correct ?? ImageFileL1 Taurine.svg ImageSizeL1 125px ImageFileR1 Taurine 3D balls.png ImageSizeR1 125px ImageFile2 Taurine 3D vdW.png ImageSize2 150px ImageSize IUPACName 2 aminoethanesulfonic ... PregCat US Taurine , or 2 aminoethanesulfonic acid , is an organic acid widely distributed in animal ... 0.1 of total human body weight. Taurine has many fundamental biological roles such as conjugation ... nervous system . Taurine is unusual among biological molecules in being a sulfonic acid , while ... taurine is sometimes called an amino acid, and indeed is an acid containing an amino group, it is not an amino ... both an amino and a carboxyl group. Discovery and etymology Taurine is named after the Latin taurus ... Structure Taurine is a derivative of cysteine , an amino acid which contains a Thiol sulfhydryl group. Taurine is one of the few known naturally occurring sulfonic acid s. In the strict sense, it is not an amino ... taurine? journal Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition volume 22 issue 1 pages 42 8 url http ... of Taurine by Human Neutrophils journal Journal of Clinical Investigation volume 70 issue 3 pages ... Kirk first2 J year 1993 title Volume regulatory taurine release from a human heart cancer cell line ... have been identified which contain taurine, but to date no aminoacyl tRNA synthetase has been identified as specifically recognizing taurine and capable of incorporating it into a Transfer RNA tRNA . ref cite journal last Lahdesmaki first P year 1987 title Biosynthesis of taurine peptides ... 10.3109 00207458708991804 ref Sources Dietary intake Taurine occurs naturally in food, especially ..., taurine intake was estimated to be generally less than 200 mg day, even in individuals eating a high meat diet. According to another study, taurine consumption was estimated to vary between 40 and 400 mg day. ref name ref9 cite web author title Opinion on Caffeine, Taurine and D Glucurono ... fs sc scf out22 en.html ref Biosynthesis Taurine is a major constituent of bile and can be found in the large ... more details
enzyme Name taurine dehydrogenase EC number 1.4.99.2 CAS number 50812 14 1 IUBMB EC number 1 4 99 2 GO code 0050323 image width caption In enzymology , a taurine dehydrogenase EC number 1.4.99.2 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction taurine H sub 2 sub O acceptor math rightleftharpoons math sulfoacetaldehyde NH sub 3 sub reduced acceptor The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are taurine , water H sub 2 sub O , and Electron acceptor acceptor , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are sulfoacetaldehyde , ammonia NH sub 3 sub , and reduced acceptor . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH NH2 group of donors with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is taurine acceptor oxidoreductase deaminating . This enzyme is also called taurine acceptor oxidoreductase deaminating . This enzyme participates in nitrogen metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Kondo H, Kagotani K, Oshima M, Ishimoto M date Tokyo title Purification and some properties of taurine dehydrogenase from a bacterium journal J. volume Biochem. pages 1269&ndash 78 pmid 4724302 issue 6 1.4 enzyme stub Category EC 1.4.99 Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Taurina deidrogenasi ja ... more details
enzyme Name taurine dioxygenase EC number 1.14.11.17 CAS number IUBMB EC number 1 14 11 17 GO code 0000908 image width caption In enzymology , a taurine dioxygenase EC number 1.14.11.17 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction taurine 2 oxoglutarate O sub 2 sub math rightleftharpoons math sulfite aminoacetaldehyde succinate CO sub 2 sub The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are taurine , 2 oxoglutarate , and oxygen O sub 2 sub , whereas its 4 product chemistry products are sulfite , aminoacetaldehyde , succinate , and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with 2 oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into each donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is taurine, 2 oxoglutarate O2 oxidoreductase sulfite forming . Other names in common use include 2 aminoethanesulfonate dioxygenase , and alpha ketoglutarate dependent taurine dioxygenase . This enzyme participates in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism . It has 3 cofactor biochemistry cofactors iron , Ascorbate , and Fe2 . Structural studies As of late 2007, 4 tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 1GQW , PDB link 1GY9 , PDB link 1OS7 , and PDB link 1OTJ . References reflist 1 cite journal author Eichhorn E, van der Ploeg JR, Kertesz MA, Leisinger T date 1997 title Characterization of alpha ketoglutarate dependent taurine dioxygenase from Escherichia coli journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 272 pages 23031&ndash 6 pmid 9287300 doi 10.1074 jbc.272.37.23031 issue 37 1.14 enzyme stub Category EC 1.14.11 Category Iron enzymes Category Ascorbate enzymes Category Fe2 enzymes Category Enzymes of known structure it Taurina diossigenasi ja ... more details
enzyme Name taurine transporting ATPase EC number 3.6.3.36 CAS number IUBMB EC number 3 6 3 36 GO code 0015411 image width caption In enzymology , a taurine transporting ATPase EC number 3.6.3.36 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP H sub 2 sub O taurineout math rightleftharpoons math ADP phosphate taurinein The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are adenosine triphosphate ATP , water H sub 2 sub O , and taurine , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are adenosine diphosphate ADP , phosphate , and taurine . This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolase s, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides to catalyse transmembrane movement of substances. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP phosphohydrolase taurine importing . References reflist 1 cite journal author MA, Leisinger T year 1996 title Identification of sulfate starvation regulated genes in Escherichia coli a gene cluster involved in the utilization of taurine as a sulfur source journal J. Bacteriol. volume 178 pages 5438&ndash 46 pmid 8808933 last2 Weiss first2 MA last3 Saller first3 E last4 Nashimoto first4 H last5 Saito first5 N last6 Kertesz first6 MA last7 Leisinger first7 T issue 18 pmc 178364 Category EC 3.6.3 Category Enzymes of unknown structure Category Article Feedback 5 hydrolase stub ... more details
enzyme Name taurine 2 oxoglutarate transaminase EC number 2.6.1.55 CAS number 9076 52 2 IUBMB EC number 2 6 1 55 GO code 0050322 image width caption In enzymology , a taurine 2 oxoglutarate transaminase EC number 2.6.1.55 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction taurine 2 oxoglutarate math rightleftharpoons math sulfoacetaldehyde L glutamate Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are taurine and 2 oxoglutarate , whereas its two product chemistry products are sulfoacetaldehyde and L glutamate . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferase s, specifically the transaminases , which transfer nitrogenous groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is taurine 2 oxoglutarate aminotransferase . Other names in common use include taurine aminotransferase , taurine transaminase , taurine alpha ketoglutarate aminotransferase , and taurine glutamate transaminase . This enzyme participates in beta alanine metabolism . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , pyridoxal phosphate . References reflist 1 cite journal author Toyama S, Misono H, Soda K date 1972 title Crystalline taurine ketoglutarate aminotransferase from Achromobacter superficialis journal Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. volume 46 pages 1374&ndash 9 pmid 5012173 doi 10.1016 S0006 291X 72 80127 X issue 3 cite journal author Cook AM, Denger K date 2002 title Dissimilation of the C2 sulfonates journal Arch. Microbiol. volume 179 pages 1&ndash 6 pmid 12471498 doi 10.1007 s00203 002 0497 0 issue 1 transferase stub Category EC 2.6.1 Category Pyridoxal phosphate enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name taurine pyruvate aminotransferase EC number 2.6.1.77 CAS number IUBMB EC number 2 6 1 77 GO code 0031299 image width caption In enzymology , a taurine pyruvate aminotransferase EC number 2.6.1.77 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction taurine pyruvate math rightleftharpoons math L alanine 2 sulfoacetaldehyde Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are taurine and pyruvate , whereas its two product chemistry products are L alanine and 2 sulfoacetaldehyde . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferase s, specifically the transaminases , which transfer nitrogenous groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is taurine pyruvate aminotransferase . This enzyme is also called Tpa . This enzyme participates in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Laue H, Cook AM date 2000 title Biochemical and molecular characterization of taurine pyruvate aminotransferase from the anaerobe Bilophila wadsworthia journal Eur. J. Biochem. volume 267 pages 6841&ndash 8 pmid 11082195 doi 10.1046 j.1432 1033.2000.01782.x issue 23 cite journal author Cook AM, Denger K date 2002 title Dissimilation of the C2 sulfonates journal Arch. Microbiol. volume 179 pages 1&ndash 6 pmid 12471498 doi 10.1007 s00203 002 0497 0 issue 1 cite journal author Masepohl B, Fuhrer F, Klipp W date 2001 title Genetic analysis of a Rhodobacter capsulatus gene region involved in utilization of taurine as a sulfur source journal FEMS. Microbiol. Lett. volume 205 pages 105&ndash 11 pmid 11728723 doi 10.1111 j.1574 6968.2001.tb10932.x issue 1 transferase stub Category EC 2.6.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name tauropine dehydrogenase EC number 1.5.1.23 CAS number 104645 74 1 IUBMB EC number 1 5 1 23 GO code 0050325 image width caption In enzymology , a tauropine dehydrogenase EC number 1.5.1.23 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction tauropine NAD sup sup H sub 2 sub O math rightleftharpoons math taurine pyruvate NADH H sup sup The 3 product biochemistry products of this enzyme are tauropine , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup , and water H sub 2 sub O , whereas its 4 substrate chemistry substrates are taurine , pyruvate , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , and hydrogen ion H sup sup . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH NH group of donors with NAD or NADP as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is N2 D 1 carboxyethyl taurine NAD oxidoreductase taurine forming . This enzyme is also called 2 N D 1 carboxyethyl taurine NAD oxidoreductase taurine forming . References reflist 1 cite journal author Gade G date 1986 title Purification and properties of tauropine dehydrogenase from the shell adductor muscle of the ormer, Haliotis lamellosa journal Eur. J. Biochem. volume 160 pages 311&ndash 8 pmid 3769931 doi 10.1111 j.1432 1033.1986.tb09973.x issue 2 1.5 enzyme stub Category EC 1.5.1 Category NADH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Tauropina deidrogenasi ja ... more details
cattle of Europe, north eastern Asia, and parts of Africa &ndash they are referred to in this list as taurine ... animals , and some of these are related so closely to taurine and indicus cattle that inter species ... date August 2008 These breeds are used for multiple purposes. Taurine cattle Bos taurus Abondance ... beef Hybrids Afrikaner cattle Afrikaner Afrikander Dairy beef Brahmousin Taurine Zebu hybrid Beef draught Coste o con Cuernos Taurine Zebu hybrid Beef draught Hybridmaster Taurine Zebu hybrid Dairy beef Israeli Red Taurine Zebu hybrid Dairy beef Jamaica Black Taurine Zebu hybrid Dairy beef Karan Swiss Taurine Zebu hybrid Dairy beef Madura cattle Banteng Zebu hybrid Dairy beef draught racing Nguni cattle Nguni Taurine Zebu hybrid Dairy beef Sanhe cattle Sanhe Taurine Mongolian type hybrid Dairy beef draught Selembu Cattle gayal hybrid Dairy beef Siboney cattle Siboney Taurine Zebu hybrid Beef draught Xingjiang Brown Taurine Mongolian type hybrid Dairy beef draught Used for dairy Image Brown ... used for their milk, in the production of dairy . Taurine cattle Bos taurus Abigar Agerolese Alderney ... of beef . Taurine cattle Bos taurus Alberes Angus cattle Angus Aubrac cattle Asturian ... cows and calves Expand list date August 2008 Adaptaur Taurine zebu hybrid Africangus Taurine zebu hybrid Afrikaner cattle Afrikaner Taurine zebu hybrid American cattle American Taurine zebu hybrid Amerifax Taurine zebu hybrid Australian Braford Taurine zebu hybrid Australian Brangus Taurine zebu hybrid Australian Charbray Taurine zebu hybrid Balancer Taurine zebu hybrid Barzona Taurine zebu hybrid Belmont Red Taurine zebu hybrid Beefmaker Taurine zebu hybrid Beefalo cattle American Bison hybrid Beefmaster Taurine zebu hybrid Bonsmara Taurine zebu hybrid Brahmousin Taurine zebu hybrid Braford Taurine zebu hybrid Brangus Taurine zebu hybrid Canchim Taurine zebu hybrid Charbray Taurine zebu hybrid Droughtmaster Taurine zebu hybrid Gelbray Taurine zebu hybrid Greyman Cattle Taurine zebu hybrid ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 443865475 ImageFile Hypotaurine.png ImageSize 180px ImageName Skeletal formula ImageFile1 Hypotaurine 3D balls.png ImageName1 Ball and stick model IUPACName 2 Aminoethanesulfinic acid OtherNames Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 96959 KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg KEGG C00519 InChI 1 C2H7NO2S c3 1 2 6 4 5 h1 3H2, H,4,5 InChIKey VVIUBCNYACGLLV UHFFFAOYAM StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C2H7NO2S c3 1 2 6 4 5 h1 3H2, H,4,5 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey VVIUBCNYACGLLV UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 300 84 5 PubChem 107812 UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII 5L08GE4332 ChEBI Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEBI 57853 SMILES O S O CCN Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 2 sub H sub 7 sub NO sub 2 sub S MolarMass 109.15 g mol Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Hypotaurine is a sulfinic acid that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of taurine . Like taurine, it also acts as an endogenous neurotransmitter via action on the glycine receptor s. See also Alanine Glycine Serine Taurine References Unreferenced date August 2009 Reflist 2 Neurotransmitters Glycinergics Category Amines Category Sulfinic acids organic compound stub fa ja sr Hipotaurin ... more details
PBB geneid 6533 Sodium and chloride dependent taurine transporter is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A6 gene . ref name pmid8010975 cite journal author Ramamoorthy S, Leibach FH, Mahesh VB, Han H, Yang Feng T, Blakely RD, Ganapathy V title Functional characterization and chromosomal localization of a cloned taurine transporter from human placenta journal Biochem J volume 300 issue 3 pages 893 900 year 1994 month Jul pmid 8010975 pmc 1138249 doi ref ref name pmid8382624 cite journal author Jhiang SM, Fithian L, Smanik P, McGill J, Tong Q, Mazzaferri EL title Cloning of the human taurine transporter and characterization of taurine uptake in thyroid cells journal FEBS Lett volume 318 issue 2 pages 139 44 year 1993 month Mar pmid 8382624 pmc doi 10.1016 0014 5793 93 80008 I ref ref ..., taurine , member 6 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch ... A, et al. title Molecular cloning of the cDNA for an MDCK cell Na and Cl dependent taurine transporter ... Y, Liou GI, Sprinkle TJ title Isolation of a cDNA encoding a taurine transporter in the human retinal ... H, Shimizu M title Tumor necrosis factor alpha stimulates taurine uptake and transporter gene expression ... Transcriptional repression of taurine transporter gene TauT by p53 in renal cells journal J. Biol ... journal author Han X, Chesney RW title Regulation of taurine transporter gene TauT by WT1 journal ... cite journal author Roos S, Powell TL, Jansson T title Human placental taurine transporter in uncomplicated ... calmodulin dependent protein kinase II is involved in hyperosmotic induction of the human taurine ... of the human taurine transporter by TNF alpha and an anti inflammatory function of taurine in human ... involved in tumor necrosis factor alpha induced upregulation of the taurine transporter in Caco ... taurine transporter by oxidative stress in retinal pigment epithelial cells stably transformed ..., Speake PF, et al. title Taurine transporter in fetal T lymphocytes and platelets differential expression ... more details
File Lipovitan D .jpg thumb The original Lipovitan D D for the Japanese market nihongo Lipovitan ripobitan , marketed in English speaking countries under the name Libogen and Livita , is an energy drink manufactured by Taisho Pharmaceutical and its licensees such as http www.osotspa.com Osotspa . Widely available in East Asia, it retails in brown 100 ml bottles. The drink has a distinctive bright yellow coloring and is marketed to alleviate physical and mental fatigue. The prime ingredient is taurine . A full line of Lipovitan products are sold in Japan, including stronger versions such as the Lipovitan D Super which contains 2000 mg of taurine and 300 mg of arginine , and MAXIO which contains 3000 mg of taurine. Its introduction predates Red Bull , having been first released in 1962. ref cite web url http www.taisho.co.jp lipovitan museum history index.html title The Museum of Lipovitan D publisher Taisho Pharmaceutical accessdate 2012 04 30 language Japanese ref Arginine is the main active ingredient in the modified Red Bull sold in Japan. References reflist External links commonscat http www.catalog taisho.com taisho p.nsf WebSearchEdit AN?OpenAgent&SHKEY 000001 Company website http www.taisho.co.jp lipovitan museum Products website Ja icon http www.lipovitan.com Company website En icon Es icon http www.energy.pulse.de dosen lipovitand.html Info De icon Category Energy drinks Category Japanese beverages nonalcoholic drink stub de Lipovitan ja D zh ... more details
enzyme Name hypotaurine dehydrogenase EC number 1.8.1.3 CAS number 37256 46 5 IUBMB EC number 1 8 1 3 GO code 0047822 image width caption In enzymology , a hypotaurine dehydrogenase EC number 1.8.1.3 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction hypotaurine H sub 2 sub O NAD sup sup math rightleftharpoons math taurine NADH H sup sup The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are hypotaurine , water H sub 2 sub O , and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are taurine , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , and hydrogen ion H sup sup . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on a sulfur group of donors with NAD or NADP as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is hypotaurine NAD oxidoreductase . This enzyme participates in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism . It has 2 cofactor biochemistry cofactors heme , and Molybdenum . References reflist 1 cite journal author Sumizu K date 1962 title Oxidation of hypotaurine in rat liver journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta volume 63 pages 210&ndash 212 doi 10.1016 0006 3002 62 90357 8 pmid 13979247 1.8 enzyme stub Category EC 1.8.1 Category NADH dependent enzymes Category Heme enzymes Category Molybdenum enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Ipotaurina deidrogenasi ja ... more details
enzyme Name glycine N choloyltransferase EC number 2.3.1.65 CAS number 74506 32 4 IUBMB EC number 2 3 1 65 GO code 0047963 image width caption In enzymology , a bile acid CoA amino acid N acyltransferase EC number 2.3.1.65 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction choloyl CoA glycine math rightleftharpoons math CoA glycocholate Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are choloyl CoA and glycine , whereas its two product chemistry products are coenzyme A CoA and glycocholate . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferase s, specifically those acyltransferase s transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is choloyl CoA glycine N choloyltransferase . Other names in common use include glycine taurine N acyltransferase , amino acid N choloyltransferase , BAT , glycine N choloyltransferase , BACAT , cholyl CoA glycine taurine N acyltransferase , and cholyl CoA taurine N acyltransferase . This enzyme participates in bile acid biosynthesis and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Czuba B, Vessey DA date 1980 title Kinetic characterization of cholyl CoA glycine taurine N acyltransferase from bovine liver journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 255 pages 5296&ndash 9 pmid 7372637 issue 11 cite journal author Jordan TW, Lee R and Lim WC date 1980 title Isoelectric focussing of soluble and particulate benzoyl CoA and cholyl CoA amino acid N acyltransferases from rat liver journal Biochem. Int. volume 1 pages 325&ndash 330 cite journal author Vessey DA date 1979 title The co purification and common identity of cholyl CoA glycine and cholyl CoA taurine N acyltransferase activities from bovine liver journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 254 pages 2059&ndash 63 pmid 422567 issue 6 cite journal author Johnson MR, Barnes S, Kwakye JB, Diasio RB date 1991 title Purification and characterization of bile acid CoA amino acid N acyltransferase from human liver journal J. Biol. ... more details
Infobox Beverage name TEHO image File 400px Teho energiajuoma.jpg 155px A can of TEHO Energy drink type Energy drink manufacturer Olvi origin Finland introduced 2005 ref http www.olvi.fi web fi 31 Olvi TEHO Energiajuoma ref discontinued related variants TEHO is an energy drink manufactured by Olvi company of Finland . Teho is Finnish language Finnish and means efficiency or power in English. It contains caffeine , taurine , guarana , maltodextrose and a small amount of B vitamins . TEHO was first brought to the market in 2005 and was the third most sold energy drink in Finland in 2007. ref ACNielsen, January 2007 ref Flavours TEHO TEHO Omena Sitrus, apple citrus flavour 2009 TEHO Kevyt, a sugar free version discontinued 2008, brought back in 2009 with a new recipe ref http www.olvi.fi web fi uutuudet ref TEHO Energiashotti, energy shot 2010 TEHO Kevyt Kola, sugar free cola flavour discontinued 2007 TEHO Energiavesi Sitruuna, lemon flavoured mineral water with ingredients found in energy drinks 2010 Ingridients Carbohydrates , fat , protein , niacin , pantothenic acid , vitamin B2 , vitamin B6 , vitamin B12 , caffeine , taurine . ref http www.olvi.fi web en 39 Olvi TEHO Energy drink ref References references External links http www.teho opisto.fi Category Energy drinks Category Finnish beverages Finland stub nonalcoholic drink stub fi Teho energiajuoma ... more details
enzyme Name chenodeoxycholoyltaurine hydrolase EC number 3.5.1.74 CAS number 125752 75 2 IUBMB EC number 3 5 1 74 GO code 0047742 image width caption In enzymology , a chenodeoxycholoyltaurine hydrolase EC number 3.5.1.74 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction chenodeoxycholoyltaurine H sub 2 sub O math rightleftharpoons math chenodeoxycholate taurine Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are chenodeoxycholoyltaurine and water H sub 2 sub O , whereas its two product chemistry products are chenodeoxycholate and taurine . This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolase s, those acting on carbon nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is chenodeoxycholoyltaurine amidohydrolase . This enzyme participates in bile acid biosynthesis . References reflist 1 cite journal author Kawamoto K, Horibe I, Uchida K date Tokyo title Purification and characterization of a new hydrolase for conjugated bile acids, chenodeoxycholyltaurine hydrolase, from Bacteroides vulgatus journal J. volume Biochem. pages 1049&ndash 53 pmid 2628421 issue 6 hydrolase stub Category EC 3.5.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase EC number 2.3.3.15 CAS number IUBMB EC number 2 3 3 15 GO code 0050487 image width caption In enzymology , a sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase EC number 2.3.3.15 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction acetyl phosphate sulfite math rightleftharpoons math 2 sulfoacetaldehyde phosphate Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are acetyl phosphate and sulfite , whereas its two product chemistry products are 2 sulfoacetaldehyde and phosphate . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferase s, specifically those acyltransferases that convert acyl groups into alkyl groups on transfer. The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl phosphate sulfite S acetyltransferase acyl phosphate hydrolysing, 2 oxoethyl forming . This enzyme is also called Xsc . This enzyme participates in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Ruff J, Denger K, Cook AM date 2003 title Sulphoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase yields acetyl phosphate purification from Alcaligenes defragrans and gene clusters in taurine degradation journal Biochem. J. volume 369 pages 275&ndash 85 pmid 12358600 doi 10.1042 BJ20021455 issue Pt 2 pmc 1223080 transferase stub Category EC 2.3.3 Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Sulfoacetaldeide acetiltransferasi ... more details
production of taurine . ref cite journal first Kurt last Kosswig title Sulfonic Acids, Aliphatic ... that heart tissue may be capable of converting taurine to isethionic acid, further experiments demonstrated that this tissue may synthetize taurine from cystine . ref cite journal author W.O Read and J.D.Welty year 1961 title Synthesis of Taurine and Isethionic Acid by Dog Heart Slices journal ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date April 2009 The California Academy of Tauromaquia is a school of instruction for toreo , or Spanish style bullfighting. Founded in 1996 by Coleman Cooney, it is the first school of its kind in the United States . The academy is dedicated to providing instruction in the art and craft of toreo to people from outside the taurine culture. The school has enjoyed considerable success, training people of all ages and from around the world in the discipline of tauromaquia, and has been featured in over 200 publications world wide. External links http www.bullfightschool.com California Academy of Tauromaquia Category Bullfighting schools es Academia de Tauromaquia de California ... more details
Semtex may mean Semtex , a general purpose plastic explosive produced in the Czech Republic Semtex album , a 1996 album by The Third Eye Foundation Semtex drink , a taurine containing energy drink manufactured in the Czech Republic Semtex Films , a film production company headed by Madonna entertainer Madonna the first production was Madonna s The Confessions Tour album The Confessions Tour Live from London TV special in 2006. Semtex Magazine , an online indie hc punk magazine from Belgium DJ Semtex , a BBC hip hop disc jockey and producer from the UK Paul Daley , a British mixed martial artist with the nickname Semtex. disambig ... more details
Image Weebeastie.jpg thumb Wee Beastie in large 700ml and small 275ml bottles Wee Beastie was a brand of alcopop , as it is commonly referred to. It is part of the RTD ready to drink market and is popular in Scotland. It is available in 275ml and 700ml bottles. The 700ml bottles are labelled Big Beastie . Wee Beastie is owned and distributed by Inver House Distillers. The drink is described as a carbonated , premixed blend of vodka , taurine and caffeine , flavoured raspberry and blackcurrant . The taste is similar to Red Bull . This drink has now been discontinued and is no longer being produced. Category Premixed alcoholic beverages Category Alcopop mixed drink stub ... more details
ref Calcium dependent efflux of the osmolyte Taurine . Extracellular calcium removal was found to prevent Taurine efflux by 50 , and removal of extracellular Ca sup 2 sup and simultaneous depletion ... Olivero P, Stutzin A. title Calcium modulates osmosensitive taurine efflux in HeLa cells journal Neurochem ... Osmolyte Myo Inositol Taurine and Taurine transporting ATPase Creatine Betaines Trimethylglycine A Betaine ... more details
for the date rape drug more commonly known as GHB Gamma Hydroxybutyric acid Orphan date November 2006 att April 2012 Infobox Beverage name Liquid X image Image Wuteva 018.jpg 250px type Energy drink manufacturer distributor LIQUID X ENERGY DRINK LLC origin Amsterdam introduced 2001 colour Black colour Black , Green colour Green related Mountain Dew AMP , Rockstar drink Rockstar , Monster Energy Liquid X is a brand of energy drink originally developed in Amsterdam for the rave scene. Liquid X has a citrus taste that can be related to the taste of Mountain Dew AMP . Energy Ingredients Damiana Extract 40 mg Horny Goat Weed Extract also known as an Epimedium plant 30 mg Ginseng Extract 25 mg Yohimbe Extract 25 mg Taurine 600 mg Flavors Regular Sugar Free Coming Soon References Reviews http www.bevnet.com reviews liquidx Ingredients http www.bevnet.com reviews liquidx facts.asp 1227 Website www.DrinkLiquidX.com Category Energy drinks ... more details
An energy mint is a mint candy that is designed to give the consumer a burst of energy through a combination of energy enhancing ingredients. Energy mints commonly contain caffeine , taurine , various forms of ginseng , vitamin B B vitamins , or other herbal ingredients. Some contain high levels of sugar, while a few are sugar free . These mints are popular among young people, computer programmer s, gamer s, and student s. According to the Wall Street Journal February 13, 2008 , energy mints are part of a relatively new and rapidly expanding Energy Candy trend. Major brand names in North America include Ed Hardy Energy Mints, Penguin Mints , Revive Energy Mints , Bawls mints , VoJo Energy Mints image http www.thinkgeek.com images products front vojomints.jpg and YJ Stingers Mints. October 2011, Energy Mints were introduced in India, named as POW Energy Mints. confection stub Category Brand name confectionery Category Breath mints Category Energy food products ... more details
dablink This article is about a cattle breed The Bonsmara is a cross breed of cattle known for its high quality beef. Originating in South Africa as a scientific experiment of professor Jan Bonsma, the Bonsmara was created after many criss cross matings consisting of 5 8 Afrikaner Sanga cattle Sanga type , 3 16 Hereford and 3 16 Shorthorn animals both Bos taurus taurine type . See also Beef cattle External links http www.bonsmara.org.ar Bonsmara Cattle Breeders Association of Argentina http www.bonsmara.co.za Bonsmara Cattle Breeders Society of South Africa http www.bonsmaranamibia.com Bonsmara Breeders Association of Namibia http www.bonsmara.org.au Bonsmara Cattle Breeders Association of Australia http www.bonsmarabrasil.com.br Bonsmara Cattle Breeders Association of Brazil http bonsmara action.co.za Gorba Bonsmaras Bonsmara Breeder Beef DEFAULTSORT Bonsmara Category Beef cattle breeds Category Cattle breeds originating in South Africa fr Bonsmara pt Bonsmara ... more details
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