A term sheet is a bullet point document outlining the material terms and conditions of a business agreement. After a term sheet has been executed , it guides legal counsel in the preparation of a proposed final agreement . It then guides, but is not necessarily binding, as the signatories negotiate, usually with legal counsel, the final terms of their agreement. A term sheet implies the terms of a business transaction, as proposed by a party. It may be either binding or non binding. Term sheets are very similar to letter of intent letters of intent LOI in that they are both preliminary, mostly non binding documents meant to record two or more parties intentions to enter into a future agreement based on specified but incomplete or preliminary terms. The difference between the two is slight and mostly a matter of style an LOI is typically written in letter form and focuses on the parties intentions a term sheet skips most of the formalities and lists deal terms in bullet point or similar format. There is an implication that an LOI only refers to the final form. A term sheet may be a proposal, not an agreed to document. Within the context of venture capital financing, a term sheet typically includes conditions for financing a startup company . The key offering terms in such a term sheet include a amount raised, b price per share, c pre money valuation, d liquidation preference, e voting rights, f anti dilution provisions, and g registration rights ref http www.nvca.org index.php?option com docman&task doc download&gid 75&Itemid 93 ref See also Memorandum of understanding References Refimprove date May 2008 reflist External links http www.investopedia.com terms t termsheet.asp Definition from Investopedia http nvca.org index.php?option com content&view article&id 108&Itemid 136 NVCA Model Term Sheet Category Legal documents law term stub ... more details
nofootnotes date March 2010 For the Jacobean play by Thomas Middleton Michaelmas Term play Michaelmas term is the first academic term of the academic year in a number of English speaking universities and schools, especially in the United Kingdom . Michaelmas term derives its name from Michaelmas the Feast of St Michael and All Angels , which falls on 29 September. The term runs from September or October to Christmas and is the only term name shared by Cambridge and Oxford. The legal year The term is also the name of the first of four terms into which the legal year is divided by the Courts of England and Wales . While the name is not used in the United States court systems, the United States Supreme Court nevertheless follows the custom by beginning its year long term on the first Monday in October, a date which generally coincides with Michaelmas. Universities Universities in the United Kingdom and Ireland which use the name Michaelmas term include University of Cambridge University of Oxford ... of London colleges. It also used to be the third and final term at the University of Sydney before ... made by Council on 8 May 2002, Michaelmas Term begins on and includes 1 October and ends on and includes ... , University of Oxford, UK. ref In Michaelmas Term, as in Hilary Term and in Trinity Term , there is a period of eight weeks known as Full Term, beginning on a Sunday, within which lectures and other ... each Full Term will begin and end in the next academic year but one are published by the Registrar in the University Gazette during Hilary Term. ref name Oxford Regs Schools Schools in the United Kingdom which use the name Michaelmas term include Abingdon School Amesbury School Bradfield College Bristol ... term include Thomas M. Cooley Law School See also Hilary term Lent term Summer term Trinity term Easter term Epiphany term References reflist http web2.comlab.ox.ac.uk ox terms.html Oxford University Dates of Full Terms http www.lamp.ac.uk uni term dates.htm University of Wales, Lampeter Dates of Terms ... more details
dablink This article is about the legal and political issue for the book by Vince Flynn see Term Limits novel . Refimprove date October 2007 see also Rotation in office A term limit is a legal restriction that limits the number of Term of office terms a officeholder may serve in a particular elected office. When term limits are found in Presidential system presidential and semi presidential system ..., while, in other cases, the restrictions are merely on the number of consecutive terms. Use of term limits see also List of political term limits Ancient history Term limits have a long history. Ancient ... imposing a limit of a single term on the office of Roman censor censor . The annual magistrates Tribune ... Many modern presidential system presidential republics employ term limits for their highest offices ... States Constitution Constitution in 1951. There are no term limits for Vice President of the United ... Senate Senators , although there have been calls for term limits for those offices. Under various ... have term limits. Formal limits in America date back to the 1682 Pennsylvania Charter of Liberties ..., 1909 5 3048, 3055 56, 3065. ref See also term limits in the United States . The Russia Russian Federation ... federal subjects , the same two term limit existed until 2004, but now there are no term limits for governors. Term limits are also common in Latin America, where most countries are also presidential ... of Mexico Senate cannot be reelected for the next immediate term under article 50 and 59 of the Constitution ... six year term. This makes every presidential election in Mexico a non incumbent election. Countries that operate a parliamentary system of government are less likely to employ term limits on their leaders. This is because such leaders rarely have a set term at all rather, they serve as long as they have ..., such countries may impose term limits on the holders of other offices&mdash in republics, for example, a ceremonial presidency may have a term limit, especially if the office holds reserve power ... more details
Aristotelianism In philosophy , term logic , also known as traditional logic or Aristotelianism Aristotelian ... to the term logic needed to understand philosophy texts written before predicate logic came ... and ideas of term logic can have difficulty understanding such texts, because their authors typically assumed an acquaintance with term logic. Aristotle s system Aristotle s logical work is collected ... and formal inference, and it is principally this part of Aristotle s works that is about term logic ... terms hence the name two term theory or term logic and that the reasoning process is in turn built from propositions The term is a part of speech representing something, but which is not true or false in its own right, such as man or mortal . The proposition consists of two terms, in which one term ... which combinations of true premises yield true conclusions. The term A term Greek horos is the basic ... or denial. For Aristotle, a term is simply a thing , a part of a proposition. For early modern .... See the book by Prior below for an excellent discussion of the problem . The proposition In term ... grammatical. A singular term for Aristotle is that which is of such a nature as to be predicated ... feature of term logic is that, of the four terms in the two premises, one must occur twice ... to the order of the middle term in relation to the major and minor terms Figure 1 Middle Term, Major Term Minor Term, Middle Term Minor term, Major Term Figure 2 Major Term, Middle Term Minor Term, Middle Term Minor Term, Major Term Figure 3 Middle Term, Major Term Middle Term, Minor Term Minor Term, Major Term Figure 4 Major Term, Middle Term Middle Term, Minor Term Minor Term, Major Term Sorted ... , the Kantian categories, and the petitio principii problem Decline of term logic Term ... rather than terms, but otherwise followed many of the conventions of term logic and was influential ... of George Boole Boole and John Venn Venn , typically yielded systems highly influenced by the term logic ... more details
Term frequency TF is a measure of how often a term is found in a collection of documents. TF is combined with inverse document frequency IDF as a means of determining which documents are most relevant to a query. TF is sometimes also used to measure how often a word appears in a specific document. The most common structure for storing and calculating TF are hash table s, e.g. NLTK FreqDist function uses this. ling stub References unreferenced date March 2012 reflist Category Computational linguistics ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2007 Backpacker is a term usually used for people who listen to underground hip hop underground Hip hop music hip hop Rap music rap . History Backpacker was originally a slang term from the 1980s for a graffiti artist who always wore a backpack containing his music collection and, more importantly, his aerosol paint spraypaint cans , markers , and spray nozzle spray tips . Typically, the music collection would consist of local underground hip hop underground rap hip hop music artists. The term gradually came to refer to someone with this musical taste, and now has almost nothing to do with graffiti although certain backpackers may participate in graffiti tagging. It has come full circle now and is sometimes used as a derogatory term by the mainstream to describe underground hip hop fans. Category Hip hop fashion hiphop stub ... more details
In English contract law , an innominate term is an intermediate term which cannot be defined as either a condition or a warranty . ref http www.pkykwong.com eng faq contract.html ref In Hong Kong Fir Shipping Co. Ltd v. Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha 1962 2 QB 26 the Court of Appeal of England and Wales first conceived the notion of an innominate term This was followed in the case of The Mihalis Angelos 1971 1 QB 174 References references Category English contract law Category 1962 in England Category 1962 in law Category English legal terms England law stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In theoretical physics , one often analyzes theories with supersymmetry in which D terms play an important role. In four dimensions, the minimal N 1 supersymmetry may be written using a superspace . This superspace involves four extra fermionic coordinates math theta 1, theta 2, bar theta 1, bar theta 2 math , transforming as a two component spinor and its conjugate. Every superfield, i.e. a field that depends on all coordinates of the superspace, may be expanded with respect to the new fermionic coordinates. The generic kind of superfields, typically a vector superfield , indeed depend on all these coordinates. The last term in the corresponding expansion, namely math D theta 1 theta 2 bar theta 1 bar theta 2 math , is called the D term. Manifestly supersymmetric Lagrangian s may also be written as integral s over the whole superspace. Some special terms, such as the superpotential , may be written as integrals over math theta math s only, which are known as F term s, and should be contrasted with the present D terms. See also F term Supersymmetric gauge theory DEFAULTSORT D Term Category Supersymmetry it D Termine Particle stub ... more details
wikify date November 2011 In computer science , term indexing is the task of creating an index search engine index of terms and clauses in a collection. Many operations in automatic Automated theorem prover theorem prover s require search in huge collections of terms and clauses. Such operations typically fall into the following scheme. Given a collection math S math of terms clauses and a query term clause math q math , find in math S math some all terms math t math related to math q math according to a certain retrieval condition. Most interesting retrieval conditions are formulated as existence of a substitution that relates in a special way the query and the retrieved objects math t math . Here is a list of retrieval conditions frequently used in provers term math q math is unifiable with term math t math , i.e., there exists a substitution math theta math , such that math q theta math math t theta math term math t math is an instance of math q math , i.e., there exists a substitution math theta math , such that math q theta math math t math term math t math is a generalisation of math q math , i.e., there exists a substitution math theta math , such that math q math math t theta ... just in establishing existence of such substitutions. Very often the sizes of term sets to be searched ... term from math S math , becomes prohibitively costly. To overcome this problem, special data structures ... with the accompanying algorithms for index maintenance and retrieval, are called term indexing techniques ... reading P. Graf, Term Indexing, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1053, 1996 slightly outdated overview R. Sekar and I.V. Ramakrishnan and A. Voronkov, Term Indexing, in A. Robinson and A. Voronkov ... with Discrimination Tree Indexing and Path Indexing for Term Retrieval, Journal of Automated Reasoning ... and R. Nieuwenhuis and P. Nivela, Fast Term Indexing with Coded Context Trees, Journal of Automated ... and Relational Path Indexing, Information and Computation, 199 1 2 , 2005 DEFAULTSORT Term Indexing ... more details
nofootnotes date July 2010 refimprove date July 2010 wiktionary umbrella term An umbrella term is a word that provides a subset superset or grouping of concept s that all fall under a single common category. Umbrella term is also called a hypernym . For example, cryptology is an umbrella term that encompasses cryptography and cryptanalysis , among other fields. Similarly, an umbrella organization is a central and coordinating body representing a number of smaller, separate bodies. The closely related blanket term is a Morpheme word or phrase that is used to describe multiple groups of related things. The degree of relation may vary, even have a minimal relationship, but blanket terms often trade specificity for ease of use in other words, a blanket term by itself gives little detail about the things that it describes or the relationships between them, but is easy to say and remember. Blanket terms may originate as slang , and eventually become integrated into the general vocabulary. Examples of umbrella terms In archaeology and anthropology Grave goods Venus figurines They extend over diverse time periods. Votive deposit They are essentially in every human culture tribe . Standing stone In earth science Punctuated equilibrium was coined in 1972 in the category of evolution , or speciation , etc., but could obviously be applied to other topics . Punctuated equilibrium is different from gradualism . Other Straw man two dictionary definitions Psychokinesis numerous alleged psychic force abilities described under this term Psychosis describes nine distinct diagnoses Daltonism umbrella for various color blindness problems Intellectual property umbrella for certain exclusive rights ... Iranian a scholarly term and not the country , Slav or Bantu languages Bantu many are ethno linguistic ... Dictionary publisher Random House location New York date 1992 refend Category Vocabulary cy Term mantell de Oberbegriff es T rmino global ru simple Umbrella term ckb uk ... more details
The term of a patent is the maximum period during which it can be maintained into force. It is usually expressed in number of years either starting from the filing date of the patent application or from the date of grant of the patent. In most patent law s, renewal annuities or maintenance fee patent maintenance fee s have to be regularly paid in order to keep the patent in force. Otherwise the patent lapses before its term. The term of a patent or specific claim patent claims in a patent may also be curtailed by judgment of a court, as where a claim or patent is held invalid under the relevant law, and thus no longer enforceable. International harmonization Significant international harmonization of patent term across national laws was provided in the 1990s by the implementation of the World ... Agreement . Article 33 of the TRIPs Agreement provides that the The term of protection available for patents ..., in most patent laws nowadays, the term of patent is 20 years from the filing date of the application .... Their term is usually 6 or 10 years. United States main Term of patent in the United States In the United States, for utility patents filed on or after June 8, 1995, the term of the patent is 20 ... filed prior to June 8, 1995, the term of patent is either 20 years from the earliest earliest ... on decorative, non functional features the term is 14 years from the issue date. If the United States ... to give a European patent a term of 20 years from the actual date of filing an application for a European ... right priority date . The term of a granted European patent may be extended under national law if national law provides term extension to compensate for pre marketing regulatory approval. ref EPC ... 35 154 Contents and term of patent provisional rights http www.uspto.gov web offices pac mpep documents 2700 2701.htm 2701 Patent Term 2700 Patent Terms and Extensions in Manual of Patent Examining ... to the protection conferred by certain patents in the European Union DEFAULTSORT Term Of Patent ... more details
about F term in theoretical physics the patent classification used in Japan F term patent law Unreferenced date August 2009 In theoretical physics , one often analyzes theories with supersymmetry in which F terms play an important role. In four dimensions, the minimal N 1 supersymmetry may be written using a superspace . This superspace involves four extra fermionic coordinates math theta 1, theta 2, bar theta 1, bar theta 2 math , transforming as a two component spinor and its conjugate. Every superfield i.e. a field that depends on all coordinates of the superspace may be expanded with respect to the new fermionic coordinates. There exists a special kind of superfields, the so called chiral superfield s, that only depend on the variables math theta math but not their conjugates. The last term in the corresponding expansion, namely math F theta 1 theta 2 math , is called the F term. Applying an infinitesimal supersymmetry transformation to a chiral superfield results in yet another chiral superfield whose F term, in particular, changes by a total derivative. This is significant because then math int d 4x , F x math is invariant under SUSY transformations as long as boundary terms vanish. Thus F terms may be used in constructing supersymmetric actions. Manifestly supersymmetric Lagrangian s may also be written as integral s over the whole superspace. Some special terms, such as the superpotential , may be written as integrals over math theta math s only. They are also referred to as F terms, much like the terms in the ordinary potential that arise from these terms of the supersymmetric Lagrangian. See also D term Supersymmetric gauge theory Category Supersymmetry particle stub it F Termine ... more details
Infobox Film name Term of Trial image size image Term of Trial FilmPoster.jpeg caption director Peter Glenville producer writer James Barlow small novel small br Peter Glenville narrator starring Laurence Olivier br Simone Signoret music Jean Michel Damase cinematography Oswald Morris editing Jim Clark distributor Warner Path UK br Warner Bros. Pictures released 1962 in film 1962 runtime 130 min. country FilmUK language English budget preceded by followed by Term of Trial is a 1962 in film 1962 United Kingdom British drama film made by Romulus Films Ltd. and distributed by Warner Bros. Warner Path . It was written and directed by Peter Glenville and produced by James Woolf with James H. Ware as associate producer from a screenplay based on the novel of the same name by James Barlow. The music score was by Jean Michel Damase and the cinematography by Oswald Morris . The film stars Laurence Olivier , Simone Signoret , Sarah Miles with Terence Stamp , Hugh Griffith , Roland Culver , Dudley Foster and Thora Hird . The film marked the screen debuts of Miles and Stamp. Cast Laurence Olivier as Graham Weir Simone Signoret as Anna Sarah Miles as Shirley Taylor Terence Stamp as Mitchell Hugh Griffith as O Hara Roland Culver as Trowman Dudley Foster as Detective Sergeant Keirnan Frank Pettingell as Ferguson Thora Hird as Mrs. Taylor Norman Bird as Mr. Taylor Allan Cuthbertson as Sylvan Jones Barbara Ferris as Joan Rosamund Greenwood as Constance Nicholas Hannen actor Nicholas Hannen as Magistrate Derren Nesbitt as Lodger External links imdb title id 0056568 title Term of Trial Peter Glenville Category 1962 films Category British drama films Category English language films Category 1960s drama films Category Films about educators Category Films directed by Peter Glenville 1960s drama film stub fr Le Verdict film, 1962 pt Term of Trial tr Term of Trial ... more details
In mathematical logic , universal algebra , and rewriting system s, terms are expressions which can be recursive definition obtained from constant symbols, variable logic variables and function symbol logic function symbols . Constant symbols are the 0 ary functions, so no special syntactic class is needed for them. Terms that do not contain variables are known as ground term s they are used to form ground expression s. Term first order logic Terms in first order logic are essentially defined this way. Given a signature logic signature for the function symbols, the set of all possible terms that can be freely generated from the constants, variables and functions form a term algebra . An expression formed by applying a predicate logic predicate to a sequence of terms, whose length matches the arity of the predicate or one of the allowed arities, in the case of a multigrade operator multigrade predicate , is known as an atomic formula . In Principle of bivalence bivalent logics , given an interpretation logic interpretation , this atomic formula will then be true or false. Formal definition A term may be defined as math t equiv c x f t 1 , ..., t n math , That is, a term is recursive definition recursively defined to be a constant c a named object from the domain of discourse , or a variable x ranging over the objects in the domain of discourse , or an n ary function f whose arguments are terms t sub k sub . Functions map tuple s of objects to objects. References cite book author1 Franz Baader author2 Tobias Nipkow title Term Rewriting and All That year 1999 publisher Cambridge University Press isbn 9780521779203 pages 1 2 and 34 35 Mathlogic stub Category Mathematical logic Category Rewriting systems ... more details
wiktionary redirect Sehnsucht term Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Contract law A contractual term is Any provision forming part of a contract ref Martin, E ed & Law, J ed , Oxford Dictionary of Law , ed6 2006, London OUP . ref Each term gives rise to a contract ual obligation ... of the contract . Classification of term Condition or Warranty Conditions are terms that go to the very ... or a warranty will give rise to damages . It is an objective matter of fact whether a term goes .... ref Bettini v Gye 1876 1 QBD 183 ref Statute may also declare a term or nature of term to be a condition ... of Parliament Act are conditions save in certain defined circumstances. Innominate term Lord ... created the concept of an innominate term, Breach of Contract breach of which may or not go to the root ... Line Ltd. v Hansen Tangen . ref 1976 3 All ER 570 ref Status as a term Status as a term is important as a party can only take lawsuit legal action for the non fulfillment of a term as opposed to representations or mere puffs. Statements Legally speaking, only statements that amount to a term create ... not amount to a term of the contract but it is one that the maker of the statement does not guarantee ... misrepresentation . Term A term is similar to a representation, but the truth of the statement is guaranteed ... of Breach of Contract a term may further be categorized as a condition, warranty or innominate term. Determination of nature of a statement There are various factor that a court may take ... , when in fact it was a 1939 model car. It was held that the statement did not become a term because ... v Paramount Estates Ltd. ref 1856 16 EG 396 ref provided that a very important spoken term may persist ... Law. Implied terms See also Implied terms in English law A Term may either be expressed or implied. An Express term is stated by the parties during negotiation or written in a contractual document ... ref 1977 180 CLR 266 ref Reasonableness and equitableness The implied term must be reasonable and equitable. Business efficacy The implied term must be necessary for the business efficacy of the contract ... more details
There is no really adequate definition of singular term . Here are some definitions proposed by different writers A term that tells us which individual is being talked about. John Stuart Mill , Arthur Prior , P. F. Strawson ref Strawson 1950, Prior 1976, Mill 1908 ref A term that is grammatically singular, i.e. a proper name proprium nomen , a demonstrative pronoun pronomen demonstrativum or a demonstrative pronoun with a common name cum termino communi . William of Ockham ref Ockham, loc. cit. ref A term that is inherently about the object to which it applies or Reference refers . Gottlob Frege ref Frege 1892 ref A term that is true in the same sense of only one object. Peter of Spain ref Hispanus 1947 ref References reflist Works cited Frege, G. 1892 On Sense and Reference , originally published as ber Sinn und Bedeutung in Zeitschrift f r Philosophie und philosophische Kritik , vol. 100, pp. 25 50. Transl. Geach & Black 56 78. Mill, J.S., A System of Logic , London 1908 8th edition . Petrus Hispanus, Summulae Logicales , ed. I. M. Bochenski Turin, 1947 also quoted in Prior 1976 Prior, A.N. The Doctrine of Propositions & Terms London 1976 Strawson, P.F. On Referring , Mind 1950 pp. 320 44. William of Ockham, Sum of Logic Summa logicae Paris 1448, Bologna 1498, Venice 1508, Oxford 1675 Category Grammar Category Names Category Concepts in logic Category Philosophy of language ur ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2007 Image Orna139 Hermen.png thumb 230px Terminal figures copied from French and Antwerp 16th century Mannerism Mannerist pattern books. In Classical architecture a term or terminal figure is a human head and bust that continues as a square tapering pillarlike form. If the bust is of Hermes as protector of boundaries in ancient Greek culture, with male genitals interrupting the plain base at the appropriate height, it may be called a herma or herm . The crime of Alcibiades and his drinking mates, for which Socrates eventually indirectly paid with his life, was the desecration of herm figures through Athens in the dead of night. At the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, the Lady of Ephesus, whom the Greeks identified with Artemis, was a many breasted goddess encased in a tapering term, from which her feet protruded. See illustration at Temple of Artemis . In the architecture and the painted architectural decoration of the European Renaissance and the succeeding Classicism Classical styles , term figures are quite common. Often they represent minor deities associated with fields and vineyards and the edges of woodland, Pan mythology Pan and faun s and Bacchante s especially, and they may be draped with garlands of fruit and flowers. Term figures were a particularly characteristic feature of the 16th century style in furniture and carved interior decoration that is called Antwerp Mannerism . Engravings disseminated the style through Germany and England. Term figures as table supports or employed as candlestands French gu ridon were characteristic of the Late Baroque Louis XIV style in France, the Low Countries and England, revived in the neo Palladian furniture designed by William Kent and employed again in the French Empire style of the early 19th century. Category Architectural elements ... more details
infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name End of Term orig title translator image Image AntoniaForest EndOfTerm.jpg 200px First edition cover image caption First edition cover author Antonia Forest cover artist country United Kingdom language English language English series genre Novel publisher Faber and Faber release date December 1959 media type Print Hardcover Hardback & Paperback pages 238 pp hardback edition isbn ISBN 0 571 05707 1 hardback edition preceded by Falconer s Lure followed by Peter s Room End of Term is a book by United Kingdom British children s author Antonia Forest , published in 1959. End of Term is the fourth Marlow book, between Falconer s Lure and Peter s Room . Plot introduction The Marlow sisters, less Karen and Rowan, return for another term at Kingscote School for Girls . As the title suggests, the focus of this book is on the End of Term activities, particularly the Christmas Play performed in Wade Minster. Skullduggery over the netball team and a visit from their frightening Grandmother make this a less than enjoyable term for Nicola Marlow. Plot summary Nicola s merlin, the Sprog, makes off from the train when she is on her way back to school, taking a sparrow for the first time in his life. Returning to the station, she finds a new girl, Esther Frewen. Esther s parents are divorced and have sent her to boarding school because she doesn t quite fit in their new lives. She is not too worried about this, but mainly about leaving her puppy, Daks, behind. A few weeks into term, Nicola, along with most of the school, is shocked to find that she has been left out of the Junior Netball team. In fact, this is the work of Lois Sanger, Nicola s old enemy and now school Games Captain. She is a soloist in the Christmas Play, but does not find this much consolation. Half term is less fun than expected, mainly because ... dominated the production. Category 1959 novels End of Term Category British novels End of Term ... more details
a goal directed, pre programmed process and in the short term consists merely of situational adjustments, which may also result in a decrease of complexity. The term biological devolution devolution ... worldviews, the term evolution sometimes capitalized as Evolution strictly refers to biological ... of the term. By the 21st century, evolution has the meaning of the result of self organization of pattern ... Evolution Term Category English words Category Evolution id Evolusi istilah ... more details
Term Discrimination is a way to rank keywords in how useful they are for Information Retrieval . Overview This is a method similar to tf idf but it deals with finding keywords suitable for information retrieval and ones that are not. Please refer to Vector Space Model first. This method uses the concept of Vector Space Density that the less dense an occurrence matrix is, the better an information retrieval query will be. An optimal index term is one that can distinguish two different documents from each other and relate two similar documents. On the other hand, a sub optimal index term can not distinguish two different document from two similar documents. The discrimination value is the difference in the occurrence matrix s vector space density versus the same matrix s vector space without the index term s density. Let math A math be the occurrence matrix math A k math be the occurrence matrix without the index term math k math and math Q A math be density of math A math . Then The discrimination value of the index term math k math is math DV k Q A Q A k math How to compute Given an occurrency matrix math A math and one keyword math k math Find the global document centroid math C math this is just the average document vector Find the average euclidean distance from every document vector, math D i math to math C math Find the average euclidean distance from every document vector, math D i math to math C math IGNORING math k math The difference between the two values in the above step is the discrimination value for keyword math K math A higher value is better because including the keyword will result in better information retrieval. Qualitative Observations Keywords that are Sparse matrix sparse should be poor discriminators because they have poor Precision and recall recall , whereas keywords that are frequent should be poor discriminators because they have poor Precision ... space model was first presented Can, F., Ozkarahan, E. A 1987 , Computation of term document ... more details
In scholastic logic , a syncategorematic term syncategoremata is a word that cannot serve as the subject or the predicate of a proposition, and thus cannot stand for any of Aristotle s categories, but can be used with other terms to form a proposition. Words such as all , and , if are examples of such terms. ref Grant, p. 120. ref The distinction between categorematic and syncategorematic terms was established in ancient Greek grammar. Words that designate self sufficient entities i.e., nouns or adjectives were called categorematic, and those that do not stand by themselves were dubbed syncategorematic, i.e., prepositions, logical connectives, etc. . Priscian in his Institutiones grammaticae ref Priscian, Institutiones grammaticae , II, 15 ref translates the word as consignificantia . Scholastics retained the difference, which became a dissertable topic after the 13th century revival of logic. William of Sherwood , a representative of terminism, wrote a treatise called Syncategoremata . Later his pupil, Peter of Spain , produced a similar work entitled Syncategoreumata . ref http plato.stanford.edu entries peter spain 4 Peter of Spain , Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy online ref In propositional calculus , a syncategorematic term is a term that has no individual meaning a term with an individual meaning is called categorematic . Whether a term is syncategorematic or not is determined by the way it is defined or introduced in the language. In the common definition of propositional logic, examples of syncategorematic terms are the logical connectives. Let us take the connective math land math for instance, its semantic rule is math lVert phi land psi rVert 1 math iff math lVert phi rVert lVert psi rVert 1 math So its meaning is defined when it occurs in combination with two formulas math phi math and math psi math . But is has no meaning when taken in isolation, i.e. ... Term Category Logical calculi Category Term logic Category Propositional calculus ... more details
globalize date September 2011 ref improve date October 2011 TWCleanup The term 101 pronounced One Oh One often indicates an introductory level of learning . Origin main Course numbering in North America The term originates from use in American university Course numbering in North America course numbering systems , designed to make articulation education transfer between colleges easier. In theory, any numbered course in one Academic institution institution should bring a student to the same standard as a similarly numbered course available elsewhere within the same Federated state state . ref Forest, J.J.F. 2002 Higher education in the United States an encyclopedia http books.google.co.uk books?id sFFX9OIkF2IC&lpg PA73&dq course 20numbering 20systems&pg PA73 v onepage&q&f false p.73. ABC CLIO. ISBN 1576072487. Retrieved October 2011 ref The standard generally adopted was that the first number refers to the academic level, whilst the following numbers indicate particular wikt specialism speciality within the field of study. 101 is normally a general course at beginners level. citation required date October 2011 References reflist Category Education related terms Category School terminology vocab stub education stub nl 101 term ... more details
refimprove date March 2012 An academic term or term is a division of an academic year , the time during ... of the term system. Terminology A semester from the Latin meaning six monthly has come to mean ... 16 to 18 weeks long. The word semester is sometimes used as a synonym for a term , as in a summer ... for 6 8 weeks in July and August with summer half term classes sometimes starting in the last week ... or quadmester system treats the summer term on an equal footing with the other terms. It divides ... late January to mid December, and is split into four terms Term 1 starts in late January and ends just before Easter Term 2 starts two weeks after Easter and ends in late June. Term 3 starts in mid July and ends mid September. Term 4 starts in early October and ends mid December. The exact dates vary ... six weeks. ref http www.dest.gov.au portfolio department calendar dates school term dates 2008.htm Term dates for 2008 from dest.gov.au ref Most Australian University universities have two semesters ... 24 and end on the first weekday after January 6. The first term ends in Vienna and Lower Austria ... week break between the two terms. In the second term there are the Easter holidays, the Mayday ... term begins in the second week of September and continues for 15 weeks, ending in mid December, excluding one week for mid term break in mid October. The second term begins in the first week of January and continues for 12 weeks, ending at the end of March. The third term begins mid April and continues ... system as YEAR X 1 4 , TERM X 1 4 . Most of the private universities follow a trimester system though ... semester system using Term 1 and Term 2 designations include Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology ... term. After the 1st semester, a small vacation when the school is halted and at the end .... The second term begins and the Winter Holidays are two weeks in February depending on region. Easter Holidays are two weeks in April depending on region. The third term begins then, and ends in early ... more details
In Boolean logic , a product term is a conjunction of literals, where each literal is either a variable or its negation. Examples of product terms include math A wedge B math math A wedge neg B wedge neg C math math neg A math The terminology comes from the similarity of AND to multiplication as in the ring structure of Boolean ring s. Category Boolean algebra mathlogic stub logic stub ... more details
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