Unreferenced date October 2008 A defensive war is one of the causes that justify war by the criteria of the Just War tradition. It means a war where at least one nation is mainly trying to defend itself from another, as opposed to a war where both sides are trying to invade and conquer each other. Examples The Greco Persian Wars Darius.27 Invasions Darius Invasions of the Greco Persian Wars . Greeks were defending their homeland from the Persians. Various invasions in World War II, such as the Invasion of Poland 1939 Invasion of Poland , the Battle of France , and the Battle of Britain and the Second Sino Japanese War were offensive wars. See also Battleplan documentary TV series spacing mil stub Category Wars by type hr Obrambeni rat he ja ... more details
Ajami is the Arabic adjective applied to an Ajam, a Persian or relative to Arabic speakers alien. Ajami or Ajam may also refer to Ajam maqam , a musical mode Ajam band , a British world fusion group Ajami film Ajami film , a 2009 film Ajam Bahrain , a community of Persians in Bahrain Ajami, Jaffa , a neighborhood in Israel Ajami dialect , a dialect of Persian Ajami script , one of the Arabic based orthographies used for writing African languages. People with the name Fouad Ajami born 1945 , Lebanese born American journalist & academic Habib al Ajami 8th Century , an early Sufi mystic Disambiguation ar cs Ad ami fr Ajam homonymie pl Ajami ujednoznacznienie ... more details
unreferenced date February 2008 Mirza Mehdy Ispahani aka Sadri Ispahani 1923 2004 son of Mirza Ahmad Ispahani was Chairman of M.M. Ispahani from 1949 till 2004. In Bangladesh he served as one of the first directors of Biman Bangladesh Airlines . He took part in the Farakka March 1976 with Maulana Bhashani . He was one of the Sponsor Directors of MIDAS and represents it on the Board of Directors of MIDAS Financing Ltd. Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Ispahani, Mirza Mehdy ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1923 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 2004 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Ispahani, Mirza Mehdy Category Bangladeshi businesspeople Category 1923 births Category 2004 deaths Category Ispahani family Category Persians in the Indian subcontinent Bangladesh bio stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Aristonicus Latin Greek lang grc Aristonikos was a tyrant of Methymnae in Lesbos in the 4th century BCE. In 332 BCE , when the navarch s of Alexander the Great had already taken possession of the harbour of Chios , Aristonicus arrived during the night with some privateer ships, and entered it under the belief that it was still in the hands of the Persian people Persians . He was taken prisoner and delivered up to the Methymnians, who put him to death in a cruel manner. Arrian , Anabasis 3.2 Curtius 4.4. SmithDGRBM DEFAULTSORT Aristonicus Of Methymnae Category Ancient Greek tyrants Category People from Ancient Lesbos Category Alexander the Great ca Arist nic de Metimnes ... more details
Ephialtes may refer to Ephialtes , Athenian statesman Ephialtes illness , name given in the 18th century to an anxiety disorder. Ephialtes of Trachis , soldier who betrayed the Spartan army at Thermopylae to the Persians Ephialtes mythology , one of the two giants in Greek mythology called Aloadae hndis bg cs Efialt s de Ephialtes el es Efialtes fr phialt s it Efialte hu Ephialt sz egy rtelm s t lap nl Ephialtes pl Efialtes ru sk Efialtes sh Efijalt razvrstavanje uk ... more details
The Mounichia or Mounichia was an Ancient Greece ancient Greek festival held on the 16th full moon time of the month Mounichion spring in the honor of Artemis Mounichia . The surname of the goddess come from the hill of Munichia, where stood an Artemis temple, close to Piraeus and to the site of the battle of Salamis . The festival was instituted to commemorate the victory of the Greek fleet over the Persia Persians at Salamis. Cakes adorned all round with burning candles were offered to the goddess. Young girls were dressed up as bears, as for the Brauronia . Source Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities edited by William Smith 1870 http www.ancientlibrary.com smith dgra 0776.html p.769 Category Festivals in ancient Athens Category Festivals of Artemis el es Muniquias fr Mounichies ... more details
Amphoterus Ancient Greek Greek lang grc the brother of Craterus , was appointed by Alexander the Great commander of the fleet in the Hellespont in 333 BC . Amphoterus subdued the islands between Greece and Asia which did not acknowledge Alexander, cleared Crete of the Persian people Persians and pirates, and sailed to Peloponnesus in 331 BC , to put down a rising against the Macedon ian power. References Arrian i. 25, iii. 6 Quintus Curtius Rufus iii. 1, iv. 5, 8. SmithDGRBM Category Admirals of Alexander the Great Category Ancient Macedonian admirals Category Ancient Orestians Category 4th century BC Macedonians ca Amf ters de Amphoteros Admiral es Anf tero general ru ... more details
Qaisar lang ar is the Arabic version of the name Caesar title Caesar and it is used as a given name in Arabia . The Ancient Rome Roman and later Byzantine Empire Byzantine emperors were called Qaisar e Rum Caesar of Rome by the Arab people Arabs and Persian people Persians . The Ottoman Empire Ottoman Sultan s also took the title Qaisar e Rum Caesar of Rome , meaning the Byzantine Empire after conquering Constantinople , modern Istanbul , on May 29, 1453. See also Caesar title External links http shahnama.caret.cam.ac.uk shahnama faces cardview card ceillustration 501297824 Captive Roman emperor before the Persian Empire Persian Shahanshah Shapur II . Category Given names Category Unisex given names name stub ... more details
P yyg n S l r were commanders of infantry units within the Sassanid armies. The P yyg n S l r were very respected and trustworthy men,they would be guarded by the elite Dailamites . Sources Sassanian Elite Cavalry AD 224 642 History Magazine Historiae Peter Wilcox, Rome s Enemies 3 Parthians and Sassanid Persians Osprey Publishing 2001 . ISBN 0 85045 688 6. David Nicolle, Sassanian Armies the Iranian empire early 3rd to mid 7th centuries AD Montvert Publishing 1996 . ISBN 1 874101 08 6. DEFAULTSORT Payygan Salar Category Sassanid Empire Category Persian books Category Iranian books Category Persian words and phrases MEast hist stub ... more details
Scopasis or Sk pasis was a Scythian king of the tribe Sauromatae . He commanded one of the three divisions of his countrymen, when Scythia was invaded by Darius I of Persia . It was the body under the command of Scopasis, which, arriving at the Danube Istros Danube river, before Darius reached it in his retreat, endeavoured, though without success, to prevail on the Ionians to destroy the bridge of boats over the river, and thus ensure the destruction of the Persians. References Histories Herodotus Herodotus , http old.perseus.tufts.edu cgi bin ptext?doc Perseus text 1999.01.0126&layout &loc 4.120 4. 120 , 128, 136 Justin historian Justin . ii. 5. SmithDGRBM Category Sarmatians Category Scythians Category 6th century BC rulers Category Achaemenid Thrace bg ca Escopasis el es Escopasis ru uk ... more details
Abuzaydabadi in Persian language Persian is the language of people in Abuzaydabad , a city in central Iran . ref http fa.wikipedia.org wiki DA AF D9 88 DB 8C D8 B4 D8 A8 DB 8C D8 B0 D9 88 DB 8C ref The language is called Abuzaydabadi by Persians, and it is called Bizovoy or Bizovoyja in Abuzaydabadi language itself. ref http fa.wikipedia.org wiki D8 A7 D8 A8 D9 88 D8 B2 DB 8C D8 AF D8 A2 D8 A8 D8 A7 D8 AF ref References reflist Category Languages of Iran ... more details
The oldest period in the history of Dagestan is associated with the present day mountainous Dagestan. Historically, Dagestan was a federation of mountainous principalities. Located at the crossroads of world civilizations of north and south, Dagestan was the scene of clashes of interests of many states. Dagestan s political influence has been felt not only in the Caucasus , but beyond. Prehistorical era Ancient history Albanian state Invasion of Romans, Persians, Huns and Khazars Invasion of Arabs Independence of Sarir Islamic principalities Invasion of Tataro Mongols Expansion of territory Russo Dagestani relations Anti Dagestani coalition Feudal fragmentation Period of modern history History of Russia navbar DEFAULTSORT Dagestan, Republic of Category Dagestan ar ca Hist ria del Daguestan ru ... more details
to discover that the bar is being sold to Persians, who plan to make it into a Club Persh Dance Club. Soon after, the Persians send a representative to see the women at the bar. The representative tries ... returns to the Persian s club, an army of sixty other Persians prepare to storm the bar, but they fail to defeat the women. The leftover Persians go to see their boss, Rauf Xerxes, who decides ..., in order to find illegal activity to use as blackmail, and hires the Mexicans to spy on the Persians ... that Mrs. Garrison knows her secret, and says that the other Persians cannot know, as women cannot be in charge ... more details
, bringing the Byzantine force to some 20,000 men. The Persians were forced to withdraw, and the Byzantines followed them east. Initially, Belisarius only wanted to drive off the Persians, without ... line. In more standard formation the Persians split their forces into two roughly equal groups, with infantry in front of cavalry. For much of the day, the battle was a stalemate, with the Persians and Byzantines ... to resist the Persians and withdraw much of their army across the river. The Persians attacked the Byzantine ... line of Byzantine troops led directly by Belisarius. Eventually, the Persians gave up, and Belisarius ..., but the Persians had taken such heavy losses that it was useless as to its original purpose, the invasion ... more details
Use mdy dates date February 2011 Year nav 494 BC year in topic 494 NOTOC Year 494 BC was a year of the Roman calendar pre Julian Roman calendar . At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Tricostus and Geminus or, less frequently, year 260 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 494 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events onlyinclude By place Persian empire Having successfully captured several of the revolting Ancient Greece Greek city state s, the Achaemenid Empire Persians under Artaphernes lay siege to Miletus . The decisive Battle of Lade is fought at the island of Lade , near Miletus port. Although out numbered, the Greek fleet appears to be winning the battle until the ships from Samos and Lesbos retreat. The sudden defection turns the tide of battle, and the remaining Greek fleet is completely destroyed. Miletus surrenders shortly thereafter, and the Ionian Revolt comes to an end. The Persian leaders Artaphernes and Mardonius grant a degree of autonomy to the Ionian cities. They abstain from financial reprisals and merely exact former levels of tribute. The Persians abolish the Greek tyrannies in Ionia and permit democracies. The Persians burn down the Temple of Apollo Didyma Temple of Apollo at Didyma . Greece The Phoenicia n allies of the Persians take savage reprisals against the Greeks, whom the Phoenicians regard as pirates. The Thracians and Scythians drive Miltiades the Younger from the Chersonesos Taurica Chersonesos . Miltiades loads five boats with his treasures and makes for Athens. One of the boats, captained by Miltiades eldest son, Metiochos is captured. Metiochos is taken as a lifelong prisoner to Persia. The Sparta n king, Cleomenes I inflicts a severe defeat on Argos at Battle of Sepeia Sepeia near Tiryns . The former tyrant of Miletus, Histiaeus is captured by the Persians and executed at Sardis by Artaphernes. ... more details
Persian people Persians . The first verses of Surat Ar Rum predicted that the severely defeated Byzantine Empire Romans would soon be victorious over the idolatrous Persians. At the Battle of Antioch 613 Battle of Antioch in 613 614 AD, the Persians took control over important Byzantine territories ... over the Persians and conquered Armenia. In 627, the two empires fought a decisive battle at Nineveh ..., the Romans shall be victorious over the Persians within three to nine years of their previous defeat in 613 614 AD. The first remarkable victory of Heraclius over the Persians after his defeat ... Al Baizawi writes This passage refers to the defeat of the Byzantines in Syria by the Persians under Khosrau II Khusran Parvis . C.E. 615 6 BH 6 years before the Hegira . However, the defeat of the Persians ... talks about byzantines and persians confilict, and the counters between Muslims and Byzantin Empire ... won over the Persians. This shows how unreliable such Traditions are. The explanation which Al ... 614 and the Byzantines striking back victory over Persians in 622 see Battle of Issus 622 However ... ar Rum. AD 619 BH 4 Persians capture Egypt . Muhammad s Year of Sorrow AD 622 AH 1 Emperor Heraclius takes the field and defeats Persians in the Battle of Issus 622 Battle of Issus . Muhammad ... khaybar&hl en&ct clnk&cd 4 ref AD 629 AH 7 Peace negotiations are concluded in June, Persians yielding ... more details
a Persian garrison. Khalid decided to drive away the Persians from this outpost as well. He marched ... between the empires of Persia and Byzantium , and the garrisons of the Persians as well as the Byzantines ... to the aid of the Persian garrison. The united forces of the Persians, the Byzantines, and the Christian .... The united forces of the Persians and the Byzantines had the river at their back, and the position ... forces of the Persians and the Byzantines either jumped into the river in a state of horror or confusion ... of the Persians, fell to the Muslims. The battle of Firaz added further luster to the Muslim arms. ref ... more details
of Euboea are devastated by the Achaemenid Empire Persians . Thebes, Greece Thebes and most ... Themistocles against the Achaemenid Empire Persians . August &ndash The Achaemenid Empire Persians ... Empire Persians in three days of fighting but withdraws southward when news comes of the defeat at Thermopylae ... Empire Persians occupy Attica . September 21 &ndash The Achaemenid Empire Persians sack ... General Officer general Themistocles lures the Achaemenid Empire Persians into the Bay of Salamis ... more details
Medism can refer to In ancient Greece, imitating or having sympathies or siding with the Achaemenid Persians the ethnonym Mede was often used by the Greeks of the Persians, although it strictly speaking denoted another Iranian tribe, the Medes . It was considered a crime in many ancient Greek states. Themistocles the Athenian was Ostracism ostracized for Medism. Pausanias general Pausanias , the Lacedaimonian hegemon of the Hellenic League in the battle of Platea was accused of Medism by other member states, an accusation which allowed Athens to seize control of the league. Herodotus, mentions state medism of Aegina , Thessaly , Argos , Thebes, Greece Thebes and other Boeotians . Astute politicians in Athens often exploited popular feelings against medism as a means to their own advancement, which once led to a feud between the poets Timocreon Timocreon of Rhodes and Simonides of Ceos for and against Themistocles . ref Rachel M. McMullin, Aspects of Medizing Themistocles, Simonides and Timocreon of Rhodes , The Classical Journal Vol. 97, No. 1 Oct. Nov. 2001 , page 55 ref A specific form of Hypnotism mixing hypnosis and meditation. Medism or Neo oriental Hypnotism attempt to spiritualise the materialistic and mechanical form of occidental Hypnotism by bringing it in line with oriental mysticism. References Reflist Further Reading Medism Greek collaboration with Achaemenid Persia by David Frank Graf Medism in the Sixth and Fifth Centuries B.C. by Helen Harriet Thompson The Medism of Thessaly, Henry Dickinson Westlake External links http www.nlp book.com medism Hypnotism and Medism disambig Ancient Greece stub Category Greco Persian Wars Category Treason es Medismo fr M disme it Medismo ... more details
the tactics that defeated the Persians in the Battle of Marathon . ref Creasy 1880 pg. 11 20 ref ... split, five to five, on whether to attack the Persians at Marathon, Greece Marathon now, or later ... feared the cavalry of the Persians attacking the flanking maneuver flanks , and asked for the flanks ... men run, something like a mile , in full armor to resist any swift attack of the Persians. ref name C 23 This was very successful in defeating the Persians, who then tried to sail around the Cape Sounion ... that were deemed to have supported the Persians. The expedition was not a success. His true motivations ... pg. 27 ref The fleet attacked the island, which had been conquered by the Persians, but failed to take ... to the Persians expected victory. ref name C 28 See also Archaeological Museum of Olympia References ... more details
Infobox Film name Last Stand of the 300 image image size caption director David Padrusch producer writer David Padrusch br Matt Koed narrator starring music cinematography editing distributor released 2007 runtime 91 minutes country United States language English budget preceded by followed by Last Stand of the 300 is a TV documentary reenactment which premi red on The History Channel in 2007. It was directed by David Padrusch known for directing projects such as Journey to 10,000 BC 2008 and Aftershock Beyond the Civil War 2006 for the History Channel. Synopsis In 480 B.C, during the Greco Persian Wars the Persian Empire led by Xerxes I of Persia fought the Greek city states forces at the pass of Thermopylae in central Greece. This battle become known as the Battle of Thermopylae . The only thing stopping the Persians, was an army led by King Leonidas I & his 300 Spartans, the greatest soldiers the world has ever known. Vastly outnumbered, the Greek Spartans held up the Persians advance for three days, until they were overrun by Persian forces. The film also focus on the lead up to the Battle of Thermopylae revealing that the Greeks might have played a part in the Ionian Revolt s in Asia Minor in 499 to 493 B.C. Its brings its viewers into understanding ancient warfare when the documentary focus on the naval battle around Thermopylae, strategic & tactical considerations, and the aftermath of the battle which lead to the burning of Athens and Greek victories in battles such as Plataea . It also reveals to those unaware that the Spartans didn t fight alone. External links imdb title 0892737 Category Classical war films Category 2006 films Category American films Category English language films Category Documentary television films Category Documentary films about historical events Category Battle of Thermopylae hist documentary stub id Last Stand of the 300 ... more details
Orphan date December 2010 Attaginus Greek lang grc , son of Phrynon, was one of the leading Ancient Thebes Boeotia Theban oligarchs, who betrayed their city to Xerxes I on the Second Persian invasion of Greece , and took an active part in favour of the Persians. He invited Mardonius and fifty of the noblest Persians in his army to a splendid banquet ref Herodotus, http old.perseus.tufts.edu cgi bin ptext?layout doc Perseus text 1999.01.0126 query chapter 3D 231472 loc 9.15.1 9.15.1 , as Thersander of Orchomenus Boeotia Orchomenus informed him. ref ref Athenaeus . iv. p. 148, e. I believe that they could not have won the battle, and that the Greeks need not have met them in battle array at Plataeae, seeing that they already had been done to death by such food ref at Thebes, shortly before the Battle of Plataea , 479 BC . After the battle, the Greeks marched against Thebes, and required Attaginos and Timegenidas, ref Pausanias geographer Pausanias , 7.10.2 . Herodotus mentions Timagenidas . ref and other members of the Medism Persian party , to be delivered up to them. This was at first refused but, after the city had been besieged for twenty days, his fellow citizens determined to comply with the demands of the Greeks. On these terms they made an agreement, but Attaginus escaped from the town. His sons were seized, but Pausanias general Pausanias of Sparta held them free of guilt, saying that the sons were not accessory to the treason. The rest of traitors were put to death at Corinth. ref Histories Herodotus Herodotus , http old.perseus.tufts.edu cgi bin ptext?doc Perseus text 1999.01.0126&layout &loc 9.86 9. 86 88 ref References reflist SmithDGRBM Category Medism Category Ancient Thebans Category 5th century BC Greek people Category Battle of Plataea Category People of the Greco Persian Wars Category Battle of Plataea ... more details
Idanthyrsus is the name of two Scythian kings 1.The first one led Scythians, under whom, according to Strabo , they overran Asia, and advanced as far as Egypt. This was perhaps the incursion mentioned by Herodotus , who tells us that they held Asia for 28 years, and were ultimately driven out by Cyaxares , 607 BC . According to Herodotus, however, the king, who led the expedition of which he gives an account, was Madyas and Madyas is mentioned by Strabo i. p. 61 as king of the Cimmerians . An incursion of the Scythians to the borders of Egypt in very early times is recorded by Justin historian Justin , but in an obscure and unsatisfactory way. 2. Another king of the Scythians, probably a descendant of the above. He was a son of Saulius , the brother and slayer of Anacharsis . When Darius I of Persia invaded Scythia, about 508 BC , and the Scythians retreated before him, he sent a message to Idanthyrsus, calling upon him either to fight or submit. The Scythian king answered that, in fleeing before the Persians, he was not urged by fear, but was merely living the wandering nomadic life to which he was accustomed, that there was no reason why he should fight the Persians, as he had neither cities for them to take nor lands. References Strab. xv. p. 687 Herod, i. 15,103 106, iv. 11, 12, 67, vii. 20 Just. ii. 3 Clint. F. H. vol. i. sub annis 634, 632, 608, 607. SmithDGRBM Category Scythians Category 6th century BC rulers Category Foreign contacts of ancient Egypt Category Achaemenid Thrace de Idanthyrsos ru uk ... more details
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