portal Software Testing Unreferenced date March 2008 Volume Testing belongs to the group of non functional tests , which are often misunderstood and or used interchangeably. Volume testing refers to testing a software application with a certain amount of data. This amount can, in generic terms, be the database size or it could also be the size of an Interface computer science interface file that is the subject of volume testing. For example, if you want to volume test your application with a specific database size, you will expand your database to that size and then test the application s performance on it. Another example could be when there is a requirement for your application to interact with an interface file could be any file such as .dat, .xml this interaction could be reading and or writing on to from the file. You will create a sample file of the size you want and then test the application s functionality with that file in order to test the performance. Category Software testing th ... more details
Predictive testing is a form of genetic testing . It is also known as presymptomatic testing . These types of testing are used to detect gene mutations associated with disorders that appear after birth, often later in life. These tests can be helpful to people who have a family member with a genetic disorder, but who have no features of the disorder themselves at the time of testing. Predictive testing can identify mutation s that increase a person s risk of developing disorders with a genetic basis, such as certain types of cancer . For example, an individual with a mutation in BRCA1 has a 65 cumulative risk of breast cancer. Presymptomatic testing can determine whether a person will develop a genetic disorder, such as hemochromatosis an iron overload disorder , before any signs or symptoms appear. The results of predictive and presymptomatic testing can provide information about a person s risk of developing a specific disorder and help with making decisions about medical care. See also List of human genes List of genetic disorders External links http www.gao.gov docsearch abstract.php?rptno GAO 06 977T GAO report on at home predictive genetic test kits Category Medical tests Category Medical genetics Med stub ... more details
Electromagnetic Testing ET , as a form of nondestructive testing , is the process of inducing electric current s or magnetic field s or both inside a test object and observing the electromagnetism electromagnetic response. If the test is set up properly, a defect inside the test object creates a measurable response. The term Electromagnetic Testing is often intended to mean simply Eddy Current Testing ECT . However with an expanding number of electromagnetic and magnetic test methods, Electromagnetic Testing is more often used to mean the whole class of electromagnetic test methods, of which Eddy Current Testing is just one. Common Methods of Electromagnetic Testing Eddy Current Testing ECT is used to detect near surface cracks and corrosion in metallic objects such as tubes and aircraft fuselage and structures. ECT is more commonly applied to nonferromagnetic materials, since in ferromagnetic materials the skin effect depth of penetration is relatively small. Remote field testing RFT is used for nondestructive testing NDT of steel tubes and pipes. Magnetic flux leakage Magnetic flux leakage testing MFL is also used for nondestructive testing NDT of steel tubes and pipes. At present RFT is more commonly used in small diameter tubes and MFL in larger diameter pipes over long travel distances. Wire rope testing is MFL applied to steel cables, to detect broken strands of wire. Magnetic particle inspection MT or MPI is a form of MFL where small magnetic particles in the form of a powder or liquid are sprayed on the magnetized steel test object and gather at surface breaking cracks. Alternating Current Field Measurement ACFM is similar to eddy current applied to steel. Its most ... Testing , http www.asnt.org publications handbook third thirdedition.htm NDT Handbook , 3rd ed., Vol. 5, http www.asnt.org publications handbook third 3et.htm Electromagnetic Testing . William Lord ... testing electronics stub fa ... more details
Multistage testing is an algorithm based approach to administering Test student assessment tests . It is very similar to computer adaptive testing in that items are interactively selected for each examinee by the algorithm, but rather than selecting individual items, groups of items are selected, building the test in stages. These groups are called testlets or panels . ref Luecht, R. M. & Nungester, R. J. 1998 . Some practical examples of computer adaptive sequential testing. Journal of Educational Measurement , 35 , 229 249. ref While multistage tests could theoretically be administered by a human, the extensive computations required often using item response theory mean that multistage tests are administered by computer. The number of stages or testlets can vary. If the testlets are relatively small, such as five items, ten or more could easily be used in a test. Some multistage tests are designed with the minimum of two stages one stage would be a conventional fixed form test . ref Castle, R.A. 1997 . The Relative Efficiency of Two Stage Testing Versus Traditional Multiple Choice Testing Using Item Response Theory in Licensure. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. http dwb.unl.edu Diss RCastle ReedCastleDiss.html ref In response to the increasing use of multistage testing, the scholarly journal Applied Measurement in Education published a special edition on the topic in 2006. ref Applied Measurement in Education edition on multistage testing http www.leaonline.com toc ame 19 3 ref References Reflist Category Psychometrics ... more details
Image NDT test of an V2500 engine blade route.jpg thumb right 400px An example of Ultrasonic Testing ... testing UT , very short ultrasound ultrasonic pulse waves with center frequencies ranging ... tests the thickness of the test object, for example, to monitor pipework corrosion. Ultrasonic testing ..., wood and composites, albeit with less resolution. It is a form of non destructive testing used in many ... testing, an ultrasound Ultrasonic sensors transducer connected to a diagnostic machine is passed ... by a couplant such as oil or by water, as in immersion testing. There are two methods of receiving the ultrasound ... cracking.png thumb right Non destructive testing of a swing shaft showing spline cracking Features ... International Organization for Standardization ISO ISO 7963, Non destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Specification for calibration block No. 2 ISO DIS 11666, Non destructive testing of welds Ultrasonic testing of welded joints Acceptance levels ISO DIS 17640, Non destructive testing of welds Ultrasonic testing of welded joints ISO 22825, Non destructive testing of welds Ultrasonic testingTesting ... EN 583, Non destructive testing Ultrasonic examination EN 1330 4, Non destructive testing Terminology Part 4 Terms used in ultrasonic testing EN 1712, Non destructive testing of welds Ultrasonic testing of welded joints Acceptance levels EN 1713, Non destructive testing of welds Ultrasonic testing Characterization of indications in welds EN 1714, Non destructive testing of welds Ultrasonic testing of welded joints EN 12223, Non destructive testing Ultrasonic examination Specification for calibration block No. 1 EN 12668 1, Non destructive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 1 Instruments EN 12668 2, Non destructive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 2 Probes EN 12668 3, Non destructive testing Characterization ..., Founding Ultrasonic examination EN 14127, Non destructive testing Ultrasonic thickness measurement ... more details
Load testing is the process of putting demand on a system or device and measuring its response. Load testing is performed to determine a system s behavior under both normal and anticipated peak load conditions ..., it is known as stress testing . The load is usually so great that error conditions are the expected ... a stress test. There is little agreement on what the specific goals of load testing are. The term is often used synonymously with software performance testing , reliability testing , and volume testing . Load testing is a type of non functional testing . Software load testing Main Software performance testing The term load testing is used in different ways in the professional software testing community. Load testing generally refers to the practice of modeling the expected usage of a software program by simulating multiple users accessing the program concurrently. As such, this testing is most ... to generate a report based on several years worth of data. The most accurate load testing simulates actual use, as opposed to testing using theoretical or analytical modeling. Load testing lets you measure your website s QOS performance based on actual customer behavior. Nearly all the load testing tools and frame works follow the classical load testing paradigm, which is listed in Figure 1. When ... Test short as SUT , etc. And at last, all these statistics will be analyzed and a load testing report will be generated. Load and performance testing analyzes software intended for a multi user audience ... measurements under these different loads. Load and performance testing is usually conducted ... just log in without any subsequent activity A test analyst can use various load testing tools to create ... specifying acceptable load testing performance metrics. A common misconception is that load testing software provides record and playback capabilities like regression testing tools. Load testing tools analyze the entire OSI Model OSI protocol stack whereas most regression testing tools focus on GUI ... more details
Regression testing is any type of software testing that seeks to uncover new software bug s, or software regression regressions , in existing functional testing functional and non functional testing non ... file configuration changes, have been made to them. The intent of regression testing is to ensure ... Glenford title The Art of Software Testing year 2004 publisher Wiley isbn 978 0471469124 ref One of the main reasons for regression testing is to determine whether a change in one part of the software ... Common methods of regression testing include rerunning previously run tests and checking whether program behavior has changed and whether previously fixed faults have re emerged. Regression testing can ... Society Press location page 73 isbn 0470042125 ref Although this may be done through manual testing procedures using programming techniques, it is often done using automated testing tools. ref http safari.oreilly.com 0201794292 ch08lev1sec4 Automate Regression Tests When Feasible , Automated Testing ... tools that allow the testing environment to execute all the regression test case s automatically ... software Jenkins . Regression testing is an integral part of the extreme programming software development ... testing of the entire software package throughout each stage of the software development cycle . In the corporate world, regression testing has traditionally been performed by a software quality assurance ... costly to fix. This problem is being addressed by the rise of unit testing . Although developers ... been either functional testing functional tests or unit testing unit tests that verify only intended outcomes. Developer testing compels a developer to focus on unit testing and to include both positive ... Testing Is In An interview with Alberto Savoia and Kent Beck date 2004 12 08 accessdate 2007 11 29 url http www.sys con.com read 47359.htm ref Uses Regression testing can be used not only for testing ... Testing, Programmer to Programmer last Kolawa first Adam authorlink Adam Kolawa work Wrox ref For instance ... more details
In statistics , multivariate testing or multi variable testing is a technique for testing hypotheses on complex multi variable systems, especially used in testing market perceptions. ref cite book title ...&ots dCIGXKK6L2&dq 22multivariate testing 22&as brr 3&sig Golefq6a0hDV F62naRyn7AEjX8 isbn 3211834737 ... testing is a process by which more than one component of a website may be tested in a live environment. It can be thought of in simple terms as numerous A B testing A B tests performed on one ... multivariate testing can theoretically test the effectiveness of limitless combinations. The only .... Multivariate testing is usually employed in order to ascertain which content or creative variation ... www.kaushik.net avinash 2006 05 experimentation and testing a primer.html title Experimentation & Testing ... testing different copy text, form layouts and even landing page images and background colours. However ... , Conversion Testing 10 Factors to Test that Could Increase the Conversion Rate of your Landing Pages , by Sumantra Roy, 06 05 2007 ref Testing can be carried out on a dynamically generated website ... testing on websites with minor changes to page coding. These services insert their content to predefined areas of a site and monitor user behavior. In a nutshell, multivariate testing can be seen ... the most chance of their proceeding to a defined goal. The testing is transparent to the visitor with all ... and layouts differ by time of day week or even season. Multivariate testing is currently an area ... testing allows internet marketeers to ensure that visitors are being shown the right ... at the website. There are two principal approaches used to achieve multivariate testing on websites ... testing are Monetate, TraceAd Analytics, Avenseo, Conversion Works, Adobe Systems Adobe , Business ... , it is possible to intercept and process all web traffic to and from the site undergoing testing ... testing can also be applied to email body content and mobile web pages. In addition to testing the efficacy ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2009 portal Software Testing Compatibility testing , part of software non functional tests , is testing conducted on the application to evaluate the application s compatibility with the computing environment. Computing environment may contain some or all of the below mentioned elements Computing capacity of Hardware Platform IBM 360, HP 9000, etc. .. Bandwidth handling capacity of networking hardware Compatibility of peripherals Printer, DVD drive, etc. Operating systems MVS, UNIX, Windows, etc. Database Oracle, Sybase, DB2, etc. Other System Software Web server, networking messaging tool, etc. Browser compatibility Firefox, Netscape, Internet Explorer, Safari, etc. Browser compatibility testing, can be more appropriately referred to as user experience testing. This requires that the web applications are tested on different web browsers, to ensure the following Users have the same visual experience irrespective of the browsers through which they view the web application. In terms of functionality, the application must behave and respond the same way across different browsers. For more information please visit the link http essentiaserve.com bct.html BCT Carrier compatibility Verizon, Sprint, Orange, O2, AirTel, etc. Backwards compatibility. Hardware different phones Different Compilers compile the code correctly Runs on multiple host guest Emulators Certification testing falls within the scope of Compatibility testing. Product Vendors run the complete suite of testing on the newer computing environment to get their application certified for a specific Operating Systems or Databases. Category Software testing compu prog stub ru zh ... more details
Infobox journal title Language Testing cover File Language Testing journal front cover image.jpg editor Catherine Elder and Glenn Fulcher discipline Humanities former names abbreviation J. of Lang. Test. publisher SAGE Publications country United Kingdom frequency Quarterly history 1984 present openaccess license impact 0.756 impact year 2010 website http www.sagepub.com journalsProdDesc.nav?prodId Journal201816 link1 http ltj.sagepub.com content current link1 name Online access link2 http ltj.sagepub.com content by year link2 name Online archive JSTOR OCLC 263607215 LCCN 89645730 CODEN ISSN 0265 5322 eISSN 1477 0946 Language Testing is a Peer review peer reviewed academic journal that publishes papers relating to language testing and assessment. The journal s Editor in Chief editors are Catherine Elder University of Melbourne and Glenn Fulcher University of Leicester . It has been in publication since 1984 and is currently published by SAGE Publications . Scope Language Testing publishes research and review articles on language testing and assessment. It seeks to represent a robust forum for the exchange of ideas between those working in the fields of first and second language testing and assessment. In addition, an emphasis is placed on issues of testing theory, experimental investigations, and the following up of practical implications. Abstracting and indexing Language Testing is abstracted and indexed in, among other databases SCOPUS , and the Social Sciences Citation Index . According to the Journal Citation Reports , its 2010 impact factor is 0.756, ranking it 60th out of 141 journals in the category Linguistics . ref name WoS cite book year 2011 chapter Journals Ranked by Impact Linguistics title 2010 Journal Citation Reports publisher Thomson Reuters edition Social Sciences accessdate 2011 09 30 work Web of Science postscript . ref References reflist External links Official website 1 http ltj.sagepub.com Category SAGE academic journals Category English language ... more details
expert date January 2012 merge Animal testing date September 2010 Deleted image removed Image LD50mouse.jpg right thumb 180px A rat undergoing an LD50 test. Source Animal Alliance Toxicology testing , also known as safety testing , or toxicity testing , is conducted to determine the degree to which a substance can damage a living or non living organisms. It is often conducted by researchers to comply with governing regulations. Some toxicology testing is chemical test ing while some others use animals in the laboratory studies. Contract animal testing facilities such as Huntingdon Life Sciences and Inveresk Research International conduct a variety of tests on behalf of customers, including the manufacturer of medicines and household products. http www.buav.org pdf HouseholdProductTests.pdf Around one million animals are used every year in Europe in toxicology tests. ref name Abbott Abbott, Alison. http ethics.ucsd.edu journal 2006 readings Animal Testing More than a cosmetic change.pdf Animal testing More than a cosmetic change Nature 438, 144 146, November 10, 2005. ref In the UK, one fifth of animal experiments are toxicology tests. ref name Lords3 http www.publications.parliament.uk pa ld200102 ldselect ldanimal 150 15006.htm Select Committee on Animals in Scientific Procedures Report , House of Lords, Chapter 3 The purpose and nature of animal experiments. ref The tests are conducted without anesthesia , since drugs can change test results. Failed verification date July 2009 ref cite journal author Watkins JB title Exposure of rats to inhalational anesthetics alters the hepatobiliary clearance of cholephilic xenobiotics journal J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. volume 250 issue ... testing toxicity testing faq.php WET Testing What is aquatic toxicity testing? See also Children s Environmental Exposure Research Study CHEERS in the US DEFAULTSORT Toxicology Testing Category Animal testing Category Animal rights Category Tests Category Toxicology animal rights stub ... more details
testing comes in a picture. ref name Database cite book last Korth first Henry title Database System ... testing Basically, database testing is a layered process. It consists of four layers namely User interface layer, Business layer, data access layer and database. Testing at these different layers is important ... back ends i.e. they access heterogeneous databases. Testing productivity process is very difficult ... process. Database testing mainly takes place at this layer which includes our further testing ..., consistent, isolated and durable database. The points why we need database testing are as follows ... the database operations such as insert,delete,update are preformed without testing database for its ... their databases. The current approach of testing may not be sufficient in which developer formally ... such slowing the testing process, difficult to test, communication gap between them. So the separate database testing team is needed. Database testing is mainly deals with the finding defect ... of testings and processes File Dbtesting.jpg thumb 260px Black box and white box testing in database testing The figure indicates the areas of testings that need to be tested during database testing i.e.black box testing and White box testing Black box testing in database testing Black box testing involves testing interfaces, integration of the databases, which includes Mapping of data ... of the database. Pros and Cons of black box testing Test case generation in block box testing ... test cases is lower as compare to white box test cases. The major drawback of the black box testing ... year 1994 publisher McGraw Hill Education isbn 0077077326, 9780077077327 ref White box Testing in database testing White box testing mainly deals with the internal structure of the database. The specification details are hidden from the user.It involves It involves the testing of database triggers, logical views which are going to support database refactoring . It performs module testing of our ... more details
Drive Testing is a method of measuring and assessing the coverage, capacity and Quality of service Quality of Service QoS of a mobile radio network. The technique consists of using a motor vehicle containing Mobile radio mobile radio network air interface measurement equipment that can detect and record a wide variety of the physical and virtual parameters of mobile cellular service in a given geographical area. By measuring what a wireless network subscriber would experience in any specific area, wireless carriers can make directed changes to their networks that provide better coverage and service to their customers. Drive testing requires a mobile vehicle outfitted with drive testing measurement .... Data Collected during Drive Testing Drive test equipment typically collects data relating to the network ... testing field measurements can include information such as Signal intensity Signal quality Interference ... Testing Drive testing can broadly be categorized into three distinct topics Network Benchmarking Optimization & Troubleshooting Service Quality Monitoring The resulting oduced by drive testing for each ..., are frequently used in marketing campaigns. Drive testing to gather networking benchmarking data ... during the operational phase of the network lifecycle. In this mode drive testing data is used ... without human intervention carried in vehicles that regularly ply typical drive testing routes such as garbage collection vehicles, taxis or buses. Drive Testing can be conducted at any time on a live ... www.dingli.com en home.php DingLi Communications, a solution provider in drive testing equipment http www.keynote sigos.com Keynote SIGOS, a supplier of drive testing equipment http www.ascom.com Ascom, a supplier of drive testing equipment http www.swissqual.com SwissQual, a supplier of drive testing ... test Pages default.aspx JDSU, a supplier of drive testing equipment http www.anite.com anite en home , a supplier of drive testing equipment Category Mobile technology pl Drive Test ... more details
Software development process Software testing is an investigation conducted to provide stakeholders with information ... ETatQAI.pdf Exploratory Testing , Cem Kaner , Florida Institute of Technology, Quality Assurance Institute Worldwide Annual Software Testing Conference , Orlando, FL, November 2006 ref Software testing ... or other defects . Software testing can be stated as the process of validating and verifying that a software ... works as expected and can be implemented with the same characteristics. Software testing, depending on the testing method employed, can be implemented at any time in the development process. However ... employ test driven development and place an increased portion of the testing in the hands of the developer .... Overview Testing can never completely identify all the defects within software. ref http www.ece.cmu.edu koopman des s99 sw testing Software Testing by Jiantao Pan, Carnegie Mellon University ref Instead ... Oracle software testing oracles principles or mechanisms by which someone might recognize a problem ... target audience, its purchasers, and other stakeholders. Software testing is the process of attempting ... testing was performed. ref http www.abeacha.com NIST press release bugs cost.htm Software errors ... testing was initially introduced by Glenford J. Myers in 1979. ref name Myers 1979 cite book first Glenford J. last Myers title The Art of Software Testing publisher John Wiley and Sons year 1979 isbn 0 471 04328 1 ref Although his attention was on breakage testing a successful test is one that finds ... Gelperin and William C. Hetzel classified in 1988 the phases and goals in software testing in the following ... Testing journal CACM volume 31 issue 6 year 1988 issn 0001 0782 ref Until 1956 Debugging oriented ref until 1956 it was the debugging oriented period, when testing was often associated to debugging there was no clear difference between testing and debugging. cite journal first D. last Gelperin coauthors B. Hetzel title The Growth of Software Testing journal CACM volume 31 issue 6 year 1988 ... more details
Portal Software Testing Scalability Testing , part of the battery of non functional tests , is the testing of a software application for measuring its capability to Scalability scale up or scale out ref http msdn2.microsoft.com en us library aa292172 VS.71 .aspx Scalability Bot generated title ref in terms of any of its non functional capability be it the user load supported, the number of transactions, the data volume etc. Performance analysis Performance , scalability and Reliability engineering reliability are usually considered together by software quality analysts. Tools Scalability testing tools exist often times leveraging scalable resources themselves in order to test load, concurrent connections, transactions, and throughput of many internet services. Of the available testing services, those offering API support suggest that environment of continuous deployment also continuously test how recent changes may impact scalability. br Commonly used tools include SOASTA https www.cloudassault.com Cloud Assault References Reflist Refbegin Refend Further reading http msdn2.microsoft.com en us library aa292172 VS.71 .aspx Designing Distributed Applications with Visual Studio .NET Scalability Category Software testing Software stub ... more details
Scenario testing is a software testing activity that uses scenario computing scenarios hypothetical stories to help the tester work through a complex problem or test system. The ideal scenario test is a credible, complex, compelling or motivating story the outcome of which is easy to evaluate. ref name Kaner Intro cite web title An Introduction to Scenario Testing url http www.kaner.com pdfs ScenarioIntroVer4.pdf accessdate 2009 05 07 publisher Cem Kaner ref These tests are usually different from test case s in that test cases are single steps whereas scenarios cover a number of steps. ref name Buwalda Opera ref name Crispin Agile cite book last Crispin first Lisa coauthors Gregory, Janet title Agile Testi A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams publisher Addison Wesley year 2009 isbn 0 321 53445 8 pages 192 5 ref History Kaner coined the phrase scenario test by October 2003. ref name Kaner Intro He had already co authored a book on software testing, lectured on the subject, and was a testing consultant. He commented that one of the most difficult aspects of testing was maintaining step by step test cases along with their expected results. His paper attempted to find a way to reduce the re work of complicated written tests and incorporate the ease of use case s. ref name Kaner Intro give a summary of the article A few months later, Buwalda wrote about a similar approach he had been using that he called soap opera testing . Like television soap operas these tests were both ..., Hans year 2004 title Soap Opera Testing journal Better Software issue February 2004 pages 30 7 publisher ... accessdate 2011 11 16 ref The key to both approaches was to avoid step by step testing instructions ... Srinivasan Desikan title Software Testing Principles and Practice ref Request quotation date September 2011 See also Test script Session based testing References Portal Software Testing reflist Category Software testing soft eng stub sv Scenariotestning ta ... more details
portal Software Testing Unreferenced date June 2009 Notability date June 2009 Localization testing is a part of software testing process focused on internationalization and localization aspects of software . Localization is the process of adapting a globalized application to a particular culture locale. Localizing an application software application requires a basic understanding of the character sets typically used in modern software development and an understanding of the issues associated with them. Localization includes the translation of the application user interface and adapting graphics for a specific culture locale. The localization process can also include translating any help content associated with the application. Localization of business solutions requires that you implement the correct business processes and practices for a culture locale. Differences in how cultures locales conduct business are heavily shaped by governmental and regulatory requirements. Therefore, localization of business logic can be a massive task. Localization testing checks how well the build has been Localized into a particular target language. This test is based on the results of globalized testing where the functional support for that particular locale has already been verified. If the product is not globalized enough to support a given language, you probably will not try to localize it into that language in the first place You still have to check that the application you re shipping to a particular market really works and the following section shows you some of the general areas on which to focus when performing a localization test. The following needs to be considered in localization testing Things that are often altered during localization, such as the UserInterface and content files. Operating System Computer keyboard Keyboard s Text Filters Hot keys Spelling Rules Sorting Rules ... . See also portal Software Testing Pseudolocalization Category Software testing ... more details
Genetic testing also called DNA based tests is among the newest and most sophisticated of techniques ... Gene Testing ref used to test for genetic disorders which involves direct examination of the DNA ... prenatal diagnosis prenatal diagnostic testing newborn screening Genealogical DNA test for genetic genealogy purposes presymptomatic testing for predicting adult onset disorders such as Huntington s disease presymptomatic testing for estimating the risk of developing adult onset cancers and Alzheimer s disease confirmational diagnosis of a symptomatic individual forensic identity testing Genetic testing allows the Genetics genetic medical diagnosis diagnosis of vulnerabilities to inherited diseases .... In addition to studying chromosomes to the level of individual genes, genetic testing in a broader ... associated with increased risk of developing genetic disorders. Genetic testing identifies changes in chromosomes , genes, or proteins. ref cite web url http www.ghr.nlm.nih.gov handbook testing genetictesting title What is genetic testing? Genetics Home Reference publisher Ghr.nlm.nih.gov date 2011 05 30 accessdate 2011 06 07 ref Most of the time, testing is used to find changes that are associated ... http www.nlm.nih.gov medlineplus genetictesting.html title Genetic Testing MedlinePlus publisher ... Testing accessdate 2008 08 10 work Definitions of Genetic Testing Jorge Sequeiros and B rbara Guimar es ... bot H3llBot ref Since genetic testing may open up ethical or psychological problems, genetic testing is often accompanied by genetic counseling . Citation needed date November 2010 Types Genetic testing ... genetic testing from basic research to clinical practice journal Science volume 278 issue 5338 pages ... throughout life. Available types of testing include Newborn screening Newborn screening ... testing of infants for certain disorders is the most widespread use of genetic testing millions of babies ... a disorder of the thyroid gland . Diagnostic testing Diagnostic testing is used to diagnose or rule ... more details
refimprove date February 2008 Progeny Testing is a test of the value for selective breeding of an individual s genotype by looking at the progeny produced by different matings. ref http www.everythingbio.com glos definition.php?word progeny testing progeny testing Definition Bot generated title ref Progeny Testing It is used in the breeding in the wild breeding of both plant s and animal s, but is most commercially important in animal breeding to determine the value of an animal in terms of the sex limited characters of its offspring, for example milk or egg production in females. A bull for example cannot be assessed for milk production, however the performance of its female offspring can be used to determine the use of the animal for future crosses, provided of course the character has a high heritability . A progeny test is performed by mating the male with a number of females with proven performance. The average performance of the offspring is then found, giving a measure of the male s respective value to the breeder. References references External links http www.dpi.nsw.gov.au agriculture livestock beef breeding breedplan bull buy Breedplan and bull buying Category Agriculture Agri stub Genetics stub ... more details
Iddq testing is a method for testing CMOS integrated circuits for the presence of manufacturing faults. It relies on measuring the supply current Idd in the quiescent state when the circuit is not switching and inputs are held at static values . The current consumed in the state is commonly called Iddq for Idd quiescent and hence the name. Iddq testing uses the principle that in a correctly operating quiescent CMOS Logic gate digital circuit , there is no static current path between the power supply and ground, except for a small amount of leakage. Many common semiconductor manufacturing faults will cause the current to increase by orders of magnitude, which can be easily detected. This has the advantage of checking the chip for many possible faults with one measurement. Another advantage is that it may catch faults that are not found by conventional stuck at fault test vectors. Iddq testing is somewhat more complex than just measuring the supply current. If a line is shorted to Vdd, for example, it will still draw no extra current if the gate driving the signal is attempting to set it to 1 . However, a different vector set that attempts to set the signal to 0 will show a large increase in quiescent current, signalling a bad part. Typical Iddq test vector sets may have 20 or so vectors ... the observability is through the shared power supply connection. Iddq testing has many advantages ... Compared to scan testing, Iddq testing is time consuming, and then more expensive, since is achieved ... of Iddq testing As processors shrink see Moore s law , the leakage current becomes much higher and less ... individually or in combination, which makes the tests much easier when compared to testing the whole chip. References cite book last Rajsuman first Rochit title Iddq testing for CMOS VLSI ... Rochit title Iddq testing for CMOS VLSI journal Proceedings of the IEEE volume 88 issue 4 date April 2000 pages 544 568 doi 10.1109 5.843000 This is a summary of the basic ideas behind Iddq testing, the history ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Maintenance testing is that testing which is performed to either identify equipment problems, diagnose equipment problems or to confirm that repair measures have been effective. It can be performed at either the system level e.g., the HVAC system , the equipment level e.g., the blower in a HVAC line , or the component level e.g., a control chip in the control box for the blower in the HVAC line . Technical basis for testing Maintenance testing uses system performance requirements as the basis for identifying the appropriate In service inspection and testing One level of maintenance testing is the Inspection in service inspection or inspection, which typically is a test or series of tests performed on a frequency established by the manufacturer based on prior experience with the system equipment component or upon engineering analysis of the probable failure rate for the equipment. Typical examples of inspections and tests include Periodic vehicle inspection s mandated by regulatory authorities for features important to environmental protection e.g., exhaust emissions or for safety e.g., brake and signal lights . Periodic inspections of nuclear power plant equipment important to the safe operation of the facility. Such inspections include a range of tests such as Leak rate tests for containment structures the reactor boundary, the containment vessel ... testing of in service inspection for the human body Performance tests such as turbine shaft vibration tests to identify wear and plan maintenance are a form of diagnostic testing. Evaluation and trending of test results A good testing program will maintain a record of test results and maintenance actions ... testing frequency, need to replace or upgrade equipment and performance improvement opportunities. Types of maintenance for which testing can be used Maintenance falls into the following four categories ... Management DEFAULTSORT Maintenance Testing Category Maintenance ... more details
Refimprove date November 2007 Cleanup date July 2009 In computer programming , unit testing is a method ... date March 2011 Unit tests are created by programmers or occasionally by white box testing white box ... es can be used to assist testing a module in isolation. Unit tests are typically written and run ... . Benefits The goal of unit testing is to isolate each part of the program and show that the individual ... find problems early in the development cycle . Facilitates change Unit testing allows the programmer ..., in regression testing . The procedure is to write test cases for all subroutine function s and method ... is still working properly. In continuous unit testing environments, through the inherent practice ... test coverage, up to the second accuracy can be maintained. Simplifies integration Unit testing ... up testing style approach. By testing the parts of a program first and then testing the sum of its parts, integration testing becomes much easier. An elaborate hierarchy of unit tests does not equal integration testing. Integration with peripheral units should be included in integration tests, but not in unit tests. Citation needed date October 2010 Integration testing typically still relies heavily on humans manual testingtesting manually high level or global scope testing can be difficult to automate, such that manual testing often appears faster and cheaper. Citation needed date January 2010 Documentation Unit testing provides a sort of living documentation of the system. Developers ... to the design. It is true that unit testing lacks some of the accessibility of a diagram, but Unified ... computer science reference s to other classes, testing a class can frequently spill over into testing .... Parameterized Unit Testing PUT Parameterized Unit Tests PUTs are tests that take parameters .... Various industrial testing tools also exist to generate test inputs for PUTs. Unit testing limitations Testing cannot be expected to catch every error in the program it is impossible to evaluate every ... more details
unreferenced date January 2012 In computer programming, hit testing hit detection , picking , or pick correlation is the process of determining whether a given object intersects another given object shape, line, or curve drawn on the screen. Most commonly, hit testing is used by GUI environments to respond to user actions. In addition, hit testing is used in small scale games, which do not require much computing power, and are thus able to perform all of their collision detection tests in one frame of the game loop. In Web programming languages such as SVG and CSS , this is associated with the concept of pointer events e.g. user initiated cursor movement or object selection . Algorithm The most commonly known hit test algorithm is presented in the pseudo code below syntaxhighlight lang c function HitTest Rectangle r1, Rectangle r2 returns boolean if r1.X r1.Width r2.X and r1.X r2.X r2.Width and r1.Y r1.Height r2.Y and r1.Y r2.Y r2.Height then return true else return false syntaxhighlight See also Computational geometry Collision detection User interface References External links http msdn.microsoft.com en us library ms752097.aspx MSDN Hit Testing in the Visual Layer http msdn.microsoft.com en us library ms969920.aspx MSDN Hit Testing Lines and Curves Categories Category Articles created via the Article Wizard Category Computer graphics Category User interfaces Category Video game development ... more details
For the biological term, see Gene mutation analysis . Portal Software Testing Mutation testing or Mutation analysis or Program mutation is a method of software testing , which involves modifying programs ... System for Mutation Testing Help for the Common Programmer by A. Jefferson Offutt. ref A test ... Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? Who will guard the guards? . In this context, mutation testing was pioneered ... either that the code that had been mutated was never executed redundant code or that the testing ... of mutation testing had reduced its practical use as a method of software testing, but the increased use of object oriented programming language s and unit testing frameworks has led to the creation of mutation testing tools for many programming languages as a means to test individual portions of an application. Historical overview Mutation testing was originally proposed by Richard Lipton as a student ..., Lipton and Sayward. The first implementation of a mutation testing tool was by Timothy Budd as part ... science community, and work has been done to define methods of applying mutation testing to object .... Fuzzing is a special area of mutation testing. In fuzzing, the messages or data exchanged inside ... Licentiate thesis . Espoo. 2001. ref 2001 and Mu Dynamics 2005 evolved Fuzz testing fuzzing concepts to a fully stateful mutation testing platform, complete with monitors for thoroughly exercising protocol implementations. Mutation testing overview Mutation testing is done by selecting a set of mutation ... mutation testing or weak mutation coverage requires that only the first condition is satisfied. Strong mutation testing requires that both conditions are satisfied. Strong mutation is more powerful ... weak mutation testing than strong mutation testing. Equivalent mutants Many mutation operators ... mutants detection is one of biggest obstacles for practical usage of mutation testing. The effort ... P. G. Frankl, S. N. Weiss, and C. Hu. All uses versus mutation testing An experimental comparison ... more details
Orphan date October 2011 Domain testing is one of the most widely practiced software testing techniques. It is a method of selecting a small number of test cases from a nearly infinite group of candidate test cases. Sfn Kaner 1997 p 28 Sfn Clarke 1976 pp 215 222 Sfn Clarke 1982 pp 380 390 Sfn Myers 1979 Sfn Ostrand 1988 pp 676 686 Sfn Weyuker 1991 pp 703 711 Sfn White 1981 pp 103 112 References Reflist 22em Sources Books Refbegin REFBEGIN CITED Books in alphabetical order sorted by last and year . cite book ref harv last Myers first Glenford J. title The Art of Software Testing location New York publisher John Wiley & Sons year 1979 isbn 0471043281 oclc 4194539 cite book ref harv last White first Lee J. coauthors Edward I Cohen S. J. Zeil Ohio State University Computer and Information Science Research Center editors B. Chandrasekaran S. Radicchi title Computer Program Testing Proceedings of the Summer School on Computer Program Testing Held at SOGESTA, Urbino, Italy, June 29 July 3, 1981 chapter A Domain Strategy for Computer Program Testing location Amsterdam New York publisher Elsevier North Holland year 1981 pages 103 112 isbn 0444862927 oclc 7875177 REFEND Refend Journals Refbegin REFBEGIN CITED Journals in alphabetical order sorted by last and year . cite journal ref harv last Clarke first Lori A. title A System to Generate Test Data and Symbolically Execute Programs journal IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering issue 3 volume 2 pages 215 222 year 1976 issn 00985589 oclc 4656855686 cite journal ref harv last Clarke first Lori A. coauthors Johnette Hassell Debra J. Richardson title A Close Look at Domain Testing journal IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering issue ... first Cem title The Impossibility of Complete Testing url http www.kaner.com pdfs imposs.pdf format ... Analyzing Partition Testing Strategies journal EEE Transactions on Software Engineering volume 17 ... Domain Testing A Status Report publisher TestingEducation.org Refend Category Software testing soft ... more details
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