term to indicate rank is used. Ranks in botany There are definitions of the following taxonomic ... the taxonomicrank assigned by present day taxonomists. ref name Gingerich1987 cite doi 10.1139 ...Biological classification In biological classification , rank is the level the relative position in a taxonomy taxonomic hierarchy . Examples of taxonomic ranks are species , genus , family biology family , and Class biology class . Each rank subsumes under it a number of less general categories. The rank ... Code of Zoological Nomenclature defines rank as blockquote The level, for nomenclatural purposes, of a taxon in a taxonomic hierarchy e.g. all families are for nomenclatural purposes at the same rank, which lies between superfamily and subfamily ref International Commission on Zoological ... as belonging to an indefinite number of taxa of consecutively subordinate rank, among which the rank of species species is basic. In his landmark publications, such as the Systema Naturae , Carolus Linnaeus used a ranking scale limited to kingdom, class, order, genus, species, and one rank ... into an indefinite number of ranks. There are seven main taxonomic ranks kingdom, phylum or division .... class wikitable style margin 0 auto colspan 4 align center bgcolor C1CDC1 Main taxonomic ranks ... colspan 2 species A taxon is usually assigned a rank when it is given its formal name. The basic rank is that of species. The next most important rank is that of genus when an organism is given a species ... important rank, although it was not used by Linnaeus, is that of family. The species name is sometimes ... taxonomic ranks in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature superfamily, family, subfamily ... to some extent to those above the rank of superfamily. In the genus group and species group ... lower , to the rank. For example infra order below suborder or infra family below subfamily . Names of zoological taxa A taxon above the rank of species gets a scientific name in one part a uninominal ... more details
a ranking A level within a taxonomic hierarchy Taxonomicrank in biology species, genus, family, etc. An achieved level of performance or credential Academic rank Social class or social rank Dan rank , a Japanese mark of level, used in modern fine arts and martial arts Go ranks and ratings , skill in the traditional board game Go See Video game journalism for video game rank Diplomatic rank Position within a command hierarchy requiring obedience Military rank Police rank Fire service rank Nobility , ranks of nobility and peerage Catholic Church hierarchy Mathematics Rank linear algebra , rank of a matrix Rank of a tensor Rank of a Vector bundle Rank of an abelian group See Cartan subgroup for rank of a Lie group Rank set theory Rank graph theory Rank differential topology Rank into rankRank of a matroid , the maximal size of an independent set Rank of a greedoid , the maximal size of a feasible set Rank of a free module Ranking where values are replaced by their ranking when the data are sorted. Rank test disambiguation Mean reciprocal rank Ranking chart Rank computer programming Rank J programming language Rank type theory PageRank , assigns a numerical weighting to each element ...Rank refers to the relative position, value, worth, complexity, power, importance, authority, level etc. of a person or object, including Wiktionary rank Wikisource1911Enc rankRank chess , a row of the chessboard Rank of pipes in a pipe organ Taxicab stand or taxi rank, a designated area for taxi cabs to queue up whilst waiting for passengers Rank formation Military term for a line of soldiers Rank ... separates useful webpages from spam People named Rank J. Arthur Rank, 1st Baron Rank 1888 1972 , British industrialist and film producer Otto Rank 1884 1939 , Austrian psychoanalyst, writer, teacher and therapist Places Rank, Nepal Others RANK , a type I membrane protein The Rank Group plc, European gaming and leisure business Rank Organisation , a British entertainment company formed in 1937, now ... more details
Taxonomic inflation is a pejorative term for what is perceived to be an excessive increase in the number of recognised taxa in a given context, due not to the discovery of new taxa but rather to putatively arbitrary changes to how taxa are delineated. The best known case is the elevation of a group of subspecies to species rank, through the arbitrary decision that the differences between the various taxa warrant distinguishing them at species rank. Taxonomic inflation is often claimed to occur for Conservation ethic conservation reasons. It may be difficult to make a case for the protection of an isolated and unusual population of a common and widespread species, but it becomes much easier to do so if that population is recognised as a rare subspecies or species. ref name Isaac 2004 cite journal author Isaac, Nick Mallet, James Mace, Georgina year 2004 title Taxonomic inflation its influence on macroecology and conservation journal TRENDS in Ecology and Evolution volume 19 issue 9 pages 464 469 url http www.ucl.ac.uk taxome jim pap isaac04.pdf accessdate 2011 02 23 ref ref name Economist cite journal title Hail Linnaeus journal The Economist issue May 17, 2007 url http www.economist.com node 9191545?story id 9191545 accessdate 2011 02 23 ref References reflist Category Taxonomy ... more details
PBB geneid 8792 Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor B RANK , also known as TRANCE Receptor, is a type I membrane protein that is expressed on the surface of osteoclasts and is involved in their activation upon ligand binding. RANK is also expressed on dendritic cell s and facilitates immune signaling. RANKL Receptor Activator for NF B Nuclear Factor B Ligand is found on the surface of stromal cell s, osteoblast s, and T cell s. ref name pmid10368775 cite journal author Suda T, Takahashi N, Udagawa ... pmid11861618 cite journal author Theill LE, Boyle WJ, Penninger JM title RANK L and RANK T cells, bone ... pmid 11861618 doi 10.1146 annurev.immunol.20.100301.064753 ref Interactions RANK has been shown to Protein ... containing RANK, TAB2, and TRAF6 journal Mol. Cell. Biol. volume 22 issue 4 pages 992 1000 publisher ... kappaB RANK . Interaction with tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factors and activation of NF .... title Activation of NF kappaB by RANK requires tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor TRAF ... References Reflist External links MeshName RANK Protein Further reading refbegin 2 PBB Further reading ... roles of the OPG RANK RANKL system in bone oncology. journal Expert Rev Anticancer Ther volume 7 issue ..., Xing L title Biology of RANK, RANKL, and osteoprotegerin. journal Arthritis Res. Ther. volume 9 Suppl ... domain of receptor activator of NF kappaB RANK . Interaction with tumor necrosis factor ... cite journal author Nakagawa N, Kinosaki M, Yamaguchi K, et al. title RANK is the essential ... author Darnay BG, Ni J, Moore PA, Aggarwal BB title Activation of NF kappaB by RANK requires tumor ... Tumor necrosis factor receptor family member RANK mediates osteoclast differentiation and activation ..., Glaccum M, Charrier K, et al. title RANK is essential for osteoclast and lymph node development. journal ..., affecting the signal peptide of RANK, cause familial expansile osteolysis. journal Nat. Genet. volume ... yes update summary no update citations yes de RANK es RANK ... more details
A taxonomic database is a database created to hold information related to biological taxon taxa for example groups of organisms organized by species species name or other taxonomic identifier for efficient data management and information retrieval as required. Today, taxonomic databases are routinely ... of biodiversity informatics . Goal The goal of a taxonomic database is or should be to accurately ... in both cases modelling the relevant Biological classification taxonomic hierarchy for any taxon ..., author, and for zoological taxa year of original publication , a taxonomic database may frequently incorporate additional taxonomic information such as synonyms and taxonomic opinions, literature sources ... Possibly the earliest documented management of taxonomic information in computerised form comprised the taxonomic coding system developed by Richard Swartz et al. at the Virginia Institute of Marine ... Cite book author Swartz, RC., Wass ML., Boesch DF. title A taxonomic code for the biota of the Chesapeake ... profile including the NODC Taxonomic Code system ref name NODCTaxonomicCode cite web url http www.nodc.noaa.gov General CDR detdesc taxonomic v8.html accessdate 2009 08 06 title NODC Taxonomic ... into the still current Integrated Taxonomic Information System ITIS . A number of other taxonomic ... concentrates on assembling basic name information as a global species checklist, numerous other taxonomic ... descriptions, illustrations, maps, and more. Many taxonomic database projects are currently listed ... of the World database ref . Issues The representation of taxonomic information in machine encodable ... to these and related problems since 1985 is the Taxonomic Database Working Group . See also List of biodiversity databases Database Biological classification Biodiversity informatics Taxonomic Database Working Group Integrated Taxonomic Information System Catalogue of Life http www.eu nomen.eu ... TDWG Taxonomic Database Working Group website Category Catalogues Category Information science ... more details
In set theory , a branch of mathematics , a rank into rank is a large cardinal satisfying one of the following four axiom s commonly known as rank into rank embeddings, given in order of increasing consistency strength Axiom I3 There is a nontrivial elementary embedding of V sub sub into itself. Axiom I2 There is a nontrivial elementary embedding of V into a transitive class M that includes V sub sub where is the first fixed point above the critical point set theory critical point . Axiom I1 There is a nontrivial elementary embedding of V sub 1 sub into itself. Axiom I0 There is a nontrivial elementary embedding of L V sub 1 sub into itself with the critical point below . These are essentially the strongest known large cardinal axioms not known to be inconsistent in ZFC the axiom for Reinhardt cardinal s is stronger, but is not consistent with the axiom of choice . If j is the elementary embedding mentioned in one of these axioms and is its critical point set theory critical point , then is the limit of math j n kappa math as n goes to . More generally, if the axiom of choice holds, it is provable that if there is a nontrivial elementary embedding of V sub sub into itself then is either a limit ordinal of cofinality or the successor of such an ordinal. The axioms I1, I2, and I3 were at first suspected to be inconsistent in ZFC as it was thought possible that Kunen s inconsistency theorem that Reinhardt cardinal s are inconsistent with the axiom of choice could be extended to them, but this has not yet happened and they are now usually believed to be consistent. Every I0 cardinal speaking here of the critical point of j is an I1 cardinal. Every I1 cardinal is an I2 cardinal and has a stationary set of I2 cardinals below it. Every I2 cardinal is an I3 cardinal and has a stationary set of I3 cardinals below it. Every I3 cardinal has another I3 cardinal above it and is an n huge cardinal for every n . Axiom I1 implies that V sub 1 sub equivalently ... more details
Robert Brown botanist Robert Brown s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra was the first arrangement of what is now Banksia ser. Dryandra Banksia ser. Dryandra . His initial arrangement was published in 1810, and a further arrangement, including an infrageneric classification, followed in 1830. Aspects of Brown ... genus, having been published at that rank in 1810 by Robert Brown botanist Robert Brown . In 2007 ... for these groups to be given subgenus rather than sectional rank, ref name Brown 1830 cite book ..., when Carl Meissner published Meissner s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra his arrangement . In the interim ... in Bentham s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra his 1870 arrangement , placing D. falcata within ..., Alex George published George s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra a new arrangement . He revived ... subgeneric rank, and Eudryandra was replaced by the autonym botany autonym ic subgenus Dryandra subg. Dryandra D. subg. Dryandra . Aphragma was retained, but demoted to series rank within subgenus ... circumscription of Banksia , they transferred Dryandra into Banksia at series rank, so as to cause minimal ... 71 doi 10.1071 SB06016 ref References reflist See also Brown s taxonomic arrangement of Banksia Brown s taxonomic arrangement of Banksia Meissner s taxonomic arrangement of Banksia Meissner s taxonomic arrangement of Banksia Meissner s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Meissner s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Bentham s taxonomic arrangement of Banksia Bentham s taxonomic arrangement of Banksia Bentham s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Bentham s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra George s taxonomic arrangement of Banksia George s taxonomic arrangement of Banksia George s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra George s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Thiele and Ladiges taxonomic arrangement of Banksia Thiele and Ladiges taxonomic arrangement of Banksia Category 1910 introductions Category 1930 introductions Category Banksia ser. Dryandra Brown s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Category ... more details
Image Flora Australiensis V5 title page.jpg thumb right George Bentham s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra was first published in Volume V of Flora Australiensis . George Bentham s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra now Banksia ser. Dryandra B. ser. Dryandra was published in 1870, in Volume 5 of Bentham s Flora Australiensis . ref name Bentham 1870 cite encyclopedia author George Bentham Bentham, George year 1870 title Dryandra encyclopedia Flora Australiensis volume Volume 5 Myoporineae to Proteaceae pages 562 584 location London publisher L. Reeve & Co. ref It replaced Meissner s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra the 1856 arrangement of Carl Meissner , and stood for over a century before being replaced by George s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra the 1996 arrangement of Alex George . Background seealso Banksia ser. Dryandra The dryandras are a group of proteaceae proteaceous shrubs endemic to southwest Western Australia . For nearly two hundred years they were considered a separate genus, having been published at that rank in 1810 by Robert Brown botanist Robert Brown . In 2007 it was transferred into the genus Banksia as B. ser. Dryandra . There are now just under 100 species, plus numerous subspecies and varieties. The first infrageneric arrangement of Dryandra was Brown s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Brown s 1810 arrangement , which listed 13 species, but did not attempt an infrageneric classification. ref name Brown 1810 cite book last Brown first Robert ... location London publisher Taylor ref Twenty years later, Brown published Brown s taxonomic arrangement ... pages 37 40 publisher Taylor location London ref This was followed by Meissner s taxonomic arrangement ... back into Dryandra . ref name Bentham 1870 George Bentham s 1870 taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra ... the accepted arrangement of Dryandra 126 years. It was finally replaced in 1996 by George s taxonomic ... rank, so as to minimise disruption to the nomenclature. Thus the infrageneric arrangement of Dryandra ... more details
Carl Meissner s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra , now Banksia ser. Dryandra Banksia ser. Dryandra , was published in 1856 as part of his chapter on the Proteaceae in A. P. de Candolle s Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis . ref name Meissner 1856 XLIV cite encyclopedia editor A. P. de Candolle de Candolle, A. P. year 1856 encyclopedia Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis volume XIV author Carl Meissner Meissner, Carl title XLIV. Dryandra pages 467 481 location Paris publisher Sumptibus Sociorum Treuttel et Wurtz ref ref name Meissner 1856 XLV cite encyclopedia editor A. P. de Candolle de Candolle, A. P. year 1856 encyclopedia Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis volume XIV author Carl Meissner Meissner, Carl title XLV. Hemiclidia pages 481 482 location Paris publisher Sumptibus Sociorum Treuttel et Wurtz ref It replaced Brown s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra the 1830 arrangement of Robert Brown botanist Robert Brown , and remained current until superseded by Bentham s taxonomic arrangement of Banksia the 1870 arrangement of George Bentham . Background seealso Banksia ser. Dryandra The dryandras are a group of proteaceae proteaceous shrubs endemic ... genus, having been published at that rank in 1810 by Robert Brown botanist Robert Brown . In 2007 it was transferred ... s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Brown s 1810 arrangement , which listed 13 species, but did not attempt ... location London publisher Taylor ref Twenty years later, Brown published Brown s taxonomic arrangement ... 1856 XLV Meissner s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra may be summarised as follows ref name Meissner ... it was superseded by Bentham s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra George Bentham s arrangement as published ... George s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra a revised arrangement , resurrecting Brown s Dryandra sect. Diplophragma Diplophragma at subgenus rank, and also Meissner s series Dryandra ser. Marginatae ... , so as an interim measure they transferred Dryandra at series rank, so as to minimise disruption ... more details
In statistics , a rank test is any Statistical hypothesis testing test involving ranking rank s. Examples include Wilcoxon signed rank test Kruskal Wallis one way analysis of variance Mann Whitney U special case Page s trend test Friedman test Rank product s disambig ... more details
wikispecies Becker The surname Becker , taken as a taxonomic authority, may refer to Alexander K. Becker 1818 1901 , a botanist Herman F. Becker 1907 1985 , a paleobotanist Johann Becker entomologist 1932 2004 , a Brazilian entomologist Johannes Becker 1769 1833 , a botanist L on Becker 1826 1909 , an arachnologist Uwe Becker , a botanist & lichenologist Wilhelm Becker botanist 1876 1928 , a botanist See also Becker disambiguation Taxonomic authority disambiguation ... more details
Carl Meissner s taxonomic arrangement of Banksia was published in 1856, as part of his chapter on the Proteaceae in A. P. de Candolle s Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis . ref name Meissner 1856 cite encyclopedia author Carl Meissner Meissner, Carl year 1856 chapter Proteaceae editor A. P. de Candolle de Candolle, A. P. encyclopedia Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis volume 14 location Paris publisher Sumptibus Sociorum Treuttel et Wurtz ref It was the first attempt to provide an infrageneric classification for the genus, aside from Robert Brown botanist Robert Brown s publication of two subgenera in 1810. Meissner s arrangement stood until 1870, when it was superseded by Bentham s taxonomic arrangement of Banksia the arrangement of George Bentham . Meissner s arrangement was an excellent survey of the known species at that time, but his infrageneric taxa were all highly heterogeneous. ref name George 1981 The genus Banksia L.f. Proteaceae ref Background seealso Banksia Taxonomy of Banksia Banksia is a genus of around 80 species in the plant family Proteaceae . An iconic Australia n wildflower and popular garden plant , they are recognised by their flower spikes or domes, and their fruiting cones . They grow in forms varying from prostrate woody shrub s to trees up to 35 metres tall, and occur in all but the most arid areas of Australia. As heavy producers of nectar plant nectar , they are important sources of food for nectariferous animals such as honeyeater s and honey possum , and they are of economic importance to the nursery horticulture nursery and floristry cut flower industries. However they are seriously threatened by a number of processes .... The most recent taxonomic arrangement, which had stood since 1830, was Brown s taxonomic arrangement ... Brown s subgenera, but demoted them to sectional rank. He then further divided Eubanksia into four ... three series were heterogeneous. ref name George 1981 Meissner s taxonomic arrangement of Banksia ... more details
Driver Dvr was a military rank used in the British Army and the armies of other Commonwealth of Nations Commonwealth countries. It was equivalent to the rank of Private rank Private . The rank was initially used in the Royal Artillery for the men who drove the teams of horses which pulled the guns. It was phased out after the First World War when all Royal Artillerymen of the lowest rank were redesignated as Gunner rank Gunners . It was also used in the Royal Australian Artillery and Royal Canadian Artillery . It was also used by all the Private equivalents of the Royal Army Service Corps and later the Royal Corps of Transport , no matter what their trade. When the RCT amalgamated to form the Royal Logistic Corps in 1993 the rank finally disappeared from the British Army. Category Military ranks of the British Army Category Military ranks of Australia Category Military ranks of Canada ... more details
of the transfer. Thus George s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra was set aside. ref name Mast ... in 2005 these taxa thus retain their original, and now invalid, names. George s 1999 taxonomic arrangement ... B. bipinnatifida References reflist See also Brown s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Brown s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Meissner s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Meissner s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Bentham s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Bentham s taxonomic ... 1996 introductions Category Banksia ser. Dryandra George s taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra Category ... more details
In mathematical logic , Morley rank , introduced by harvs txt yes authorlink Michael D. Morley first ... T with a model M . The Morley rank of a formula defining a definable subset S of M is an ordinal ... rank at least for some ordinal . The Morley rank is at least 0 if S is non empty. For a successor ordinal, the Morley rank is at least if in some elementary extension N of M , S has countably many disjoint definable subsets S sub i sub , each of rank at least &minus 1. For a non zero limit ordinal, the Morley rank is at least if it is at least for all less than . The Morley rank is then defined to be if it is at least but not at least 1, and is defined .... For a subset of a model M defined by a formula the Morley rank is defined to be the Morley rank of in any &alefsym sub 0 sub saturated elementary extension of M . In particular for &alefsym sub 0 sub saturated models the Morley rank of a subset is the Morley rank of any formula defining the subset. If defining S has rank , and S breaks up into no more than n subsets of rank ... rank 0. A formula with Morley rank 1 and Morley degree 1 is called strongly minimal theory strongly ... minimal. Morley rank and strongly minimal structures are key tools in the proof of Morley s categoricity ... rank &minus 1, and conversely anything of Morley rank &minus 1 is empty. A subset has Morley rank ... closed field K , then the Morley rank of V is the same as its usual Krull dimension . The Morley ... dimension are linear spaces. The ordinal &omega sup &alpha sup has Morley rank &alpha when considered as an ordered set. The rational numbers, considered as an ordered set, has Morley rank &infin ... Zilber conjecture Group of finite Morley rank U rank References Alexandre Borovik , A. Nesin, Groups of finite Morley rank , Oxford Univ. Press 1994 B. Hart http www.msri.org publications books Book39 ..., New York, 2000. Contains a formal definition of Morley rank. David Marker http www.msri.org publications ... more details
For the separate terms rank and file in chess Chess terminology For the chess notation system assigning letters to files and numbers to ranks Algebraic chess notation wiktionary The rank and file are the individual members of a political organization or labor union , exclusive of its leadership. The phrase originated in the military, denoting the horizontal ranks and vertical files of individual foot soldiers, exclusive of the officer military officers and is still sometimes used to refer to the bulk of lower ranking troops. ref cite web title rank and file publisher Dictionary.com, LLC url http dictionary.reference.com browse rank and file accessdate 2011 03 04 ref The rank and file movement is a blanket term for informal left leaning groups among British trade unionists, generally strenuously opposed to and by the union hierarchies and often facing expulsion. See also Union democracy References Reflist Category Military terminology Category Political terms Category Rank and file labor unions Mil stub Politics stub de Rank and File ... more details
A memory rank is a set of DRAM DRAMs connected to the same chip select , and which are therefore accessed simultaneously. In practice they also share all of the other command and control signals, and only the data pins for each DRAM are separate but the data pins are shared across ranks . The term rank was created and defined by JEDEC , the memory industry standards group. On a DDR SDRAM DDR , DDR2 SDRAM DDR2 , or DDR3 SDRAM DDR3 DIMM memory module , each rank has a 64 bit wide data bus with an optional extra 8 bit ECC RAM ECC on some DIMMs . The number of physical DRAMs depends on their individual widths. For example, a rank of x8 8 bit DRAMs would consist of 8 physical chips plus one for ECC , but a rank of x4 4 bit DRAMs would consist of 16 physical chips plus two for ECC . Multiple ranks can coexist on a single DIMM, and modern DIMMs can consist of one rank single rank , two ranks dual rank , four ranks quad rank , or eight ranks octal rank . There is little difference between a dual rank Unbuffered memory UDIMM and two single rank UDIMMs in the same memory channel, other than that the DRAMs reside on different Printed circuit board PCBs . The electrical connections between the memory controller and the DRAMs are almost identical with the possible exception of which chip selects go to which ranks . Increasing the number of ranks per DIMM increases memory density in the channel, but does not enhance performance too many ranks in the channel can cause excess loading and decrease the speed of the channel. DRAM load can be lessened by using registered memory . Memory operations to a single rank are generally faster than memory operations that span ranks, as individual ranks have different flight times and may require the memory controller to insert small delays when switching between ranks. However, modern memory controllers attempt to spread memory operations across ranks for power and thermal reasons. See also Memory geometry comp stub Category Computer memory ... more details
Infobox Defunct Company company name The Rank Organisation company logo Image rank organisation green logo.jpeg type Public company Public slogan fate Acquired successor The Rank Group foundation 1937 ... Rank, 1st Baron Rank J. Arthur Rank Chairman products num employees parent subsid The Rank Organisation ... 1937 and folded in 1996 by The Rank Group The Rank Group Plc . It was the largest and most vertical ... Hugged . Origin J. Arthur Rank, 1st Baron Rank J. Arthur Rank was already a wealthy industrialist through his father s flour Mill grinding milling business, Rank Hovis McDougall Joseph Rank Ltd , when ... Methodist beliefs. From these modest origins, the British film company emerged in 1937 as Rank ... the early 1980s By the late 1940s J Arthur Rank or the Rank Organisation as it was now called , owned ... later Rank Film Distributors , including the UK distribution rights to Universal Pictures Rank ... Holiday Camp and Muriel Box The Seventh Veil . The Company of Youth, the Rank Organisation acting school ... of the school, Petula Clark was under contract to Rank for a period of time and starred in a number ... flops in British film history. Also under contract to Rank was the Canadian actor Philip Gilbert ... and filmed performances by The Royal Ballet . Diversification In 1949 a financial crisis forced the Rank ... 1960s Rank took over Murphy Radio to form the Rank Bush Murphy Group , which was eventually ... Collection website ref . J. Arthur Rank stepped down as Managing Director of the Rank Organisation ... John Davis the Rank Organisation closed Independent Producers Ltd. and Denham Studios, and consolidated all of its film production at Pinewood Studios . In 1956 Rank began a partnership with the Haloid Corporation to form Rank Xerox . Rank was also a significant shareholder in the consortium which ... 1950s, Rank set up Rank Records Ltd. the record label was named Top Rank and Jaro Records a jazz subsidiary . In 1961, Top Rank was taken over by EMI , and in 1962 they replaced it with Stateside ... more details
A Trumpeter abbreviation Tptr is a regiment specific, descriptive name given to Private rank Privates in the British Army . It is used for trumpet ers in the Household Cavalry and was formerly used in all other cavalry regiments. See also Private rank United Kingdom Private United Kingdom for other specific names given to Privates Trumpet Major Category Cavalry Category Military ranks of the British Army mil rank stub ... more details
unreferenced date September 2007 British & Commonwealth Army Gunner Gnr is a military rankrank equivalent to Private rank Private in the British Army Royal Artillery and the artillery corps of other Commonwealth of Nations Commonwealth armies. The next highest rank is usually Lance Bombardier , although in the Royal Canadian Artillery it is Bombardier rank Bombardier . Category Military ranks of the British Army Category Military ranks of the Commonwealth Category Artillery speciality mil rank stub Monuments There is a bronze statue of a Gunner called The Ammunition Carrier as part of the Royal Artillery Memorial in Hyde Park Corner , commemorating the Royal Artillery Royal Artillery Regiment s service and memorializing its losses in World War One . The other bronze figures are The Captain at the front , The Driver at the left side , and The Fallen Soldier at the rear and it is topped with an elevated stone howitzer. The statues were done by Charles Sargeant Jagger and the stone monument was designed by Lionel Pearson. Literature The Gunner statue, along with the Officer, the Bombardier and the Unknown Soldier, are characters in Charlie Fletcher s Stoneheart . ... more details
or police rank. In the French, Spanish, Irish and Monegasque armed forces it is a rank equivalent to major . In South Africa for most of the second half of the 20th century, commandant was a rank ... Irish is a military rank in both the Irish Army and Irish Air Corps . It is equivalent to major or squadron leader in other armed forces . In the Irish Naval Service , the equivalent rank is lieutenant commander . gallery Image IE Army OF3.png Irish Army commandant s subdued rank slide File IE Aircorps OF3.png Irish Air Corps rank insignia gallery France File French Air Force commandant.svg ... a captain commanding a battalion , is an officer grade rank of the Military of France , specifically ... . Commandant is also the style, but not the rank, of the senior officers of the French ... as a commissar, not an officer. The officer at commandant rank level was the chef de bataillon or chef d escadron . Major is now, however, the most senior warrant officer rank, above adjudant chef . File ... , the rank of comandante is senior to a captain and junior to a lieutenant colonel, making it equivalent to the rank of major or squadron leader in English speaking countries. Latin America Comandante commandant is a military officer rank used in some Latin America n countries. Citation needed date August 2009 The Chilean Air Force uses the rank of comandante de escuadrilla squadron commandant as a rank equivalent to the British rank of squadron leader. The Peruvian Air Force uses the rank of comandante ... into English either as commandant or as commander . The rank may also be found in numerous paramilitary organizations, such as the Sandinistas . The rank comandante en jefe , commandant in chief or commander in chief may be found in the nation of Cuba as a supreme military rank held by Ra l Castro . The rank ... File Fach escu.gif Chilean Air Force squadron commandant rank insignia epaulette File Comandante de Escuadrilla FACH .png Chilean Air Force squadron commandant rank insignia sleeve gallery South Africa ... more details
Infobox Company company name The Rank Group plc company logo Image rank group logo.png 200px company ... http www.rank.com www.rank.com The Rank Group plc lse RNK is a European Gambling gaming and leisure ... . History The company was formed to acquire the business interests of the Rank Organisation which itself was formed out of the business interests of its founder, J. Arthur Rank . ref http www.rank.com about chronology Rank Group Chronology ref Until the start of the 21st century, the group still had ... in Pinewood Studios ref http findarticles.com p articles mi hb6695 is ai n26421235 Rank sells UK s flagship ... news business news rank sells odeon cinema chain to cinven for pound280m 725235.html Rank sells Odeon ... share in Rank Xerox, selling Rank Leisure Machine Services to Gametec plus all its Butlins , Warner ... id 2 Rank to sell Butlin resorts ref They then sold off their nightclub division Rank Entertainment as well as their share of interest in Universal Studios Florida and disposed of their vast Rank film library to Carlton Communications with whom they had recently also sold their Rank Advertising Film Division. In December 2005, as Rank sold Deluxe Entertainment Services Group Inc. Deluxe Film formerly Rank Film Laboratories for 400m, it effectively ended their sixty year association with the film and cinema business. ref http www.independent.co.uk news business news final gong as rank plans to part with filmmaking arm 551328.html Final gong as Rank plans to sell film making arm ref This meant Rank Leisure had become focussed on their gaming operations with their remaining businesses interests concentrating on Grosvenor and G Casinos, Top Rank and Mecca Clubs, and online gaming through Rank Interactive after the company acquired the Blue Square gaming business in 2003. ref http www.casinocitytimes.com news article.cfm?contentID 126840 UK Rank buys Blue Square ref Finally leaving all non gaming leisure behind, in December 2006, Rank sold the Hard Rock business, excluding the London ... more details
The rank product is a biologically motivated test for the detection of differentially Gene expression expressed genes in replicated DNA microarray microarray experiments. It is a simple Non parametric statistics non parametric statistical method based on ranking ranks of fold changes. In addition to its use in expression profiling , it can be used to combine ranked lists in various application domains, including proteomics , metabolomics , statistical meta analysis , and general feature selection . Calculation of the rank product Image Rank product.png thumb right 225px Filled circles represent ranks of one gene in the different replicates. The rank product for this gene would be 2× 1× 4× 2 sup 1 4 sup 2 Given n genes and k replicates, let math e g,i math be the fold change and math r g,i math the rank of gene g in the i th replicate. Compute the rank product via the geometric mean math RP g Pi i 1 kr g,i 1 k math Determination of significance levels Simple permutation based estimation is used to determine how likely a given RP value or better is observed in a random experiment. generate p permutation s of k rank lists of length n . calculate the rank products of the n genes in the p permutations. count how many times the rank products of the genes in the permutations are smaller or equal to the observed rank product. Set c to this value. calculate the average expected value for the rank product by math mathrm E mathrm RP g c p math . calculate the percentage of false positives as math mathrm pfp g mathrm E RP g mathrm rank g math where math mathrm rank g math is the rank of gene g in a list of all n genes sorted by increasing math mathrm RP math . References Breitling, R., Armengaud, P., Amtmann, A., and Herzyk, P. 2004 Rank Products A simple, yet powerful, new method to detect differentially regulated genes in replicated microarray experiments, FEBS Letters, 573 83 92 Category Gene expression Category Meta analysis Category Non parametric statistics ... more details
Given an math m times n math matrix mathematics matrix math A math of rank linear algebra rank math r math , a rank decomposition or rank factorization of math A math is a product math A CF math , where math C math is an math m times r math matrix and math F math is an math r times n math matrix. Every finite dimensional matrix has a rank decomposition Let math A math be an math m times n math matrix whose column rank is math r math . Therefore, there are math r math linearly independent columns in math A math equivalently, the dimension of the column space of math A math is math r math . Let math c 1,c 2, ldots,c r math be any basis linear algebra basis for the column space of math A math and place ... F math . rank math A math rank math A text T math An immediate consequence of rank factorization is that the rank of math A math is equal to the rank of its transpose math A text T math . Since the columns of math A math are the rows of math A text T math , the column rank of math A math equals its row rank . Proof To see why this is true, let us first define rank to mean column rank. Since math ... the column space of math F text T math and, hence, rank math A text T math rank math F text T math . Now ... T math and, hence, rank math A text T math math r math rank math A math . This proves that rank math A text T math rank math A math . Now apply the result to math A text T math to obtain the reverse inequality since math A text T text T math math A math , we can write rank math A math rank math A text T text T math rank math A text T math . This proves rank math A math rank math A text T math . We have, therefore, proved rank math A text T math rank math A math and rank math A math rank math A text T math , so rank math A math rank math A text T math . Also see the first proof of column rank row rank under rank linear algebra rank . Rank Factorization from Row Echelon Forms In practice, we can construct one specific rank factorization as follows we can compute math B math , the row echelon ... more details
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