Orphan date December 2010 PBB geneid 94033 Mitochondrial ferritin is a ferroxidase enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FTMT gene . ref name pmid11323407 cite journal author Levi S, Corsi B, Bosisio M, Invernizzi R, Volz A, Sanford D, Arosio P, Drysdale J title A human mitochondrial ferritin encoded by an intronless gene journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 276 issue 27 pages 24437 40 year 2001 month July pmid 11323407 doi 10.1074 jbc.C100141200 url issn ref It is classified as a metal binding protein which is located within the mitochondrion mitochondria . After the protein is taken up by the mitochondria it can be processed into a mature protein and assemble functional ferritin shells. Structure Its structure was determined at 1.70 through the use of X ray diffraction and contains 182 residues. It is 67 helical. The Ramachandran plot shows that the structure of mitochondrial ferritin is mainly alpha helical with a low prevalence of beta sheets. References reflist 2 Further reading refbegin 2 cite journal author Langlois d Estaintot B, Santambrogio P, Granier T, et al. title Crystal structure and biochemical properties of the human mitochondrial ferritin and its mutant Ser144Ala. journal ... in HeLa cells are rescued by the expression of human mitochondrial ferritin. journal Biochim. Biophys ... author Cazzola M, Invernizzi R, Bergamaschi G, et al. title Mitochondrial ferritin expression in erythroid ... R, et al. title Mitochondrial ferritin a new player in iron metabolism. journal Blood Cells Mol. Dis ... P, et al. title Mitochondrial ferritin limits oxidative damage regulating mitochondrial iron ... EL, Ray PD, Tsuji Y title Role and regulation of ferritin H in rotenone mediated mitochondrial ... P, Levi S, et al. title Unique iron binding and oxidation properties of human mitochondrial ... SM, et al. title Mitochondrial ferritin in the substantia nigra in restless legs syndrome. journal ... 10.1097 NEN.0b013e3181bdc44f refend DEFAULTSORT Mitochondrial Ferritin Category EC 1.16.3 Category ... more details
The mitochondrial shuttles are systems used to transport reducing agents across the inner mitochondrial membrane . NADH cannot cross the membrane, but it can reduce another molecule that can cross the membrane, so that its electrons can reach the electron transport chain . The two main systems in humans are class wikitable Name In, to mitochondrion To electron transport chain ETC Out, to cytosol Glycerol phosphate shuttle glycerol 3 phosphate Coenzyme Q QH sub 2 sub 2 ATP dihydroxyacetone phosphate Malate aspartate shuttle malate Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH 3 ATP oxaloacetate ref name ufp Silva, Pedro. http www2.ufp.pt pedros bq respi.htm The chemical logic behind... Fermentation and Respiration , Universidade Fernando Pessoa , 2002 01 04. Retrieved on 2009 04 02. ref aspartate In humans, the glycerol phosphate shuttle is primarily found in brown adipose tissue , as the conversion is less efficient, thus generating heat, which is one of the main purposes of brown fat. It is primarily found in babies, though it is present in small amounts in adults around the kidneys and on the back of our necks. ref name ufp The malate aspartate shuttle is found in much of the rest of the body. Notes and references reflist Category Cellular respiration biochem stub ca Llan adora mitocondrial zh ... more details
not replicate their DNA. Replication of chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes occurs independent of the cell ... including retrovirus es employ a transfer RNA that primes DNA replication by providing a free .... Main Replication fork The replication fork is a structure that forms within the nucleus during DNA ...Merge from Replication fork discuss Talk DNA replication Merge from Replication fork date May 2009 Image DNA replication split.svg thumb 200px right DNA replication. The double helix is unwound and each ... partner strands. DNA replication is a biological process that occurs in all life on Earth living organisms and copies their DNA it is the basis for heredity biological inheritance . The process starts when one double stranded DNA molecule produces two identical copies of the molecule. The cell cycle mitosis also pertains to the DNA replication reproduction process. The cell cycle includes, interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Each strand of the original double stranded DNA ... ensure Mutation near perfect fidelity for DNA replication. ref cite book author Berg JM, Tymoczko ... 0 7167 3051 0 http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov books bv.fc,kgi?rid stryer.chapter.3740 Chapter 27 DNA Replication ... 3218 1 http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov books bv.fcgi?rid mboc4.chapter.747 Chapter 5 DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination ref In a cell biology cell , DNA replication begins at specific locations in the genome ... 4 DNA Replication of Both Strands Proceeds Rapidly from Specific Start Sites ref Unwinding of DNA at the origin, and synthesis of new strands, forms a replication fork . In addition to DNA polymerase , the enzyme that synthesizes the new DNA by adding nucleotides matched to the template strand, a number ... of DNA synthesis. DNA replication can also be performed in vitro artificially, outside a cell . DNA polymerases , isolated from cells, and artificial DNA primers are used to initiate DNA synthesis at known ..., employs such artificial synthesis in a cyclic manner to amplify a specific target DNA fragment ... more details
enzyme Name chloroplast protein transporting ATPase EC number 3.6.3.52 CAS number IUBMB EC number 3 6 3 52 GO code 0016464 image width caption In enzymology , a chloroplast protein transporting ATPase EC number 3.6.3.52 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP H sub 2 sub O math rightleftharpoons math ADP phosphate Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are adenosine triphosphate ATP and water H sub 2 sub O , whereas its two product chemistry products are adenosine diphosphate ADP and phosphate . This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolase s, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides to catalyse transmembrane movement of substances. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP phosphohydrolase chloroplast protein importing . References reflist 1 cite journal author Cline K, Ettinger WF, Theg SM year 1992 title Protein specific energy requirements for protein transport across or into thylakoid membranes. Two lumenal proteins are transported in the absence of ATP journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 267 pages 2688&ndash 96 pmid 1733965 issue 4 cite journal author Nakai M, Goto A, Nohara T, Sugita D, Endo T year 1994 title Identification of the SecA protein homolog in pea chloroplasts and its possible involvement in thylakoidal protein transport journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 269 pages 31338&ndash 41 pmid 7989297 issue 50 cite journal author Scott SV, Theg SM year 1996 title A new chloroplast protein import intermediate reveals distinct translocation machineries in the two envelope membranes energetics and mechanistic implications journal J. Cell. Biol. volume 132 pages 63&ndash 75 pmid 8567731 doi 10.1083 jcb.132.1.63 issue 1 2 pmc 2120703 Category EC 3.6.3 Category Enzymes of unknown structure hydrolase stub ... more details
A spindle transfer more properly spindle chromosomal complex transfer is a Genetics genetic manipulation technique where the donor s mitochondrialDNA is not transferred to the receiving egg. It may be used to treat mitochondrial disease s. History In an article published in Nature journal Nature online on 26 August 2009, a team in Oregon headed by Dr. Tachibana made the report of the transfer of maternal DNA without any mitochondrialDNA included in a laboratory monkey. ref cite journal doi 10.1038 nature08368 last Masahito Tachibana first1 M coauthors Michelle Sparman, Hathaitip Sritanaudomchai, Hong Ma, Lisa Clepper, Joy Woodward, Ying Li, Cathy Ramsey, Olena Kolotushkina & Shoukhrat Mitalipov date 17 September 2009 journal Nature journal Nature volume 461 issue 7262 pages 367 372 title Mitochondrial gene replacement in primate offspring and embryonic stem cells url http www.nature.com nature journal v461 n7262 full nature08368.html pmid 19710649 pmc 2774772 ref This has the implication that any genetic problems which may be transferred from mother to offspring through mitochondrialDNA can be avoided. ref http www.medicalnewstoday.com articles 162266.php ref Teams from the Oregon ... credited in the study. Procedure The technique involves taking nuclear DNA from an egg cell and transferring that DNA into another egg cell, leaving the defective mitochondrialDNA behind. The cell is then implanted using in vitro fertilization techniques. The final mitochondrialDNA, however, is from the receiving egg cell, causing the original donor s mitochondrialDNA to not be passed on to the eventual offspring. Genetic analysis may then be utilized to confirm that the mother s mitochondrialDNA is not part of the final DNA makeup. Macaca mulatta monkey s were used in recent experiments ... due to a mitchondral DNA aberration would be able to, using this technique, have children without the mitochondrial issues. This type of human genetic engineering is already being used on a small ... more details
MitochondrialDNADNA barcoding is based on a relatively simple concept. Most eukaryote cells contain mitochondria , and mitochondrialDNA mtDNA has a relatively fast mutation rate, which results in significant ... galloprovincialis mitochondrialDNA journal Mol. Biol. Evol. volume 18 issue 7 pages 1168 75 date ... introgression of mountain hare Lepus timidus mitochondrialDNA into three other hare species ... confound interpretation of mitochondrialDNA variability journal Biol. J. Linnaean Soc. volume 58 ... group of plant DNA barcode researchers proposed two chloroplast genes, rbcL and matK , taken ... of mitochondrialDNA for barcoding identification journal J. Hered. volume 97 issue ... NK, Cicero C title New mitochondrialDNA data affirm the importance of Pleistocene speciation ... Utility of mitochondrialDNA barcodes in species conservation journal Conserv. Biol. volume 20 ...DNA barcoding is a Taxonomy taxonomic method that uses a short genetic marker in an organism s DNA to identify ... and DNA barcoding resolves the taxonomy of Western Malagasy Liotrigona Moure, 1961. African Invertebrates ... of DNA barcoding for these purposes is subject to debate. ref name seberg2009 Cite journal journal PLoS ONE year 2009 volume 4 issue 2 pages e4598 title How Many Loci Does it Take to DNA Barcode ... contents or faeces, ref Cite journal title Analysing diet of small herbivores the efficiency of DNA ... Kress Choice of locus A desirable locus for DNA barcoding should be standardized so that large databases ... DL year 2008 journal PNAS title DNA barcodes Genes, genomics, and bioinformatics volume 105 ... pnas.0709936105 pmc 2268561 title DNA barcoding the floras of biodiversity hotspots author Renaud Lahaye ..., a common set of choices are For animals and many other eukaryotes, the mitochondrial CO1 gene For land plants , the concatenation of the rbcL and matK chloroplast genes ref name janzen2009 Cite journal title A DNA barcode for land plants author CBOL Plant Working Group journal PNAS date August 4 ... more details
protein Name mitochondrially encoded tRNA valine caption image width HGNCid 7500 Symbol MT TV AltSymbols MTTV EntrezGene 4577 OMIM RefSeq NC 001807 UniProt PDB ECnumber Chromosome MT Arm Band LocusSupplementaryData Mitochondrially encoded tRNA valine also known as MT TV is a transfer RNA which in humans is encoded by the mitochondrion mitochondrial MT TV gene . ref name pmid7219534 cite journal author Anderson S, Bankier AT, Barrell BG, de Bruijn MH, Coulson AR, Drouin J, Eperon IC, Nierlich DP, Roe BA, Sanger F, Schreier PH, Smith AJ, Staden R, Young IG title Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome journal Nature volume 290 issue 5806 pages 457 65 year 1981 month April pmid 7219534 doi 10.1038 290457a0 url ref MT TV is a small 69 nucleotide RNA human mitochondrial map position 1602 1670 that transfers the amino acid valine to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal ribosome site of protein synthesis during translation genetics translation . References Reflist External links http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov books NBK1173 GeneReviews NCBI NIH UW entry on Mitochondrial DNA Associated Leigh Syndrome and NARP Mitochondrial enzymes genetics stub ... more details
, the DNA complexed as chromatin , and the nucleolus . Within the cell nucleus is a viscous liquid ... thumb 200px A mouse fibroblast nucleus in which DNA is stained blue. The distinct chromosome territories ... The main function of the cell nucleus is to control gene expression and mediate the replication of DNA ...Pp move indef Image HeLa Hoechst 33258.jpg thumb 350px right HeLa cells stained for the cell nucleusDNA with the Blue Hoechst stain Hoechst dye. The central and rightmost cell are in interphase , thus their entire nuclei are labeled. On the left, a cell is going through mitosis and its DNA has condensed ... subcellular components. Organelle s 1 nucleolus 2 nucleus 3 ribosome 4 vesicle biology vesicle ... 10 vacuole 11 cytoplasm 12 lysosome 13 centriole s In cell biology , the nucleus pl. nuclei from Latin lang la nucleus or lang la nuculeus , meaning kernel is a membrane enclosed organelle found ... , organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of protein s, such as histone ... genome . The function of the nucleus is to maintain the integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression the nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell. The main structures making up the nucleus are the nuclear envelope , a double ... , and the nucleoskeleton which includes nuclear lamina , a meshwork within the nucleus that adds mechanical ... maintenance. The interior of the nucleus does not contain any membrane bound subcompartments ... published by Walther Flemming in 1882. The nucleus contains Polytene chromosome s. The nucleus was the first ... microscopist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 1632 1723 . He observed a Lumen , the nucleus, in the red .... ref Unlike mammalian red blood cells, those of other vertebrates still possess nuclei. The nucleus ... area, which he called the areola or nucleus, in the cells of the flower s outer layer. ref name ... He did not suggest a potential function. In 1838, Matthias Schleiden proposed that the nucleus plays ... more details
Infobox OS name Nucleus OS logo screenshot caption developer Mentor Graphics source model Closed source ... software nucleusNucleus OS Nucleus OS is a real time operating system RTOS and toolset created ... unit CPU platforms. Nucleus OS is an embedded software solution and is in an estimated 2.11 billion devices worldwide. ref http www.microcontroller.com news Mentor Nucleus RTOS Over 2 Billion.asp Mentor Nucleus RTOS in over 2.11 Billion Devices ref Development is typically done on a host computer running ... using the actual target boards or in simulation environment. The Nucleus RTOS is designed for embedded ... portable and handheld devices. For limited memory systems Nucleus RTOS can be scaled down to a memory ... HFP , Bluetooth profile Headset Profile .28HSP.29 HSP , etc. Multimedia transfer Media Transfer Protocol ... protocols Products using Nucleus OS Refimprove date November 2007 Mentor Graphics boasts Nucleus installment ... nucleus rtos ref as of mid February, 2010 and 2.11 billion devices as of June 2010. According to a report ref http www.visionmobile.com blog 2011 04 100 million club 2h10 ref by an analyst firm, Nucleus has been shipped in over 2.84 billion devices as of the end of 2010. Example devices using Nucleus products are as follows Nucleus RTOS used by Honeywell for Critical Terrain Awareness Technology in the Aviation Industry. IVL Technologies On Key Karaoke Handheld Player Sings along with the Nucleus PLUS Kernel. ref http www.ivl.com IVL Technologies ref Logitech uses Nucleus OS in its Pocket Video Portable Digital Video Cameras. Nucleus RTOS used by SK Telecom s first commercialization of CDMA technology in Korea. Nucleus RTOS used in Mediatek Dual SIM Dual processor based chipsets found on most Chinese phones. Nucleus used in NEC High Definition Mobile phone Mobile Handset ASC s RBOX Multi Service Aggregator Family uses Nucleus PLUS. ref http www.nsgdata.com asc index.html ASC ref The TI Nspire handheld calculators use Nucleus as the basis of their operating system ref http www.ticalc.org ... more details
The nucleus fastigius is located in the cerebellum . It is made up of the nucleus dentatus , nucleus emboliformis , nucleus globosus , and nucleus fastigii , and is grey matter embedded in the white matter of the cerebellum. References http www.online medical dictionary.org Nucleus Fastigius.asp?q Nucleus Fastigius Online Medical Dictionary entry Category Cerebellum neuroscience stub de Nucleus fastigii ... more details
. Similar DNA packaging exists also in chloroplast s and mitochondria . Bacterial DNA is sometimes ... in the cell nucleus with the help of histones. In this case, the basic level of DNA compaction ...DNA condensation refers to the process of compacting DNA molecules in vitro or in vivo . ref name Teif cite journal author Teif V.B. and Bohinc K. year 2011 title Condensed DNA condensing the concepts ... issue 3 pages 208 222 pmid 20638406 ref Mechanistic details of DNA packing are essential for its functioning in the process of gene regulation in living systems. Condensed DNA often has surprising properties, which one would not predict from classical concepts of dilute solutions. Therefore DNA condensation ... DNA condensation volume 6 journal Current Opinion in Structural Biology doi 10.1016 S0959 440X 96 80052 2 issue 3 pmid 8804837 ref In addition, DNA condensation has many potential applications in medicine and biotechnology . ref name Teif DNA diameter is about 2 nm, while the length of a stretched ... features of the DNA double helix contribute to its large stiffness, including the mechanical properties of the sugar phosphate backbone, electrostatic repulsion between phosphate s DNA bears on average ... the bases of each individual strand, and strand strand interactions. DNA is one of the stiffest ... DNA can be considered as a flexible rope, and on a short scale as a stiff rod. Like a garden hose, unpacked DNA would randomly occupy a much larger volume than when it is orderly packed. Mathematically ... as a square root of the polymer length. For real polymers such as DNA this gives only very rough estimate what is important, is that the space available for the DNA in vivo is much smaller than the space ... constraints, DNA has a striking property to pack itself in the appropriate solution conditions with the help of ions and other molecules. Usually, DNA condensation is defined as the collapse of extended DNA chains into compact, orderly particles containing only one or a few molecules . ref ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Extrachromosomal DNA sometimes called extranuclear DNA or nonchromosomal DNA is DNA located or maintained in a cell biology cell apart from the chromosomes . In many cases, extrachromosomal DNA is contained in cytoplasmic organelles , such as mitochondria most eukaryotes , and in chloroplast s and plastid s plants . Extrachromosomal DNA can also be found in the plasmids of bacteria , or in intracellular parasitism parasites such as virus es. Certain types of cells such as cancer cells and cells maintained in cell culture artificial culture are known to acquire extrachromosomal DNA which provides them a selective advantage for growth under specific conditions. One example being the extrachromosomal double minute s which have been shown to contain oncogenes and provide growth enhancement in certain cancers. Extrachromosomal DNA sometimes contains addiction module s, a system that mediates cell death . DEFAULTSORT Extrachromosomal Dna Category DNA ur ... more details
Cytoplasmic transfer is an assisted reproductive technology ART , fertility technique whereby cytoplasm from a donor egg is injected into an egg with compromised Mitochondrion mitochondria . The resulting egg is then Fertilisation fertilized with sperm and Implant medicine implanted in a Uterus womb , usually that of the woman who provided the recipient egg and nuclear DNA . Candidates Cytoplasmic transfer was created to aid women who experience infertility due to deficient or damaged mitochondria ... or women who wish to genetically contribute to any resulting embryo, given cytoplasmic transfer does not interfere with the primary nuclear DNA input from the recipient egg. Risks Though cytoplasmic transfer does not involve the transfer of nuclear DNA, there may still be a small amount of mitochondrialDNA present from the donor. Children conceived through this process occasionally test positive ... modification manipulation that affects future generations of humans. Because of the chance for mitochondrialDNAtransfer, the embryo may also be exposed to numerous diseases connected with mitochondrialDNA such as diabetes , Lou Gehrig s disease , and pervasive developmental disorders . There is much concern associated with the potential transfer of mitochondrialDNA and its unknown interaction with the foreign DNA of the recipient egg. There is also no data as to the health of maturing children conceived through cytoplasmic transfer, the first successful birth having occurred in 1997 at Saint ... authority over cytoplasmic transfer, in effect banning the procedure in the U.S. until lengthy ... research costs needed to fulfill FDA regulations has resulted in movement of cytoplasmic transfer ... Pregnancy after cytoplasmic transfer in a couple suffering from idiopathic infertility , Human Reproduction ... http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 11476356 Cytoplasmic transfer in assisted reproduction references Assisted reproductive technology DEFAULTSORT Cytoplasmic Transfer Category Fertility medicine Category ... more details
Refimprove date January 2009 Circular DNA is a form of DNA that is found in viruses , bacteria and archaea as well as in eukaryote eukaryotic cells in the form of either mitochondrialDNA or plastid DNA. While the individual strands of a linear double helix represent two distinct and separable molecules, this need not be true for circular DNA . If the strands twist an odd number of times around one another in completing the DNA loop, then they are covalent bond covalently joined into a single molecule. Citation needed date November 2010 See also Plasmid Supercoil Yeast artificial chromosome Bacterial artificial chromosome M bius strip Fruit genetics stub Microbiology stub Category DNA DEFAULTSORT Circular Dna fr ADN circulaire pt DNA circular ... more details
Dorsomedial nucleus can refer to Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus Medial dorsal nucleus of the thalamus disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Infobox Brain Name Globose nucleus Latin nucleus globosus GraySubject 187 GrayPage 796 Image Gray707.png Caption Sagittal section through right cerebellar hemisphere. The right olive has also been cut sagitally. Emboliform nucleus not labeled, but region is visible. Image2 Caption2 IsPartOf Components Artery Vein BrainInfoType hier BrainInfoNumber 686 MeshName MeshNumber NeuroLex Globose nucleus NeuroLexID birnlex 1159 DorlandsPre n 11 DorlandsSuf 12581303 The globose nucleus is one of the deep cerebellar nuclei. It is located medial to the emboliform nucleus and lateral to the fastigial nucleus . This nucleus contains primarily large and small multipolar neurons. The globose nucleus and emboliform nucleus are occasionally referred to collectively as the interposed nucleus . External links http www.mona.uwi.edu fpas courses physiology neurophysiology Cerebellum.htm http www.lib.mcg.edu edu eshuphysio program section8 8ch6 s8ch6 30.htm http www.neuinfo.org nif nifgwt.html?query 22Globose 20Nucleus 22 NIF Search Globose Nucleus via the Neuroscience Information Framework Gray s Cerebellum Category Cerebellum Category Neuroanatomy anatomy stub de Nucleus globosus ... more details
There are two structures or rather two pairs of structures in the brain that could be called geniculate nucleus lateral geniculate nucleus Visual perception vision medial geniculate nucleus Hearing sense hearing They should not be confused with the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve . disambig ... more details
Infobox Brain Name Sublingual nucleus Latin nucleus sublingualis GraySubject 187 GrayPage 784 Image Caption Image2 Caption2 IsPartOf Components Artery Vein Acronym BrainInfoType hier BrainInfoNumber 760 MeshName MeshNumber NeuroLex Sublingual nucleus NeuroLexID birnlex 2657 DorlandsPre n 11 DorlandsSuf 12583517 In the substance of the formatio reticularis are two small nuclei of gray matter . The one near the dorsal aspect of the hilum anatomy hilus of the inferior olivary nucleus is called the Sublingual nucleus inferior central nucleus , nucleus of Roller . External links http www.neuinfo.org nif nifgwt.html?query 22Sublingual 20Nucleus 22 NIF Search Sublingual Nucleus via the Neuroscience Information Framework Gray s Category Nervous system neuroscience stub pl J dro podj zykowe ... more details
Anterior nucleus can refer to Anterior hypothalamic nucleus Anterior nuclei of thalamus disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Lateral nucleus can refer to Lateral hypothalamus Lateral vestibular nucleus disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Intercalated nucleusnucleus intercalatus called also Staderini nucleus is a group of nerve cells in the medulla oblongata , between the dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve lateral to the intercalated nucleus and the Hypoglossal nucleusnucleus of the hypoglossal nerve medial to intercalated nucleus , forming part of the perihypoglossal nuclear complex . Function. Probably involved in the control of the vestibuloocular reflex and may contribute to the vertical neural integrator. Described for the first time in 1894 by Rutilio Staderini 1861 1942 , Italian neuroanatomist References John Alan Kiernan, Murray Llewellyn Barr. Barr s The Human Nervous System An Anatomical Viewpoint. 2008 category Neuroanatomy ro Nucleu intercalat ... more details
Infobox Brain Name Interposed nucleus Latin nucleus interpositus anterior, nucleus interpositus posterior GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Image2 Caption2 IsPartOf Components Artery Vein Acronym BrainInfoType BrainInfoNumber MeshName MeshNumber NeuroLex Interpositus Nucleus NeuroLexID nlx anat 20081242 Dorlands DorlandsID The interposed nucleus is a deep nucleus of the cerebellum and is composed of the globose nuclei and the emboliform nuclei . It is located in the roof dorsal aspect of the fourth ventricle, lateral to the fastigial nucleus . It receives its afferent supply from the anterior lobe of the cerebellum and sends output via the superior cerebellar peduncle to the red nucleus . The interposed nucleus is smaller than the dentate but larger than the fastigial nucleus. Function Functionally, it modulates muscle stretch reflexes of distal muscle groups. External links http www.lib.mcg.edu edu eshuphysio program section8 8ch6 s8ch6 30.htm http www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu cere text P5 interp.htm Cerebellum Neural tracts Category Cerebellum neuroanatomy stub ... more details
Infobox Brain Name Parabrachial nucleus Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Image2 Caption2 IsPartOf Components Artery Vein BrainInfoType ancil BrainInfoNumber 2137625543 MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf The parabrachial nucleus PBN is a region in the pons that is related to the ascending reticular activating system ARAS . It can be subdivided into the lateral parabrachial nucleus and the medial parabrachial nucleus . The PBN connects the reticular formation to the thalamus thalamic relay nuclei as well as the intralaminar nuclei of thalamus intralaminar and related nuclei. Function In rodents, the PBN is the second relay nucleus in gustatory taste processing. Fibers from the nucleus of solitary tract connect to gustatory centers in the PBN, which sends projects along two pathways for taste processing. The first connects the PBN to the ventroposterior medial nucleus of the thalamus and the other connects the PBN to the central nucleus of the amygdala and lateral hypothalamus . Lesions of the PBN disrupt conditioned taste aversion . A lesion to this pathway can lead to decreased consciousness . External links BrainMaps parabrachial 20nucleus Pons Gustatory system neuroanatomy stub Category Neuroanatomy hu Nucleus parabrachialis ... more details
Preoptic nucleus can refer to Ventrolateral preoptic nucleus Anterodorsal preoptic nucleus Preoptic area disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Italic title Taxobox name Conus nucleus image Conus nucleus 1.jpg image caption Apertural and abapertural views of gastropod shell shell of Conus nucleus Reeve, L.A., 1848 regnum Animal ia phylum Mollusca classis Gastropoda unranked superfamilia clade Caenogastropoda br clade Hypsogastropoda br clade Neogastropoda superfamilia Conoidea familia Conidae subfamilia Coninae genus Conus species C. nucleus binomial Conus nucleus binomial authority Reeve, 1848 synonyms ref synonyms Conus nucleus is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family biology family Conidae , the Conus cone snails and their allies. ref name WoRMS WRMS species 215555 Conus nucleus Reeve, 1848 27 March 2010 ref Like all species within the genus Conus , these snails are predatory and venomous . They are capable of stinging humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. Description Empty section date March 2010 Distribution Empty section date March 2010 References reflist External links http biology.burke.washington.edu conus catalogue index.php The Conus Biodiversity website http www.coneshells am.ru Cone Shells Knights of the Sea Use dmy dates date January 2011 DEFAULTSORT Conus Nucleus Category Conus nucleus Category Animals described in 1848 conus stub nl Conus nucleus pt Conus nucleus vi Conus nucleus ... more details
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