Level measurement refers to instrumentation techniques designed to measure the height of a fluid or solid within a containing vessel. Liquid fluid measurement techniques Radar Guided radar Electromechanical Ultrasound Ultrasonic Capacitance Hydrostatic pressure Differential pressure Weight Radiation RF Transmission line methods 3D Level Scanner 3D Level Scanner The device employs an array of low frequency transducers to measure and map the entire surface area, and a patented algorithm that processes the information and generates a 3d dimensional map. The 3DLlevelScanner can measure the level, volume and mass of bulk solids in any type of container. The device was first introduced in 2007 by http www.apm solutions.com APM Automation Solutions , an Israeli manufacturer. Solids measurement techniques Radar Guided radar Weight Differential pressure fluidized RF Transmission line methods References http www.sensorsmag.com articles 1000 55 main.shtml Sensor Magazine article on level http www.omega.com prodinfo levelmeasurement.html Omega level measurement article Category Measurement ... more details
Measurement Canada is a Canadian government government agency agency of Industry Canada whose mission is to ensure equity and accuracy where goods and services are bought and sold on the basis of measurement , in order to contribute to a fair and competitive marketplace for Canadians. The agency is headed by a President and was established on August 6, 1996 as a Special Operating Agency Legislation enforcement Electricity and Gas Inspection Act Weights and Measures Act R.S. 1985 See also Custody transfer External links http www.ic.gc.ca epic site mc mc.nsf en Home Measurement Canada website Category Industry Canada Category Standards organizations Canada gov stub ... more details
multiple issues one source June 2010 refimprove June 2010 wikify January 2011 Measurement and Verification M&V is the term given to the process for quantifying savings delivered by an Energy conservation measure Energy Conservation Measure ECM , as well as the sub sector of the energy industry involved with this practice. Measurement and Verification demonstrates how much energy the ECM has avoided using, rather than the total cost saved. The latter can be affected by many factors, such as energy prices. The Measurement and Verification process enables the energy savings delivered by the ECM to be isolated and fairly evaluated. Various protocols for good practice in Measurement and Verification exist, including the IPMVP International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol IPMVP ref cite web url http www.evo world.org title Efficiency Valuation Organization ref , which defines common terminology and the key steps in implementing a robust M&V process. A key part of the M&V process is the development of an M&V Plan , which defines how the savings analysis will be conducted before the ECM is implemented. This provides a degree of objectivity that is absent if the savings are simply evaluated after implementation. References reflist Category Energy conservation 2. http www1.eere.energy.gov femp pdfs mv guidelines.pdf FEMP M&V Guidelines 3.0 energy stub ... more details
wrong cup sizes. The use of the cup sizing and band measurementsystems has evolved ..., 2007 accessdate January 22, 2011 ref International fitting standards manufacturer measurementsystems .... the first relating breast size and pendulousness to cup size Brassiere measurement also called brassiere ... systems are typically used to label Ready to wear off the shelf bras and are not used for made to measure custom made bras or bras built into other garments. Bra size labeling systems vary from country ... 2012 Measurement method origins In October 1932, the S.H. Camp and Company correlated breast size ... measurement system was created by U.S. bra manufacturers just after World War II when the supposed ... inches to the actual measurement so the woman s resulting measurement would be closer to the artificial .... Cup measurement origins File Alphabet44.jpg thumb Warner s 1944 advertisement for bra sizes ... url http books.google.com books?id Hemsvn9ZbRkC&pg PA101 ref rp 101 Band measurement origins ... obesity and inaccurate back measurement. They concluded that obesity , breast Gigantomastia hypertrophy ... state and measurement method affect bra size calculations? publisher Sports Medicine year 2006 ... title Swoop and Scoop publisher Freya accessdate January 28, 2011 ref Measurement difficulties consumer measurement methods section In a practice known as vanity sizing , different manufacturers ... vary widely, and due to unreliable bra size charts, conflicting bra measurement instructions ... Pair Bras accessdate January 30, 2011 ref Measurement methods Bra retailers recommend several ... by a variety of factors. Bra measurement is an art and a science. ref name bareweb ref name andra Band measurement methods Some band measurement methods require a woman to measure her torso immediately under her breasts and add either convert 4 in cm or convert 5 in cm to the measurement to obtain ..., C, or D cup bra. Other current band measurement methods do not require adding to the measurement ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Grade measurement is the geodesy geodetic determination of the local radius of curvature of the figure of the Earth by determining the difference in astronomical latitude between two locations on the same meridian geography meridian , the metric distance between which is known. The first known grade measurement was performed by Eratosthenes 240 BC between Alexandria and Syene in what is now Egypt, determining the radius of the Earth with remarkable correctness. The Dutch geodesist Snellius 1620 repeated the experiment between Alkmaar and Bergen op Zoom using more modern geodetic instrumentation. Later grade measurements aimed at determining the flattening of the Earth ellipsoid by measuring at different geographic latitude s. The first of these was the one commissioned by the French Geodesic Mission French Academy of Sciences in 1735 1738, involving measurement expeditions to Lapland Pierre Louis Maupertuis Maupertuis et al. and Peru Pierre Bouguer et al. . Later, Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve Struve measured a geodetic triangle chain between the Arctic Sea and the Black Sea , and Friedrich Bessel Bessel compiled several meridian arc s to compute the famous Bessel ellipsoid 1841 . Nowadays, the method is replaced by worldwide geodetic network s and by satellite geodesy . Also the imaginary grade measurement described by Jules Verne in his book Adventures of 3 Russians and 3 Englishmen in South Africa of 1872 may be mentioned. See also Erdmessung Earth ellipsoid Meridian arc Astrogeodesy Struve Geodetic Arc DEFAULTSORT Grade Measurement Category Geodesy Cartography stub Measurement stub de Gradmessung ... more details
. Using a physical measure provides that the quality of the measurement object has been specified and the quality remains homogeneous. If the presumed unchanged quality is not realized, the measurement ... are by no means related to the physical measures, hence, changes in prices do not affect the measurement ... price measures are suited for wide ranging measurement because it is possible to combine different commodities based on their value. In a fixed price measurement, a change in quality means that the relative ... describe the profitability of business process. Variables in the nominal price measurement are quality ... suited for estimates of fixed price values. See also Productivity Measurement References cite conference first S. last Saari authorlink coauthors title Productivity. Theory and Measurement in Business ... more details
File Measurement categories.svg thumb 250px Schematic representation of measurement categories Measurement category a method of classification of Live wire electricity live electric circuits used in measurement and testing of installations and equipment, usually in the relation within a building residential or industrial . The categories take into account the total continuous energy available at the given point of circuit, and the occurrence of overvoltage impulse voltages . The energy can be limited by circuit breaker s or Fuse electrical fuses , and the impulse voltages by the nominal level of voltage. Measurement categories The definitions for each measurement category are as follows. ref name IEC61010 IEC 61010 20 030, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use Part 30 Special requirements for testing and measuring circuits ref There are four categories, which are always stated with the designated voltage, for instance CAT III, 150 V or CAT IV, 1000 V . This has important safety implications for impulse voltages and insulation Insulator electrical clearances . CAT I CAT I is applicable to instruments and equipment, which are not intended to be connected to the mains supply. Because the available energy is very limited, this category is normally not marked on the equipment instead simply rated voltages and currents are stated e.g. in multimeter s . Examples low voltage electronic circuits, load circuits of bench power supply power supplies , etc. CAT II CAT II defines circuits which are intended for direct connection into mains sockets or similar points. The energy in such installations should be limited to below 100 A continuously or below 500 A for voltages not exceeding 150 V . The maximum available continuous power must be limited for instance by a circuit breaker to not more than 22 ... varies from 500 V CAT II, 50 V , to 12 000 V CAT IV, 1000 V . References reflist Category Measurement ... more details
Refimprove date January 2012 Antenna measurement techniques refers to the testing of antenna radio antennas to ensure that the antenna meets specifications or simply to characterize it. Typical parameters of antennas are gain, radiation pattern, beamwidth, polarization, and impedance. The antenna pattern is the response of the antenna to a plane wave incident from a given direction or the relative power density of the wave transmitted by the antenna in a given direction. For a reciprocal antenna, these two patterns are identical. A multitude of antenna pattern measurement techniques have been developed. The first technique developed was the far field range, where the antenna under test AUT is placed in the far field of a range antenna. Due to the size required to create a far field range for large antennas, near field techniques were developed, which allow the measurement of the field on a surface close to the antenna typically 3 to 10 times its wavelength . This measurement is then predicted to be the same at infinity . A third common method is the compact range, which uses a Reflector antenna reflector to create a field near the AUT that looks approximately like a plane wave. Far field range FF The far field range was the original antenna measurement technique, and consists of placing the AUT a long distance away from the instrumentation antenna. Generally, the far field distance or Fraunhofer distance , d , is considered to be math d 2D 2 over lambda math , where D is the maximum ... to obtain a reasonably good antenna pattern. IEEE suggests the use of their antenna measurement standard, document number IEEE Std 149 1979 for far field ranges and measurement set up for various techniques ... CATR is a facility which is used to provide convenient testing of antenna systems at frequencies ... , careful study of experiment geometry, and specialized measurement equipment that rotates the antenna ... Antenna measurement tool References reflist DEFAULTSORT Antenna Measurement Category Antennas ... more details
The levels of measurement , or scales of measure are expressions that typically refer to the theory of scale ... Science journal Science article titled On the theory of scales of measurement . ref cite journal last Stevens first S. S. authorlink Stanley Smith Stevens title On the Theory of Scales of Measurement ..., Stevens claimed that all measurement in science was conducted using four different types ... he invoked his theory of measurement to justify nominal scales as measurement cquote the use of numerals ... cannot be defined. In 1946, Stevens observed that psychological measurement usually operates on ordinal ... that we have an even lower level of measurement an ordinal level. This means that the numbers we assign ... isbn 1 56000 360 X year 1998 pages 24 25 quote Ideally, a scale of measurement should have a true zero ... X pages 30 31 quote In the jargon of psychological measurement theory, IQ is an ordinal scale, where ... measurement is temperature with the degree Celsius Celsius scale . In this particular scale, the unit of measurement is 1 100 of the temperature difference between the freezing and boiling points ... as they have units of measurement. Ratios between numbers on the scale are not meaningful, so operations ... moment. Ratio scale Most measurement in the physical sciences and engineering is done on ratio scales ... scales. The scale type takes its name from the fact that measurement is the estimation ... scale measurement in the behavioral sciences are all but non existent. Luce 2000 argues that an example of ratio scale measurement in psychology can be found in rank and sign dependent expected utility ... Association jstor 2684788 ref Duncan 1986 observed that Stevens classification nominal measurement is contrary to his own definition of measurement . Stevens 1975 said on his own definition of measurement ... assignment, for randomness amounts in effect to a nonrule . However, so called nominal measurement involves ... sciences over whether the mean is meaningful for ordinal measurement. In terms of measurement theory ... more details
over Gravity alcoholic beverage specific gravity in that it expresses the measurement in terms ... when gravity stops declining. A gravity measurement taken at this time compared to the original .... For all practical considerations the two systems should give the same results. ref The International ... section1 chapter5 5.html How To Brew Hop Bittering Calculations http Colour.Lovibond.com Colour Measurement ... more details
Oskar von Miller Tower , Garching , Germany Other measurement towers Aerial test facility Br ck , Br ck ... temporary measurement towers. Typically these mount anemometers at a range of heights up ... wind speed distribution. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Measurement Tower Category Meteorological ... more details
in industrial process systems. Differential pressure gauges have two inlet ports, each connected to one ... in this case is fixed at 1 bar. An absolute pressure measurement is one that is referred to absolute ... unit to indicate the measurement s zero reference psia for absolute, psig for gauge, psid for differential ... as the weight of a litre of water. Although no longer favoured by measurement experts, these manometric ... depth of water is approximately equal to one atmosphere. In vacuum systems, the units torr , micrometre ... pressures this measurement is called the total pressure or stagnation pressure . Since dynamic pressure ... Pitot static tube s, for example perform this measurement on airplanes to determine airspeed. The presence ... measurement is desired except when measuring differential pressure of a fluid for example across ... of the fluid being measured. ref cite book title Methods for the Measurement of Fluid Flow in Pipes ... Torr 0.1 mPa , 0.1 mPa is the lowest direct measurement of pressure that is possible with current technology. Other vacuum gauges can measure lower pressures, but only indirectly by measurement of other ... a direct measurement, most commonly a McLeod gauge. ref name measure Cite book first Thomas G. last ... Measurement of Low Pressures ref Aneroid Aneroid gauges are based on a metallic pressure sensing element ... pressure measurement in industry. ref http www.archivingindustry.com Indicator discspring.htm ... in conjunction with the ionization gauge for accurate measurement. ref cite encyclopedia editor Robert ... sensors resonance History See Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology European ... DEFAULTSORT Pressure Measurement Category Underwater diving safety equipment Category Vacuum Category ... more details
Expand German Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement date January 2012 Sustainability measurement is a term that denotes the measurements used as the quantitative basis for the informed management of sustainability . ref cite web url http www.accaglobal.com publicinterest activities research reports sustainable and transparent rr 078 title Sustainability Accounting in UK Local Government publisher The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants accessdate 2008 06 18 ref The metrics used for the measurement of sustainability involving the sustainability of environmental, social and economic domains, both individually and in various combinations are still evolving they include Ecological indicator indicator s, benchmarks, audits, indexes and accounting, as well as assessment, appraisal ref Dalal Clayton, Barry and Sadler, Barry 2009. Sustainability Appraisal. A Sourcebook and Reference Guide to International Experience. London Earthscan. ISBN 978 1 84407 357 3. ref and other reporting systems. They are applied over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. ref Hak, T. et al. 2007. Sustainability Indicators , SCOPE 67. Island Press, London. ref ref Bell, Simon and Morse, Stephen 2008. Sustainability Indicators. Measuring the Immeasurable? 2nd edn. London Earthscan. ISBN 978 1 84407 299 6. ref Some of the best known and most widely used sustainability measures include corporate sustainability reporting , Triple bottom line Triple Bottom Line accounting , and estimates of the quality of sustainability governance for individual countries using the Environmental Sustainability Index and Environmental ... The United Nations has developed extensive sustainability measurement tools in relation to sustainable ... Benchmark surveying benchmark s A benchmark is a point of reference for a measurement. Once a benchmark ... ref http www.sustainabilityeconomics.de publications vjh.html Publications on sustainability measurement ... These systems are described and analyzed by means of the methods of mathematics and the natural sciences ... more details
Educational Measurement refers to the use of educational assessments and the analysis of data such as scores obtained from educational assessments to infer the abilities and proficiencies of students. The approaches overlap with those in psychometrics . Overview The aim of theory and practice in educational measurement is typically to measure abilities and levels of attainment by students in areas such as reading, writing, mathematics, science and so forth. Traditionally, attention focuses on whether assessments are reliable and valid. In practice, educational measurement is largely concerned with the analysis of data from educational assessments or tests. Typically, this means using total scores on assessments, whether they are multiple choice or open ended and marked using marking rubrics or guides. In technical terms, the pattern of scores by individual students to individual items is used to infer so called scale locations of students, the measurements . This process is one form of scaling. Essentially, higher total scores give higher scale locations, consistent with the traditional and everyday use of total scores. ref Cite book last Baker first F title The Basics of Item Response Theory publisher ERIC Clearinghouse on Assessment and Evaluation location University of Maryland, College Park, MD year 2001 isbn ref If certain theory is used, though, there is not a strict correspondence between the ordering of total scores and the ordering of scale locations. The Rasch model provides a strict correspondence provided all students attempt the same test items, or their performances are marked using the same marking rubrics. In terms of the broad body of purely mathematical theory drawn on, there is substantial overlap between educational measurement and psychometrics. However, certain approaches considered to be a part of psychometrics, including Classical test theory , Item ... CMahwah, NJ year 1980 isbn ref One of the aims of applying theory and techniques in educational measurement ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Image Wall clock.jpg thumb 250px right A wall clock, with three dials A dial is generally a flat surface, circular or rectangular, with numbers or similar markings on it, used for displaying the setting or output of a timepiece , radio , clock , watch , or measuring instrument . See also dial indicator . The term may also refer to a movable control knob used to change the settings of the controlled instrument, for example, to change the frequency of the radio. See also dial . DEFAULTSORT Dial Measurement Category Measuring instruments Tool stub de Zifferblatt fr Cadran horlogerie nl Wijzerplaat ru sv Urtavla uk ... more details
merge Gunter s chain date March 2012 Gunter s measurement , sometimes Surveyor s measurement , is a geodesy geodetic system, formerly popular in Kingdom of Great Britain Britain and its former colonies. It was developed in the 17th century by Edmund Gunter and is still in use today in the United States of America . Gunter used an actual measuring chain of 100 links. These, the chain and the link , have become units of their own. Unit of length name Gunter s chain m 20.1168 accuracy 6 number of significant figures The Gunter s chain is equal to 4 Rod unit rod s With the rod being a standardized measurement of 5 yards or 16 feet. This rod is also called a perch or a pole. The statute rod was codified in English law at least as early as Edward I of England Edward I , and possibly predates the Norman conquest . , 22 yard s, 66 Foot length feet , frac 80 of a mile or 20.1168 metres. The rectangular area with edges of one chain and one furlong 10 chains respectively ten square chains is one acre , therefore the chain is sometimes called an acre breadth . The length of a cricket pitch is based on this dimension. Unit of length name Gunter s link m .201168 accuracy 6 number of significant figures Link unit Gunter s link is 1 chain 100. Thus it is exactly 7.92 inch es or 201.168 mm. A square link is exactly one hundred thousandth of an acre and one ten thousandth of one square chain or 0.0404685642 m . It is about 62 square inches. In some places other lengths have been used, for example 8.928 inches ca. 0.227 m in Scotland and 10.08 inches ca. 0.256 m in Ireland . sizes.com true? Chain is usually abbreviated as ch. , whereas link becomes either l. , li. or lnk. . An American, similar system of about the same age but lesser popularity is Jesse Ramsden Ramden s see http aurora.rg.iupui.edu schadow units UCUM ucum.html or the engineer s system , where the chain consists also of 100 links, each one foot unit foot 0.3048 m long. The even less common Rathborn system , also from the 17th ... more details
Fish measurement is the measuring of the length of individual fish and of various parts of their fish anatomy anatomy . These data are used in many areas of ichthyology , including taxonomy and fishery fisheries biology. Overall length Standard length SL refers to the length of a fish measured from the tip of the snout to the posterior end of the last vertebra or to the posterior end of the midlateral portion of the hypural plate. Simply put, this measurement excludes the length of the caudal fin. ref cite web title Term standard length work FishBase.org url http www.fishbase.org Glossary Glossary.cfm?TermEnglish standard 20length date 2004 11 18 accessdate 2006 11 02 ref Total length TL refers to the length from the tip of the snout to the tip of the longer lobe of the caudal fin, usually measured with the lobes compressed along the midline. It is a straight line measure, not measured over the curve of the body. ref name tl cite web title Term total length work FishBase.org url http www.fishbase.org Glossary Glossary.cfm?TermEnglish total 20length date 2004 11 18 accessdate 2006 11 02 ref Standard length measurements are used with Teleostei most Actinopterygii bony fish , while total length measurements are used with Myxini hagfish , Petromyzontiformes lamprey s , and usually Elasmobranchii shark s and batoidea rays , as well as some other fishes. ref name tl In addition, fishery biologists often use a third measure in fishes with forked tails Fork length FL refers to the length from the tip of the snout to the end of the middle caudal fin rays and is used in fishes in which it is difficult to tell where the vertebral column ends. ref cite web title Term fork length work FishBase.org url http www.fishbase.org Glossary Glossary.cfm?TermEnglish fork 20length date 2004 11 18 accessdate 2006 11 02 ref Other measurements Other measurements that may be taken include the lengths ... expanded science fisheries and fishing DEFAULTSORT Fish Measurement Category Ichthyology Category Fishkeeping ... more details
Citations missing date August 2010 Expert subject measurement date August 2010 Image Clinical thermometer 38.7.JPG thumb right A medical clinical thermometer showing the temperature of 38.7 C Attempts of standardized temperature measurement have been reported as early as 170 AD by Galen Claudius Galenus . ref name quinn cite book author T. J. Quinn year 1983 title Temperature publisher Academic Press location London ref The modern scientific field has its origins in the works by Florentine scientists in the 17th century. Early devices to measure temperature were called thermoscope s. The first sealed thermometer was constructed in 1641 by the Grand Duke of Toscani, Ferdinand II. ref name quinn The development of today s thermometer s and temperature scales began in the early 18th century, when Gabriel Fahrenheit adapted a thermometer using mercury element mercury and a scale both developed by Ole R mer Ole Christensen R mer . Fahrenheit s scale is still in use, alongside the Celsius scale and the Kelvin scale. Technologies Many methods have been developed for measuring temperature. Most of these rely on measuring some physical property of a working material that varies with temperature. One of the most common devices for measuring temperature is the mercury in glass thermometer glass thermometer . This consists of a glass tube filled with mercury element mercury or some other liquid, which acts as the working fluid. Temperature increase causes the fluid to expand, so the temperature can be determined by measuring the volume of the fluid. Such thermometers are usually calibrated so that one can read the temperature simply by observing the level of the fluid in the thermometer. Another type of thermometer that is not really used much in practice, but is important from a theoretical ... scales See also Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology temperature conversion ... links DEFAULTSORT Temperature Measurement Category Atmospheric thermodynamics Category Thermodynamics ... more details
ecology unique to each of the ecosystems . Gamma diversity is a measurement of the overall ... SystBio4 149. Zootaxa1407 3. Reflist 2 DEFAULTSORT Measurement Of Biodiversity Category Biodiversity Category Environmental science Category Measurement of biodiversity af Biodiversiteit ar ... more details
italic title Measurement of a Circle Greek language Greek lang grc , Kuklou metr sis is a treatise that consists of three propositions by Archimedes . The treatise is only a fraction of what was a longer work. ref name History Citation last Heath first Thomas Little year 1921 title A History of Greek Mathematics isbn 0543968774 url http books.google.com ?id zGIYbEtzD QC&printsec frontcover accessdate 2008 06 30 publisher Adamant Media Corporation location Boston ref ref name Brit cite web title Archimedes publisher Encyclop dia Britannica year 2008 accessdate 2008 06 30 url http www.britannica.com EBchecked topic 32808 Archimedes ref Propositions Proposition one Image Area of circle and triangle.svg thumb The circle and the triangle are equal in area. Proposition one states blockquote The area of any circle is equal to a right angled triangle in which one of the sides about the right angle is equal to the radius, and the other to the circumference, of the circle. blockquote Any circle with a circumference c and a radius r is equal in area with a right triangle with the two Cathetus legs being c and r . This proposition is proved by the method of exhaustion . ref name Works Citation last Heath first Thomas Little year 1897 title The Works of Archimedes publication place Cambridge University pages lxxvii 50 url http www.archive.org details worksofarchimede029517mbp accessdate 2008 06 30 ref Proposition two Proposition two states blockquote The area of a circle is to the square on its diameter as 11 to 14. blockquote This proposition could not have been placed by Archimedes, for it relies on the outcome of the third proposition. ref name Works Proposition three Image Archimedes pi.svg thumb Examples of how Archimedes calculated pi. Archimedes used a 96 sided polygon to find his estimate. Proposition three states blockquote The ratio of the circumference of any circle to its diameter is greater than math 3 tfrac 10 71 math but less than math 3 tfrac 1 7 math ... more details
Infobox Company company name T Systems International GmbH company logo File T systems.gif 250px company type Public company Public foundation 2000 location city Frankfurt , Hesse location country Germany area served World Worldwide key people Reinhard Clemens small CEO small industry IT service management IT services br Information technology consulting IT consulting services IT, business consulting ... 15 March 2012 publisher T Systems format PDF ref num employees profit 48,200 small 2011 small ref name AR2011 parent Deutsche Telekom AG homepage http www.t systems.com T Systems is an Germany German ... 2000, it is a subsidiary of Deutsche Telekom AG . As of 2012, T Systems is the largest German ... tsystems100.html T Systems streicht 3000 Arbeitspl tze Tagesschau.de ref 3,000 in Spain, 2,000 in Brazil ... is the CEO . Before that, he was president of Electronic Data Systems EDS Germany since 2003. History T Systems was founded in 2001, when Deutsche Telekom acquired a 50,1 stake of debis Systemhaus ..., the newly founded T Systems. In 2001, T System s headquarters were moved from Bonn to Frankfurt ... Systemhaus was acquired and fully incorporated into T Systems. However, the company underwent ... debis management and the leadership of the former Telekom subsidiaries. Since then, T Systems made ... Clemens is T Systems new CEO. T Systems also supported the creation of Silicon Saxony , a major IT cluster in Germany. ref http www.software saxony.de ?page id 4 ref In 2008, T Systems and global IT services ... news pressreleases 2008 cognizantTSystems.asp Press Release First Systems Integration Alliance to Globally Serve Corporate Europe Bot generated title ref T Systems is also working for the German government ... ref References references External links http www.t systems.com T Systems home page Major information ... in Frankfurt Category Companies established in 2000 Telecom company stub de T Systems es T Systems fr T Systems pt T Systems ... more details
The IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Society is a professional society of the IEEE . ref http ieee ims.org main IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Society ref History The IRE Professional Group on Instrumentation was established on March 9th of 1950, which after the merger with AIEE in 1963 changed its name to the IEEE Professional Technical Group on Instrumentation and Measurement. In 1964 the group changed its name to the IEEE Group on Instrumentation and Measurement and again in 1978 to the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Society. ref cite web url http www.ieeeghn.org wiki index.php IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Society History title IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Society History author IEEE Global History Network date 2011 publisher IEEE History Center accessdate 7 July 2011 ref Field of Interest The society s Field of Interest, according to its website, encompasses measurementsystems and science, and seeks to advance knowledge in the theory, methodology, and practice of measurement, including, but not limited to, primary metrology, measurement uncertainty, and traceability the design, development and evaluation of measurementsystems, or any of their components, involved in generating, acquiring, conditioning and processing signals for the purpose of measuring quantities and phenomena of interest the analysis, representation, display, and preservation of the information obtained from a set of measurements so as to best meet the needs of the end user, whether human or machine and through the establishment and maintenance of related technical standards. ref http ieee ims.org main IEEE IMS Field of Interest ref Publications The IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Society publishes the following ref http ieee ims.org main index.php?option com content&view article&id 21&Itemid 4 IEEE IMS Publications ref http ieee ims.org main index.php?option com content&view ... article&id 30&Itemid 28 The IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement TIM Conferences ... more details
May 2011 A measurement is used to determine the actual value of a characteristic that is usually called measurand . A measurement is possible only if the measurand had been quantified prior to measurement ... , or the characteristic time duration of a development is quantified by the unit second . Any measurement assumes a measurement process which is subject to randomness resulting in uncertainty about its indeterminate future outcome. Because of this uncertainty with respect to the future outcome of the measurement ... problems are addressed in the ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement ref Guide to expression of uncertainty in measurement, http www.bipm.org utils common documents jcgm ... to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement GUM , Economic Quality Control , Vol. 23, 123 149, 2008. ref . The weaknesses of the GUM were one reason that stochastic measurement procedures ref Elart von Collani and Monica Dumitrescu, Complete Neyman measurement procedures, Metrika , Vol. 54, 111 ... of randomness and uncertainty TOC limit 3 Measurement procedure The measurand is given by a variable .... A measurement itself is performed by a measurement device that defines a measurement process. In contrast to the measurand the measurement process is subject to randomness and its future outcome is therefore indeterminate. Consequently, the measurement process is represented by a variable X which ... outcome of the measurement process. It is impossible to determine the true value of the measurand by means of the measurement process because of randomness. It is only possible to specify a set of values that includes the true value. Such a set constitutes the measurement result and it is called correct if it contains the true value of the measurand and wrong if not. A measurement procedure is specified by the measurand given by the deterministic variable D , a measurement device that defines the admitted measurement range denoted math mathfrak D math and the measurement process represented ... more details
in Use in Taiwan Systems of measurement DEFAULTSORT Taiwanese Units Of Measurement Category Systems ...Refimprove date July 2009 No footnotes date July 2009 Taiwanese units of measurement zh t p T izh poj T i ch are the customary and traditional Units of measurement units of measure used in Taiwan . Many of the units derive from Japanese units of measurement and have similar names as Chinese units of measurement but different conversions than in China or Hong Kong . In some cases these units are used exclusively, in some cases alongside official International System of Units metric SI units, and in other cases they have been supplanted by metric units. Linguistics Linguistically , practically all Taiwanese units of measure are Chinese classifier s used to classifier linguistics classify nouns . Image Sam ho chhi.jpg thumb Fruit sold in catty catties in a Taiwanese market Length Linear measure in Taiwan is largely metric but some units derived from traditional Japanese units of measurement remain in use. 1 chh n zh c linktext p c n poj chh n based on Jp. Cun unit sun inch 3.030 cm 1 chhioh zh c linktext p ch poj chhioh based on Jp. Shaku unit shaku foot 10 chh n 30.30 cm Area Unlike with other measures, area continues to be almost exclusively measured with traditional rather than SI units. Taiwanese units of land measurement derive from both traditional Netherlands Dutch and Japan ese measurements. The principal unit of land measure, the kah , derives from the obsolete Dutch unit morgen which was introduced in Taiwan s era of Dutch colonization or from the Dutch word ... with units derived from traditional Japanese units of measurement . 1 Chinese cash currency ... measurement mace zh t p qi n poj ch 10 candareens 3.75 gram g 1 tael zh t p li ng poj ni ... catties 60 Kilogram kg Note the above differs from some same named Chinese units of measurement . See also Japanese units of measurement Chinese units of measurement Hong Kong units of measurement ... more details
orphan date January 2011 Performance Rating is the step in the work measurement in which the wikt analyst analyst observes the worker s performance and records a value representing that performance relative to the analyst s concept of standard performance. ref Groover, Mikell P. Work Systems and Methods, measurement, and Management of Work. Pearson Education International, 2007. ref There are several methods of performance rating. The simplest and most common method is based on speed or pace . Standard performance is denoted as 100 . ref Kanawaty, George, ed. Introduction to Work Study. 4th ed. Geneva, Switzerland International Labor Office, 1992. ref A performance rating greater than 100 means the worker s performance is more than standard, and less than 100 means the worker s performance is less than standard. References references Category Industrial engineering ... more details
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