sound correspondences Phoneme Proto Polynesian language Proto Polynesian Tongan Niuean language ... of the Tonganlanguage. However, C.M. Churchward s grammar and dictionary favoured the standard .... For example, Masisi a star name in Tongan is cognate with Matiti in Tokelau language Tokelauan siale Gardenia taitensis in Tongan and tiare in Tahitian language Tahitian . This seems to be a natural ... the distance between him and the nobles or the king. Pronouns The Tonganlanguage distinguishes 3 ... major columns in the tables below. The Tonganlanguage distinguishes 4 persons First person Clusivity ... written, language. The Bible and the Book of Mormon were translated into Tongan and few other books ...Dablink This article is about the Polynesian languages Polynesian language of the kingdom of Tonga . For unrelated languages with similar names, see Tonganlanguage disambiguation . Infobox language name Tongan nativename lea faka Tonga states Tonga, American Samoa, Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand ... fam5 Tongic languages Tongic nation flag Tonga iso1 to iso2 ton iso3 ton notice IPA Tongan lea fakatonga is an Austronesian languages Austronesian language spoken in Tonga . It has around 200,000 ... and is a national language of Tonga . It is a verb subject object VSO verb subject object language. Related languages Tongan is one of the many languages in the Polynesian languages Polynesian branch of the Austronesian languages, along with Hawaiian language Hawaiian , Maori language Maori , Samoan language Samoan and Tahitian language Tahitian , for example. Together with Niuean language Niuean , it forms the Tongic languages Tongic subgroup of Polynesian. Tongan is unusual among Polynesian languages in that it has a so called definitive accent . Like all Polynesian languages, Tongan has adapted the phonological system of proto Polynesian. Tongan has retained the original proto Polynesian h, but has merged it with the original s as IPA h . The IPA s found in modern Tongan derives from ... more details
Tongan can refer to Tongans Tongan people , a person from Tonga Tonganlanguage Tong an District , district in Xiamen, Fujian, China See also Tonganlanguage disambiguation disambig ... more details
Infobox Film name Tongan Ninja image Tongan Ninja VideoCover.jpeg director Jason Stutter producer Andrew Calder & Jason Stutter writer Jemaine Clement and Jason Stutter starring Sam Manu br Jemaine Clement br Lisa Tseng br Raybon Kan br David Fane br Victor Rodger music Plan 9 br Jemaine Clement br Bret McKenzie production company Warner Bros. br Village Roadshow Pictures distributor Anchor Bay Entertainment USA br High Fliers Distribution UK br Magna Pacific AUS & NZ br Showtime Australia Australia br Wild Pictures and Wild Side Vid o France released North America br November 2, 2002 br France br January 18, 2006 runtime 83 min. country New Zealand language English language English budget NZ 80,000 gross Tongan Ninja is a 2002 full length kung fu Action film action comedy directed by Jason Stutter and filmed in New Zealand . The film has received recent notoriety for co starring and being co written by Jemaine Clement , star of the HBO comedy Flight of the Conchords TV series Flight of the Conchords . The movie is a parody of English dubbed martial arts films, with a few other popular films and the plot is taken from Way of the Dragon . It also features songs written by Jemaine Clement and Bret McKenzie also from the Flight of the Conchords. Plot A young child is stranded in Tonga when his plane crashes and his father is eaten by a fish. He trains in a dojo till he becomes the Tonga n Ninja . The Tongan Ninja is dispatched to the island nation of New Zealand in order to help a brother of his master with his floundering Chinese restaurant. But the mysterious Mister Big stands ... Fighter who may know a lot about the hero. Cast Sam Manu ... Tongan Ninja Sione Finau Jemaine ... ... Herman the Henchman Victor Rodger ... Mr. Big Charley Murphy Samau ... Tongan Ninja Child Brett ... Zealand directors Peter Jackson and Andrew Adamson . External links imdb title 0352925 Tongan Ninja ... Category Martial arts comedy films Category New Zealand comedy films fr Tongan Ninja ... more details
Context date October 2009 Tongan mythology is a variant of a more general Polynesian mythology in Tonga . Creation myth In the beginning there was just the sea, and the spirit world, Pulotu and between them was a rock called Touia okina o Futuna. On the rock lived Biki and his twin sister, Kele, okina Atungaki and his twin sister, Maimoa okina o Longona, Fonua uta and his twin sister, Fonuavai, and Hemoana and his twin sister, Lupe. Biki lay with his own sister and she bore him two children, a son, Taufulifonua, and a daughter, Havea Lolofonua okina Atungaki also lay with his sister, who bore him a daughter, Velelahi and Fonua okina uta lay with his sister and she bore him a daughter, Velesi okina i. When Taufulifonua grew to manhood, his sister, Havea Lolofonua, bore him a son, Hikule o Hikule okina o , Tangaloa Tongan mythology Tangaloa and Maui Tongan mythology Maui divided the creation between them. Hikule okina o took as his portion, Pulotu, Tangaloa took the sky and Maui the underworld. Hemoana, whose form the sea snake , and Lupe, whose form was a dove, then divided the remainder between them, Hemoana taking the sea and Lupe taking the land. Tangaloa had several sons in the sky Tangaloa Tamapo okina uli okina Alamafoa, Tangaloa okina Eitumatupu okina a, Tangaloa okina Atulongolongo and Tangaloa Tufunga. Old Tangaloa grew tired of looking down from the sky and seeing nothing ... Samoan language S moan Manua Islands Manu okina a and there an old man, Tonga Fusifonua, gave him ... people . Other prominent entries on Tongan mythology Aho eitu Aitu Eua Hikule o Ilaheva Kae and Longopoa Kohai, Koau, mo Momo Laufakana a Maui Tongan mythology Maui Niuatoputapu Sangone Seketo a Tafahi Tamapo uli alamafoa Tangaloa Tongan mythology Tangaloa Tu itatui Ata Limu Tongan mythology Limu See also Culture of Tonga Polynesian mythology References Johnson, D. C. Ed. . 2005 . The Tongan ... . Polynesian Monarchy United Kingdom Of Tonga DEFAULTSORT Tongan Mythology Category Tongan ... more details
Infobox religious biography background FFD068 color black name Tongan Daopi br linktext image Tongan Daopi Image Zen.jpg caption birth name alias dharma name birth date birth place China death date death place nationality religion school Zen Ch n lineage title Zen Master Ch n master location education occupation teacher Yunju Daoying predecessor Yunju Daoying successor Tongan Guanzhi ? students Tongan Guanzhi ? Tongan Daopi zh t CJKV j Doan D hi was a Zen Buddhist monk during the end of the Tang Dynasty and the beginning of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period . Very little is known about him. Traditional biographies record that he was the abbot of Tongan Monastery on Mount ... s Hall Record , which was completed in 952, but it fails to mention Tongan Daopi as a disciple of his supposed teacher Yunju Daoying . The Zutang ji does, however, record someone with the name Tongan asking a question to Yunju Daoying. The scholar Ui Hakuju has written this could likely refer to Tongan ... around 1004. However, in that work, is does not mention Tongan Daopi as having any disciples. The commonly accepted version of his lineage holds that Tongan Guanzhi is Tongan Daopi s successor. However, this comes from Huihong s Sengbao zhuan , which was completed in 1119, much longer after Tongan s death than the other works. The Transmission of the Lamp instead claims that Tongan Guanzhi is the disciple of a Tongan Wei , in turn a student of Jufeng Puman , with Jufeng being an apparently obscure student of the famous Dongshan Liangjie . Both Tongan Wei and Jufeng Puman are listed for the first ... of the Lamp as being descended through Jufeng Puman and Tongan Wei. Dayang was close with Wang ... would have been made therein about his lineage. This suggests that Tongan Guanzhi is much more likely to have been a student of Tongan Wei and not Tongan Daopi as commonly accepted. ref name sch ... Zen patriarch before Yunju Daoying after Tongan Guanzhi years S end Persondata NAME ALTERNATIVE ... more details
The Tongan Passport is an international travel document that is issued to Tongan citizens. Tongan Protected Person Some countries decline to accept Tongan Protected Person passports, though they accept Tongan citizen passports. ref http eur lex.europa.eu LexUriServ LexUriServ.do?uri OJ L 2000 239 0001 0473 EN PDF EU Regulation ref ref http www.immigration.govt.nz nzis operations manual 5495.htm Unacceptable travel documents ref ref http www.hkatc.gov.hk HK AIP AIP GEN HK GEN1.3.pdf GEN 1.3 ENTRY, TRANSIT AND DEPARTURE OF PASSENGERS AND CREW ref Tongan Protected Person passports are sold by the Government of Tonga to anyone who is not a Tongan national. ref http query.nytimes.com gst fullpage.html?res 9E0CE5DD1039F934A35755C0A964958260 In the Court of the King of Tonga ref A holder of a Tongan Protected Person passport is forbidden to enter or settle in Tonga. Generally, those holders are refugees, stateless persons, and individuals who for political reasons do not have access to any other passport issuing authority. References reflist See also Visa requirements for Tongan citizens Passports Category Passports by country Tonga Category Government of Tonga Category Foreign relations of Tonga tr Tonga pasaportu ... more details
Infobox religious biography background FFD068 color black name Tongan Guanzhi br linktext image Tongan Guanzhi Image Zen.jpg caption birth name alias dharma name birth date birth place China death date death place nationality religion school Zen Ch n lineage title Zen Master Ch n master location education occupation teacher Tongan Daopi or Tongan Wei see text predecessor Tongan Daopi or Tongan Wei see text successor Liangshan Yuanguan students Liangshan Yuanguan Tongan Guanzhi zh t CJKV j D an Kanshi was a Zen Buddhist monk during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in 10th century China. ref citation title The True Dharma Eye Zen Master Dogen s Three Hundred Koans last Loori first John Daido last2 Tanahashi first2 Kazuaki ISBN 978 1 59030 465 5 publisher Shambhala Publications year 2009 page 432 ref Traditionally, he is considered to be the student of Tongan Daopi . However, the basis for this belief comes from a text by Huihong called the Chanlin sengbao zhuan Chronicle of the Sangha Treasure in the Groves of Chan , which was completed in 1119, many years after Tongan s death. ref name sch History Tongan Guanzhi s name first appears in the Transmission of the Lamp , which was compiled around 1004. However, in that work, he is not listed as a student of Tongan Daopi. In fact, it states Daopi has no students at all. The Transmission of the Lamp instead claims that Tongan Guanzhi is the disciple of Tongan Wei , in turn a student of Jufeng Puman , with Jufeng being an apparently obscure student of the famous Dongshan Liangjie . Both Tongan Wei and Jufeng Puman ..., is recorded in the Transmission of the Lamp as being descended through Jufeng Puman and Tongan Wei ... that an error would have been made therein about his lineage. This suggests that Tongan Guanzhi is more likely to have been a student of Tongan Wei and not Tongan Daopi. ref name sch citation ... patriarch before Tongan Daopi after Liangshan Yuanguan years S end Persondata NAME ALTERNATIVE NAMES ... more details
Tongan Americans are citizens of the United States who can trace their ancestry to Tonga , either through descent or emigration. There are approximately 57,000 Tongans and Tongan Americans living in the United States, as of 2012. ref name smdj cite news first last title Tongans mourn passing of king url http www.smdailyjournal.com article preview.php?id 230806&title Tongans 20mourn 20passing 20of 20king work San Mateo Daily Journal publisher date 2012 03 20 accessdate 2012 03 31 ref San Mateo County, California , which is located south of San Francisco , has one of the largest Tongan people Tongan populations outside of the country, encompassing a community of an estimated 13,000 people. ref name smdj Other American cities with significant Tongan American populations include Seattle, Washington Portland, Oregon Anchorage, Alaska Inland Empire, California East Palo Alto, California San Bruno, California Oakland, California San Jose, California Inglewood, California Los Angeles, California Salt Lake City, Utah Kona, Hawaii Lahaina, Hawaii Reno, Nevada St. Petersburg, Florida and Euless, Texas References reflist Pacific Islander Americans Demographics of the United States ethno stub US stub Category American people of Tongan descent Category Ethnic groups in the United States Category American people of Polynesian descent ... more details
Taxobox name Tongan Whistler image status VU status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Bird Aves ordo Passeriformes familia Pachycephalidae genus Pachycephala species P. jacquinoti binomial Pachycephala jacquinoti binomial authority Charles Lucien Bonaparte Bonaparte , 1850 synonyms The Tongan Whistler Pachycephala jacquinoti is a species of bird in the Pachycephalidae family. It is Endemism endemic to the islands of Vava u and Late Tonga Late in Tonga . It is mainly found in tropical primary forest , but can sometimes be seen in second growth or wooded plantations. It is similar to the Australian Golden Whistler in appearance, but the head and throat of the male is entirely black, and the underparts of the female are yellow. The Tongan Whistler is threatened by habitat loss . References BirdLife International 2004. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 15810 all Pachycephala jacquinoti . http www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 26 July 2007. Category Pachycephala Category Birds of Tonga Category Endemic fauna of Tonga Pachycephalidae stub pt Pachycephala jacquinoti sv Tongavisslare to Hengehenga zh ... more details
features text in the Tonganlanguage and shows the portrait of King Taufa ahau Tupou IV . The reverse is in English language and shows typical motives and landmarks of Tonga the Ha amonga a Maui Ha okina amonga okina a Maui Trilithon, the royal palace, the Tongan Development Bank, the Port of Vava ..., the soft end of a coconut , or, in vulgar language, a mouth . Pa anga, on the other hand, translated ... the Tongan pound pound at a rate of 1 pound 2 pa okina anga. Until 11 February 1991, the pa anga ... system something like nevertheless in XXXX the barter economy was abolished and the Tongan ... and 2 seniti, wheat sheaves and stars on the 5 and 10 seniti, and the Tongan coat of arms on the higher ... akai Tongan Grow more food and the denomination on the reverse. All 1975 present coins are FAO themed ... to Pa anga uk yo Tongan pa anga zh ... more details
Culture of Tonga Among the first published works of Tongan literature , in the late 1960s and early 1970s, were Epeli Hau ofa s short stories and Konai Helu Thaman s poetry. Hau ofa s popular collection of short stories Tales of the Tikong 1973 was followed by a novel, Kisses in the Nederends , 1987, noted for its satirical style. The emergence of Tonga n literature written literature as distinct from oral literature took place in the context of the development of indigenous Pacific Islander literature in the Pacific region as a whole, beginning in the late 1960s. Source http www.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj paclangunit English South Pacific.htm English in the South Pacific , John Lynch and France Mugler, University of the South Pacific br Oceanian topic literature lit stub Tonga stub Category Tongan literature Category Literature in English Tonga ... more details
The pound was the currency of Tonga until 1967. It was subdivided into 20 shilling s, each of 12 penny pence . History Initially, British pound British currency circulated. This was supplemented, from 1921, by banknotes issued by the Tongan government. The notes were marked as Pound sterling sterling and included the rather unusual 4 shilling s denomination. When the Australian pound devalued relative to the pound sterling at the beginning of the Great depression , this caused considerable confusion on the smaller islands of the British Western Pacific Territories British Western Pacific . In the mid 1930 s people in these islands were asking whether or not their sterling accounts were to be considered as the United Kingdom unit, or the Australian unit. Clarification was sought. In 1936, the Tongan pound was devalued to 1 5s 1 pound sterling, thus setting the Tongan pound equal to the Australian pound . Later issues of banknotes had the word sterling crossed out, then removed all together. In 1967, the pound was replaced by the Tongan pa anga pa anga at a rate of 1 pound 2 pa anga. For a more general view of history in the wider region, see The Pound Sterling in Australia, New Zealand, and Oceania . Banknotes In 1921, 5 pounds notes were introduced, followed, in 1933, by notes for 4 and 10 shillings and 1 pound. These four denominations were issued until 1966. See also Economy of Tonga References refbegin numis cite SCWPM date 1994 refend External links Category Currencies of Oceania Category Modern obsolete currencies Category Economy of Tonga Pound Category 1967 disestablishments Category History of Tonga Money unit stub Tonga stub Pound currency de Tonga Pfund el es Libra tongana ... more details
Taxobox name Tongan Megapode image MegapodiusPritchardiiBuller.jpg status EN status system IUCN3.1 status ref ref name IUCN BirdLife International 2004. http www.iucnredlist.org apps redlist details 141203 0 Megapodius pritchardii . http www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 10 July 2007. ref regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Aves ordo Galliformes familia Megapodiidae genus Megapodius species M. pritchardii binomial Megapodius pritchardii binomial authority John Edward Gray Gray , 1864 synonyms The Tongan Megapode Megapodius pritchardii is a species of bird in the megapode family Megapodiidae , currently endemism endemic to Tonga . The species is also known as the Polynesian Megapode , and as the Niuafo ou Megapode after the island of Niuafo ou to which it was restricted for many years. The specific epithet honours British consul William Thomas Pritchard . Distribution and habitat The Tongan Megapode is the only remaining species of megapode in Tonga out of the four or five species that were present on the islands in prehuman times as shown through the fossil record , and indeed the only species of megapode that survives in Polynesia . ref name Steadman Steadman D, 2006 . Extinction and Biogeography in Tropical Pacific Birds , University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978 0 226 77142 7 P.p. 291 292 ref Similar extinctions occurred in Fiji and New Caledonia , which apparently had three species in prehistory. The species itself once had a more widespread distribution, occurring across most of Tonga, Samoa and Niue . ref cite journal author Steadman, David W. Worthy, Trevor H. Anderson, Atholl J. & Walter, Richard. date 2000 06 01 title New species and records of birds from prehistoric sites on Niue, southwest Pacific. journal Wilson Bulletin ... caldera. The Tongan Megapode, like all megapodes, does not avian incubation incubate its ... thumb left The Tongan Megapode is principally threatened by the same factors that caused its ... more details
Tongan king , but put outside the Tongan ranking system by Samoa S moan ancestry.It is named the Ha ..., someone outside the Tongan ranking system, like M ori princess Heeni Katipa, has to do it. Aftermath ... references Category Tongan culture Funerals Category Polynesian clothing Funerals Category ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The Tongan Civil War of Independence was a civil war fought in Tonga from 1799 to 1845. The war resulted in the Tongan Islands being unified as an independent kingdom state. The war began in 1799 when Tuku aho , the 14th Tu i Kanokupolu , was Assassination assassinated . The Tu i Tonga Empire had been in decline for some time, and after the assassination Tonga became a battleground for rival chieftains heading small, island based tribes. The war effectively ended in 1845 when T ufa hau who was backed by Christian missionaries after his conversion to Christianity and being Baptism baptized with the Christian name George Tupou I of Tonga George Tupou unified all of the Tongan Islands into a monarchy kingdom . However, the last chieftain who claimed independence from T ufa hau s rule did not die until 1852, and it was not until 1875 that a constitution was promulgated by the king which formally established Tonga as a kingdom. References Okusitino M hina, http www.planet tonga.com language journal Emancipation in Tonga index.shtml Emancipation in Tonga Yesterday and Today , 11 June 2004 DEFAULTSORT Tongan Civil War Of Independence Category History of Tonga Category Civil wars involving the states and peoples of Oceania Category Civil wars of the Industrial era Category Succession based civil wars Category Wars involving Tonga ... more details
Infobox Airline airline Royal Tongan Airlines image Royal Tongan Airlines logo.png image size 250 IATA ... , Tonga key people website Royal Tongan Airlines was the national airline of Tonga until liquidation ... the setting up of a Tongan airline. It was planned for Friendly Island Airways to begin operations ... in favour of Tongan participation in Air Nauru , which was expected to take delivery of a third ... http www.flyroyaltongan.com about index.shtml title A Proud History publisher Royal Tongan Airlines ... Peat Aviation . In June 1991, the name was changed from Friendly Island Airways to Royal Tongan ... Airlines on routes to Sydney , Honolulu and Los Angeles . ref name proudhistory File Royal Tongan Airlines Boeing 737 200 AKL King.jpg thumb Royal Tongan Boeing 737 200 at Auckland Airport 2000 ... 737 300 operated on Royal Tongan routes. The airline also gained approval from the Australian government ... articles 1995 06 14 26172 tongan lease share.html title Tongan Lease Share date 14 June 1995 publisher ... between Tongatapu and Sydney were announced in April 1999 as part of a Tongan initiative to increase tourist numbers from Australia. The once weekly flights, the first by a Tongan airline to Australia ... archive 1999 april 04 02 06.html title Royal Tongan Air begins direct flights to Sydney date 1 April ... Royal Tongan to continue flying to Niue from Tonga past 28 October 2002 that date on which the flights were to cease, and Polynesian Airlines would begin jet service to Auckland . Royal Tongan ... 2002 language Radio New Zealand International accessdate 2009 10 21 location Wellington, New Zealand ... summary 0286 26773542 ITM title Brunei Tongan Airlines start operations last Yahya first Rosli Abidin ... of Tongan MPs, opposed the government giving Royal Tongan financial support with public ..., New Zealand ref Royal Tongan service of the 757, nicknamed Ikale Tahi , was inaugurated at Fua amotu ... Tongan Airlines B757.htm title Address by His Royal Highness Prince Ulukalala Lavaka Ata At the Inauguration ... more details
In Tonga , Maui drew up the Tongan Islands from the deep first appeared Lofaga and the other Ha apai Ha okina apai Islands, and finally Vava u Vava okina u . Maui then dwelt in Tonga. Maui had two sons the eldest, Maui Atalaga, and the younger Kisikisi. The latter discovered the secret of fire, and taught people the art of cooking food he made fire dwell in certain kinds of wood. Maui bears the earth on his shoulders, and when he nods in sleep it causes earthquakes, therefore the people have to stamp on the ground to waken him. Hikule o , the deity presiding over Pulotu , the underworld, is Maui s younger brother. Houga is pointed out as the spot where Maui s fish hook caught Tregear 1891 235 236 . Other sources say that in Tonga there were three Maui brothers Maui motu okina a old Maui , Maui atalanga, and Maui kisikisi dragonfly Maui , the last one being the trickster. He also got the name Maui fusi fonua Maui land puller when he begged the magic fishhook from the old fisherman Tongafusifonua, who lived in Manuka Samoan language S moan Manua Islands Manu okina a . Tongafusifonua allowed him to take the fishhook, under the condition that he could find it in his collection of countless hooks. But his wife, Tavatava betrayed the secret, allowing Maui to pick the right hook. And so he was able to fish up the coral islands from the bottom of the ocean. Volcanic islands are supposed to have fallen down from heavens. See also Laufakana a M ui Hawaiian mythology Maui Mangarevan mythology M ui M ori mythology Maui Tahitian mythology Ti iti i Samoan mythology External links http www.sacred texts.com pac om om07.htm Oceanic Mythology Roland B. Dixon, 1916, chapter on the M ui cycle References E.R. Tregear, Maori Polynesian Comparative Dictionary Lyon and Blair Lambton Quay, 1891 . M. Beckwith, Hawaiian Mythology University of Hawaii Press Honolulu, 1970 . Category Tongan mythology Category Tongan legends Category Maui legend Tonga ... more details
In the Polynesian mythology of Tonga , Limu is the primeval Tongan god of creation, whose union with the goddess Kele produced the goddess Touiafutuna, from whom all creation descends. ref Craig, Robert D., Dictionary of Polynesian Mythology Greenwood Press New York, 1989 , 140 ref ref Reiter, F. X. 1907 Traditions tonguiennes Anthropos 2 230 240, 438 448, 743 754 ref See also Tongan mythology References reflist Category Tongan mythology Oceania myth stub ... more details
Tangaloa was an important family of gods in Tonga n Tongan mythology mythology . The first Tangaloa was the cousin of Hikule o Havea Hikule okina o and Maui Tongan mythology Maui , or in some sources the brother or son or father of them. He was Tangaloa okina Eiki T. lord , and was assigned by his father, Taufulifonua, the realm of the sky to rule. Among his offspring the following are found Tamapo uli alamafoa Tangaloa Tamapo okina uli okina alamafoa , Tangaloa okina Eitum tupu okina a, Tangaloa okina Atulongolongo, and Tangaloa Tufunga. But different sources disagree about the exact family relations between any Tangaloa. Tangaloa Tufunga T. carpenter was known as an adze maker. Tangaloa okina Eitum tupu okina a is known in Samoa S moa as Tagaloa Eitumatupua T. ghost and riddle an eitu or aitu is a second rank god of somewhat malevolent nature . okina Eitum tupu okina a A big toa Casuarinaceae ironwood tree reaching into the sky grew on the island of To okina onangakava between Mata aho Tongatapu Mata okina aho and Talakite ref In the lagoon of Tongatapu , nowadays there is only a 2 m wide channel between Mata okina aho and Talakite, To okina onangakava having disappeared. ref . Tangaloa okina Eitum tupu okina a climbed down from the sky and saw a beautiful woman shellfishing. Her name was Ilaheva okina Ilaheva also known as Popua Va okina epopua for the village were she came from. They cohabitated and the god went back up. He returned and they slept and he went up, many times. One day they overslept and a tern flying over saw them and woke them up. Therefore one island is called Tala kite tern see and the other Mata okina aho Eye of day . okina Ilaheva became pregnant are bore ... Islands , as Tana okina oa or Taka okina oa . In M ori language Aotearoa as Tangaroa god of the sea. Notes references References E.W. Gifford, Tongan myths and tales , BPB Bulletin 8 , 1924 R.D. Craig, Dictionary of Polynesian Mythology Greenwood Press New York, 1989 , 100. Category Tongan mythology ... more details
The Tu okina ungafasi or Tongan music notation is a subset of the standard music notation , originally developed by the missionary James Egan Moulton in the 19th century for singing church hymns in Tonga . The notation Tongan music from the pre European times was not really music in the current sense but rather a non tonic recital like the pater noster , a style still known nowadays as the tau fakaniua . Therefore when the missionaries started to teach singing, they had also to start with music from scratch. They found the doh ray mi fah sol la si doh scale sufficient for their needs, avoiding the very complex and difficult to learn international music notation. But due to the limited number of consonants in the Tonganlanguage , the note names were localised into to le mi Unfortunately the word tole is a sexual slang vulgar expression for the vagina , and as such not to be used. Moulton then developed a system where the main notes were indicated with the numbers 3 to 9, while a strike to the digits was used to sharpen them, for example strike 7 strike , being 7 or 8b. At the end the full 12 notes of the octave became 3 strike 3 strike 4 strike 4 strike 5 6 strike 6 strike 7 strike 7 strike 8 strike 8 strike 9, which are pronounced as to lu fa ma ni o no tu fi va a hi, variants of the Tongan numerals 3 to 9 being tolu, f , nima, ono, fitu, valu, hiva . To extend the single octave midi octave number 4 into the next higher, a dot can be put above the number. To reach the next lower, a dot or a little tail can be put under them. If needed 2 tails can be taken to arrive at even ... to have the extended range of musical instruments. The Moulton notation, or Tongan notation was extremely ... out the music on the blackboards in the church halls during choir practices. Pitch Tongan singers ... 1 Music Transmission in an Auckland Tongan Community Youth Band , International Journal of Community Music , 2 1 . Category Tongan music Category Musical notation ... more details
Politics of Tonga The Tongan Democratic Labor Party is a political party in Tonga . The party was founded on 8 June 2010 by members of the Tongan Public Servants Association. ref name rnz1 cite web url http www.rnzi.com pages news.php?op read&id 54071 title Tonga PSA forms party ahead of November election publisher Radio New Zealand International date 2010 06 09 accessdate 2010 06 09 ref It plans to contest all 17 people s constituencies in the Tongan general election, 2010 2010 election . ref name rnz1 Five of the party s 2010 candidates are women. ref cite web url http www.rnzi.com pages news.php?op read&id 56625 title Ten women contesting Tonga poll publisher Radio New Zealand International date 2010 10 25 accessdate 2010 10 25 ref The party did not win any seats in the Tongan general election, 2010 2010 elections . References reflist Tongan political parties Category Labour parties Category Political parties in Tonga Category Political parties established in 2010 Category 2010 establishments in Tonga oceania party stub Tonga stub pl Demokratyczna Partia Pracy Tonga pt Partido Democr tico Trabalhista de Tonga ... more details
n were the first to re obtain Tongan nationality through application on the basis of the 2007 ... Tongan Citizenship , press release from the office of the Prime Minister of Tonga, February ... , section 7 ref . Tongans and Commonwealth citizenship Tongan citizens are also Commonwealth citizen ... for election. References reflist Nationality laws Category Tongan law Category Nationality law ... more details
Royal Tongan Limu was a seaweed extract product manufactured and distributed by Dynamic Essentials, a now defunct multilevel marketing company based in Lake Mary, Florida , until legal issues with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration forced the company s closure in 2003. Subsequently, NBTY , Inc., the parent company of Dynamic Essentials, was ordered to pay a 2 million USD settlement in a class action suit launched by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission and United States Department of Justice Department of Justice in response to misleading and illegal claims made about the purported health benefits of Royal Tongan Limu. Key Personnel Gary Raser, Chief Executive Officer Dallin Larsen, Vice President of Sales References http www.fda.gov bbs topics news 2003 new00976.html Royal Tongan Limu Dietary Supplements Promoted to Treat Various Diseases Destroyed November 10, 2003. http www.casewatch.org ftc news 2005 nbty.shtml NBTY to Pay 2 Million Penalty for Alleged Violations of FTC Order. Category Defunct multi level marketing companies ... more details
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