The Pomodoro Technique is a time management method developed by Francesco Cirillo in the late 1980s. ref name Cirillo cite book author Cirillo, Francesco title The Pomodoro Technique isbn 1445219948 url http www.pomodorotechnique.com resources ThePomodoroTechnique v1 3.pdf accessdate 2011 05 08 ref The technique ... the technique decide on the task to be done set the pomodoro timer to 25 minutes work on the task ... and visualizing are fundamental to the technique. In the planning phase tasks are prioritized ... data for subsequent self observation and improvement. ref name Cirillo For the purposes of the technique ... aim of the technique is to reduce the impact of internal and external interruptions on Focus ... first Staffan title Pomodoro Technique Illustrated publisher Pragmatic Bookshelf location Raleigh, N.C ..., the technique inspired Pomodoro technique software software applications for a variety of platforms ... technique or how a tomato made me more productive title The Pomodoro Technique, or how a tomato ... d FYJceblAMC at Hack 29 ref perhaps because of the technique s following amongst software developers Citation needed date July 2011 . Name The Pomodoro Technique is named after the tomato shaped kitchen timer that was first used by technique creator Francesco Cirillo when he was a university student ... title FAQ The Pomodoro Technique publisher Pomodorotechnique.com date 2010 06 28 accessdate 2010 10 ... book.html The Pomodoro Technique by Francesco Cirillo http www.pomodorotechnique.com resources ... doc 36672147 La Tecnica del Pomodoro The Pomodoro Technique ITA Free PDF of Francesco Cirillo s book ... Pomodoro Technique Illustrated The Easy Way to Do More in Less Time. Pragmatic Programmers, Raleigh, N.C., 2009, ISBN 978 1934356500 External links http www.pomodorotechnique.com The Pomodoro Technique ... Blog Blog dedicated to Pomodoro Technique http itunes.apple.com us app its pomodoro ... es T cnica Pomodoro fr Technique Pomodoro nl Pomodorotechniek pt T cnica Pomodoro ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2009 Release technique is an umbrella term that encompasses a variety of different corporeal practices that emphasize efficiency of movement. Emphasis is placed on breathing breath , skeletal alignment, joint articulation, ease of muscular tension and the use of gravity and momentum to facilitate movement. Release work appears as part of a Somatics somatic paradigm, whereby subjective, internal experience of the body is valued alongside objective, analytical outside view of it. The development of release technique has strands in therapeutic movement techniques, such as Feldenkrais , Alexander Technique , Cranio Sacral Therapy etc. and also from dance specific practices, drawing from Modern and Postmodern dance , as well as Eastern movement philosophy and practice such as Yoga and Martial Arts. Practitioners include Eric Hawkins , Doris Humphreys and Mary O Donnell Fulkerson . See also Skinner releasing technique Contact Improvisation Mabel Elsworth Todd Body Mind Centering Yoga T ai chi ch uan References Cite book last Olsen first Andrea authorlink Andrea Olsen coauthors Caryn McHose title Bodystories publisher University Press of New England year 2004 location Lebanon NH url http books.google.co.uk books?id oEb4DEZPYPsC&lpg PP1&dq bodystories 20olsen&pg PP1 v onepage&q &f false isbn 158465354X Cite book last Bainbridge Cohen first Bonnie authorlink Bonnie Bainbridge Cohen coauthors title Sensing, Feeling and Action The Experiential Anatomy of Body Mind Centering publisher Contact Editions year 1993 location Northampton MA url http www.contactquarterly.com ce ce06.html isbn 0937645031 Cite book last Johson first Don Hanlon title Bone, Breath, Gesture Practices of Embodiment year 1995 publisher North Atlantic Books location Berkeley CA Dance stub Category Dance technique ... more details
File Seldinger Set.jpg thumb A set of equipment to perform the Seldinger technique The Seldinger technique is a medical procedure to obtain safe access to blood vessel s and other hollow organ anatomy organ s. It is eponym named after Dr. Sven Ivar Seldinger 1921 1998 , a Sweden Swedish radiology radiologist from Mora Municipality, Sweden Mora , Dalarna County , who introduced the procedure in 1953. ref name Seldinger cite journal author Seldinger SI title Catheter replacement of the needle in percutaneous arteriography a new technique journal Acta radiologica volume 39 issue 5 pages 368 76 year 1953 pmid 13057644 doi 10.3109 00016925309136722 ref Description The desired vessel or cavity is punctured with a sharp hollow needle called a trocar , with medical ultrasonography ultrasound guidance if necessary. A round tipped guidewire is then advanced through the lumen anatomy lumen of the trocar, and the trocar is withdrawn. A sheath or blunt cannula can now be passed over the guidewire into the cavity or vessel. Alternatively, drainage tubes are passed over the guidewire as in chest drains or nephrostomy nephrostomies . After passing a sheath or tube, the guidewire is withdrawn. ref name Seldinger A sheath can be used to introduce catheter s or other devices to perform endoluminal inside ... Schema 6 catheter en place.svg Step 6 gallery Uses The Seldinger technique is used for angiography ... PEG tubes using the push technique, insertion of the leads for an artificial pacemaker or implantable ... technique, sharp trocars were used to create lumens through which devices could be passed. This had ... BD, Maxwell Armstrong CA title The Seldinger technique 50 years on journal Lancet volume 366 issue ... of the Seldinger technique, angiography became a relatively risk free procedure, and the field ...?articleid 100029 Flash animation of the Seldinger technique FRCA.co.uk Intravenous therapy Category Interventional radiology az Seldinger texnikas de Seldinger Technik fr Technique de Seldinger ... more details
Image Foldndrop.png thumb right Fold n Drop, a Crossing based interface crossing based interaction technique for dragging and dropping files between overlapping windows. An interaction technique , user interface technique or input technique is a combination of Computer hardware hardware and software elements that provides a way for computer users to accomplish a single task. For example, one can go back to the previously visited page on a Web browser by either Point and click clicking a Button computing ..., the term new interaction technique is frequently used to introduce a novel user interface design ... technique , the most popular definition is from the computer graphics literature An interaction technique is a way of using a physical input output device to perform a generic task in a human computer ... Graphics Principles and Practice , Addison Wesley. ref A more recent variation is An interaction technique ..., an interaction technique involves One or several input devices that capture user input, One ... technique is a way to perform a single computing task and can be informally expressed with user instructions ... designer s perspective, an interaction technique is a well defined solution to a specific user interface ..., a desktop environment is too complex to be an interaction technique, whereas Expos Mac OS ..., the more complex the interaction technique. ref name buxton W. Buxton 1986 There s More to Interaction ... interaction technique, whereas using a mouse to rotate a 3D object requires more creativity to design the technique and more lines of code to implement it. A current trend is to avoid complex interaction ... manipulation user interfaces. Visualization technique Interaction techniques essentially involve ... used to convey affordances and provide user feedback . The use of the term input technique further ... Nedel, L. 2003. Formal description of a multimodal interaction technique in an immersive virtual reality ... for effective interaction design References reflist DEFAULTSORT Interaction Technique Category User ... more details
about the band other uses Technique disambiguation Refimprove date September 2010 Technique was a female alternative synth pop music pop band from the mid 1990s featuring Kate Holmes of Frazier Chorus and singer Xan Tyler . The band was named after New Order s 1989 album of the same name, and they were signed to Creation Records , the record label owned by Holmes s husband Alan McGee . Holmes and Tyler met at Butterfly, the studio owned by legendary Record producer producer and former Killing Joke member Youth, where Tyler was working as a session backing vocalist. They began work on their debut album, with synthpop veteran Stephen Hague and Oasis band Oasis producer Owen Morris handling production duties alongside Holmes herself. Other notable contributors to the album included Ash band Ash frontman Tim Wheeler, vocalist Kirsty Hawkshaw and Youth himself on bass. Technique released two singles on Creation in the summer of 1999 Sun is Shining and You & Me . Sun is Shining reached 64 in the UK Singles Chart in April 1999 and You & Me got to 56 in August of the same year. ref Roberts, David. Guinness Book of British Hit Singles & Albums. Guinness World Records Ltd 17th edition 2004 , p. 551 ISBN 0 85112 199 3 ref The album, by now entitled Pop Philosophy, was promo ed but never officially saw the light of day after McGee decided to close the label. Technique lay dormant for several years while McGee set up his new venture, Poptones . Holmes and Tyler both contributed to Mission Control s Dub Showcase album produced by Holmes s long term associated Mad Professor , which featured several unreleased songs from Pop Philosophy. In 2000, C pop singer Coco Lee had a huge hit on the Asian market with a cover of Technique s second single, You and Me. Following this, Poptones released ... extensively during 2001. Technique ended, but more was to come from the mysterious electro pop band ... label. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Technique Category Creation Records artists Category British ... more details
Image ashbytech.svg thumb upright 2.0 400px alt Ashby Technique Visual Representation. Visual Model of Ashby Technique. The Ashby technique is a method for determining the volume and life span of red blood cells in humans, first published by Winifred Ashby Dr. Winifred Ashby in 1919 ref cite journal doi 10.1084 jem.29.3.267 last Winifred first Ashby year 1919 title THE DETERMINATION OF THE LENGTH OF LIFE OF TRANSFUSED BLOOD CORPUSCLES IN MAN journal J Exp Med volume 29 issue 3 pages 267 281 pmid 19868318 pmc 2126347 ref . The technique involves injection of compatible donor red blood cells of a different blood group into a recipient, followed by blood testing periodically afterwards. Differential Agglutination biology agglutination of the red cells is then used to determine the number of remaining donor cells, allowing the survival rate to be determined. It does not involve radioisotope technology, and was the first technique to successfully establish the correct red blood cell life span. In particular, ABO blood group system Type O blood is first transfused into ABO blood group system Type A or B subjects. In subsequent blood samples, the patient s own A and B blood cells are removed by agglutination with either anti A or anti B blood serum serum . The number of remaining nonagglutinated Type O cells as a function of time defines the survival rate of blood cells. ref cite journal author Franco RS title The measurement and importance of red cell survival journal Am. J. Hematol. volume 84 issue 2 pages 109 14 year 2009 month February pmid 19025796 doi 10.1002 ajh.21298 url ref This technique was used extensively during World War II and shortly after but has more recently been replaced by techniques that label one s own blood, due of the dangers of using donor blood ref name lichtman cite book last Lichtman first Marshall title Williams Hematology publisher McGraw Hill Professional ... Ashby Technique Category Hematology Category Blood tests med diagnostic stub ... more details
is subjected to abrupt retouch lithics retouches on one of its sides. ref If the technique ... distal notch by the same technique already described Image Microburil 4.png center Second flection ... waste product of this technique, such that no function can be attributed to it although some ... to the technique again until another flection yields another two pieces, known as the distal ... de c rculo.png center br Lunate gallery center The same microburin blow technique can be used ... 2 225 80847 3 pages 144 147 div DEFAULTSORT Microburin Technique Category Archaeological artefact ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The selector technique allows multiplex amplification of arbitrary sets of genomic sequences. Genomic DNA is digested with restriction enzymes, circularized by hybridisation molecular biology hybridisation to selectors and subsequently attached to a vector sequence by ligation . The procedure results in circular DNA molecules with an included general primer pair motif that can be used for amplification by PCR or RCA. The selector construct A selector consists of two oligonucleotides, one Vector oligonucletide and one Selector probe . Together they form one Selector with target specific ends on each side of a general primer motif. Selection mechanisms I A selector probe hybridizes with both ends of the selected target. II A selector probe hybridizes with one end to the 3 end of the target and the other end to an internal sequence of the target. The protruding 5 end is cleaved off using Taq polymerase . Publications http nar.oxfordjournals.org cgi content full 33 8 e71 Demonstration of the selector method http nar.oxfordjournals.org cgi content full 33 8 e72 The PieceMaker software for designing selector experiments DEFAULTSORT Selector Technique Category DNA ... more details
refimprove date July 2011 The Alexander technique teaches the ability to improve physical postural habits, particularly those that have become ingrained or are conditioned responses. The technique is purported ..., tension and stress. The technique is named after Frederick Matthias Alexander , who in the 1890s ref ... during public speaking. He credited the technique with allowing him to pursue his passion for Shakespearean ... could be applied to improve individual health and well being. He further refined his technique of self ... to join his brother. A.R. Alexander also taught his brother s technique. Process Alexander s approach emphasizes the use of freedom to choose beyond conditioning in every action. The technique ... American Society for the Alexander Technique year 1997 url http www.alexandertech.org misc faq.html ... 85 6 565 Improvement in Automatic Postural Coordination Following Alexander Technique Lessons in a Person ... by thinking about them. ref Body Learning An Introduction to the Alexander Technique , Macmillan, 1996 ... technique lexicon, the principle of inhibition is considered by teachers to be the most important ... book title The Actor and the Alexander Technique pages 14 isbn 0312295154 first Kelly last McEvenue ... books?id ixvTPRlcSMoC ref Uses The Alexander technique addresses the nuisance habits of actors .... The technique improves pain management for chronic disability. It offers rehabilitation following ... performance art applications, the Alexander technique is used and taught by classically trained vocal ... of the vocal tract by consciously increasing air flow, allowing improved vocal technique and tone. Because the technique has allegedly been used to improve breathing and stamina in general, advocates .... The technique has been used by actors to reduce stage fright and to increase spontaneity. By improving stress management, the technique can be an adjunct to psychotherapy for people with disabilities ... Thieme Medical Publishers isbn 0865773378 ref Teaching The technique is most commonly taught privately ... more details
In telecommunications , a cutback technique is a destructive technique for determining certain optical fiber transmission characteristic s, such as attenuation electromagnetic radiation attenuation and Bandwidth computing bandwidth . Procedure The measurement technique consists of performing the desired measurements on a long length of the fiber under test, cutting the fiber under test at a point near the launching end, repeating the measurements on the short length of fiber, and subtracting the results obtained on the short length to determine the results for the residual long length. The cut should be made to retain 1 meter or more of the fiber, in order to establish equilibrium mode distribution conditions for the second measurement. In a multimode fiber , the lack of an equilibrium mode distribution could introduce errors in the measurement due to output coupling effects. In a single mode fiber , measuring a shorter cutback fiber could result in significant transmission of cladding modes light carried in the cladding rather than the core of the optical fiber , distorting the measurement. The errors introduced will result in conservative results i.e. , higher transmission losses and lower bandwidths than would be realized under equilibrium conditions. Benefits The benefit of this technique is that it allows measurement of the fiber characteristics without introducing errors due to variation in the launch conditions. For example, the Coupling loss coupling efficiency of the light source is kept consistent between the initial and the cutback measurements. Several characteristics may be determined using the same test fiber. Attenuation measurement Since the attenuation is defined as proportional to the logarithm of the ratio between math P x math and math P y math , where ... the cutback technique, the power transmitted through a fiber of known length is measured and compared ... techniques A variation of the cutback technique is the substitution method , in which measurements ... more details
BF02985786 ref The transfer technique an the Messel fossils File Grube Messel lschiefer 2005 09 24.jpg ... until the transfer technique was started to be applied in the 1970s. In order to preserve the fossils ... ref The contrasting physical property of the rock and fossil are essential for this technique ... more details
the most popular instrument adjusting technique worldwide. Dr. Fuhr has been widely acknowledged .... Fuhr was given the Greenawalt Foundation Award for Clinical Excellence in Technique. In 2000, he became ... the second edition of the technique textbook, The Activator Method, globally known as the standard ... used low force chiropractic technique in the world. Each year, AMI offers more than 40 technique ... 2005 month February title Status of Activator Methods Chiropractic Technique, Theory, and Practice journal ... j.jmpt.2005.01.001 pmid 15800504 ref Activator method chiropractic technique The activator method chiropractic technique AMCT involves having the patient lie in a prone position and comparing the functional ... Board of Chiropractic Examiners found that 70 of chiropractors used the technique, and 23.9 ... more details
Original research date November 2008 The Reid technique is a method of questioning subjects and assessing their credibility. The technique consists of a non accusatory interview combining both investigative and behavior provoking questions. If the investigative information indicates that the subject committed the crime in question, the Reid Nine Steps of Interrogation are utilized to persuade the subject to tell the truth about what they did. The Reid technique involves three different components factual analysis, interviewing, and interrogation . While each of these are separate and distinct procedures, they are interrelated in the sense that each is intended to serve to help eliminate innocent suspects during an investigation, thereby presumably allowing the investigator to focus upon the person that the investigator feels is most likely to be guilty. Interrogating that individual then becomes foremost in the effort to learn what may be the truth. Supporters argue the Reid technique is useful in extracting information from otherwise unwilling suspects, while critics have charged the technique can elicit false confession legal false confessions from innocent persons, especially children. The term Reid Technique is a registered trademark of the firm John E. Reid and Associates, which offers training courses in the method they have devised. The technique is widely used by police ...? This technique uses language that contains the unspoken, implicit assumption of guilt. A famous ... technique s nine steps of interrogation are ref cite book title Practical Aspects of Interview and Interrogation ... . Criticism Critics of the technique claim it too easily produces false confessions, ref cite journal ... page 76 ref The use of the Reid technique on youth is prohibited in several European countries because ... www.cbc.ca canada story 2003 01 27 interrogation030127.html Widely used police interrogation technique can result in false confession Disclosure DEFAULTSORT Reid Technique Category Interrogation techniques ... more details
about the album other uses Technique disambiguation Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Technique Type Album Artist New Order Cover New Order Technique.jpg Released 30 January 1989 Recorded 1988 at Mediterranean Studios, Ibiza Real World Studios , Box, Wiltshire Box Genre Alternative dance , alternative rock , acid house Length 39 32 Label Factory Records Factory small FACT 275 small Producer New Order Last album Brotherhood New Order album Brotherhood br 1986 This album Technique br 1989 Next album Republic album Republic br 1993 Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1Score Rating 4.5 5 ref Allmusic class album id r13980 tab review label New Order Technique Review first John last Bush accessdate date 2011 08 19 ref rev2 Blender magazine Blender rev2Score Rating 4 5 ref http www.blender.com ... rev3 Pitchfork Media rev3Score 9.2 10 ref cite web first Tom last Ewing title New Order Technique url http pitchfork.com reviews albums 12418 movement power corruption and lies low life brotherhood technique ... artists neworder albums album 98510 review 5945747 technique title New Order Technique first Ira ... technique archivedate date 2007 10 18 ref rev6 Sputnikmusic rev6Score Rating 4 5 ref cite web url http www.sputnikmusic.com review 30353 New Order Technique title New Order Technique date date April 29, 2009 accessdate date 2011 08 19 publisher Sputnikmusic ref Technique is the fifth studio album ... rock sound. Technique was the first New Order album to reach number one in the UK charts. Fine Time ... s 1995 Alternative Record Guide claimed that Technique is New Order s best album because it represents ... 2 External links http www.radio3net.ro dbartists supersearch VGVjaG5pcXVl Technique Album online on Radio3Net ... Cannibals end New Order Use dmy dates date September 2011 DEFAULTSORT Technique Album Category New Order albums Category 1989 albums Category Factory Records albums Category Madchester fr Technique album hu Technique ja pl Technique pt Technique ru Technique sv Technique ... more details
DIF is a greenhouse technique involving temperature control for the purpose of controlling plant Plant stem internode length and thus elongation rates. DIF s effectiveness has led to a reduction in the need and use of chemical plant growth regulators . Although many common greenhouse plants do react strongly to DIF, there are some plants which show little or no response to DIF. ref http www.umass.edu umext floriculture fact sheets greenhouse management altpgr.html ref Basics DIF refers to the difference between day and night time temperatures. DIF is calculated by subtracting the night time temperature from the day time temperature to get a DIF when the day when the daytime is warmer, or a DIF when the night time is warmer. When there is a DIF, elongation rates are normal, but when there is a DIF elongation rates are lowered. As nights are generally cooler than days, the DIF technique is only actively utilized to slow growth, not to increase growth. Instead of increasing heating all through the night, which can be very expensive, another approach to getting a DIF response is to decrease the temperature in the greenhouse at dawn for 2 3hours. This temporary decrease in temperature from night to day tricks the plant into responding as if there was a DIF. An optimal DIF is around 10 when measuring in Fahrenheit or approximately 6 in Celsius. ref name ref1 http www.hortservicesinc.com voag Greenhouse 20Management What 20is 20DIF.pdf ref Drawbacks DIF treatments can also slow the Growing degree day development rate when the average day time temperature is decreased. Very high DIFs can also led to problems such as chlorosis in Lilium lilies . ref name ref1 References See http en.wikipedia.org wiki Wikipedia Footnotes on how to create references using ref ref tags which will then appear here automatically Reflist Categories DEFAULTSORT Dif Technique Category Horticulture and gardening ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced December 2009 orphan December 2009 An isocentric technique is where all beams used in a radiation therapy radiation treatment have a common focus point, a.k.a. the isocentre . Working File Linac radiotherapy.png thumb Linear particle accelerator font color black Linac font movements gantry font color red gantry font font color red rotation font , collimator font color blue collimator font font color blue twist font , font color green bed swing font . The movements of the linear particle accelerator or linac are threefold the Gantry crane gantry rotates like a big crane arm the collimator twists in the head of the gantry the bed swings around in the floor Unsourced image removed Image Linac.jpg Missing image removed Image Linac Collimatortwist.png All of these movements in the modern linac occur around an axis that runs through the isocentre. In this way, if the centre of the target area in the patient s body is moved to coincide with the isocentre, then all motions of the machine will remain centred on the target. This way, non target areas will only receive short durations of radiation , reducing damage to them, while the target area receives constant radiation. References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Isocentric Technique Category Medical treatments medical stub ... more details
The Arlberg technique was the primary method of instruction in alpine skiing downhill from around 1910 into the 1990s. The system was developed by Hannes Schneider while working as an instructor in the Arlberg mountains in Austria . His methods were popularized in Europe in a series of films in the 1920s and 30s. It became popular in the United States after Schneider moved there in 1939, having being jailed during the Anschluss . The Arlberg technique is a progressive system that takes the skier ... techniques during this time, and the Arlberg technique developed through this process. During World War I he used the technique to train the Austria s alpine troops, and fought with the Austrian army ... to develop the Arlberg technique. In 1921 the German filmmaker Arnold Fanck visited Arlberg and produced ... the Arlberg technique to the world, and it was quickly taken up by ski schools. A follow up film in 1931 ... agreed, and Schneider arrived in the US in 1939. He continued to teach the Arlberg technique ... telemark has remained a niche technique since the 1900s. Stemming is based on creating turning ..., as opposed to pushing the skis directly. The Arlberg technique is based on the similarly of these concepts ... from the snowplough. Christy turning is essentially a technique for easily stemming, an active method that involves motion of the upper body, hips and knees. Later developments The Arlberg technique ... of the stem Christy, and this became a popular addition to the Arlberg technique through the 1960s and especially in the 1970s. By the late 1970s, the upper echelon of ski technique was based on a series ... as possible, similar to modern mogul skiing technique. Turn initiation was based on weighting and rotating ... technique is based largely on carving, adding skidding only as needed to tighten the turn. Modern skis make carving turns so simple that the Arlberg technique of gradual progression is no longer ... the movement of the knees, so the progressive connection emphasized in the Arlberg technique is no longer ... more details
nofootnote article date September 2008 Selling technique is the body of methods used in the profession of sales , also often called personal selling. Techniques used in selling interviews vary from the highly customer centric consultative selling to the heavily pressured hard close . All techniques borrow a bit from experience and mix in a bit of guesswork on the psychology of what motivation motivates others to buy something offered to them. Mastery in the techniques of selling can offer very high income s, while failure in it is nearly proverbial. Coverage of the latter is popularized in works such as Death of a Salesman and Glengarry Glen Ross . Because selling faces a high level of rejection, it is often difficult for the practitioner to handle emotionally, and is usually cited as the most common reason for leaving the profession. Because of this many selling and sales training techniques involve a lot of motivational material. The various steps A selling interview based on counseling needs to be done in several steps, in a consistent order, from the identification of the needs to a close in which the prospect accepts the seller s proposal. The following is an example of such steps, however the list is not exhaustive, nor would all strategies include all of the following. For example, the Sandler approach takes a relatively unusual stance when it comes to objections. While many sales techniques offer specific advice on how to handle objections and stalls, Sandler suggests that only the objecting client is able to remove the objection. Prospect marketing Prospect ing Referral s Qualifying Sales presentation Questions Selling the sizzle Closing sales Closing Pre closing ... and switch Choice architecture Contract of sale Cross selling Door in the face technique Foot in the door technique List of marketing topics Low ball Marketing Odds algorithm Permission marketing ... Category Sales Category Personal selling Category Selling techniques Selling technique da Salgsteknik ... more details
The Kato technique also called the Kato Katz technique is a laboratory method for preparing human stool samples prior to searching for parasite eggs. Indications The Kato technique is now most commonly used for detecting Schistosoma schistosome eggs. ref name Cheesbrough1998 cite book author Cheesbrough M year 1998 chapter Parasitological Tests title District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries, Part 1 publisher Cambridge University Press location Cambridge pages 220&ndash 221 isbn 0521665477 ref It has in the past been used for other helminth eggs as well. It cannot be used to identify hookworm eggs because they collapse within 30 to 60 minutes of preparation using this method. One study of 299 subjects infected with Schistosoma mansoni found that the method had poor reproducibility and is therefore no longer recommended for primary health care settings ref cite journal author Kongs A, Marks G, Verl P, Van der Stuyft P title The unreliability of the Kato Katz method for evaluating S. mansoni infection journal Trop Med Intl Health year 2001 volume 6 issue 3 pages 163&ndash 69 pmid 11299032 doi 10.1046 j.1365 3156.2001.00687.x ref the problem may be that eggs of Schistosoma mansoni tend to clump together which means that even slides prepared from the same specimen may contain widely different egg counts. ref cite journal author Engels D, Sinzinkayo E, De Vlas SJ, Gryseels B title Intraspecimen fecal egg count variation in Schistosoma mansoni infection journal Am J Trop Med Hyg year 1997 volume 57 issue 5 pages 571&ndash 7 pmid 9392598 ref The other main argument against the Kato technique is that it is messy and therefore exposes technicians to an unnecessarily high risk of infection. Method The published methods vary in detail, however one involves staining a sieved fecal sample and examining it under a microscope. The total number of stained eggs are counted and used to calculate the number of eggs per gram. ref name Cheesbrough1998 References references Further ... more details
Articulatory technique is a type of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment OMT performed by Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine . The physician uses low velocity and high amplitude forces to carry a dysfunctional joint through its full range of motion with the therapeutic goal of increasing range of motion. ref http www.aacom.org resources Documents Downloads GOT2009ed.pdf Glossary of Osteopathic Terminology, Educational Council on Osteopathic Principles ECOP , American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine AACOM , Revised April 2009, page 28. ref Usually this requires multiple repetitions of engaging the motion restriction, easing off slightly and re engaging the motion restriction in an articulatory fashion. Pathophysiology of Joint Dysfunction The central nervous system has the ability to excite or inhibit most of the tissues throughout the body. Increased activity within alpha motor neurons can cause increased muscle contraction. The longer the tissues remain in this hyperactive state, the greater the chance of somatic dysfunction occurring. The current hypotheses state that the more nerves remain in a facilitated state, the more prone they are to lead to soft tissue stiffness, contracture and pain. Mechanism of Action for Articulatory Techniques In a general sense, articulatory techniques use repetitive springing motions or repetitive concentric movements of a joint through a restrictive barrier. The intent is to improve the overall range of motion by repetitiously changing the position of the restrictive barrier. Specifically, articulatory techniques introduce physiologic movement into a joint space. Movement disrupts stiffness and contractures while decreasing the degree of facilitation in the joint. In addition, serotonin and noradrenaline levels have been shown ..., et al. Improving functional ability in the elderly via the Spencer technique, an osteopathic manipulative ..., David A., D.O., Evolution of Osteopathic Manipulative Technique The Spencer Technique , JAOA ... more details
In second language acquisition foreign language teaching , the sandwich technique is the oral insertion of an idiom idiomatic translation in the mother tongue between an unknown phrase in the second language learned language and its repetition, in order to convey meaning as rapidly and completely as possible. The mother tongue equivalent can be given almost as an aside, with a slight break in the flow of speech to mark it as an intruder. When modeling a dialogue sentence for students to repeat, the teacher not only gives an oral mother tongue equivalent for unknown words or phrases, but repeats the foreign language phrase before students imitate it L2 L1 L2. For example, a German language German teacher of English language English might engage in the following exchange with the students Teacher Let me try lass mich mal versuchen let me try. Students Let me try. With this technique meaning is conveyed quickly, language transfer interference from the mother tongue or negative transfer is avoided and students can fully concentrate on repeating the foreign phrase correctly. Proponents of this technique notably Butzkamm & Caldwell ref cite book first1 Wolfgang last1 Butzkamm first2 John A. W. last2 Caldwell title The bilingual reform. A paradigm shift in foreign language teaching location T bingen publisher Narr Verlag year 2009 ref and Dodson ref cite book first C. J. last Dodson title Language teaching and the bilingual method location London publisher Pitman edition 2nd year 1972 ref claim that this bilingual technique makes it easier to establish the foreign language as the working language of the classroom. By and by, the teacher introduces important classroom phrases in order to create a foreign language atmosphere Teacher Your job is to match the sentences die S tze zuzuordnen to match the sentences. Teacher and students consistently keep track of expressions introduced so that further translations can be avoided. The teacher can also use richer and more authentic ... more details
orphan date December 2011 Baker s technique , created in 1994 by Brenda Baker, is a method for designing polynomial time approximation scheme s, PTASs, for problems on planar graph s. This technique has given PTASs for the following problems subgraph isomorphism , maximum independent set , minimum vertex cover , minimum dominating set , minimum edge dominating set , maximum triangle matching, and many others. Its generalizations have also led to many PTASs on graphs excluding a fixed minor, and bounded genus graphs. The idea for Baker s technique is to break the graph into layers, such that the problem can be solved optimally on each layer, then combine the solutions from each layer in a reasonable way that will result in a feasible solution. Example of technique The example that we will use to demonstrate Baker s technique is the maximum weight independent set problem. Algorithm INDEPENDENT SET math G math , math w math , math epsilon math Choose an arbitrary vertex math r math math k 1 epsilon math find the breadth first search levels for math G math rooted at math r math math pmod k math math V 0,V 1, ldots, V k 1 math for math ell 0, ldots, k 1 math find the components math G ell 1, G ell 2, ldots, math of math G math after deleting math V ell math for math i 1,2, ldots math compute math S i ell math , the maximum weight independent set of math G i ell math math S ell cup i S i ell math let math S ell math be the solution of maximum weight among math S 0,S 1, ldots, S k 1 math return math S ell math Notice that the above algorithm is feasible because each math S ell math is the union of disjoint independent sets. Dynamic programming Dynamic programming is used when we compute the maximum weight independent set for each math G i ell math . This dynamic program works because each math G i ell math is a math k math outerplanar graph . Many NP complete problems can be solved with dynamic programming on math k math outerplanar graphs. References refbegin colwidth 30em ... more details
The Dvorak technique developed in 1973 by Vernon Dvorak ref cite book last Norcross first Bryan authorlink Bryan Norcross title Hurricane Almanac The Essential Guide to Storms Past, Present, and Future year 2007 publisher Macmillan isbn 0312371527 page 125 ref is a widely used system to subjectively estimate tropical cyclone intensity based solely on visible and infrared Weather satellite satellite images . Several agencies issue Dvorak intensity numbers for cyclones of sufficient intensity. These include the National Hurricane Center s Tropical Analysis and Forecast Branch TAFB , the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National ... Harbor , Hawaii . ref name ODT cite web title Objective Dvorak Technique url http cimss.ssec.wisc.edu ... 29 ref Details of technique class wikitable style float right margin left 1.5em width 35em text align ... is lower as well. small In a developing cyclone, the technique takes advantage of the fact that cyclones ... for a cyclone with a visible eye cyclone eye pattern, then the technique utilizes the difference ... ref ref cite web title The Dvorak Technique Explained url http www.ssd.noaa.gov PS TROP dvorak.html ... Madison has developed the Objective Dvorak Technique ODT . This is a modified version of the Dvorak technique which uses computer algorithms rather than subjective human interpretation to arrive at a CI ... used for determining intensity from satellite imagery Extratropical transition technique Hebert Poteat technique References Reflist External links Commonscat Dvorak technique Agencies issuing Dvorak ... tropic adt UW CIMSS Advanced Dvorak Technique http www.ssd.noaa.gov PS TROP tdpositions.html NOAA ... http 3A 2F 2Fams.confex.com 2Fdata 2Fams 2Fwebex 2F26HURR 2F75544.wrf The Dvorak Technique Through ... Tropical cyclone meteorology de Dvorak Technik fr Technique de Dvorak ms Teknik Dvorak nl Dvoraktechniek ja pl Metoda Dvoraka pt T cnica Dvorak simple Dvorak technique sv Dvorakteknik zh ... more details
confusing date October 2011 Refimprove date January 2011 The Meisner technique is an acting technique developed by the American theatre practitioner Sanford Meisner . ref Hirsch 2000, 498 . ref Meisner developed this technique after working with Lee Strasberg and Stella Adler at the Group Theatre New York Group Theatre and as head of the acting program at New York City s Neighborhood Playhouse and continued its refinement for fifty years. Components Meisner Training is an inter dependent series of training exercises that build on one another. The more complex work supports a command of Drama dramatic text . Students work on a series of progressively complex exercises to develop an ability to Improvisation improvise , to access an emotional life, and finally to bring the spontaneity of improvisation and the richness of personal response to textual work. The technique develops the behavioral strand of Stanislavski s system specifically developing his concepts of communication and adaptation , via its articulation in an American idiom as Method acting . The technique emphasizes moment to moment spontaneity through communication with other actors in order to generate behavior that is truthful within imagined, fictional circumstances. Early training is heavily based on actions, in line with Meisner s emphasis on doing. The questions what are you playing? and what are you doing? are asked frequently, in order to remind actors to commit themselves to playing what Stanislavski called a task or objective, rather than focusing on the words of a play s dialogue. Silence, dialogue, and activity ... main tasks of focusing attention on a partner and committing to an action, the technique aims ... habit or line reading, the technique assumes. Meisner actors learn lines dry, Rote learning ... of the technique does not give permission to an actor to wing it or to fail to prepare. Meisner ... at The Neighborhood Playhouse in the Meisner technique include ref http www.neighborhoodplayhouse.org ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
