Translatioimperii , Latin language Latin for transfer of rule , is a concept invented in the Middle Ages for describing history as a linear succession of transfers of imperium , that is of supreme power concentrated with a series of single rulers emperor s . Origin The idea originates Citation needed date April 2011 in Apocalyptic literature Jewish eschatology during the Hellenistic era , with the four empires in the dream of Nebuchadnezzar as narrated in the Book of Daniel , Daniel 2 chapter 2 . In the story, Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzar s dream for him to the effect that his own empire of gold would be followed by three further empires, of silver, bronze and iron, respectively, followed by a divided empire partially of iron and partially of clay , leading up to the end times . In the interpretation of Jerome , the four empires were Babylonia , Achaemenid Empire Persia , Macedonian Empire Greece and Roman Empire Rome , with the division of the Roman empire into West Rome and East Rome the final stage preceding the end of the world. Citation needed date April 2011 During the Western ... 17566 0 &ndash translatioimperii is discussed in Part II, Chapter VI, section on Time, eternity and history . ref describes the translatioimperii concept as typical for the Middle Ages for several reasons the idea of linearity of time and history was typical for the Middle Ages the translatioimperii ... to medieval Europeans the translatioimperii idea didn t separate divine history from the history .... Not surprisingly, each medieval author described the translatioimperii as a succession leaving ... old Translatioimperii bg Translatioimperii cs Translatioimperii da Translatioimperii de Translatioimperii es Translatioimperii fr Translatioimperii it Translatioimperii la Translatioimperii nl Translatioimperii pt Translatioimperii ru Translatioimperii sv Translatioimperii ... Donation of Constantine Dei Gratia Translatio studii lang la transfer of learning the geographic ... more details
elite. ref Gertz, Sunhee Kim. Translatio studii et imperii Sir Gawain as literary critic ... of the Space Between. Stanford Stanford UP, 1996. Google Books. ref See also translatioimperii ..., Sunhee Kim. Translatio studii et imperii Sir Gawain as literary critic. Semiotica, Volume 63, Issue ...Refimprove date December 2009 Overview Translatio studii means, literally, the transfer of knowledge ... Murray has suggested that the origin of the topos of translatio, as articulated during the Middle ... of translatio studii went out of fashion in the 18th century, but such English Renaissance ... metaphor is the translatio stultitiae. As learning moves west, as the earth turns and light falls ever westward, so night follows and claims the places learning has departed from. The metaphor of the translatio ..., Then take at once the Poet, and the Song. ibid. 7 8 . Etymology While the term translatio studii literally ..., there is a lot more to translatio studii than the simple movement of common concepts from the Mediterranean ... Christ. ref Stierle, Karlheinz. Translatio Studii and Renaissance From Vertical to Horizontal Translation ... example of this is the term translatio itself. In Ancient times translatio in Latin meant both translation and transfer . As time went on, translatio was designated to only mean transmission ..., it is clear that historically the significance of translatio studii concerns the transfer of ideas that hold cultural value. TranslatioImperiiTranslatioimperii often served as a precedent or coordinate to translatio studii. A transferal of rule assisted a transferal of culture, and vice versa ..., translatio studii provides an overview of intellectual heritage. Although it may be considered from various angles e.g., history, linguistics, and literature the concept of translatio studii ... all are common intertextual activities of the translatio studii. ref Carron, Jean Claude. Imitation .... ref Translatio studii is based on the assumption that human learning and the potential for human learning ... more details
File Via Imperii und Via Regia.png thumb 320px Via Imperii and Via Regia refimprove date September 2011 Via Imperii , i.e. Imperial Road , was one of the most important Reichsstra e Middle Ages Reichsstra e n of the Holy Roman Empire . The old trade route ran in a south north direction from Venice on the Adriatic Sea and Verona in the Kingdom of Italy medieval Kingdom of Italy across the Brenner Pass through Kingdom of Germany Germany to the Baltic Sea Baltic coast passing the following cities Innsbruck in the County of Tyrol Augsburg in the Prince Bishopric of Augsburg the Free imperial city Imperial city of Nuremberg Bayreuth , Bad Berneck im Fichtelgebirge Berneck , M nchberg and Hof, Bavaria Hof in the Principality of Bayreuth Plauen , Mylau and Reichenbach im Vogtland Reichenbach in the Vogtland region Zwickau , Altenburg , Regis Breitingen Regis , Borna , Markkleeberg and Leipzig Connewitz in the Margraviate of Meissen Leipzig intersection with east west Via Regia Wittenberg in Saxe Wittenberg C lln Berlin , capital of Margraviate of Brandenburg Brandenburg Bernau bei Berlin Szczecin Stettin in the Duchy of Pomerania The cities on the route held the privilege of staple right , merchants were obliged to use the toll road and in turn enjoyed protection by the Imperial authority under the terms of the Landfrieden . Parts of the historic route are today marked by the Italian State highway Italy Strada Statale No. 12, the Austrian Landesstra e n B 182 and B 177 and the German Bundesstra e 2 . References Reflist Christoph K hn Die Via Imperii als Pilgerstra e. in Unterwegs im Zeichen der Muschel. Rundbrief der Fr nkischen St. Jakobus Gesellschaft W rzburg, Nr. 52, Januar 2005, p. 13 14 Category Ancient roads and tracks de Via Imperii la Via imperii ... more details
Italic title Consortium imperii is a Latin term dating from the Roman Dominate , denoting the sharing of imperium imperial authority between two or more emperors, each hence designated as consors imperii , i.e. partner in exercising imperium , either as formal equals or in subordination the junior is then often the senior s designated heir not necessarily the natural one and successor. The purpose can be either to share the burden of government and or to ensure smooth succession, as rivalry at these moments was a major threat to the stability of the Empire, but the net result was often more civil war. Although in political reality adoption was an alternative technique to aim for the same result in terms of succession succeeding to produce one genealogically false but politically satisfactory dynasty of so called Adoptive Emperors , constitutionally, this was a horror as the republic had never been abandoned in law, so monarchical succession in the Principate , however realistic, was officially out of the question, regardless of the trappings during the Dominate designation could at least be justified by qualitative criteria. Roman consortia imperii An early case of one emperor, remaining sole sovereign in charge but designating one junior and successor, was Marcus Aurelius reigned 161 180 AD , who designated Lucius Verus but on his death his son Commodus , whom he wanted to pass by, managed to seize the throne. Emperor Diocletian attempted an elaborate system with four emperors two seniors styled Augustus , each with a junior styled Caesar title Caesar , called the Tetrarchy . Revolutionary was the notion that each was to be simultaneously in permanent charge of one quarter of the empire, not just sharing in central government. The experiment did not live up to its promise, as succession was not smoothened but contention multiplied, so the quadruple emperorship was abandoned not the quarters, which remained as administrative and military divisions called praetorian prefecture ... more details
italic title The Partitio terrarum imperii Romaniae Latin for partition of the lands of the Roman Byzantine Empire was a treaty signed after the Siege of Constantinople 1204 sack of the Byzantine capital, Constantinople , by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. It established the Latin Empire and arranged the partition of the Byzantine territory among the participants of the Crusade, with the Republic of Venice being the greatest beneficiary. The treaty, which was promulgated either in late September early October 1204 or according to Nikolaos Oikonomides immediately after the sack in April May 1204, was drafted by a 24 man committee consisting of 12 Venetians and 12 representatives of the other Crusader leaders. It gave the Latin Emperor direct control of one fourth of the Byzantine territory, to Venice three eighths including three eighths of the city of Constantinople, with Hagia Sophia and the remaining three eighths were apportioned among the remaining Crusader chiefs. Through this division, Venice became the chief power in Latin Romania, and the effective power behind the Latin Empire, a fact clearly illustrated by the lofty title its Doge of Venice Doge acquired Dominator quartae et dimidiae partis totius Romanius Lord of a quarter and a half quarter of all the Roman Empire . The Partitio Romaniae initiated the period of Greek history known as Frankokratia or Latinokratia , where Catholic West European nobles, mostly from France and Italy, established states on former Byzantine territory and ruled over the mostly Orthodox native Byzantine Greeks . As the division was based on documents and tax registers from the Byzantine imperial chancery, the Partitio Romaniae is a valuable document for the possessions Episkepsis episkepseis of the various Byzantine magnate families ca. 1203 ... Empire Category Partition politics es Partitio terrarum imperii Romaniae pl Partitio terrarum imperii Romaniae ro Partitio terrarum imperii Romaniae ... more details
2001 05 08 The Language of the Third Reich LTI Lingua Tertii Imperii A Philologist s Notebook http mysite.verizon.net vze11rxkx Victor Klemperer s LTI Lingua Tertii Imperii Category Nazi terminology ... Books about propaganda de LTI Notizbuch eines Philologen es LTI Lingua Tertii Imperii fr Lingua Tertii Imperii la LTI Notizbuch eines Philologen nl LTI Notizbuch eines Philologen pl LTI notatnik ... more details
Wiktionary Persian Empire Persian Empire may refer to Achaemenid Empire 558 330 BC , also called First Persian Empire Parthian Empire 247 BC 224 AD , adopted both Hellenistic and Iranian customs Sassanid Empire 224 651 AD , also called Neo Persian Empire and Second Persian Empire history of Iran Historic Iran more generally See also List of Iranian states and empires Iranian monarchy disambiguation Persia disambiguation Persian disambiguation Translatio imperii disambig hr Perzijsko Carstvo is Persaveldi a greining tr Pers mparatorlu u ... more details
File Portugal Imp rio total.png thumb right 400px The Portuguese Empire and its interests. The Fifth Empire Portuguese language Portuguese Quinto Imp rio is a concept of a global Portuguese empire with spiritual and temporal power, set to take its place in a new era and based in the prophecy of the second chapter of the Daniel 2 Book of Daniel and on the Book of Revelation , whose origins lay with Antonio Vieira . However, the concept became widespread after the publication of the poem Fernando Pessoa Message A Mensagem , by Fernando Pessoa . The Concept The Fifth Empire is not a mere territorial empire. It is a spiritual and linguistic body which spreads throughout the entire world. It represents the ultimate form of fusion between material science, reason, intellectual speculation and spiritual knowledge the occult, mystical speculation, cabalism . It is the pinnacle of all the work undertaken by the previous empires according to old principle of the translatio imperii , which are the following under Pessoa s point of view First Empire Ancient Greece , all knowledge and experience extracted from the ancient empires Second Empire Roman Empire , expansion of the First Empire s culture and knowledge Third Empire Christianity , fusion between the First and the Second Empires, with the absorption of several eastern elements such as Judaism the Christian Moral Fourth Empire Europe , spreading throughout the entire world the outcome of the previous empires and the Anglo Saxon hegemony, its culture and the English speaking world as a result of the British Empire the English individualism . ref http arquivopessoa.net textos 3415 Fernando Pessoa A interpreta o inicial dos cinco imp rios Bandarra , Arquivo Pessoa in Portuguese ref The Fifth Empire, led by the hidden one O Encoberto in the poem, an allusion to Sebastianism , will unite the entire world spiritually and culturally, led by the Portuguese Nation. Origins The Fifth Empire is a belief Messianism messianic , Millen ... more details
Begehardorum et Beguinarum about the errors of Beghards and Beguines De translatione imperii 1355 on the translatioimperii , i.e. succession of empires the large work Oeconomica , written between 1353 ... more details
S.A., 2000. Noonan, Thomas S. The Khazar Qaghanate and its Impact on the Early Rus State The translatioimperii from Itil to Kiev. Nomads in the Sedentary World , eds. Anatoly Khazanov and Andr ... more details
for the Imperial Sword of Japan Kusanagi File Reichsschwert stich mit zeremonienschwert.JPG thumb upright The Imperial Sword shown from both sides and the Ceremonial Sword center in a coloured etching by Johann Adam Delsenbach 1751, after a 1791 reprint File Erste detaillierte Darstellung des reichsschwertes.jpg thumb upright First detailed depiction of the Imperial Sword, alongside the Ceremonial Sword 17th century etching The Imperial Sword lang de Reichsschwert , is one of four Imperial Regalia lang de Reichskleinodien of the Holy Roman Empire . During the coronation, it was given to the emperor along with the sceptre Zepter and the Imperial Orb Reichsapfel . Currently, the sword and the rest of the Imperial Regalia are kept at the Schatzkammer Vienna Schatzkammer Treasury in the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, Austria. The sword has a length of 110 cm blade length 95,3 cm . It is in origin a sword of the high medieval period, but was refitted and decorated several times during the late medieval and early modern periods e.g. the silver wire wrappping the hilt . The cross guard on one side bears the Middle Latin inscription lang la CHRISTVS VINCIT CHRISTVS REIGNAT CHRISTVS INPERAT Christ conquers, Christ reigns, Christ commands and on the reverse side the shorter variant lang la CHRISTVS VINCIT CHRISTVS REINAT Schulze D rrlamm 1995 27 interprets the theological intention of this inscription as referring to Christ the Victor, Christ the King, and Christ the Emperor , i.e. an invocation of Christ as legitimation for secular power, and the translatio imperii to the Holy Roman Empire . The pommel is of the mushroom or tea cosy ref Ewart Oakeshott , The Sword in the Age of Chivalry 1964 , http books.google.ch books?id TYcBwoeWwp0C&pg PA81 p. 81 . references the tea cosy terminology ref shape typical of the high medieval period. It is engraved with the arms of Otto IV r. 1209 1215 . The lower edge of the pommel is inscribed with lang la BENEDICTVS DO minv S DE v S QVI DOCET M ... more details
unreferenced date April 2012 File Albrecht Altdorfer 044.jpg thumb Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor Emperor Maximilian with the Flags of the Holy Roman Empire Imperial Banner Albrecht Altdorfer , ca. 1515 File Kaiser Heinrich VI. im Codex Manesse.jpg thumb Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor Emperor Henry VI , Hadlaub, Codex Manesse , about 1300 History of Germany The Reichsadler Reich Imperial Eagle was the Eagle heraldry heraldic eagle , derived from the Aquila Roman Roman eagle standard , used by the Holy Roman Emperors and in modern Coat of arms of Germany coats of arms of Germany , including those of the German Empire , the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany . The same design has remained in use by the Germany Federal Republic of Germany since 1945, but under a different name, now called Bundesadler Federal Eagle rather than Imperial Eagle . The Reichsadler can be traced back to the banner of the Holy Roman Empire , when the eagle was the insignia of the Imperial power as distinguished from the Imperial state s. It was meant to embody the reference to the Roman Empire Roman tradition translatio imperii , similar to the double headed eagle used by the Palaiologos Palaiologi emperors of the Byzantine Empire or the tsars of National emblems of the Russian Empire Russia . The eagle began to appear in the 9th century on the banner of Charlemagne and his successors. A double headed eagle was attributed to Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II of Hohenstaufen in the Chronica Majora by Matthew Paris about 1250, it also appeared on the seal of the Free imperial city Imperial city of D sseldorf Kaiserswerth Kaiserswerth in the 13th century. The Reichsadler was widely used by Imperial cities such as Free City of L beck L beck , Besan on or Cheb to underline their Imperial immediacy immediacy . The Teutonic Order under Hermann von Salza had the privilege to display the Imperial eagle in their coat of arms, granted by Emperor Frederick II. The black eagle was later adopted w ... more details
The concept of a national god is most closely associated with the God of Israel YHWH who in the Torah is described as the monolatrism sole God to be worshipped by the Israelites nation of Israel . This understanding is expressed, for example, by the prophet Michah 4 5 , who states All the wikt nations may walk in the name of their gods elohim we will walk in the name of the small caps Lord YHWH our God Elohim for ever and ever . NIV This understanding of divinity was common in the Ancient Near East during the Late Bronze Age . Deities were geographically localized by association to their main cult center, ultimately as tutelary deity tutelaries of their respective cities of the Ancient Near East city states . In Ancient Egypt Egypt , Horus came to be interpreted as the national god, identified with the currently ruling pharaoh . Horus was in competition with Amun , who became the national god of Egypt under the Theban dynasties. The first of the national gods to aspire to universal supremacy was probably Marduk , the national god of Babylon , with the rise of Babylonia from the time of Hammurabi . Marduk s claim was later imitated by Ashur god A ur , the national god eponymous of the Assur Assyrian capital , from the 10th century BC. During the Iron Age , the notion of national gods began to give way to emerging monotheism , by the process of individual national gods beginning to claim universal validity. Smith 2008 interprets this process in terms of a loss of translatability between deities, reflecting the essentially monopolar political landscape in the Near East during the Iron Age, the Neo Assyrian Empire Assyrian Empire linearly succeeded by the Medo Persian Empire and later the Seleucid Empire , a process that also gave rise to the concept of translatio imperii . In this interpretation, the development of a one god worldview in 7th century BC Judah was a response to the claims to hegemony of the Mesopotamian Assyrian one god ideology of the time. ref Mark ... more details
Cooperator may refer to cooperators of Opus Dei a cooperative member Cooperation Contingent cooperator see also Collaboration Frater et Cooperator Imperii Brother and Partner of the Empire title given to Boleslaus I of Poland wiktionary cooperate Operator disambiguation See also The Co operators , a Canadian insurance co operative Disambig ... more details
Translatioimperii . In order to do this, he established his military capability to impose his ... Theocracy Translatioimperii Dictatus papae References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Universal Power Category ... more details
Otto I in Rome on February 2, 962 as a translatioimperii from the Frankish Empire. From the early ... the German In the course of the 817 Ordinatio Imperii , Louis the German had already received the territory ... more details
Consors Latin consors , partner can refer to Cortal Consors , a European broker in personal investing and online trading Catocala consors , a moth of the Noctuidae family Caseolus consors , a land snail Laosaurus consors , a species of Othnielosaurus dinosaur Abrictosaurus consors , a species of Abrictosaurus dinosaur Crotalophorus consors , a synonym for the venomous pit viper species Sistrurus catenatus Consors imperii , an ancient Roman partner in an emperorship Valsaria consors , an alternate name for the plant canker Valsaria insitiva See also Consor disambig ... more details
orphan date April 2010 Unreferenced date March 2010 Image gerl logo us.jpg thumb right US Logo of the Gerl Manufactur, Germany Image gerl logo.jpg thumb right Imprint Logo of the Gerl Manufactur, Germany Image gerl pypuple.jpg thumb right Pyramid of Purple. The original was a gift for a famous Person in 2005 Gerl is a Germany German manufacturer of wood crafts. The artist Egon Gerl is known by celebrities and politicians as a specialist for unique and extraordinary designs. Gerl Manufactur was established in 1992 as a private company in Landshut in Bavaria , Germany. The company is a family owned business and only produces a few crafts every year. Some of the famous crafts are displayed all the round the world including San Francisco , New York , Berlin and Moscow . All crafts assembled by Gerl have the Gerl Logo imprinted and comes with a signed certificate by the artist. Gerl is using a serial number system to ensure that the crafts are not copied and that collectors can be sure that they have an authentic Gerl craft. In 2007 Gerl created three unique notable Humidor s which are called Imperii I II and Basileu. Imperii In 2007 Gerl created the Imperii I and II Humidors which are build of an extraordinary combination of wood materials German Maple , Cedrela odorata , Swiss Pear . But the clue on those Humidors are not the material but the internal system to keep up the required 70 humidity. It features a sponge which has to be filled with water and the internal construction uses the water to maintain the humidity. The Basileu Humidor is build completely of Cedrela odorata Spanish Ceder and has the same system as the Imperii. It value is priced at 12.000. Pyramid of Blue The Pyramid of Blue is a unique designed pyramid to store jewels. The Original was a gift for a famous Person in 2005. Gerl produced another Pyramid which is called Pyramid of Purple . External links http www.basileusilicon.com Official Gerl Dealer in the United States Category Companies of Germany ... more details
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