Cleanup date May 2011 Nationalism sidebar Territorial nationalism assumes that all inhabitants of a particular nation owe allegiance to their country of birth or adoption. ref name NorthAfrica http books.google.nl books?id 1BmPsVvbbdQC&pg PA22&dq territorial nationalism&client firefox a&cd 5 v onepage&q 22territorial 20nationalism 22&f false Middle East and North Africa Challenge to Western Security by Peter Duignan and L.H. Gann, Hoover Institution Press , 1981, ISBN 978 0817973926 page 22 ref A sacred quality is sought in the nation and in the popular memories it evokes. ref name ternat http books.google.nl books?id 9 vuJusOJkMC&pg PA62&dq 22territorial nationalism 22&client firefox a&cd 1 ... by territorial nationalist ref name ternat A criterion of a territorial nationalism is the establishment ... name ternat Because citizenship rather than ethnicity is idealized by territorial nationalism, it is argued by Athena S. Leoussi and Anthony D. Smith in 2001 that the French Revolution was a territorial nationalistic uprising. ref name ternat Territorial nationalism in Europe In Western Europe national ... Europe . ref name Storey http books.google.com books?id X2AuCIw eAgC&pg PA66&dq Territorial ... v onepage&q Territorial 20nationalism 20Europe&f false Territory The Claiming of Space by David ... . ref name Stalini http books.google.com books?id OcrukduMxHUC&pg PA31&dq Territorial nationalism Europe&hl ... Territorial 20nationalism 20Europe&f false Changing Europe Identities, Nations and Citizens by David ... was promoted. ref name Stalini Territorial nationalism in the Middle East Although territorial ... GAH 1982 1982 pgs1 11.pdf The emergence of territorial nationalism in the contemporary Arab Middle ... ref Especially Egypt and Tunisia had territorial nationalistic policy s after gaining Independence ... of the Middle East . Ed. Avraham Sela . New York Continuum, 2002. pp. 160 166. ref Territorial ... Territorial Nationalism Category Political movements Category Nationalism uk ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2007 Orphan date November 2009 A territorial capital serves as the seat of a territory country subdivision territory . It is usually temporary and changes when the territory is divided into separate districts. Geo term stub Category Geography terminology ... more details
Image TerritorialAbbotCoA PioM.svg right thumb The coat of arms of a territorial abbot are distinguished ... Church hierarchy Equivalents of diocesan bishops in law A territorial abbey or territorial abbacy is a type ... vows vows in his monastery. A territorial abbot also called an abbot nullius di ceseos ... of conferring ordination on priests, the territorial abbot could do almost everything a diocesan bishop ... under his jurisdiction even non monastic priests and deacon s for service in parishes. The territorial ... house of formation located outside the abbot s territory. Though territorial like other abbots are elected by the monks of their abbey, a territorial abbot can only receive the abbatial blessing and be installed ... still exist in Europe, and one in Korea. List of territorial abbeys There are 11 remaining territorial ... , Switzerland Montecassino , Italy Territorial Abbey of Monte Oliveto Maggiore Monte Oliveto Maggiore , Italy Territorial Abbey of Montevergine Montevergine , Italy Pannonhalma Archabbey Pannonhalma , Hungary St. Maurice s Abbey Saint Maurice , Switzerland Italo Albanian Catholic Church Territorial Abbacy of Saint Marry of Grottaferrata Saint Marry of Grottaferrata , Italy Territorial Abbey of Santissima Trinit di Cava de Tirreni Santissima Trinit di Cava de Tirreni , Italy Territorial Abbey of Subiaco Subiaco , Italy Territorial Abbey of Tokwon T kwon , North Korea Ecclesiastically united ..., such as St. Peter Muenster , ref Citation last Cheney first David M. contribution Territorial Abbey ..., but its territorial jurisdiction and duties were absorbed by the Diocese of Saskatoon . St. Alexander ... Belmont Abbey Mary, Help of Christians, which was the territorial abbey of half of North Carolina ... as a territorial abbey in 1977. ref http www.catholic hierarchy.org diocese db006.html Catholic hierarchy.org ... dioceses data typeabby.htm List of Current Territorial Abbacies by Giga Catholic Information Attribution Catholic passim DEFAULTSORT Territorial Abbey Category Ecclesiastical titles Category Organisation ... more details
A territorial designation follows modern peerage titles, linking them to a specific place or places. It is also an integral part of all baronet cies. Within Scotland, a territorial designation proclaims a relationship with a particular area of land. ref name Guidance cite web url http www.lyon court.com lordlyon 616.html title Guidance regarding Baronial Additaments and Territorial Designations publisher Court of the Lord Lyon accessdate 2011 05 22 ref Peerages and baronetcies A territorial designation is an aspect of the creation of modern peerage s that links them to a specific place or places, at least one of which is almost always in the United Kingdom . It is given in the letters patent patent of creation after the actual peerage title itself, of which it is not a part. It is also an integral ... title, and the part after the comma is the territorial designation. These peers should be referred to as The Lady Thatcher and The Lord Callaghan of Cardiff it is incorrect both to use part of the territorial ... Thatcher of Kesteven and The Lord Callaghan are incorrect. Some territorial designations name more ..., territorial designations are used with the creation of almost all baron ies and viscount cies. Higher ..., the full territorial designation must be used. Thus if the Barony of Stanley of Alderley were created ..., usually outside the UK. Scotland Recognition of a Territorial Designation may also be granted in Scotland ... land, generally outwith a town i.e. rural . The Lord Lyon advises that for a territorial designation ... extending to five acres or thereby . ref name Guidance The Territorial Designation in this case ... or feudal nobility. A person bearing a Scottish territorial designation is either a Scottish clan ... of territorial lairdship. These form part of the Law of Name which falls under the jurisdiction of the Lord Lyon King of Arms, and are recognised by the Crown. ... As regards these chiefly, clan, and territorial ... entitlement to a territorial designation, and his right of discretion in recognising these, and their status ... more details
Refimprove date November 2010 Territorial integrity is the principle under international law that nation states should not attempt to promote secession ist movements or to promote border changes in other nation states. Citation needed date December 2009 Conversely it states that imposition by force of a border change is an Casus belli act of aggression . In recent years there has been tension between this principle and the concept of humanitarian intervention under Article 73.b of the United Nations Charter to develop self government, to take due account of the political aspirations of the peoples, and to assist them in the progressive development of their free political institutions, according ... of territorial integrity As far back as we have records, there have been political units claiming a definite ... that the modern idea of territorial integrity began with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. This is disputed. The League of Nations was intended to uphold territorial integrity and other principles ... operation in Europe , territorial integrity became a part of international resolutions. The Helsinki Accords Helsinki Final Act dealt with both inviolability of frontiers and territorial integrity of States , among other things. Territorial integrity in a changing world The recent post World War II strict application of territorial integrity has given rise to a number of problems and, when faced with reality ... January 2001, argued for a more flexible approach to territorial integrity, in line with historical ... that this could create a flexible application of concept of sovereignty and territorial integrity ... Zacher June 2010 . The Normative Bases of the Global Territorial Order. Diplomacy and Statecraft 21 306 323. Mark Zacher 2001 . The Territorial Integrity Norm. International Organization 55 215 250. DEFAULTSORT Territorial Integrity Category International law de Territoriale Integrit t es Integridad territorial fr Int grit territoriale he nl Territoriale integriteit pl Integralno ... more details
about the principle of territorial jurisdiction in international law Territorial principle US fed civ pro Territorial jurisdiction in United States law refers to a court s power over events and persons within the bounds of a particular geographic territory. If a court does not have territorial jurisdiction over the events or persons within it, then the court cannot bind the defendant to an obligation or adjudicate any rights involving them. Territorial jurisdiction is to be distinguished from subject ... particular persons, wherever they may be. Unlike subject matter jurisdiction, territorial jurisdiction may be waived, even unintentionally, by a defendant. Personal jurisdiction, territorial jurisdiction ... judgment. The types of territorial jurisdiction Types of jurisdictional territory within the international ... seas beyond coastal territorial limits, Antarctica , and Outer Space. National flag vessels at sea ... the United States , and how there can be different territorial jurisdiction for different subjects ... of due process limit the exercise of subject or personal jurisdiction beyond territorial limits. Citation Needed date March 2012 The same outer territorial boundaries for subject jurisdiction apply in both ... to its territorial limits. Some states, such as California , have long arm statutes that give their courts ... would not. Territorial jurisdiction problems are acute in cases involving business transactions conducted ... agents. Even more difficult, and more unsettled, territorial jurisdiction issues arise in stream .... Internet cases raise several troublesome territorial jurisdiction problems. For example, a website ... citizen. Courts must decide in which locations, under what circumstances, the exercise of territorial ... . Relationship to venue Venue law Venue and territorial jurisdiction are closely related for practical purposes. A change of venue may be sought either within the territorial jurisdiction of a court ... 1954 Notes references DEFAULTSORT Territorial Jurisdiction Category Civil procedure he ... more details
citations missing date November 2009 A territorial dispute is a disagreement over the possession control of land between two or more sovereign state state s or over the possession or control of land by a new state and occupying power after it has conquered the land from a former state no longer currently recognized by the new state. Image Kashmir map big.jpg right thumb 250px A map showing the Kashmir conflict disputed territory of Kashmir . Context and definitions These disputes are often related to the possession of natural resource s such as river s, fertile farmland, mineral or Petroleum oil resources although the disputes can also be driven by culture , religion and ethnic nationalism . Territorial disputes result often from vague and unclear language in a treaty that set up the original boundary. Territorial disputes are a major cause of war s and terrorism as states often try to assert their sovereignty over a territory through invasion, and non state entities try to influence the actions of politicians through terrorism. International law does not support the use of force by one state to annex the territory of another state. The http www.un.org aboutun charter chapter1.htm UN Charter says All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner ... forces. Even though a long term occupation is generally maintained as a means to act upon a territorial ... disputes and other territorial claims that one party justifies on the basis of former cultural or ethnic attachment. See also List of territorial disputes Fait accompli Status quo ante bellum Thalweg ... after the chronological lists of statesmen of Territorial Disputes it is party to https www.cia.gov library publications the world factbook fields 2070.html Territorial disputes in CIA World Factbook ... FloridaStateUniversity International Border Studies Category Disputed territories Territorial dispute ... more details
Seealso Indian Territorial Force Unreferenced date December 2009 The Territorial Force TF was the volunteer reserve component of the British Army from 1908 to 1920, when it became the Territorial Army United Kingdom Territorial Army . Origins The Territorial Force was originally formed by the Secretary of State for War , Richard Burdon Haldane , following the enactment of the Territorial and Reserve ... to be liable for overseas service in 1910, when asked to nominate for Territorial Force Imperial ... of the British Army Territorial Force 1908 On formation, the TF contained 14 infantry division ... battalions of territorial infantry. In addition, there were 23 volunteer batteries of the Royal ... officer attached as full time adjutant. Every Territorial battalion of infantry was attached to a regular ..., and seven Territorial battalions numbered the 4th through 10th. The original divisions of the Territorial ... I , Territorial units were given the option of serving in France and by August 25 in excess of 70 battalion s had volunteered. This question over the availability of Territorial formations for overseas ... s Army New Army separately. A second line of Territorial units were raised by the respective County ... line Territorial Force divisions were British 45th 2nd Wessex Division 45th 2nd Wessex Division ... territorial association early 1918 65th 2nd Lowland Division broken up 18 March 1918 British 66th Infantry Division 66th 2nd East Lancashire Division 67th 2nd Home Counties Division lost territorial association early 1918 68th 2nd Welsh Division lost territorial association early 1918 69th 2nd East Anglian Division lost territorial association early 1918 By the end of the war 692 Territorial Force ... of third line battalions were raised. Also considered divisions of the Territorial Force were 71st ... Division, formed early 1917 from various Territorial Force and Indian Army battalions Territorial ... army divisions for a total of eleven by early 1915. The first Territorial division to join the fighting ... more details
File Territorial arch SFNM.jpg thumb 250px right Territorial architecture featured square columns, dentils and window and door trim Territorial architecture was a style of building developed and used in the New Mexico Territory from the time of the American occupation in 1846 until 1912, ref Bunting, Bainbridge, Early Architecture in New Mexico , University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque 1976 p. 88 ref at which time New Mexico stopped being a Territory country subdivision territory and became a Federated state state . Following the increase of its popularity in the 1930s and 1940s it became referred to as the Territorial Revival architecture Territorial Revival style. Early history When the Americans, under General Stephen W. Kearny Stephen Kearney , arrived in New Mexico in August, 1846 they did not find the fabled and fabulous cities that they had expected. Rather they found a built environment that was totally alien to what they were accustomed. James Bennett, a dragoon U.S. dragoon , describes Las Vegas, New Mexico as a great pile of unbaked brick adding, Upon closer inspection everything about the town was dirty and filthy... with miserable dirty streets that all look alike ref name Dragoon Book cite book last Bennett first James Augustus title Forts and forays a dragoon in New ... pages 52 54 url 0826317464 ref File Oldest Territorial home.jpg thumb 272px right Oldest surviving Territorial house in Santa Fe Development by Anglo Americans Soon increasing numbers of Anglo ... dentils in the courses. File Vernacular territorial .jpg thumb 200px right Vernacular or Folk Territorial ... used. ref name Conron and Lent Folk Territorial Style A vernacular subgroup of the Territorial Style is known as the Folk Territorial Style or Folk Carpenter Style. It lasted from 1860 1935. The style ... until 1900. It came back into use in 1930 in the form of Territorial Revival architecture . References ... in the United States Category Buildings and structures in New Mexico Category Territorial Revival ... more details
Image Zonmar en.svg thumb 300px right Schematic map of maritime zones. Territorial waters , or a territorial ... Depts los convention agreements texts unclos part2.htm UN Convention on the Law of the Sea Territorial ... the baseline sea baseline usually the mean low water mark of a coast al state. The territorial sea ... below. The term territorial waters is also sometimes used informally to describe any area of water ... from which the territorial sea is measured is the low water line along the coast as marked ... convert 24 nmi in length. Internal waters File Ph Territorial Map.png thumb Territorial waters of the Philippines ... such as Indonesia , Japan or the Philippines . Territorial sea A state s territorial sea extends up to 12 nautical miles from its baseline. If this would overlap with another state s territorial sea ... agree otherwise. A state can also choose to claim a smaller territorial sea. Conflicts still occur whenever a coastal nation claims an entire gulf as its territorial waters while other nations only recognize ... of Sidra where Libya has claimed the entire gulf as its territorial waters and the U.S. has twice ... extending from the outer edge of the territorial sea to up to convert 24 nmi from the baseline, within ... customs, fiscal, immigration or sanitary laws and regulations within its territory or territorial ... a territorial sea of less than 12 nautical miles , or less, if it would otherwise overlap another state s contiguous zone. However, unlike the territorial sea there is no standard rule for resolving ... zone extends from the outer limit of the territorial sea to a maximum of 200 nautical miles 370.4 km from the territorial sea baseline, thus it includes the contiguous zone. ref http www.un.org ... Convention, within that portion of its exclusive economic zone beyond its territorial sea. Before 1982, coastal nations arbitrarily extended their territorial waters in an effort to control activities ..., called a coastal nation s territorial waters. Continental shelf Definition Article 76 ref http ... more details
to the origin of territorial spirits who were, at one time, angels administering ... been suggested that God confronts the territorial angels he set over the nations of the earth, who have ... Criticism of the concept of territorial spirits is twofold. The first line of criticism regards ... argues that it is a misnomer to speak of territorial spirits, since the spirits referred to in the above ... banding together and praying a form of spiritual warfare against particular territorial ... on the Demonic ref The concept of territorial spirits and the development of specific spiritual ... of supporters of the theory of territorial spirits. Robert Guelich of Fuller Theological Seminary does not find the concept of territorial spirits within the gospels, and has analyzed this problem in a critical review of Frank E. Peretti s novel This Present Darkness . The question of territorial ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Territorial Operations was a group of eighteen specialist Metropolitan Police units which were set up in 1986 as part of Sir Kenneth Newman s restructuring of the Metropolitan Police Service . The Territorial Operations units were designed to support the Metropolitan Police areas while area based policing was designed to decentralise the operations of New Scotland Yard , the TO units were intended to provide central operational and logistic support to Areas and divisional OCUs Operational Command Unit s . TO designations Due to restructuring of the Metropolitan Police, Territorial Operations as a group has been disbanded. The current term Territorial Policing refers to the co operation of divisional OCUs with pan London units, many of them formerly TO units. The remaining pan London units are now the remit of Central Operations . Where units have been renamed or reassigned, these are listed in italics. TO1 General Department Services and HQ Support TO3 Area Support TO4 Public Carriage Office now the Transport for London Taxicabs of the United Kingdom Public Carriage Office TO5 Central Ticket Office now run by the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency or local borough authorities TO6 Central Services now the Firearms Enquiry Team TO7 Divisional Support now the Charities Office and Borough Licensing Officers TO9 Crime and Divisional Policing Policy Branch TO10 Courts Division TO14 Traffic now CO15 Traffic Operational Command Unit TO18 Public Order Training now CO11 Metropolitan Police Public Order Operational Command Unit TO20 Public Order now CO11 Metropolitan Police Public Order Operational Command Unit TO25 Central Communications Branch now Command, Control, Communication and Information C3i TO26 Metropolitan Police Air Support Unit Air Support Unit TO27 Metropolitan Police Mounted Branch Mounted Branch TO28 Police Dog Section TO29 Thames Division now Marine Support Unit TO31 Community Affairs Branch Vulnerable ... more details
unreferenced date March 2008 A Territorial collectivity lang fr collectivit territoriale , previously collectivit locale within the France French Republic is the generic name for all subnational entities and dependent areas that have an elected local government and per article 72 of the French constitution a certain freedom of administration. Categories regions of France Regions There are 22 regions in metropolitan France and 5 ROM overseas region s . departments of France Departments There are 96 departments in metropolitan France and 5 DOM overseas department s . collectivit d outre mer Collectivit s d outre mer COM There are 5 COM , all overseas. Administrative divisions of New Caledonia Provinces There are 3 provinces , all in New Caledonia . commune in France Communes There are 36,782 communes , in all the French inhabited territories except Saint Barth lemy , Saint Martin and Wallis and Futuna . Other facts New Caledonia is the only French local government that is not a collectivit territoriale . It has its own articles in the French constitution. Since it cannot be categorized, it sometimes unofficially is called a collectivit sui generis , but collectivity is not strictly speaking a legal category. It is sometimes unofficially called a pays d outre mer pays d outre mer because its local legislative assembly the politics of New Caledonia congress can rule using its own lois du pays . Corsica is the only collectivit territoriale that belongs to no category, but its status is very close to that of r gions . The r gions and Corsica are divided into d partements ROMs are divided into DOMs New Caledonia is divided into provinces d partements , COMs except Saint Barthelemy ... of Poya, New Caledonia Poya is the only territorial entity belonging to two upper entities ... , Guadeloupe , Martinique , Mayotte , and La R union are the only territorial entities belonging to two ... s assemblies are called conseil territorial. They are presided over by a pr sident du conseil territorial ... more details
Rivalry The Score The Territorial Cup is a trophy that is awarded to the winner of an American ... of the long standing rivalry between the two schools. The Territorial Cup is one of the oldest trophy ... news?slug ac 7049930 title History of the Territorial Rivalry Trophy between Arizona and Arizona State date October 29, 2010 work Yahoo News publisher accessdate 11 January 2012 ref . History The Territorial Cup was originally awarded to the Arizona Territorial Normal School football team for winning the Arizona Territorial Football League Championship after a season of three games in 1899. As a result ... 2007 11 27 the arizona territorial cup , http lib.asu.edu librarychannel 2007 11 27 the arizona territorial cup . ref The first Big Game against the University of Arizona was played on Thanksgiving .... In 2001 then ASU President Lattie Coor ordered that the Territorial Cup be shared with the University ... of the rivalry and the Territorial Cup is celebrated at a pre game reception for ASU and UA boosters ... of the Territorial Cup until the game is played the next year. In the modern era of the game, it has ... Farm became the presenting sponsor for the State Farm Territorial Cup Series. This series encompasses ... the new State Farm Territorial Cup Series Trophy. Main Article State Farm Territorial Cup Series ... TBA color TBA Arizona State style background TBA color TBA Tucson See also State Farm Territorial ... more details
The territorial principle also territoriality principle is a principle of public international law under which a sovereign state can prosecute criminal offences that are committed within its borders. The principle also bars states from exercising jurisdiction beyond their borders, unless they have jurisdiction under other principles such as the principle of nationality, the passive personality principle, the protective principle, and possibly universal jurisdiction . ref cite journal title Recent Book on International Law Book Review Universal Jurisdiction International and Municipal Legal Perspectives author Randall, Kenneth C. journal American Journal of International Law month July year 2004 ref The Lotus case Lotus case was a key court ruling on the territoriality principle. In 1926, a France French vessel collided with a Turkey Turkish vessel, causing the death of several Turkish nationals. The Permanent Court of International Justice ruled that Turkey had jurisdiction to try the French naval lieutenant for criminal negligence , even though the incident happened beyond Turkey s boundaries. ref name murphy cite book title Principles of International Law author Murphy, Sean D. publisher Thomson West year 2006 isbn 0314163166 ref This case extended the territoriality principle to cover cases that happen outside a state s boundaries, but have a substantial effect on the state s interests or involve its citizens. ref name murphy Questions have surfaced regarding how the territoriality principle applies, with the rise of globalization and the Internet . The applicability of this principle also was in question, with the case against Augusto Pinochet and other cases of transnational justice. ref cite journal title The perils of Pinochet problems for transitional justice and a supranational governance solution international criminal justice and amnesty Augusto Pinochet and Fidel Castro journal Denver Journal of International Law and Policy date March 22, 2000 author Perez ... more details
The Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service may refer to Department of the Army Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service Department of the Air Force Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service SIA ... more details
Image Efficiency Decoration NZ ribbon.png frame right Ribbon for the ED The Efficiency Decoration is a medal awarded to New Zealand military officers. This medal is awarded to officers who have both served for twelve years continuously and been models of efficiency in that time. First awarded in 1931, it was a replacement for the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers Decoration , which itself was only 29 years old in 1931, being first awarded in 1902. Recipients of this medal are also given the designation of ED to use after their name. References http medals.nzdf.mil.nz category e e6.html NZDF Medals The Efficiency Decoration See also Efficiency Decoration Efficiency Medal Category Military awards and decorations of New Zealand NewZealand stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2006 RomanMilitary An armilla plural armillae was a gold Citation needed date September 2009 armband awarded as a military decoration to soldiers of ancient Rome. DEFAULTSORT Armilla Military Decoration Category Military awards and decorations of ancient Rome Orders medals stub de Armilla it Armilla decorazione militare pl Armilla ... more details
Expand German Ehrenzeichen des Deutschen Roten Kreuzes date October 2010 File Ehrenzeichen des Deutschen Roten Kreuzes.jpg thumb right The German Red Cross Decoration br Ehrenzeichen des Deutschen Roten Kreuzes The German Red Cross Decoration lang de Ehrenzeichen des Deutschen Roten Kreuzes is a State decoration decoration founded in 1922, first awarded in 1934 and re founded in its present form on 8 May 1953. It is awarded by the German Red Cross . External links Commons category Ehrenzeichen des Deutschen Roten Kreuzes Use dmy dates date October 2010 Category Orders, decorations, and medals of Germany Red Cross Germany stub Orders medals stub de Ehrenzeichen des Deutschen Roten Kreuzes no Tysk R de kors medalje ... more details
Infobox Military Award name Southern Cross Decoration image File Southern Cross Decoration.jpg caption Ribbon 32mm, dark blue, with two white centre lines awarded by South African Defence Force type Decoration eligibility for Outstanding service of the highest order, and utmost devotion to duty status Discontinued first award 1976 last award 2003? individual higher Pro Virtute Decoration lower Pro Merito Decoration image2 File SDlint.gif caption2 Southern Cross Decoration ribbon The Southern Cross Decoration was a South African military decorations South African military decoration . It was instituted on July 1, 1975, and was awarded to officers of the South African Defence Force , for outstanding service of the highest order, and utmost devotion to duty. In practice, it was usually a requirement that the officer must already have been awarded the Southern Cross Medal . The SD was discontinued with effect from April 27, 2003. The decoration is a gold double Maltese cross . The obverse is white, and In the centre is a dark blue roundel displaying the stars of the Southern Cross. The South African coat of arms appears on the reverse. The ribbon is dark blue with two white lines down the centre. The equivalent award for other ranks enlisted men was the Pro Merito Decoration . Both have been superseded by the iPhrothiya yeGolide decoration. References Alexander, E. G. M., Barron G. K. B. and Bateman, A. J. 1986 . South African Orders, Decorations and Medals . Human and Rousseau. Monick, S, 1988 . South African Military Awards 1912 1987 . South African National Museum of Military History . See also British and Commonwealth orders and decorations South African military decorations External links http www.hwmw.bravehost.com South African Medals Website Category Military awards and decorations of South Africa af Suiderkruis dekorasie ... more details
infobox military award name Decoration for Services to the Liberation of Austria br Ehrenzeichen f r Verdienste um die Befreiung sterreichs image File Decoration for Services to the Liberation of Austria.png 150px caption awarded by AUT country type civil awards and decorations Decoration eligibility Austrian citizens for Austrian resistance Active resistance of the Nazi regime and thus contributing to Austria s liberation from Nazi rule. campaign status description motto clasps post nominals established first award last award total posthumous recipients precedence label individual higher Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria Decoration of Honour in Silver same lower Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria Decoration of Merit in Gold related image2 File AUT Honour Medal for Contributions to the Liberation of Austria.png 100px caption2 Ribbon bar of the decoration The Decoration for Services to the Liberation of Austria lang de Ehrenzeichen f r Verdienste um die Befreiung sterreichs was created by federal law on 27 January 1976. ref name Bundesgesetzblatt cite web last first authorlink coauthors title Bundesgesetz vom 27. J nner 1976 work publisher BUNDESGESETZBLATT F R DIE REPUBLIK STERREICH date 24 February 1976 url http www.ris.bka.gv.at Dokumente BgblPdf 1976 79 0 1976 79 0.pdf format language German accessdate 2011 06 19 ref It is a special distinction for men and women who actively resisted the Nazi regime contributing to Austria s liberation from Nazi rule. The President of Austria confers this honour when sent a proposal by the Chancellor of Austria Federal Chancellor based on a report from the Committee on the Austrian Liberation Decoration of Honour. ref name hofburg cite web last first authorlink coauthors title Decorations of Honour work publisher The Federal President of the Republic of Austria year 2011 url http www.hofburg.at show content2.php?s2id 8&language en format doi accessdate 2011 06 19 ref See also ... more details
Unsourced image removed Image Canadian ED.gif thumb 200px Canadian Efficiency Decoration The Canadian Efficiency Decoration ED was a Canadian military award given to officers of the non permanent active militia , Royal Canadian Air Force RCAF Auxiliary and Reserve who completed twenty years of meritorious Armed forces military service . Similar Efficiency Decoration s were also awarded by other Commonwealth of Nations Commonwealth countries. A bar was issued for an additional 20 years of meritorious service. Approximately 3,700 medals were issued. Time spent in war service counted double towards the 20 year requirement and time spent in the Other Ranks ranks counted as half. This award was superseded by the Canadian Forces Decoration . Sources http www.vac acc.gc.ca remembers sub.cfm?source collections cmdp mainmenu group11 edc Canadian Efficiency Decoration Veteran s Affairs Canada Category Military awards and decorations of Canada Canada mil hist stub fr D coration d efficacit du Canada ... more details
Infobox Military Award name Civic Decoration Belgium image Image Croix Civique 1iere Classe.jpg caption ... recipients individual higher Order of Leopold II same lower image2 caption2 The Civic Decoration lang fr D coration Civique , lang nl Burgerlijke Ereteken is a civil decoration of Belgium . It was created ... of bravery, devotion or humanity. A separate decoration was created for meritorious services as a firefighter . On 18 May 1915, the Civic Decoration 1914 1915 later 1918 was created to reward civilians and non combatants who served their country with distinction during World War I . A similar Decoration was also created for World War II . The Civic Decoration is solely awarded by Royal Decree , even ... award this Decoration to their employees. Classes The Civic Decoration is awarded in two classes ... into a First, Second and Third Class . These classes are common for all types of Civic Decoration ... Decoration differ in function of the type of award The ribbon is red with three vertical black stripes when the Decoration is awarded for long and distinguished service in the administration The ribbon is red with two vertical black stripes bordered on each side by a yellow line when the Decoration ... vertical white stripes when the Decoration is awarded for long and distinguished service as a firefighter ... the center and a central vertical gold stripe for the Decoration 1914 1918 The ribbon is saffron ... black stripe for the Decoration 1940 1945. The ribbon of the 1914 1918 and of the 1940 1945 Decoration is adorned with a metal bar showing the years of the war. Award Conditions The Civic Decoration ... Medal Third Class is no longer awarded. The Decoration for exceptional acts of bravery, devotion ... List of Belgian decorations References Royal Decree of 21 July 1867 Creating the Civic Decoration ... Creating the Civic Decoration Royal Decree of 18 May 1915 Creating the Civic Decoration for Acts Performed During the War of 1914 1915 Circular of 27 May 2004 Concerning the Civic Decoration and Other ... more details
The Independence Commemorative Decoration was a Rhodesia n civil decoration awarded to persons who had rendered valuable service to Rhodesia. The award was instituted in 1970 by Presidential Warrant, the first awards being made the same year. Recipients were entitled to the post nominal letters ICD . The medal was a circular bronze medal worn on the breast. The obverse bore the shield from Rhodesia s coat of arms and the legend COMMEMORATION OF INDEPENDENCE RHODESIA , while the reverse was blank. The medal was impressed in small capitals with the recipient s name on the rim, and was awarded with a case of issue, miniature medal for wear, and an illuminated certificate. The ribbon consisted of five equal stripes, green, white, gold, white, green, identical to the Independence Decoration Rhodesia Independence Decoration . Over 150 awards of the Independence Commemorative Decoration were made between 1970 and 1978. ref Rhodesia Medal Roll , p22 24 ref Most recipients were political supporters or allies of the Rhodesian Front government of Ian Douglas Smith the decoration was awarded to over 20 tribal chief traditional leaders as a reward for their tacit support of the government. Recipients included the ZUPO leader Jeremiah Chirau , and the Rhodesian High Commissioner in London, Andrew Skeen Rhodesia Andrew Skeen . The last recipient of the Independence Commemorative Decoration was the sanctions buster Jack Malloch , an employee of air transport company Affretair , in 1978. The Decoration fell into abeyance following Zimbabwe Rhodesia s adoption of majority rule in 1979, and the country s transformation into Zimbabwe a year later. References references Saffery, D., 2006. http www.jeppestown.com rhodesiamedalroll content.html The Rhodesia Medal Roll , Jeppestown Press, United Kingdom. ISBN 0 9553936 0 4 External links http www.medals.org.uk zimbabwe zimbabwe.htm Orders, Medals ... Decoration entry in World Medals Index Category Orders, decorations, and medals of Rhodesia ... more details
Infobox military award name Pro Merito Decoration image File PMDlint.gif caption Ribbon 32mm, dark blue, with a white centre stripe awarded by South African Defence Force type Decoration eligibility for Outstanding service of the highest order, and utmost devotion to duty status Discontinued first award 1976 last award 2003? individual higher Southern Cross Decoration The Pro Merito Decoration was a South African military decorations South African military decoration . It was instituted on 1 July 1975, and was awarded to other ranks enlisted men of the South African Defence Force , for outstanding service of the highest order, and utmost devotion to duty. In practice, it was usually a requirement that the recipient must already have been awarded the Pro Merito Medal . The PMD was discontinued with effect from 27 April 2003. The decoration is a gold Maltese cross. The obverse is white, and In the centre is a dark blue roundel displaying a red disa flower. The South African coat of arms appears on the reverse. The ribbon is dark blue with a white stripe down the centre. The equivalent award for officers was the Southern Cross Decoration . Both have been superseded by the iPhrothiya yeGolide decoration. See also British and Commonwealth orders and decorations South African military decorations References Alexander, E. G. M., Barron G. K. B. and Bateman, A. J. 1986 . South African Orders, Decorations and Medals . Human and Rousseau. Monick, S, 1988 . South African Military Awards 1912 1987 . South African National Museum of Military History. External links http www.hwmw.bravehost.com South African Medals Website Category Military awards and decorations of South Africa ... more details
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