In computing , smart terminal can mean either A thin client with local data processing capacity A computer terminal that has capabilities for cursor positioning, or other display formatting capabilities beyond a text mode teleprinter disambig ... more details
Teletype may refer to Device Teletype Model 33 , a very popular model of teleprinter . Teleprinter or Teletype printer or teletypewriter, a device used for communicating text over telegraph lines, public switched telephone network , Telex , radio , or satellite links. Telecommunications device for the deaf or TTD, a teleprinter specifically designed for text communication over public switched telephone network . Company TeleType Co., Inc. , a privately held company specialized in developing software for GPS devices Teletype Corporation , a subsidiary of the Western Electric Company, purchased by the American Telephone and Telegraph Company in 1930. disambig ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 In telecommunication , the term camp on busy signal has the following meanings A signal that informs a busy telephone User telecommunications user that another call originator is waiting for a telecommunication connection connection . Synonym call waiting A teleprinter telephone exchange exchange Facility telecommunications facility signal that automatically causes a calling station to retry the call receiver number after a given interval when the call receiver teleprinter is occupied or the circuits are busy. Synonym speed up tone FS1037C Category Telephony signals Category Telegrams ... more details
wiktionary TTY TTY may stand for Teleprinter or Teletypewriter or Teletype Printer, a typewriter paired with an electronic communication channel, used for telecommunications or as a computer terminal . Telecommunications device for the deaf or TDD, a teleprinter specifically designed for text communication over public switched telephone network . Tampere University of Technology , a school in Finland See also tty Unix tty , a Unix Command computing command that prints to Standard streams Standard output stdout standard output the name of the computer terminal terminal connected to Standard streams Standard input stdin standard input . disambig de TTY es TTY fr TTY it TTY ru Tty ... more details
Creed & Company was a United Kingdom British telecommunications company founded by Frederick George Creed which was an important pioneer in the field of teleprinter machines. It was merged into the ITT Corporation International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation IT&T in 1928. History File Bundesarchiv Bild 183 2008 0516 500, Fernschreibmaschine mit Telefonanschluss.jpg thumb 200px Creed Model 7 Teleprinter, circa 1931 The company was founded by Frederick George Creed and Danish telegraph engineer Harald Bille, and was first incorporated in 1912 as Creed, Bille & Company Limited . After Bille s death in a railway accident in 1916, his name was dropped from the company s title and it became simply Creed & Company. The Company spent most of World War I producing high quality instruments, manufacturing facilities for which were very limited at that time in the UK. Among the items produced were amplifiers, spark gap transmitter s, aircraft compasses, high voltage generators, bomb release apparatus, and fuses for Shell projectile artillery shells and bomb s. In 1924 Creed entered the teleprinter field with their Model 1P, which was soon superseded by the improved Model 2P. In 1925 Creed acquired the patents for Donald Murray s Baudot code Murray code Murray code , a rationalised Baudot code, and it was used for their new Model 3 Tape Teleprinter of 1927. This machine printed received messages directly on to adhesive tape Water activated tape gummed paper tape at a rate of 65 words per minute and was the first combined start stop transmitter receiver teleprinter from Creed to enter mass production. In July 1928, Creed & Company were merged into IT&T. During World War II Creed Company manufactured some of the British Typex machines, cipher devices similar to the German Enigma machine . External links http www.rtty.com England creed2.html Creed and Company Limited. The First 50 years http www.littletechshoppe.com ns1625 nshist11.html Information on the company http www.alts ... more details
Narrative traffic is data communications consisting of plain or encrypted messages written in a natural language and transmitted in accordance with standardization standard formats and procedures. Examples of narrative traffic include Messages that are placed on paper tape and transmitted via a teletypewriter TTY , and on reception, are converted back to a printed page on another teletypewriter or teleprinter Messages printed on a sheet of paper, transmitted via optical character recognition OCR equipment, and on reception, converted back to a printed page on a printer. References FS1037C MS188 Category Data transmission telecomm term stub ... more details
Krum may refer to Places Krum, Haskovo Province , town in Bulgaria Krum, Texas People Krum , Khan of Bulgaria Paola Krum born 1970 , Argentine actress, singer, and dancer Charles Krum , key figure in the development of the teleprinter John Krum 1810 1883 , mayor of St. Louis, Missouri Fictional characters Viktor Krum , Harry Potter character disamb bg de Krum fr Krum homonymie nl Krum pt Krum sv Krum ... more details
Heath Robinson was a machine used by British codebreaker s at Bletchley Park during World War II to solve messages in the German teleprinter cipher used by the Lorenz SZ40 42 cipher machine the cipher and machine were called Tunny by the codebreakers, who named different German teleprinter ciphers after Fish cryptography fish . It was the predecessor to the electronic Colossus computer . It was dubbed Heath Robinson by the Wren Royal Navy Wrens who operated it, after cartoonist William Heath Robinson , who drew immensely complicated mechanical devices for simple tasks, similar to Rube Goldberg in the USA. File Heathrobinsonmachine tnmoc.jpg right thumbnail A Heath Robinson on show at the National Museum of Computing The machine was designed by Max Newman . C. E. Wynn Williams designed the electronic counters, and engineers at the Post Office Research Station engineered other parts of the machine. Current encrypted traffic was read for the first time in July 1942. ref http www.alanturing.net turing archive pages Reference 20Articles BriefHistofComp.html Col A Brief History of Computing, Jack Copeland, June 2000 ref Notes and citations reflist References Citation last Sale first Tony author link Tony Sale title The Colossus its purpose and operation url http www.codesandciphers.org.uk lorenz colossus.htm accessdate 16 March 2011 Category Bletchley Park crypto stub ... more details
Ry or RY may mean Ry Cooder Ry, Denmark Ry, Seine Maritime , a municipality in France Rydberg constant , a unit of energy used in quantum physics related to the ground state energy of the hydrogen atom Rebel yell Rail transport Railway Relay Ry suffix , a Finnish suffix for a registered Non profit organization RY test signal , a character string used to test five level teleprinter channels The stock symbol tsx2 RY, nyse2 RY for the Royal Bank of Canada Consolidated RY , a former cargo aircraft of the U.S. Navy disambig Category Initialisms cs RY de Ry fa RY fr RY ko RY it RY sw RY nl Ry ja RY pl Ry pt Ry fi Ry ... more details
Telex may refer to Telex network , TELegraph EXchange , a communications network Teleprinter , the device used on the above network Telex band , a Belgian pop group Telex IME , a convention for writing Vietnamese using ASCII characters commonly found on computer keyboard layouts Tele X , a Nordic communications satellite Telex Communications formerly Telex Corporation , an American manufacturer of hearing aids, audio equipment, and computer peripherals. Telex II , a later name for the TWX teletypewriter network Planet Telex , a song by rock band Radiohead Telephone exchange Telephone extension See also Telix , terminal emulation software Teletex , an old ITU T standard Teletext , television information retrieval service disambig cs Telex de Telex Begriffskl rung nl Telex ru Telex sk Telex ... more details
refimprove date March 2009 Image KL 51.nsa.jpg thumb KL 51 on display at the National Cryptologic Museum in 2005. The KL 51 RACE is an off line keyboard encryption system that read and punched paper tape for use with teleprinter s. It was developed by the U.S. National Security Agency in the 1980s to replace the earlier KL 7 , but used digital electronics for encryption instead of rotor machine rotors . As of 2006, the U.S. Navy was developing plans to replace KL 51 units still in use with a unit based on a more modern Universal Crypto Device. http www.dtic.mil descriptivesum Y2007 Navy 0303140N.pdf Sources NSA museum caption shown in photo. http www.knobstick.ca pdf files race1.pdf Category National Security Agency encryption devices crypto stub ... more details
Charles L. Krum was a key figure in the development of the teleprinter , a machine which played a key role in the history of telegraphy and computing . In 1902, electrical engineer Mr. Frank Pearne approached Mr. Joy Morton, head of Morton Salt , seeking a sponsor for Pearne s research into the practicalities of developing a printing telegraph system. Joy Morton needed to determine whether this was worthwhile and so consulted renowned mechanical engineer Charles Krum, who was vice president of the Western Cold Storage Company which was run by Morton s brother Mark Morton businessman Mark Morton . Krum gave Joy Morton a positive response to the idea of helping Pearne, so space to set up a laboratory in the attic of Western Cold Storage was provided to Pearne. Pearne, after about a year of unsuccessful experiments, lost interest and left to get involved in teaching. Krum was prepared to continue Pearne s work, and in August, 1903 a patent was filed for a typebar page printer US patent 888335 issued in May, 1908 . In the following year, 1904 Krum filed a patent for a type wheel printing telegraph machine US patent 862402 which was issued in August, 1907. In 1906 Charles Krum s son, Howard Krum, graduated in electrical engineering and joined his father in this work. It was Howard who developed the start stop synchronizing method for code telegraph systems, which made possible the practical teleprinter. This was recognized in US patent 1286351 filed in May, 1910, and issued in December, 1918. Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Krum, Charles ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Krum, Charles Category American inventors Category American engineers Category Year of death missing US engineer stub ... more details
Communications in Fiji . File Public Payphone in Fiji.jpg thumb 300px Public payphone in Fiji This article lists communication s in Fiji . Country Code 679 Telephones main lines in use 112,500 2005 Telephones mobile cellular 315,000 2007 Telephone system Modern local, interisland, and international wire radio integrated public and special purpose telephone, telegraph, and teleprinter facilities regional radio communications center Domestic NA International Access to important cable links between US and Canada as well as between NZ and Australia Southern Cross Cable Network satellite earth station 1 Intelsat Pacific Ocean Radio broadcast stations AM 13, FM 40, shortwave 0 1998 Radios 500,000 1997 Television broadcast stations 2 Terrestrial Televisions 21,000 1997 Internet Service Providers ISPs 5 2010 Country codes Country code TLD FJ References CIA World Factbook Oceania topic Telecommunications in Telecommunications Category Communications in Fiji Fiji stub comm stub lt Fid io ry iai ... more details
Link encryption is an approach to communications security that encryption encrypts and decrypts all traffic at each end of a communications line e.g. a teleprinter circuit or the line between two Network Switch network switches . It contrasts with end to end encryption where messages are encrypted by the sender at the point of origin and only decrypted by the intended receiver. Link encryption offers a couple of advantages encryption is automatic so there is less opportunity for human error. if the communications link operates continuously and carries an unvarying level of traffic, link encryption defeats traffic analysis . On the other hand, end to end encryption ensures only authorized persons see the plaintext . Link encryption can be used with end to end systems by superencryption superencrypting the messages. Bulk encryption refers to encrypting a large number of circuits at once, after they have been multiplexing multiplexed . Category Cryptography crypto stub ... more details
Lowercase for other uses of TTY TTY disambiguation TTY tt tty tt is a Unix Command computing command that prints to Standard streams Standard output stdout standard output the name of the computer terminal terminal connected to Standard streams Standard input stdin standard input . The name of the program comes from Teleprinter teletypewriter , abbreviated TTY . When the program runs, it will output something like this source lang bash tty dev pts 4 source See also Process computing Computer Process Computer terminal Computer Terminal tt Getty Unix getty tt tt setterm tt tt stty tt tt tset tt Pseudo terminal Pseudo Terminal pts External links Man 1 tty br http www.linusakesson.net programming tty index.php The TTY demystified tty history Unix stub Category Standard Unix programs Category Unix SUS2008 utilities es Tty Unix fr Tty Unix id Tty ja Tty pt Tty Unix ru Tty UNIX ... more details
RYRYRYRY... is a character string that was widely used to test a five level teleprinter or radioteletype RTTY channel. The characters R and Y are 01010 and 10101 in 5 bit Baudot code ITA2 code, also known as Baudot. Thus they are Boolean logic Boolean complements of each other. Switching between the two characters is a stressful test for electromechanical teleprinters. ref http www.hertzmail.com rtty ttyinfo1.pdf An Introduction to Amateur Radioteletype p.10 ref Repeated over and over, RYRYRYRY... outputs a carrier wave that regularly and rapidly shifts back and forth in frequency. This signal pattern also provided a test for signal polarity if polarity was reversed, the test signal would print as SG . ref http www.ominous valve.com digital.txt Digital Signal Types ref The corresponding string of complementary characters in 7 bit ASCII is U U U U ... Another one is the numeric string 424... when your FIGS key was jammed. References reflist Category History of telecommunications ... more details
Store and forward is a telecommunications technique in which information is sent to an intermediate station where it is kept and sent at a later time to the final destination or to another intermediate station. The intermediate station, or Node networking node in a computer network networking context, verifies the Data integrity integrity of the message before forwarding it. In general, this technique is used in networks with intermittent connectivity, especially in the wilderness or environments requiring high mobility. It may also be preferable in situations when there are long delays in transmission and variable and high error rates, or if a direct, end to end connection is not available. This technique originates the delay tolerant networking delay tolerant networks . No real time services are available for these kinds of networks. Manually operated relay Store and forward networks predate the use of computers. Point to point teleprinter equipment was used to send messages which were stored at the receiving end on punched paper tape at a relay center. A human operator at the center removed the message tape from the receiving machine, read the addressing information, and then sent it toward its destination on appropriate outbound point to point teleprinter link. If the outbound link was in use, the operator placed the message in tape in a physical queue, usually consisting of a set of clips or hooks. A major relay center in the mid 1900s might have dozens of inbound and outbound teleprinters, scores of operators, and thousands of messages in the queues during peak periods. Operators referred to these centers as torn tape relay centers, a reference to removing the received message from the inbound teleprinter by tearing the paper tape to separate one message from the next. The United States military U.S. military term for such a center was Non Automated Relay Center NARC . Automatic relay Plan 55 A was an automatic, electromechanical store and forward message swit ... more details
File DUDEK T 353.jpg thumb upright A T 353 DUDEK version supplied to the Stasi . The TgS 1 DUDEK Polish hoopoe Dalekopisowe Urz dzenie Do Elektronicznego Kodowania Teleprinter Device for Electronic Coding was an on line and off line encryption system developed during the Cold War in the 1960s in communist Peoples Republic of Poland Poland by the Telkom Teletra company and the Ministry of Interior for use on teleprinter circuits. The units saw use in the Polish Ministry of Interior networks serving the Police Milicja Obywatelska MO , the Security Service S u ba Bezpiecze stwa SB , the Polish Ministry of Defense Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej MON , the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of Foreign Affairs Poland MSZ and the National Bank of Poland National Bank of Poland NBP . The Poles also pressed Warsaw Pact states to adopt the DUDEK sets for international traffic. The DUDEK series used random symmetric keys provided on paper tapes, which were XORed by the unit with the plaintext provided from the teleprinter or recorded on different paper tapes. The DUDEK sets were to be used in conjunction with teleprinters like the Siemens Ceska Zbrojovka T 100 or the RFT T 51. The maximum transmission speed was at 50 or 75 Baud. The system was cleared up to the top secret level by the Poles provided that it served within the TEMPEST Tempested environment. A newer and slightly improved model using the TTL technology instead of toroid cores logic was developed in the late 1970s and named the TgS 3 DUDEK . The last DUDEK sets were retired by the Policja Polish Police as of January 1, 2011. Versions At least four basic versions are known to have existed TgS 1 basic version. TgS 1M mobile version. TgS 1MS mobile version. TgS 3 a newer version introduced into the service in Poland in the early 1980s, which used the TTL technology instead of toroid cores logic. Each version also had derivative models, which differed with regard to the type of punched paper readers and the associated ... more details
consisting originally of two or more electromechanics electromechanical teleprinter s in different ... File HAL3100.jpg thumb Electronic RTTY terminal, ca. 1980 Landline teleprinter operations ... that is still in use today. Teleprinter system design was gradually improved until, at the beginning ... evolved from these earlier landline teleprinter operations. The US Navy Department successfully ... even over long distances. From the 1980s, teleprinters were replaced by computers running teleprinter ... distinct parts The Teletype or teleprinter , the modem and the radio . The Teletype or teleprinter is an electromechanical ... Corporation, so the terms TTY , RTTY , RATT and teleprinter are usually used to describe a generic ... heavy, complex and noisy and they have been replaced with electronic units. The teleprinter includes ... media. The line output of a teleprinter can be at either digital logic levels 5 V signifies ... a 1 and 80 V a 0 . When no traffic is passed, the line idles at the mark state. When a key of the teleprinter keyboard is pressed, a 5 bit character is generated. The teleprinter converts it to Serial ... or 2 bits . When a sequence of start bit, 5 data bits and stop bit arrives at the input of the teleprinter ... this limitation, the teleprinter has two states , the unshifted or letters state and the shifted ... state the teleprinter prints the letters and space while in the shifted state it prints the numerals ... called the terminal unit and is an electronic device which is connected between the teleprinter ... by the teleprinter or tape reader to one or the other of a pair of audio frequency tones, traditionally ... . From this analysis, it is clear that the transmission speed is a characteristic of the teleprinter ... Radio operators outside of Canada and the United States began to acquire surplus teleprinter and receive ... surplus teleprinter equipment continued to spread and before long it was possible to work all ... for the teleprinter. Most of the terminal unit equipment used for receiving RTTY signals was homebuilt ... more details
comparison of Baudot code and Murray code http www.bookrags.com research teleprinter and teletype woi Teleprinter and Teletype http www.wia.org.au members digital rtty Radioteletype or RTTY Wireless ... more details
For the United Kingdom British code word for World War II Germany German stream cipher teleprinter secure communications devices, see Fish cryptography . The FISH FIbonacci SHrinking stream cipher is a fast software based stream cipher using Lagged Fibonacci generator s, plus a concept from the shrinking generator cipher. It was published by Siemens AG Siemens in 1993. FISH is quite fast in software and has a huge key length . However, in the same paper where he proposed Pike cipher Pike , Ross J. Anderson Ross Anderson showed that FISH can be broken with just a few thousand bit s of known plaintext . References citation first1 Uwe last1 Bl cher first2 Markus last2 Dichtl contribution Fish A fast software stream cipher title Proc. Fast Software Encryption 1993 year 1994 series Lecture Notes in Computer Science publisher Springer Verlag volume 809 pages 41 44 doi 10.1007 3 540 58108 1 4 . citation first Ross J. last Anderson contribution On Fibonacci keystream generators title Proc. Fast Software Encryption 1994 year 1995 series Lecture Notes in Computer Science publisher Springer Verlag volume 1008 pages 346 352 doi 10.1007 3 540 60590 8 26 . Cryptography navbox stream Category Stream ciphers Category Fibonacci numbers Crypto stub ... more details
about the information technology the India n mobile service provider Bharti Airtel citation style date November 2011 Airtel is an outdated data communication process used internally within the FBI in addition to teleprinter Teletype and Fax facsimile . It indicates a letter that must be typed and mailed on the same day. http links.jstor.org sici?sici 0022 4642 198805 54 3A2 3C201 3ATFATCR 3E2.0.CO 3B2 X The FBI official abbreviation for airtel is A T. http www.archives.gov research jfk fbi abbreviations.html Airtels are indexed automatically by a ZyIndex searchable database, which stores and retrieves full text documents. http www.usdoj.gov oig special 0203 chapter2.htm Airtels are marked by precedence immediate, priority, or routine. They are also marked by classification top secret, secret, confidential, unclassified EFTO Encrypted For Transmission Only , and unclassified. The inefficiencies inherent in the FBI s use of airtels was responsible for an investigation conducted by the Office of the Inspector General of the FBI that culminated in the 2002 report entitled An Investigation of the Belated Production of Documents in the Oklahoma City Bombing Case. http www.usdoj.gov oig special 0203 report.pdf References http www.amazon.co.uk dp product description 0471122971 The Electronic Privacy Sourcebook http www.jstor.org pss 2209399 JSTOR The FBI and the Civil Rights Movement during the Kennedy Years From the Freedom Rides to Albany FBI Category Federal Bureau of Investigation Category History of telecommunications in the United States ... more details
newspaper in the UK and for many years was the world s largest private teleprinter network. Other ... the teleprinter field with their Model 1P, which was soon superseded by the improved Model 2P. In 1925 ... Baudot code, and it was used for their new Model 3 Tape Teleprinter of 1927. This machine printed ... of 65 words per minute and was the first combined start stop transmitter receiver teleprinter from ... more details
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