File .jpg thumb Mercury element Mercury laboratory thermometer Developed during the 16th and 17th centuries, a thermometer from the Greek language Greek wikt ...? title thermometer publisher Oxford English Dictionary accessdate 1 November 2010 ref A thermometer has two important elements the temperature sensor e.g. the bulb on a mercury in glass thermometer mercury thermometer in which some physical change occurs with temperature, plus some means of converting this physical change into a numerical value e.g. the scale on a mercury thermometer . There are many ... While an individual thermometer is able to measure degrees of hotness, the readings on two ... in 1 to approximately convert 1358 K C F . Development Various authors have credited the invention of the thermometer ... . The thermometer was Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology not a single invention ... and a thermometer is that the latter has a scale. ref T. D. McGee 1988 Principles and Methods of Temperature ... of the thermometer, what he produced were thermoscopes. The first clear diagram of a thermoscope was published in 1617 by Giuseppe Biancani the first showing a scale and thus constituting a thermometer ... and contraction of the air, so it is what we would now call an air thermometer. ref T. D. McGee 1988 ... thermometer in its French form first appeared in 1624 in La R cr ation Math matique by J. Leurechon ..., with a bulb and stem, the first modern style thermometer, depending on the expansion of a liquid ... liquids and designs of thermometer. File Oldthermometers.jpg thumb Various thermometers from the 19th century. However, each inventor and each thermometer was unique there was Conversion of units ... life 6 32.html bild2 Linnaeus thermometer ref In 1866 Sir Thomas Clifford Allbutt invented a Medical thermometer clinical thermometer that produced a body temperature reading in five minutes as opposed ... Corporation introduced the world s first temporal artery thermometer, a non invasive temperature ... more details
mergeto Thermometer date January 2011 These are the thermometer s that can be worn. These thermometers continuously measure the temperature as they are always on body. Some of these are bluetooth enabled. These bluetooth enabled thermometers help recording and plotting the temperature on a SmartPhone PC Laptop Netbook TabletPC. See Also Thermometer External Links http www.thedesignblog.org entry motoworkr cellphone includes bluetooth thermometer for medical professionals http www.kaz.com kaz thermometers products vicks wearable thermometer v935 http didid.net 1025 vicks wearable thermometers 6 thermometers http japantoday.com category new products view mirror thermometer http www.houseofjapan.com electronics nec mirror thermometer http www.aeroscout.com content temperature monitoring non Medical http www.alibaba.com showroom bluetooth thermometer.html Laboratory equipment Health care Category Thermometers Health stub ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2008 A candy thermometer , also known as a sugar thermometer , is a thermometer used to measure the temperature and therefore the stage of a cooking sugar solution. See Candy Sugar stages Candy for a description of sugar stages. These thermometers can also be used to measure hot oil for deep frying . There are several kinds of candy thermometers available. These include traditional liquid thermometers, coil spring dial thermometers and digital thermometers. The digital thermometers tend to read the temperature more quickly and accurately, and some models have an alarm when the thermometer hits a certain temperature. Many models have markers for the various stages of sugar cooking. A candy thermometer is similar to a meat thermometer except that it can read higher temperatures usually 400 F 200 C or more . References Category Cooking utensils Category Thermometers cooking tool stub de Zuckerthermometer ... more details
File Beckmann thermometer bw drawing.jpg thumb right A Beckmann thermometer R Reservoir B Bend A Beckmann thermometer is a device used to measure small differences of temperature , but not absolute temperature values. It was invented by Ernst Otto Beckmann 1853 &ndash 1923 , a German chemist , for his measurements of colligative properties in 1905. ref cite journal first Ernst last Beckmann journal Zeitschrift f r physikalische Chemie volume 51 pages 329&ndash 343 title Modifikation des Thermometers f r die bestimmung von Molekulargewichten und kleinen Temperatur differenzen year 1905 ref Today its use has largely been superseded by electronic thermometers . A Beckmann thermometer s length is usually 40 &ndash 50 cm. The temperature scale typically covers about 5 C and it is divided into hundredths ... C. The peculiarity of Beckmann s thermometer design is a reservoir R on diagram at the upper end of the tube .... In contrast, the range of a typical mercury in glass thermometer is fixed, being set by the calibration marks etched on the glass or the marks on the printed scale. Calibration In setting the thermometer ... the required temperatures. First, the thermometer is inverted and gently tapped so that the mercury ... in the stem joins the mercury in the reservoir. The thermometer is then placed in a bath one or two ... down, thus separating it from the thread at the bend B . The thermometer will then be set for readings ... links section below. See also Thermometer References references External links cite book author ... Macmillan location New York url http books.google.com ?id esQOAAAAYAAJ&pg RA1 PA229&dq beckmann thermometer ... location London url http books.google.com ?id RIA3AAAAMAAJ&pg PA132&dq beckmann thermometer PPA130,M2 accessdate 2008 02 09 cite journal author Sella, Andrea title Beckmann thermometer journal Chemistry ... ClassicKitBeckmannThermometer.asp accessdate 2008 02 02 DEFAULTSORT Beckmann Thermometer Category Thermometers ca Term metre de Beckmann de Beckmann Thermometer hu Beckmann h m r ja ... more details
A pill thermometer is an ingestible thermometer that allows a person s core temperature to be continuously monitored. It was developed by NASA in collaboration with Johns Hopkins University for use with astronauts. ref name nasa thermometer pill http www.nasa.gov vision earth technologies thermometer pill.html Ingestible Thermometer Pill Helps Athletes Beat the Heat ref Since then the pill has been used by mountain climbers ref http www.pbs.org wgbh nova transcripts 3303 denali.html Transcript of the NOVA episode, Deadly Ascent ref , football players, and cyclists ref http twitter.com lancearmstrong status 7335745643 Twitter feed ref . The Thermometer Pill is currently manufactured by the company, HQ Inc under the brand name CoreTemp. ref http www.hqinc.net HQ Inc. formerly HTI Technologies manufactures the CorTemp Temperature Pill used in detecting heat stress Bot generated title ref References Reflist External resources http www.hqinc.net HQ Inc the manufacturer of the pill http www.hqinc.net pages pill page.html A schematic of the pill The pill s http www.google.com patents?id FVkHAAAAEBAJ&dq 6254548 patent http www.pbs.org wgbh nova transcripts 3303 denali.html Transcript of the NOVA episode, Deadly Ascent which features the pill prominently DEFAULTSORT Pill Thermometer Category Thermometers Category NASA technology spinoffs ... more details
A gas thermometer measures temperature by the variation in volume or pressure of a gas. ref cite web url http amsglossary.allenpress.com glossary search?id gas thermometer1 title AMS Glossary gas thermometer ref One common apparatus is a constant volume thermometer. It consists of a bulb connected by a capillary tube to a manometer . The bulb is filled with a gas such that the volume of the gas in the bulb remains constant. The volume is related to temperature by k, known as Charles s Law . The pressure of the gas in the bulb can be obtained by measuring the level difference in the two arms of the manometer. ref cite web url http polaris.phys.ualberta.ca info Phys29x Manual 1CVT01.pdf title Experiment 1 The constant volume gas thermometer ref Gas thermometers are often used to calibrate other thermometer s. ref cite web url http www.electro optical.com unitconv tempref its90.html title International Temp Stds ref File Plinski termometer2.png thumb center 600px Two variants of a gas thermometer History see Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology See also Thermodynamic instruments References references physics stub Category Thermometers de Gasthermometer es Term metro de gas it Termometro a gas pl Termometr gazowy ro Termometru cu gaz ru sk Plynov teplomer sl Plinski termometer uk ... more details
File SpiritTherm02.jpg right The Alcohol thermometer or spirit thermometer is an alternative to the mercury in glass thermometer , and functions in a similar way. But unlike mercury in glass thermometer, the contents of an alcohol thermometer are less toxic and will evaporate away fairly quickly. An organic liquid is contained in a glass bulb which is connected to a capillary of the same glass and the end is sealed with an expansion bulb. The space above the liquid is a mixture of nitrogen and the vapour of the liquid. For the working temperature range, the meniscus or interface between the liquid is within the capillary. With increasing temperature, the volume of liquid expands and the meniscus moves up the capillary. The position of the meniscus shows the temperature against an inscribed scale. The liquid used can be pure ethanol , toluene , kerosene or Isoamyl acetate , depending on manufacturer and working temperature range. Since these are transparency and translucency transparent , the liquid is made more visible by the addition of a red or blue dye . One half of the glass containing the capillary is usually enamelled white or yellow to give a background for reading the scale. The range of usefulness of the thermometer is set by the boiling point of the liquid used. In the case of the ethanol filled thermometer the upper limit for measurement is 78 C, which makes it useful for measuring day and night time temperatures and to measure body temperature, although not for anything ... Thermometers ref History The alcohol thermometer was the earliest, efficient, modern style instrument ... thermometer in 1709. ref Encyclop dia Britannica Science & Technology Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit ... glassblower and his alcohol thermometer was the world s first reliable thermometer. ref http ... ref References reflist http www.instrumentationservices.net downloads Thermometer Filling Liquids.pdf Instrumentation Services Thermometer filling liquids Category Thermometers Category Meteorological ... more details
Multiple issues wikify March 2012 orphan March 2012 notability February 2010 File US Navy 100301 N 6999H 029 Culinary Specialist 1st Class Henry Evans, left, and Utilitiesman 1st Class Doak Walker erect thermometer sign.jpg thumb right 200px Culinary Specialist 1st Class Henry Evans, left, and Utilitiesman 1st Class Doak Walker erect the thermometer sign marking the start of the Navy and Marine Corps Relief Society fund drive at the Naval Weapons Station Charleston headquarters building. A funding thermometer is a classic type of graphic used to indicate how close a fundraising drive is to its goal. Commonscat inline Category Infographics ... more details
Image Max Min Thermometer.JPG 250px right thumb A maximum minimum thermometer. The scales are Fahrenheit ... arm of the U tube. The bulbs are hidden by a plastic housing. British English Six s thermometer is a thermometer which can measure the MMTS meteorology maximum and minimum temperature s reached ... commonly known as a maximum minimum thermometer , of which it is the earliest practical design and the most common type used. It is an example of a registering thermometer , that is a thermometer ...&dq maximum minimum thermometer how does it work&source bl&ots P9Ne26wqx &sig 8Yy9RdHUJh jkIcQ52ruGnQgsQ ... min bulbs.JPG thumb 200px right Detail of the thermometer bulbs of the maximum minimum thermometer shown ... thermometer.html Six s Maximum and Minimum Thermometer O Level Physics Notes, A Star Maths ... scales. This is unlike a normal Mercury in glass thermometer mercury thermometer , in which the expansion and contraction of mercury itself indicates temperature. ref name Avison The thermometer shows ... by the device since it was last reset. The thermometer is usually reset every day, but if left for longer ... on the mercury and the U is then returned to the horizontal. Maintenance The Six s thermometer ... knocks have been known causes as well. Separations can usually be corrected by swinging the thermometer like a large old school fever thermometer. The centrifugal force will then force the mercury ... force against the capillary tube on all or part of the scale. Mercury Free Maximum Minimum Thermometer The original Six s thermometer design contains Mercury element Toxicity and safety mercury which .... This does not mean the end of Six s thermometer in 2006 S.Brannan & Sons Ltd, a UK company, was granted a patent for a mercury free version of Six s Maximum Minimum Thermometer instead of mercury two immiscible liquids are used supporting an index. The thermometer operates in exactly the same ... Reflist http www.jstor.org pss 531601 Two hundred years of the Six s Self Registering Thermometer ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 image Meat thermometer.jpg thumb A meat thermometer with a dial. Notice the markings for each type of meat A meat thermometer is a thermometer used to measure the internal temperature of meat , especially roasts and steak s, and other cooked foods. The degree of doneness of meat correlates closely with the internal temperature, so that a thermometer reading indicates when it is cooked as desired. Meat should always be cooked so that the interior reaches a temperature sufficient to kill pathogens that may cause foodborne illness the thermometer helps to ensure this. Characteristics A meat thermometer has a metal probe with a sharp point which is pushed into the meat, and a dial or digital display . Some show the temperature only others also have markings to indicate when different kinds of meat are done to a specified degree e.g., beef medium rare . Meat thermometers are usually designed to have the probe in the meat during cooking. Some use a Bi metallic strip Applications bimetallic strip which rotates a needle which shows the temperature on a dial the whole thermometer can be left inside the oven during cooking. Another variety commonly used on Domesticated turkey turkey is the pop up timer, which uses a spring held in by a soft material that pops up when the meat reaches a set temperature. Other types use an electronic sensor in the probe, connected by a flexible heat resistant cable to a display. The probe is inserted in the meat, and the cable ... temperature. Poultry For poultry insert the meat thermometer into the thigh, but do not touch ..., lamb, or veal For beef , lamb and mutton lamb , or veal insert the meat thermometer away from bone ... for use of the thermometer apply. ref name Canadian Food Inspection Authority Ground meat, casseroles, and eggs For ground meat , casserole s, and egg food egg s insert the thermometer into the thickest ... food egg egg1197 meatherm.html Cooking Temperatures DEFAULTSORT Meat Thermometer Category ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2009 A recording thermometer is a type of thermometer that records temperature changes over a period of time. The recording thermometer uses a strip that coils and uncoils as the temperature changes. One end of the strip is attached to a long, light metal lever that holds a special pen. Tiny movement of the bimetallic strip causes much larger movement of the free end of the lever and the pen. The pen traces a rising and falling line on a strip of paper attached to a slowly turning drum. The drum usually makes one turn every seven or so days, so afterwards each strip of paper contains a complete and accurate record of temperature changes for a whole week. There are normally two types of metal on the bimetallic strip. Mostly one is steel and one is copper. Due to the different rates of expansion, the strip curves. When it curves, the data is converted into electric signals, which record the temperature change. Category Thermometers tool stub ... more details
File clinical thermometer 38.7.JPG thumb A medical clinical thermometer showing the temperature of 38.7 ... of the thermometer being inserted either into the mouth under the tongue oral or sub lingual ... temperature . Classification by technology Liquid filled The traditional thermometer is a glass ... element mercury , but alcohol thermometer s use a colored alcohol. Medically, a maximum thermometer .... To use the thermometer, the bulb is placed in the location where the temperature is to be measured ... in the tube. After reading the value, the thermometer must be reset by repeatedly swinging it sharply to shake the liquid back through the constriction. Mercury File Maximum thermometer close up 2.JPG thumb Close up of a mercury filled maximum thermometer. The break in the column of mercury is visible. Mercury in glass thermometer s have long been considered the most accurate liquid filled ... were too risky to handle the vigorous swinging needed to reset a mercury maximum thermometer .... A typical inexpensive electronic ear thermometer for home use has a displayed resolution ... Specification of typical inexpensive electronic ear thermometer ref The first electronic clinical thermometer was invented in 1954 that used a flexible probe that contained a Carboloy thermister ... to reach equilibrium . They typically reach equilibrium faster than mercury thermometers the thermometer ... being measured, they may touch part of the body a thermometer which senses the temperature ... in clinics and hospitals. Basal thermometer A basal thermometer is a thermometer used to take the basal ... 37.00 C to 37.28 C, a thermometer which inaccurately but consistently reads a change from ... functions, or beeping to confirm the thermometer is placed properly. Classification by location The temperature ... Comparison of infrared ear thermometer derived and equilibrated rectal temperatures in estimating ... from a patient who is capable of holding the thermometer securely under the tongue, which generally ... more details
Image Rtherm.JPG thumb 250px Unprotected Reversing Thermometer Unlike most conventional mercury element mercury thermometers , a reversing thermometer is able to record a given temperature to be viewed at a later time. If the thermometer is flipped upside down, the current temperature will be shown until it is turned upright again. This was the primary device used by oceanography oceanographers to determine water temperatures below the surface of the ocean from around 1900 to 1970. It consists of a conventional bulb connected to a capillary in which a constriction is placed so that upon reversal the mercury column breaks off in a reproducible manner. The mercury runs down into a smaller bulb at the other end of the capillary, which is graduated to read temperature. A 360 turn in a locally widened portion of the capillary serves as a trap to prevent further addition of mercury if the thermometer is warmed and the mercury expands past the break off point. The remote reading potentialities of reversing thermometers make them particularly suitable for use in measuring subsea temperature as a function of pressure. In this application, both protected thermometers and unprotected thermometers are used, each of which is provided with an auxiliary thermometer. They are generally used in pairs in Nansen bottle s. They are usually read to 0.01 C, and after the proper corrections have been applied, their readings are considered reliable to 0.02 C. ref cite web author Sarah T. Gille url http www.sciencemag.org content 295 5558 1275.short title Warming of the Southern Ocean Since the 1950s publisher Sciencemag.org date 2002 02 15 accessdate 2011 03 20 ref References reflist External links http oceanworld.tamu.edu resources ocng textbook contents.html Introduction to Physical Oceanography by Robert H. Stewart Open Source Textbook http amsglossary.allenpress.com glossary search?id reversing thermometer1 Glossary of Meteorology American Meteorological Society Category Thermometers nn ... more details
Image Galileo Thermometer 24 degrees.jpg thumb A Galilean thermometer A Galileo thermometer or Galilean thermometer , named after Italian physicist Galileo Galilei but not invented by him ref name NOT Web pages often assume it was invented by Galileo, but Galileo s thermometer was a tube in which water rises and falls. See thermometer . ref , is a thermometer made of a sealed glass cylinder geometry cylinder containing a clear liquid and a series of objects whose densities are such that they rise or fall as the temperature changes. It first appeared in the 1990 s on sale from the Natural History Museum, London . ref name DM1994 Daily Mirror, 28th. Jan., 1994, p.28 ref Normal design Suspended ... more about .htm how How to read a Galilean Thermometer ref ref http hewgill.com galilean thermometer Galilean Thermometer ref ref http www.howstuffworks.com question663.htm Howstuffworks ref Theory of operation Image Galileo Thermometer closeup.jpg thumb Closeup of bulbs The Galilean thermometer ... s mass is less than the mass of liquid displaced, the object will float. Image Galileo thermometer ... than the object s mass convert 2 kg abbr on . Image Galileo thermometer fig2.svg frame none Figure ... Calculator ref This is the key to how the Galileo thermometer works as the temperature of water increases ... properties of water ref Image Galileo thermometer fig3.svg frame none Figure 3 Figure 3 shows a convert ... thermometer, the small glass bulbs are partly filled with a different coloured liquid ..., with temperature change, causes the bulbs to rise or sink. Image Galileo thermometer fig4.svg frame none Figure 4 Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a Galileo thermometer at two different ... http www.thermometershop.co.uk more about .htm how How to read a Galilean Thermometer ref . The bulbs ... Thermometer es Term metro de Galileo fr Thermom tre de Galil e ko hr Termoskop io Termoskopo ... Galileusza pt Term metro de Galileu ru simple Galileo thermometer sl Galilejev ... more details
. As such, the infrared thermometer is useful for measuring temperature under circumstances ... the temperature of reflective shiny and non reflective surfaces. A non adjustable thermometer sometimes ... are the Spot Infrared Thermometer or Infrared Pyrometer , which measures the temperature at a spot ... by using what is essentially a spot thermometer pointed at a rotating mirror. These devices are widely ... . Gallery gallery Image IR Thermometer 1.jpg An early model of the Thermofocus IR thermometer Image IR Thermometer 2.jpg A medical IR thermometer in use, with the light indicating the measured area. Image Infrared thermometer.JPG An IR thermometer in use in industry gallery External links Commons ... Thermometer pages on the About Temperature Sensors website www.Temperatures.com since the mid ... Sakuma Hattori equation List of laser articles DEFAULTSORT Infrared Thermometer Category Thermometers ... more details
cleanup date June 2011 The quartz thermometer is a high precision, high accuracy temperature sensor. It measures temperature by measuring the frequency of a Crystal oscillator quartz crystal oscillator . The oscillator contains a specially cut crystal that results in a linear temperature coefficient of frequency, so the measurement of the temperature is essentially reduced to measurement of the oscillator frequency. Resolutions of .0001 C, and accuracy of .02 C from 0 100 C are achievable. The high linearity makes it possible to achieve high accuracy over an important temperature range that contains only one convenient temperature reference point for calibration, the Triple point Triple point of water triple point of water . Introduced by Hewlett Packard in 1965, the successor company, Agilent, has discontinued the Model 2804A Quartz Thermometer. Other manufacturers make nearly linear in temperature quartz crystals that may be used to construct thermometers of similar performance. http www.hparchive.com Journals HPJ 1965 03.pdf original announcement http www.home.agilent.com agilent product.jspx?cc US&lc eng&ckey 2804A epsg pro&nid 536900194.536896781.00&id 2804A epsg pro&pselect SR.GENERAL 2804A Quartz Thermometer discontinued last version of the manual, available here, is dated 1986 http www.statek.com products pdf 10162.pdf Quartz temperature sensors linear crystals for making thermometers Category Thermometers Category Measuring instruments ... more details
Infobox rfam Name IbpB thermometer image IbpB Thermometer.png width caption Conserved secondary structure of the IbpB thermometer Symbol ibpB 5 UTR Rfam RNA type RNA thermometer Tax domain E. coli The IbpB thermometer is an RNA thermometer element found in the ibpAB operon . ref name Gau11 cite journal last Gaubig first LC coauthors Waldminghaus, T, Narberhaus, F title Multiple layers of control govern expression of the Escherichia coli ibpAB heat shock operon. journal Microbiology Reading, England date 2011 Jan volume 157 issue Pt 1 pages 66 76 pmid 20864473 accessdate 18 August 2011 ref The operon contains two heat shock genes, encoding inclusion body binding proteins A and B IbpA B , and is the most drastically upregulated operon under heat shock in Escherichia coli . ref cite journal last Richmond first CS coauthors Glasner, JD, Mau, R, Jin, H, Blattner, FR title Genome wide expression profiling in Escherichia coli K 12. journal Nucleic Acids Research date 1999 Oct 1 volume 27 issue 19 pages 3821 35 pmid 10481021 accessdate 18 August 2011 ref IbpA is regulated by a Repression of heat shock gene expression ROSE element ROSE element found in its 5 UTR , ref cite journal last Waldminghaus first T coauthors Gaubig, LC, Klinkert, B, Narberhaus, F title The Escherichia coli ibpA thermometer is sic hide y comprised of stable and unstable structural elements. journal RNA biology date 2009 Sep Oct volume 6 issue 4 pages 455 63 pmid 19535917 accessdate 18 August 2011 ref ref cite journal last Waldminghaus first T coauthors Fippinger, A, Alfsmann, J, Narberhaus, F title RNA thermometers are common in alpha and gamma proteobacteria. journal Biological chemistry date 2005 Dec volume 386 issue 12 pages 1279 86 pmid 16336122 accessdate 18 August 2011 doi 10.1515 BC.2005.145 ref while IbpB has its own heat sensitive cis regulatory element . The activity of this thermoregulator was confirmed ... is regulated by the IbpB thermometer, is 48 identical to IbpA at the level of amino acid sequence ... more details
good article File FourU.png thumb 280px The FourU thermometer RNA motif, with the Shine Dalgarno sequence highlighted. An RNA thermometer or RNA thermosensor is a temperature sensitive non coding RNA molecule which regulates gene expression . RNA thermometers often regulate genes required during either a heat shock or cold shock response cold shock response, but have been implicated in other regulatory roles such as in pathogenicity and starvation . ref name Nar06 cite journal author Narberhaus F ... 739 3 oclc doi ref Examples of RNA thermometers include FourU thermometer FourU , ref name Wald07 cite ... thermometer in Salmonella journal Mol. Microbiol. volume 65 issue 2 pages 413 24 year 2007 month July ... 723 33 pmid 1827163 doi 10.1016 0022 2836 91 90261 4 ref This RNA thermometer is now thought to encourage ... and escape the host cell. ref name Nar06 The term RNA thermometer was not coined until 1999, ref name Storz99 cite journal last Storz first G title An RNA thermometer journal Genes & development date ... thermometer has been found in mammal s including human s. ref name Sha06 cite journal author Shamovsky ... RNA element ROSE RNA thermometer. ref name Chowdhury2006 cite journal last Chowdhury first S coauthors Maris, C, Allain, FH, Narberhaus, F title Molecular basis for temperature sensing by an RNA thermometer ... of the ROSE RNA thermometer revealed that the mismatched bases are actually engaged in nonstandard ... example of a Trans acting trans acting RNA thermometer has been found in RpoS mRNA 5 UTR RpoS mRNA ... of an RNA thermometer motif is the FourU thermometer found in Salmonella enterica . ref name Wald07 ..., H title Modulation of the stability of the Salmonella fourU type RNA thermometer journal Nucleic ... RNA thermometer is found in the rpoH gene in Escherichia coli . ref name Sha10 cite journal author ... kDa proteins are regulated by an RNA thermometer in the thermophile thermophilic bacterium Thermus ... and the IbpB thermometer . ref cite journal last Gaubig first LC coauthors Waldminghaus, T, Narberhaus ... more details
Microbiology and Biotechnology volume 6 issue 3 4 pmid 15153770 ref Sigma factor RNA thermometer ... level of control. Further speculation suggests the simpler RNA thermometer method of gene ... Thermometer year 2003 last1 Chowdhury first1 S. journal Journal of Biological Chemistry volume 278 ... pmc 1326375 refend External links Rfam id RF01795 name FourU thermometer RNA element Category Non coding ... more details
thermometer can also cause inaccuracy. Lead wire resistance can also be a factor adopting three and four ... see Resistance thermometer Wiring configurations below three wire connection is sufficient ... sheath of the thermometer. This is why laboratory standard thermometers replace the metal sheath ... Wire Resistance Thermometer The simplest resistance thermometer configuration uses two wires. It is only ... Image threewire.gif Three Wire Resistance Thermometer In order to minimize the effects of the lead ... Image fourwire.gif Four Wire Resistance Thermometer The four wire resistance thermometer configuration ... Four Wire Resistance Thermometer Classifications of RTDs The highest accuracy of all PRTs is the Standard ... between 1885 and 1900. Standard resistance thermometer data Temperature sensors are usually supplied ... C Resistance thermometer elements can be supplied which function up to 1000 C. The relation ... on RTD applications DEFAULTSORT Resistance Thermometer Category Sensors Category Resistive components ... more details
references Image Tallest thermometer.jpg thumb The world s tallest thermometer The world s tallest thermometer is a landmark located in Baker, California Baker , California , United States USA . It is technically an electric sign rather than a tall thermometer. However, it exists as a tribute to the List of weather records record 134 degrees Fahrenheit 57 degrees Celsius recorded in nearby Death Valley on July 10, 1913. ref http www.ventdepot.com usa htmls other biggesttherm index.cfm Tourist Information on the World s Tallest Thermometer Bot generated title ref Weighing in at 76,812 pounds and held together by 125 cubic yards of concrete, its temperature readings may be viewed from three different angles. ref http www.ventdepot.com usa htmls other biggesttherm index.cfm Tourist Information on the World s Tallest Thermometer Bot generated title ref It stands 134 feet tall and is capable of displaying a maximum temperature of 134, both of which are a reference to the temperature record. ref http www.popularwealth.com index.php worlds tallest thermometer World s Tallest Thermometer Bot generated title ref History Approved by San Bernardino County Planner Nancy Sansonetti, it was built ... www.popularwealth.com index.php worlds tallest thermometer World s Tallest Thermometer Bot generated ... htmls other biggesttherm index.cfm Tourist Information on the World s Tallest Thermometer Bot generated title ref Recently, the thermometer has fallen into disrepair and no longer properly registers the temperature. Location The world s tallest thermometer is located adjacent to a Bob s Big Boy restaurant ... of the thermometer was shut down for a minor violation according to a sign posted on the glass door. A plaque for the thermometer has been removed. Country Store with 76 ConocoPhillips gas station ... index.php worlds tallest thermometer World s Tallest Thermometer on Popular Wealth ... source placeopedia display title DEFAULTSORT World s Tallest Thermometer Category Landmarks in California ... more details
Image Indoor Outdoor Thermometer.jpg thumb Indoor outdoor thermometer An indoor outdoor thermometer is a thermometer that simultaneously provides a measurement of the indoor and outdoor temperatures. The outdoor part of the thermometer requires some kind of remote temperature sensing device. Conventionally, this was done by extending the bulb of the thermometer to the remote site. Modern instruments are more likely to use some form of electronic transducer . Glass thermometer In an indoor outdoor thermometer based on a conventional liquid in glass thermometer, the stem of the outdoor thermometer is connected to the bulb by a long, flexible or semi rigid capillary action capillary . The temperature scale is marked on the stem as usual. However, the temperature that is actually measured is the temperature at the bulb. ref McGee, p. 130 ref Ambient corrections are difficult to achieve with this system and are not usually done. Consequently it is not as accurate as a conventional precision thermometer. Rather, it is typically used for low cost applications such as private houses. The main issue with accuracy is that if the bulb and the stem are at different levels, there is a change in reading due to the change in pressure head . A further problem is that changes in the ambient temperature of the indoor part of the device can cause a change in reading as well as the temperature of the outdoor part of the device. This effect can be minimised by making the bulb large and the capillary ... thermometer.jpg thumb Wireless indoor outdoor thermometer The sensors can be any of the types used ..., p. 150 Hawkins, p. 90 Lamb, p. 2 ref Applications The primary purpose of the indoor outdoor thermometer ... engineers can use an indoor outdoor thermometer that has not been installed to get a quick reading ..., Rudolf F. Whalen, George J., Build your own indoor outdoor electronic thermometer , Popular Mechanics , vol.133 , no. 2, pp. 150 152, February 1970 ISSN 0032 4558 . Hawkins, W. J., Digital thermometer ... more details
Image Maximum thermometer close up 2.JPG thumb Closeup of a maximum thermometer. The break in the column of mercury is visible. A mercury in glass thermometer , also known as a mercury thermometer , was invented by German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1714 and is a thermometer consisting of mercury ... of the mercury. To increase the sensitivity, there is usually a bulb of mercury at the end of the thermometer ... Osaby.JPG thumb 150px A large mercury in glass thermometer. The thermometer was used by the originators ... for reaching a good calibration of his thermometer lasted for 2 winters. By performing the same experiment over and over again, he discovered that ice always melted at the same calibration mark on the thermometer ... noted this . At the moment that he removed the thermometer from the vapour, the mercury level ... between Celsius, Centigrade and Fahrenheit ref Finally, Celsius proposed a method of calibrating a thermometer Place the cylinder of the thermometer in melting ice made of pure water and mark the point where the fluid in the thermometer stabilises. This point is the freeze thaw point of water. In the same manner mark the point where the fluid stabilises when the thermometer is placed in boiling ... thermometer File Clinical thermometer 38.7.JPG thumb right 200px A medical mercury in glass maximum thermometer showing the temperature of 38.7 C. A special kind of mercury in glass thermometer, called a maximum thermometer, works by having a constriction in the neck close to the bulb. As the temperature ... the set period of time. To reset the thermometer it must be swung sharply. This design is used in the traditional type of medical thermometer . Maximum minimum thermometer A maximum minimum thermometer , also known as Six s thermometer, is a thermometer which can measure the maximum and minimum temperatures ..., and so it is not strictly a mercury thermometer. Physical properties Mercury will solidify freeze ... . If the thermometer contains nitrogen, the gas may flow down into the column and be trapped there when ... more details
Image Liquid Crystal Thermometer.jpg 400px thumb Liquid Crystal Forehead Thermometer A liquid crystal thermometer or plastic strip thermometer is a type of thermometer that contains heat sensitive Thermochromism thermochromic liquid crystals in a plastic strip that change color to indicate different temperatures . ref http kicp yerkes.uchicago.edu 2003 winter pdf ywi2003 liquid crystals.pdf Liquid Crystal Lab Notes Walter Glogowski, http cfcp.uchicago.edu education explorers 2003winter YERKES index.html 2003 Yerkes Winter Institute , Center for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago . Retrieved 07 03 2010. ref Liquid crystals possess the mechanical properties of a liquid, but have the optical properties of a single crystal. Temperature changes can affect the color of a liquid crystal, which makes them useful for temperature measurement. The resolution of liquid crystal sensors is in the 0.1 Celsius C range. Disposable liquid crystal thermometers have been developed for home and medical use. For example if the thermometer is black and it is put onto someone s forehead it will change colour depending on the temperature of the person. There are two stages in the liquid crystals, 1 the hot nematic stage is the closest to the liquid phase where the molecules are freely moving around and only partly ordered. 2 the cold smectic stage is closest to the solid phase where the molecules align themselves into tightly wound chiral matrixes. Liquid crystal thermometers portray temperatures as colors and can be used to follow temperature changes caused by heat flow. They can be used to observe that heat flows by Heat conduction conduction , convection , and radiation . In medical applications, liquid crystal thermometers may be used to read body temperature by placing against the forehead. These are safer than a mercury in glass thermometer , and may be advantageous in some patients, but don t always give an exact result, especially the smaller ones. Liquid crystal thermometers ... more details
PT100 or PT 100 may refer to A type of the Taurus PT92 pistol A type of resistance thermometer Letter NumberCombDisambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
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