e.g. via Ethernet or nearly unlimited distances e.g. via the interconnections of the Internet . While Wireless network wireless may be the wave of the future, most computer networks today still utilize cables to transfer signals from one point to another. ref http www.networktutorials.info cabling.html Network Cables ref Twisted pair main Twisted pair Twisted pair cabling is a form of wiring in which two conductors the forward and return conductors of a single Electronic circuit circuit are twisted together for the purposes of canceling out electromagnetic interference EMI from external ... and Foiled. Optical fiber cable main Optical fiber cable An optical fiber cable is a cable containing one or more optical fiber s. The optical fiber elements are typically individually coated with plastic ... connection s. Patch cable main Patch cable A patch cable is an electric al or optical cable, used ... networking network adapters. Cross Cable is used to connect the same devices such as pc to pc, hub to hub, switch to switch etc Power lines Although power wires are not designed for networking ... modular connector Transmission line Structured cabling Light Peak Optical interconnect Parallel optical interface Interconnect bottleneck Optical communication Optical cable Green computing InfiniBand ... CXP connector Active Cables C Form factor Pluggable Fiber optic communication Optical link List of device ... 59thewonderfulworldofwire.pdf The wonderful world of wire DEFAULTSORT Networking Cables Category Cables Category Ethernet cables Category Signal cables Category Networking hardware cs S ov kabel da ... more details
Networking hardware or networking equipment typically refers to devices facilitating the use of a computer network . Typically, this includes Gateway telecommunications gateways , Router computing router s, network bridge s, network switch switches , ethernet hub hubs , and repeater s. Also, hybrid network devices such as multilayer switch es, protocol converter s and bridge router s. And, proxy server s, firewall networking firewall s and network address translator s. Also, multiplexer s, network interface controller s, wireless network interface controller s, modem s, ISDN terminal adapter s and line driver s. And, wireless access point s, networking cables and other related hardware. Computer networking devices are units that mediate data in a computer network. ref cite web url http www.wisegeek.com what are network devices.htm title What are Network Devices? publisher wiseGEEK accessdate 2012 03 21 ref ref cite web url http www.theitlibrary.com Network devices.html title Networking Devices publisher iT Library accessdate 2012 03 21 ref Computer networking devices are also called network ... of networking hardware today is copper based Ethernet Network interface card adapters , helped largely by its standard inclusion on most modern computer systems. 802.11 Wireless networking has become ... within computer networking is datacenter equipment such as file server s, database server s and storage ... diverse devices which may be considered networking hardware include mobile phone s, Personal digital ... networking devices Gateway telecommunications Gateway device sitting at a network node for interfacing ... transmissions , such as asynchronous and synchronous transmissions. Bridge router brouter ... networking Firewall a piece of hardware or software put on the network to prevent some communications ... System List of Networking hardware vendors Personal computer hardware Residential gateway References ... USF Explanation of network hardware Category Networking hardware Category Computer networking be x ... more details
nations and uses mesh networking based on the IEEE 802.11s standard to create a robust and inexpensive ... accessdate 2008 02 23 ref In Cambridge, UK, on the 3rd June 2006, mesh networking was used at the Strawberry ... Urbana Community Wireless Network CUWiN project is developing mesh networking software based on open ... metric. Additionally, the Wireless Networking Group ref cite web title Wireless Networking Group ... Wireless Networking Group url http www.crhc.illinois.edu wireless papers kyasanur2006Tech.pdf ref SMesh ... have also incorporated concepts from Mesh Networking. An examples is ITU T G.hn , a standard ... in communication networks ZigBee Optical mesh network Netsukuku Mesh network applications Wireless mesh network History of wireless mesh networking Distinct radio node deployments of Wireless Mesh Networking BioWeb Wireless ad hoc network Wireless community network Mobile ad hoc network MANET VANET ... networking References reflist External links Only links to sites that provide actual information about mesh networking. No links to sites that primarily exist to sell products or services. please ... view id 212 Robin Chase discusses Zipcar and Mesh networking Robin Chase talks at the Ted conference about the future of mesh networking and eco technology http www.mesh networks.org Mesh Networks Research ... topology Category Networks Category Wireless networking ca Xarxa en malla de Vermaschtes Netz es ... more details
Orphan date September 2008 Taste networking , also called value networking , is a specific mode of social networking that uses personal tastes as a basis for making social connections in an online environment. Whereas the majority of existing social network service s use schools, workplaces, geographic locations or pre existing friends to connect users, sites that use the taste networking model use tastes and values. Assessing users preferences in any number of areas the model s pioneering site, MyTrybe covers the full spectrum of arts and entertainment categories music, film and TV, gaming, the visual arts, and so on, plus a variety of lifestyle topics food, travel, fashion and news , taste networking services connect users based on their similarities. The theory behind this model is that it allows users to make more personally relevant social connections than does the standard social networking model. By using more granular tastes and values, that is, rather than the broad commonalities implied by membership to a school, workplace, or the like, this model is able to make high quality, individually tailored connections. One major advantage of the concept is that it allows for the seamless integration of both online social networking and content delivery. Within a taste networking environment, content has a particular relevance social connections are made based on substantive preferences that can be expressed and tracked easily through content. And, since users are already filtered by their preferences in this model, content can be easily personalized as well. MyTrybe, for example, is a dual service, offering both social networking and social bookmarking platforms. It offers users the chance to network with others based on their shared taste, and to get personalized content recommendations through that network called a Trybe in this case . References Glazowski, Paul. MyTrybe ... at 10 20 AM PST. http mashable.com 2008 02 01 mytrybe Category Social networking services Category ... more details
For other uses, see Metric disambiguation . Context date October 2009 Refimprove date January 2009 Metrics is a property of a routing route in computer networking , consisting of any value used by Routing Protocol to determine whether one route should perform better than another. The routing table stores only the best possible routes, while link state or topological databases may store all other information as well. For example, Routing Information Protocol uses hopcount number of hops to determine the best possible route. A Metric can include measuring link utilisation using SNMP number of hops hop count speed of the path packet loss router congestion conditions Lag latency delay path reliability path Bandwidth computing bandwidth throughput SNMP query routers Load computing load Maximum transmission unit MTU In EIGRP , metrics is represented by an integer from 0 to 4294967295. In Microsoft Windows XP routing it ranges from 1 to 9999. A Metric can be considered as ref http dx.doi.org 10.1016 j.comnet.2004.11.003 S. D. Rao, C. S. R. Murthy Distributed dynamic QoS aware routing in WDM optical networks , Computer Networks, Volume 48, Issue 4, 15 July 2005, Pages 585 604 ref additive the total cost of a path is the sum of the costs of individual links along the path, concave the total cost of a path is the minimum of the costs of individual links along the path, multiplicative the total cost of a path is the product of the costs of individual links along the path. A survey of routing metrics can be found http rainer.baumann.info public tik262.pdf here . Service Level Metrics Service Level Metrics are concerned with the end user s experience of using the product. Availability The availability of a computer network or an individual service may be expressed using the notation hh d ww. For a 24 hour service, seven days a week, available all year around, this would be expressed 24 7 52 where the 52 stands for the number of weeks in a year . Service providers usually express ... more details
Infobox company company name HP Networking company type Division of Hewlett Packard key people Meg Whitman President, CEO and Chairman of HP br Bethany Mayer SVP, GM of HP Networking industry Computer Network s products Networking hardware Network hardware parent Hewlett Packard homepage http www.hp.com networking www.hp.com networking HP Networking is the Computer network networking division of Hewlett Packard , within the HP Enterprise Business segment. HP s networking division was previously known ... and 3Com entities as HP Networking. Organization HP Networking was formed in April 2010 as the combination ..., 2011 ref ref Cite web url http www.theregister.co.uk 2010 04 19 hp networking title HP Networking Emerges ... in Roseville, CA, USA. Developer of networking switches and wireless solutions. Global sales. The acquired ... H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. Based in HangZhou, China. Developer of networking switches, routers ..., Texas. Developer of networking security solutions, particularly intrusion prevention systems. Global sales. History HP has been in the networking and switching business for decades. ref http www.channelregister.co.uk ... RND , then the Workgroup Networks Division WND , before becoming the ProCurve Networking Business PNB ... ProCurve Networking operates as a relatively independent business&cd 1&hl en&ct clnk&gl us&client ... April 12, 2010 accessdate March 24, 2011 ref Product Highlights HP Networking HPN sells networking products for businesses, schools and government entities. Click HP Networking Products here for a comprehensive list of HP Networking products. At Interop Las Vegas in April 2010, HP began publicly using HP Networking as the name for its networking division and outlined how products would be branded under the new entity. ref Cite web url http www.theregister.co.uk 2010 04 19 hp networking title HP Networking Emerges publisher The Register date April 19, 2010 accessdate March 24, 2011 ref A Series ... applications including voice platform VCX. Training HP Networking offers product, solution and sales ... more details
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