Targetedtherapy is a type of medication that blocks the growth of cancer cell s by interfering with specific targeted molecules needed for carcinogenesis and tumor growth, ref name urlDefinition of targetedtherapy NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms cite web url http www.cancer.gov Templates db alpha.aspx?CdrID 270742 title Definition of targetedtherapy NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms format work accessdate ... chemotherapy . Targeted cancer therapies may be more effective than current treatments and less harmful to normal cells. The definitive experiments that showed that targetedtherapy would reverse ... name pmid18605984 cite journal author Zhukov NV, Tjulandin SA title Targetedtherapy in the treatment ... name pmid18536523 cite journal author Markman M title The promise and perils of targetedtherapy of advanced ... Types The main categories of targetedtherapy are small molecule s and monoclonal antibody monoclonal ..., Li Z title Recent advances of novel targetedtherapy in non small cell lung cancer journal J Hematol ... been described as the foundation of targetedtherapy. ref name pmid18068350 cite journal author Jordan VC title Tamoxifen catalyst for the change to targetedtherapy journal Eur. J. Cancer volume 44 ... MR, Shore GC title Small molecule Bcl 2 antagonists as targetedtherapy in oncology journal Curr Oncol ... directed enzyme prodrug therapy . Progress and future Many oncologists believe that targeted therapies ... biomarker s and surrogate endpoint s. References reflist 2 External links TargetedTherapy Database ... 2191 Targeting TargetedTherapy New England Journal of Medicine 2004 Extracellular chemotherapeutic agents DEFAULTSORT TargetedTherapy Category Antineoplastic drugs Category Drugs de Gezielte Krebstherapie ja th Targetedtherapy ... as second line therapy. Because of this finding, erlotinib has replaced gefitinib in this setting ... of AEZS 108 AN 152 , a targeted cytotoxic LHRH analog, in patients with LHRH receptor positive platinum ... more details
Targetedtherapy of lung cancer refers to using agents specifically designed to selectively target molecular ... Respiratory neoplasia DEFAULTSORT TargetedTherapy Of Lung Cancer Category Lung cancer Category ... tissues. Targeted agents are designed to be selective in their effects by modulating the activity ... 20Reviews 202007.pdf Histotype in non small cell lung cancer therapy and staging The emerging role ... to chemotherapy and or radiation therapy than are NSCLC s. Therefore, current traditional treatment ... Society of Clinical Oncology adjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant radiation therapy for stages ... ref Targeted lung cancer agents in current use While a very large number of agents targeting various ... M title Targeted therapies for non small cell lung cancer journal Lung Cancer Amsterdam, Netherlands ... patient index.m ref Non small cell lung cancer Targeted agents are beginning to permit the design ... cancer progress in diagnosis, staging and therapy journal Respirology Carlton, Vic. volume 15 issue ... While there have been no randomized clinical trials of targeted agents in c SCLC, ref name pubmed http www.pubmed.com ref some small case series suggest that some may be useful in c SCLC. Many targeted ... domain mutations on lung tumorigenesis and in vivo sensitivity to EGFR targeted therapies journal ... url ref EGFR targeted agents appear particularly effective in papillary adenocarcinoma , ref name ... variants of NSCLC. ref name Vincent ref name SpiroTanner Pemetrexed , although not classified as a targeted ... trials of newer targeted agents both alone and in combination with previously tested treatment ..., Falanga M, Gridelli C title New targeted therapies and small cell lung cancer journal Clinical Lung ... PDF ref To date, most clinical trials of targeted agents, alone and in combination with previously ... trials of targeted agents in c SCLC, some small case series suggest that some agents currently in use may be beneficial in c SCLC. Many targeted agents appear more active in certain NSCLC variants ... more details
Targeted advertising is a type of advertising whereby advertisements are placed so as to reach consumer s based on various traits such as demographics , gender, age, origination, nationality, purchase history or observed behavior. Two principal forms of targeted interactive advertising are behavioral targeting and contextual advertising . The Process Advertisers want to reach the most consumers as efficiently as possible. That implies to understand how customers minds work. ref http www.searchenginejournal.com behavioral targeting and contextual advertising 836 ref Targeting technologies work by anonymously monitoring and tracking the content read and sites visited by a user or IP when that user surfs on the Internet . This is done by serving tracking codes. Sites visited, content viewed, and length of visit are databased to predict an online behavioral pattern. ref http curiosity.discovery.com question targeted advertising ref Companies The 6 mains companies leading the targeted advertising ... NAI Study.pdf ref in 2009 measuring the pricing and effectiveness of targeted advertising. It revealed that targeted advertising Secured an average of 2.7 times as much revenue per ad as non targeted ... This study demonstrates the increasing significance of targeted advertising to the economic model supporting ... is treated more as an individual than an advertising collective. For the advertiser With targeted ... giyer index files tgtadv.pdf ref Controversies Targeted Advertising has raised ... online behavioural targeted advertising E2 80 93 privacy international E2 80 99s position ref A survey ... and February 19, 2012 revealed that most of Americans are are not fans of targeted advertising, seeing it as an invasion of privacy. Indeed 68 of those surveyed said they are not okay with targeted advertising ... americans not fans online targeted ads survey 202406653.html ref References Reflist Category Advertising de Targeted Advertising nl Gepersonaliseerd adverteren pl Targetowanie ru ... more details
Targeted threats are a class of malware destined for one specific organization or industry. A type of crimeware , these Threat computer threats are of particular concern because they are designed to capture sensitive information. Targeted attacks may include threats delivered via SMTP e mail, port attacks, zero day attack vulnerability computing vulnerability exploits or phishing messages. Government organisations are the most targeted sector ref http www.symantec.com connect blogs targeted attacks now using bredolab malware ref . Financial industries are the second most targeted sector, most likely because cybercriminals desire to profit from the confidential, sensitive information the financial industry IT infrastructure houses. ref Symantec Corp., Symantec Internet Security Threat Report, Vol X, Sep. 2006, p. 9. ref Similarly, online brokerage accounts have also been targeted by such attacks. ref Security and Exchange Commission. Online Brokerage Accounts What You Can Do to Safeguard Your Money and Your Personal Information. http www.sec.gov investor pubs onlinebrokerage.htm ref Impact The impact of targeted Attack computing attacks can be far reaching. In addition to regulatory sanctions imposed by HIPAA , Sarbanes Oxley, the Gramm Leach Bliley Act and other laws, they can lead to the loss of revenue, focus and corporate momentum. They not only expose sensitive customer data ..., because targeted attacks are only sent to a limited number of organizations, these crimeware threats ... behavior analysis. Examples In one instance, Trojan horses were used as a targeted threat so that Israeli ... Internet Security Threat Report, Vol X, Sep. 2006, p. 4. ref Targeted destination attacks ... e mail with malicious payloads. ref Avinti, Inc. Targeted Destination Attacks. Sep. 2005. http www.avinti.com download labs targeted destination.pdf ref External links http www.daemon.be maarten targetedattacks.html An analysis of Targeted Attacks Notes references Category Malware ... more details
thumb right MQ 1 Predator Predator Unmanned aerial vehicle drone sometimes used in targeted killings Targeted killing is the assassination intentional killing , by a government or its agents, of a civilian or unlawful combatant targeted by the government, who is not in the government s custody ... arms or otherwise, who has thereby lost the immunity from being targeted that he would otherwise ... from that of targeted violence as used by specialists who study violence . Legal justification ... 1&ved 0CCsQ6AEwAA v onepage&q&f false ref writes Assassinations and targeted killings are very ... , whereas people who are allegedly terrorists are targeted in self defense, and thus it is viewed ... archive 2004 03 26 EDGK65QPC41.DTL Targeted killing is a necessary option , Sofaer, Abraham D., Hoover ... District of New York , wrote on the subject blockquote When people call a targeted killing ... when undertaken by our police forces against domestic killers. Targeted killings in self defense have ... difference between assassination and targeted killing.... targeted killing is not synonymous ..., writes Targeted killing is ... not an assassination , Steven R. David Steve David , Johns Hopkins ... reasons to believe that the Israeli policy of targeted killing is not the same as assassination ... University Law School GW Law Professor Peter Raven Hansen write Targeted killing of terrorists is ... not unlawful and would not constitute assassination , Rory Miller writes Targeted killing ... is not assassination ... is the legal distinction between targeted killing and assassination . ref cite web url http heinonline.org ... Amos Guiora title Targeted Killing as Active Self Defense publisher 36 Case W. Res. J. Int l L. 31920 ... Steven R. David title Fatal Choices Israel s Policy Of Targeted Killing publisher The Begin Sadat Center ... 31 Targeted Killing and Assassination The U.S. Legal Framework , Banks, William C., Raven Hansen ... ref cite news last Savage first Charlie title Pentagon Says U.S. Citizens With Terrorism Ties Can Be Targeted ... more details
A targeted repurchase is a technique used to thwart a hostile takeover in which the target company law firm purchases back its own stock from an unfriendly bidder, usually at a price well above market value. Empirical evidence Mikkelson and Ruback analyzed 111 blockholder investment and targeted stock repurchases in 1991 findings. According to their analysis, stock prices rose significantly at the initial stage of block investment, but fell significantly at the time of repurchase there were cumulative significant gains for the entire period. 1 Examples On August 20, 2002, KBF Pollution Management, INC., a recycling services provider, reported that it would repurchase stock from its current shareholders. KBF planned to fund its Share Repurchase Program though initiation of service for many new generators, some of which are Fortune 500 companies, and expectations of third quarter revenue s exceeding second quarter revenues by 30 . Under KBF s Share Repurchase Plan, KBF stock can be purchased by block purchase from time to time as long as it is in compliance with U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission SEC s Rule 10b 18, subject to market conditions, meets legal requirements, and other factors. The repurchased shares are held in KBF s treasury where they are either inactive or applied to corporate use. Fact date November 2008 References 1 Mikkelson and Ruback 1991 , RAND Journal of Economics . See also Greenmail Economics Mergers and acquisitions Microeconomics Takeover Industrial organization Category Corporate finance ... more details
Targeted reinnervation is a method developed by Dr. Todd Kuiken at Northwestern University and Rehabilitation ... name Kuiken2006 Overview Targeted reinnervation has an efferent and an afferent component. Targeted ... of the amputated limb. ref name Kuiken2006 The resultant Electromyography EMG signals of the targeted ... device. ref name Kuiken2006 Targeted sensory reinnervation is a method by which skin near or over the targeted muscle is denervated, then reinnervated with afferent fibers of the remaining hand ... interface. Advantages Targeted reinnervation does not require any implants. Therefore, it does not have the issue of tissue foreign body response as chronic brain implant technology does. The targeted ... nerves. This is an advantage over technologies like EEG and fMRI that utilize weaker signals. With targeted ... prostheses for targeted reinnervation. By means of nerve transfer, targeted reinnervation can also .... ref name Kuiken2006 Methods Targeted Muscle Reinnervation The goal of targeted muscle reinnervation is to transfer multiple nerves into separate regions of the targeted muscle, record multiple yet ... of targeted reinnervation compared to traditional myoelectric prosthetics is its ability to provide ... and powered elbow. ref name KuikenEtal2005 To fully utilize the multiple signals provided by targeted ... KuikenEtal2005 Targeted Sensory Reinnervation Discovery Interestingly, targeted sensory reinnvervation ... sensory feedback. A piece of skin near or over the targeted muscle was denervated, thus the afferent ... throughout the targeted muscle the chest . ref name KuikenEtAl2007 A tuning fork was pressed ... in response to touch on the targeted chest skin. ref name KuikenEtAl2007 The lowest threshold ... motor experimental prosthesis mentioned above. ref name Kuiken2006 Targeted reinnervation could ... physical position. Further reading Wired News Report on Targeted Sensory Reinnervation http www.technologyreview.com ... T. Targeted reinnervation for improved prosthetic function. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2006 Feb ... more details
other uses Interventions infobox Name Therapy Image Caption ICD10 ICD9unlinked MeshID D013812 OPS301 OtherCodes Therapy in lang el , or treatment , is the attempted remediation of a health problem ... treatment . Among psychologists, the term may refer specifically to psychotherapy or talk therapy . Preventive therapy or prophylactic therapy is a treatment that is intended to prevent a medical ... therapy is a treatment that is intended to stop a medical condition from progressing any further. A medication ..., is an abortive therapy. A supportive therapy is one that does not treat or improve the underlying ... increase the risk of adverse effects. Patients sometimes compliance medicine quit a therapy because ... that cannot be cured are still treatable. Types of therapies By therapy composition Treatments ... , mesotherapy by medical device by gene gene therapy by gold chrysotherapy aurotherapy by hormone hormone therapy by organism biotherapy by virus virotherapy by bacteriophage phage therapy by maggot maggot therapy by ozone ozonotherapy by salt speleotherapy by serous fluid serum serotherapy by water ... electromagnetic therapy alternative medicine electromagnetic therapy by magnetic energy magnet therapy by light phototherapy by Mechanics mechanical manual therapy as massotherapy & therapy by exercise as in physiotherapy by sound Cymatic therapy , music therapy by radiation radiotherapy by temperature ... by education by physical therapy occupational therapy , Massage massage therapy , or acupuncture ... follow formal or informal algorithmic guidelines. A first line therapy sometimes called induction therapy or primary therapy ref http www.cancer.gov dictionary ?CdrID 346494 National Cancer Institute Dictionary of Cancer Terms first line therapy Retrieved July 2010 ref usually on the basis of clinical ... line therapy either fails to resolve the issue or produces intolerable side effects , additional ... date November 2011 See also Wiktionary therapy Classification of Pharmaco Therapeutic Referrals Cure ... more details
Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name Therapy? image Therapy311006.jpg caption Therapy? performing acoustically at HMV , Dublin on 31 October 2006 background group or band origin ... br Martin McCarrick br Graham Hopkins Therapy? is an alternative metal musical ensemble band from ... inspiration from diverse sources notably punk rock , Therapy? came to attention in the early 1990s ... at categorization... Therapy are still headbangers with their thinking caps screwed on tight. ref ... blockquote Although now vanished from the charts and wide media attention, Therapy? continue to release ... since 2004. Therapy? are currently signed to Blast Records , with worldwide distribution via Global Music . ref cite web url http www.therapyquestionmark.co.uk news read.php?newsid 229 title Therapy ... biography band a 1989 title Band Biography 1989 by Andy Cairns ref Therapy? released ... , Fugazi and Neds Atomic Dustbin . Therapy? quickly came to the attention of local music fans with their distinctively ... becoming Therapy? s trademark led them more towards the grunge camp than away from it. ref cite web ... almost certainly be 1993. The release of the Shortsharpshock EP catapulted Therapy? into the Top 40 ... Stories Therapy? song Stories and Loose Therapy? song Loose charting in the UK earlier in the year, it was clear that Therapy? had changed direction. Although the string laden single Diane Therapy ... 1996 by Andy Cairns ref After the tour wound up in mid 1996, Therapy? finally took a long break. They reconvened ... ref Image Szakacsi Therapy2.jpg right thumb 240px Therapy? in studio. Seattle 2001 L R Graham Hopkins ... McCarrick Therapy? recorded follow up record Shameless album Shameless in early 2001 in Seattle . The album ... Baxter drummer Keith Baxter . Hopkins was permanently replaced in Therapy? by ex The Beyond band The Beyond ... with the three piece Therapy? and was reminiscent of the claustrophobic sound of their earlier material .... ref name themetalforge.com On September 19, 2006, Therapy? performed an exclusive studio show of songs ... more details
Targeted drug delivery , sometimes called smart drug delivery , ref cite journal doi 10.1016 j.jbiotec.2004.06.007 ... concentration of the medication in some parts of the body relative to others. The goal of a targeted ... across a biological membrane , whereas the targeted release system is when the drug is released in a dosage form. The advantages to the targeted release system is the reduction in the frequency ... cost which makes productivity more difficult and the reduced ability to adjust the dosages. Targeted ... to a targeted diseased area within the body. This helps maintain the required plasma and tissue .... Targeted drug delivery seeks to concentrate the medication in the tissues of interest while ... can reach the intended site of action in higher concentrations. Targeted delivery is believed to improve efficacy while reducing Adverse reaction side effects . When implementing a targeted release ..., side effects of the drugs, the route taken for the delivery of the drug, the targeted site, and the disease ... with targeted drug delivery. Advances in the field of targeted drug delivery to cardiac tissue will be an integral component to regenerate cardiac tissue. ref name pmid18426386 There are two kinds of targeted drug delivery, active targeted drug delivery, such as some antibody medications and passive targeted drug delivery, such as the enhanced permeability and retention effect EPR effect . Delivery ... cite journal pages 459 70 doi 10.1517 17425247.5.4.459 title Aiming for the heart targeted delivery ... currently used for targeted drug delivery is the liposome . ref cite journal pages 117 24 doi 10.1053 ... ref cite journal pages 186 95 doi 10.1097 COC.0b013e318191bfb0 title Trastuzumab Based Therapy for Patients ... tissue as well as deliver their payload as a Time release technology controlled release therapy ... Holger journal Nature volume 459 pages 73 6 pmid 19424153 issue 7243 ref Applications Targeted drug ..., the most important application of targeted drug delivery is to treat cancerous tumor s. The American ... more details
Dablink This article is about a book. For the concept see Targeted killing good article Infobox book name Targeted Killing in International Law title orig translator image File Targeted Killing in International ... United Kingdom language English series Oxford Monographs in International Law subject Targeted killing ... Hardback pages 524 isbn 9780199533169 oclc 489257770 dewey congress preceded by followed by Targeted Killing in International Law is a book about the legality of targeted killing , written by Nils Melzer ... surrounding use of targeted killing as a government strategy by multiple countries including the United ... regarding the use of the tactic of targeted killing shifted to become more supportive. ref .... His dissertation dealt with targeted killing and his book serves as an updated and revised version ... Graduate Institute. Targeted Killing in International Law garnered positive reviews in publications ... Law . ref name schmitt In the chapter Targeted Killing in U.S. Counterterrorism Strategy and Law ... Kenneth Anderson recommends Targeted Killing in International Law as a quality resource on the subject ... Cross, Targeted Killing in International Law date 16 October 2008 publisher The Graduate Institute url ... news title OUP Melzer Targeted Killing in International Law author Oxford University Press work OUP ... Targeted Killing in International Law , Melzer had published on the subject in the form of a journal ... of Humanitarian International Law last Melzer first Nils title Targeted Killing or Less Harmful Means? &ndash Israel s High Court Judgment on Targeted Killing and the Restrictive Function of Military .... ref cite book last Melzer first Nils title Targeted Killing Under the International Normative ... Melzer s work in Targeted Killing in International Law was utilized in Section IX of the ICRC s Interpretive ... of Direct Participation in Hostilities ref Publication history Targeted Killing in International ... name oup ref cite book last Melzer first Nils title Targeted Killing in International Law date 29 ... more details
Image Example of Targeted Projection Pursuit.gif border framed alt An example of targeted projection pursuit In this example targeted projection pursuit is being used to explore projections of a gene expression data set. Each of the 122 points corresponds to a sample taken from a cancer tumor of four diagnostic classes represented by color . For each sample, the expression level of 100 genes was recorded represented by the axes . The animation shows that TPP is able to separate two of the classes clearly red and purple , but two others could not be distinguished blue and green . The position of the axes then indicates the activation of which genes are most associated with each class. Targeted projection pursuit is a type of statistical technique used for exploratory data analysis , information visualization , and feature selection . It allows the user to interactively explore very complex data typically having tens to hundreds of attributes to find features or patterns of potential interest. Conventional, or blind , projection pursuit , finds the most interesting possible projections in multidimensional data, using a search algorithm that optimizes some fixed criterion of interestingness such as deviation from a normal distribution . In contrast, targeted projection pursuit allows the user to explore the space of projections by manipulating data points directly in an interactive scatter plot. Targeted projection pursuit has found applications in DNA microarray data analysis, ref cite journal last Faith first Joseph coauthors Robert Mintram and Maia Angelova title Targeted Projection ... Papers 320274 Targeted Projection Pursuit for Interactive Exploration of High Dimensional Data Sets Targeted Projection Pursuit for Interactive Exploration of High Dimensional Data Sets , Proceedings ... projects imdev imDEV free Excel add in for targeted projection pursuits using feature selection coupled with PLS and PLS DA http code.google.com p targeted projection pursuit Targeted Projection Pursuit ... more details
Magnetic targeted carriers are tiny bead s made from particles of iron and carbon that can be attached to an anticancer drug . A magnet applied from outside the body then can direct the drug to the tumor site. This can keep a larger dose of the drug at the tumor site for a longer period of time, and help protect healthy tissue from the side effects of chemotherapy . External links http www.cancer.gov Templates db alpha.aspx?CdrID 45089 Magnetic targeted carrier entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms NCI cancer dict Category Routes of administration oncology stub ... more details
In the course of the Israeli Palestinian conflict , the term focused foiling targeted prevention http ... is used by the Israel Defense Forces IDF to describe the targeted killing of a person with proven intentions ..., the Supreme Court of Israel ruled that targeted killing is a legitimate form of self defense against ... 02 690 007 a34 02007690.a34.htm Summary of Israeli Supreme Court Ruling on Targeted Killings Dec 14, 2006 ref Strike methods and well known targeted killings Strike methods Expand section date January ... out many of the targeted killings, due to its ability to shoot guided munitions Many strikes have ... infiltrate areas known to harbor targeted individuals, and eliminate their assigned targets with small ... Thabet in 2001. ref Stahl, Adam The Evolution of Israel Targeted Operations Consequences of the Thabet ... was too large to be politically acceptable. Citation needed date August 2011 Targeted killings Main Targeted killing Some of the targeted killings by the Israeli military were Hamas leaders Mahmoud ... March 2004 , Abdel Aziz al Rantissi April 2004 and Adnan al Ghoul October 2004 , all targeted in the Al Aqsa Intifada . ref Stahl, Adam. Questioning the Efficacy of Israeli Targeted Killings Against ... Hamas founder targeted in Gaza airstrike accessdate 27 March 2012 work CNN date 6 September 2003 ref ... Ahmed Yassin ref While the term targeted killing usually describes airborne attacks, Israeli security ..., Objectives of a Targeted Killing ref Operation Wrath of God against Black September group Black September .... Ha Aretz Daily Archives . March 23, 2004 ref Possible targeted killing Mahmoud al Mabhouh , a senior ... ref ref cite web url http abcnews.go.com Blotter israels greatest hits dubai history targeted killing now story?id 9856671 author Mark Schone title Israel s Greatest Hits Before Dubai, a History of Targeted ... ratio The civilian casualty ratio of the targeted killings was surveyed by Haaretz military journalist .... ref name dersh cite news url http www.huffingtonpost.com alan dershowitz targeted killing is worki ... more details
The Targeted Export Assistance Program TEA is a program authorized by the Food Security Act of 1985 P.L. 99 198 to assist U.S. producer groups in promoting exports of products adversely affected by foreign governments unfair trade practices. TEA is the predecessor of the Market Promotion Program MPP , which was succeeded by the Market Access Program MAP in 1996. References CRS article Report for Congress Agriculture A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition url http ncseonline.org nle crsreports 05jun 97 905.pdf author Jasper Womach External links www.fas.usda.gov mos programs mapprog.html website . Category United States Department of Agriculture agencies ... more details
Acoustic targeted drug delivery ATDD is a method that uses ultrasound energy to enhance the transport of molecule s into and or across specific Tissue biology tissue s. Generally this class of ultrasound energy falls under the class of therapeutic ultrasound , and ranges in ultrasonic frequencies of 1 20MHz and Sound intensity s of 0 30 watts cm sup 2 sup ref cite web url http scitation.aip.org vsearch servlet VerityServlet?KEY ASADL&smode strresults&sort rel&maxdisp 25&threshold 0&pjournals ARLOFJ 2CJASMAN 2CNOCOAN 2CSOUCAU 2CPMARCW 2CASASTR&possible1 george lewis&possible1zone article&OUTLOG NO&viewabs JASMAN&key DISPLAY&docID 1&page 0&chapter 0 title Lewis Jr. et al. 2007 Acoustic targeted drug delivery in neurological tissue ref The use of ATDD in conjunction with local drug delivery by Injection medicine injection , topical application and convection enhanced delivery shows promise to significantly enhance the treatment of various diseases in the human body by specifically targeting the drug into the tissue. ref cite web url http www.acoustics.org press 154th lewis.html title Lewis Jr. et al. 2007 Acoustic chemotherapy and brain cancer ref How ATDD works Focused ultrasound similar to High intensity focused ultrasound , but at much lower powers is applied to tissues in conjunction with the local application of pharmological agent. The ultrasound source or transducer is pulsed on and off, and moved in a defined pattern to sonicate the tissue of interest. The pulsing of the ultrasound serves two purposes 1. to agitate the tissue matrix by extending and compressing it , and 2. to keep the tissue from absorbing to much energy and ablating it or causing necrosis . The manual movement of the transducer allows for control of the sonicated volume of tissue and where the drug may penetrate more readily. ref cite web url http www.ieeexplore.ieee.org xpl freeabs all.jsp?isnumber 4400869&arnumber 4400886&count 67&index 16 title Lewis Jr. et al. 2007 A phantom feasibility study ... more details
Orphan date March 2011 unreferenced date October 2010 Muscleworks therapy is a hybrid of all the holistic therapies neuromuscular therapy , active release therapy, and myofascial release therapy . Pain starts when muscle tissue stiffens up and gets stuck to its surrounding environment which restricts movement within the fascia muscle and its wrapping . Through muscleworks therapy, the cause of pain is targeted and relieved by un sticking, stretching and loosening connective tissue muscle and its wrapping , with the goal of better alignment, ease of movement and greater vitality. References Reflist Category Alternative medical treatments ... more details
ref improve date February 2012 In Pakistan , targeted killing s have been a rising form of violence and have contributed to security instability in the country. They have become common and have gained attention especially in Karachi , Pakistan s largest city and economic capital and also in Quetta , the capital of the southern province of Balochistan, Pakistan Balochistan . Police and law enforcement agencies have sometimes come under criticism for their ineffectiveness in locating the perpetrators and investigating their motives. For most part, targeted killings in Karachi have been attributed to political, religious and ethnic reasons. ref name gp Cause of target killing in Karachi GoPak ref The victimes of target killings in Quetta are mainly the Hazara people Hazara ethnic minority, roughly about 500,000 in the city. Background Karachi is a cosmopolitan city and consists of many ethnic communities the city s Demographics of Karachi demographics play an important role in its Politics of Karachi politics . Ethnic politics have resulted in sporadic violence throughout Karachi s history, often leading to bloody conflicts. Following the Partition of India and the Pakistan Movement independence of Pakistan in 1947, Muslim immigrants from areas constituting modern day India migrated in large numbers to the newly created Muslim nation of Pakistan and became settled in Karachi, the historical capital of the Sindh province. These migrants had educated, middle class to upper class backgrounds and came from cultured families they came to be known as Muhajir people Muhajir meaning immigrant . They dominated much of Karachi s businesses, something which was resented by a portion of the province s native Sindhi people and radical Sindhi nationalism Sindhi nationalists . ref name daily After the breakaway of East Pakistan in 1971 and the formation of Bangladesh , Pakistan accepted a large number of Biharis known as Stranded Pakistanis loyal to the country, trapped in Bangladesh ... more details
plans to replace the subsidies with targeted social assistance . Consequences of the economic ... . Retrieved October 13, 2010. ref Finally, the subsidy plan will increase social justice through targeted ... classic detail.aspx?id 110912§ionid 3510303 title Targeted Subsidies in Iran ... of the targeted subsidy system will eradicate economy of Iran Labor and welfare unemployment ... support system away from subsidies and toward better targeted social safety nets, and this has brought ... more details
Photothermal therapy PTT is an experimental use of electromagnetic radiation most often in the form of infrared that is proposed to treat various medical conditions, including cancer . The basic model for its use is derived in part from photodynamic therapy , in which a photosensitizer is excited with specific band light. This activation brings the sensitizer to an excited state where it then releases vibrational energy heat . The heat is the actual method of therapy that kills the targeted cells. Unlike photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy does not require oxygen to interact with the target cells or tissues. Current studies also show that photothermal therapy is able to use longer wavelegth light, which is less energetic and therefore less harmful to other cells and tissues. Some research has indicated problems with aggregation of the photosensitizers , local shock waves, hyperthermic effects, but otherwise little phototoxicity . Many of the side effects and complications, as well as the potential applications of photothermal therapy, are unknown. Recent Study One of the biggest recent successes in photothermal therapy is the use of gold nanoparticles. Spherical gold nanoparticles absorptions have not been optimal for in vivo applications. This is because the peak absorptions have been limited to 520 nm for 10 nm diameter silicon nanoparticles to only 580 nm for gold nanoparticles approximately 100 nm in diameter. Skin, tissues, and hemoglobin have a transmission window from 650 nm up to 900 nm with a peak transmission at approximately 800 nm Near infrared window in biological tissue known as the Near Infrared Window . This was solved ... but are being extended. See also Photomedicine Light Therapy Hyperthermia therapy Experimental cancer treatment Unproven cancer therapy References http www.news medical.net ?id 20963 www.news medical.net Category Medical physics Category Photochemistry Category Medical treatments Category Light therapy ... more details
Therapy is the attempted remediation of a health problem, and it may refer to Psychotherapy seealso List of therapies Therapy may also refer to Therapy Kellerman novel Therapy Kellerman novel , by Jonathan Kellerman Therapy Lodge novel Therapy Lodge novel , by David Lodge Therapy? , a band from Northern Ireland Therapy Loudon Wainwright III album Therapy Loudon Wainwright III album Therapy James Whild Lea album Therapy James Whild Lea album Therapy EP Therapy EP , by Diatribe Therapy Infectious Grooves song Therapy Infectious Grooves song Therapy T Pain song Therapy T Pain song Therapy , a song by Heltah Skeltah from their 1996 album Nocturnal Heltah Skeltah album Nocturnal Therapy , a song by Axium from Blindsided Therapy , a song by All Time Low from their 2009 album Nothing Personal album Nothing Personal disambiguation it Therapy ru uk ... more details
Group Therapy may refer to Group Therapy group , a hip hop supergroup Group Therapy Concrete Blonde album Group Therapy Concrete Blonde album , 2002 Group Therapy Above & Beyond album Group Therapy Above & Beyond album , 2011 Group Therapy Dope album Group Therapy Dope album , 2003 Group psychotherapy , a form of psychotherapy disambiguation it Group Therapy ... more details
Bowen therapy may refer to Bowen technique , a remedial massage technique founded by Tom Bowen Bowen therapy, a psychoanalytic therapy devised by Murray Bowen disambig ... more details
Compression therapy may refer to Attachment therapy , a loosely identified category of mental health interventions Cold compression therapy , to reduce pain and swelling from a sports or activity injury disambig ... more details
Medref date January 2010 Adjuvant therapy , also called adjuvant care , is treatment that is given in addition ... in cancer therapy have led the term to be used mainly to describe adjuvant cancer treatments. An example of adjuvant therapy is the additional treatment ref MeshName Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ref usually ... treatment is not technically adjuvant. Adjuvant cancer therapy For example, radiotherapy or systemic therapy is commonly given as adjuvant treatment after surgery for breast cancer . Systemic therapy consists of chemotherapy , immunotherapy or biological response modifiers or hormone therapy ... adjuvant therapy. The aim of adjuvant treatment is to improve disease specific symptoms ..., it is accepted that a proportion of patients who receive adjuvant therapy will already have been cured by their primary surgery. Adjuvant systemic therapy and radiotherapy are often given following ... from adjuvant therapy, however. Such cancers include renal cell carcinoma , and certain forms of brain cancer . Neoadjuvant therapy Neoadjuvant therapy , in contrast to adjuvant therapy, is given before the main treatment. For example, systemic therapy that is given before removal of a breast is considered neoadjuvant chemotherapy . The most common reason for neoadjuvant therapy is to reduce the size of the tumor so as to facilitate more effective surgery. Concomitant or concurrent systemic therapy Finally, concomitant or concurrent systemic therapy refers to administering medical treatments at the same time as other therapies, such as radiation. Adjuvant hormonal therapy is given after prostate ... ones, may outweigh the risk of recurrence. In breast cancer, adjuvant therapy may consist ... , and methotrexate and radiotherapy, especially after lumpectomy , and hormonal therapy tamoxifen, femara . Adjuvant therapy in breast cancer is used in stage one and two breast cancer following ... therapy, recurrence occurs in 1 3 months Citation needed date December 2009 . Adjuvant therapy does ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
