italictitle Taxobox image Bucephalus EncBrit1911.png image caption Cercaria larva of Bucephalus polymorphus from Encyclopaedia Britannica, Eleventh Edition regnum Animal ia phylum Platyhelminthes classis Trematoda subclassis Digenea ordo Strigeidida superfamilia Bucephaloidea familia Bucephalidae genus Bucephalus genus authority von Baer, 1827 subdivision ranks Species ref name erms cite web title Bucephalus von Baer, 1827 url http marbef.org data aphia.php?p taxdetails&id 108668 publisher ERMS accessdate 19 February 2011 ref subdivision Bucephalus anguillae Spakulova, Macko, Berrilli & Dezfuli, 2002 Bucephalus baeri Maillard, 1976 Bucephalus haimeanus Lacaze Duthiers, 1854 Bucephalus labracis Paggi & Orecchia, 1965 Bucephalus marinus Vlasenko, 1931 Bucephalus mytili Cole, 1935 Bucephalus polymorphus Von Baer, 1827 Bucephalus sp. Bucephalus ox head is the genus name for many trematode flatworm s that are parasites of molluscs and fish . Like other Bucephalidae , they are found in fish both as adults and as Trematode lifecycle stages metacercariae . In marine and freshwater teleosts , they live as parasites inside the digestive tract, especially the intestine. ref name gibsonv4 cite book last Gibson first David I. title Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada year 1996 volume 4 coauthors L. Margolis, Z. Kabata publisher Canadian Government Publishing isbn 0660164035 pages 39 40 url http books.google.com books?id lt0n1ga8sr0C&pg PA39&lpg PA39&dq Bucephalus von Baer, 1827&source bl&ots FMwAUJXA0 &sig 7CqtwpbUpYF1ptepxbwKujAG4II&hl en&ei xidgTdSyJYKglAeX ZX Cw&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 4&ved 0CCoQ6AEwAw v onepage&q Bucephalus 20von 20Baer 2C 201827&f false ref File Haeckel Platodes Bucephalus.png thumb left Bucephalid cercaria larva from Ernst Haeckel s Kunstformen der Natur 1904 The tail s furcae give the impression of horns, hence the genus name Bucephalus meaning ox head. The genus Bucephalus was based on a the earliest known bucephalid, Bucephalus poly ... more details
File TrematodesFig8 EncBrit1911.png thumb Life history stages of the trematode flatworm Fasciola hepatica from 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica Trematoda Trematodes are small parasitic flatworms that use vertebrate s as their definitive Host biology host , and mollusc s as their intermediate host. In order to accomplish this, they have several varied lifecyle stages . The Biological life cycle lifecycle of a typical digenean trematode can be thought to begin when its egg is immersed in water. Following this a miracidium hatches, which swims to find a mollusc host. The miracidia go through several stages in the mollusc host, eventually emerging as motile cercaria larvae. ref name fao cite web title 2. FISH DISEASES Contd. 2.1.4 Parasitic Diseases url http www.fao.org docrep field 003 ac160e AC160E03.htm publisher FAO of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations accessdate 18 February 2011 ref The cercaria infect vertebrates either through the skin or are ingested. In its vertebrate host, the cercaria matures to an adult form, and lays eggs that are discharged with the host faeces or urine . In the presence of open water, the eggs will hatch and the miracidium stage of life is reached again. Typical lifecyle stages File Haeckel Platodes Bucephalus.png thumb left Bucephalid cercaria larva from Ernst Haeckel s Kunstformen der Natur 1904 The tail s furcae give the impression of horns, hence the genus name Bucephalus meaning ox head. While the details vary with each ..., and adults is by no means the rule for all trematode species. In some species the redia stage is omitted ... accessdate 19 February 2011 ref Representations of lifecycles of several different trematode species File Trematode lifecycle stages.png thumb 400px center Lifecycle stages of a digenean human parasite ... Lifecycle stages of trematode species that cause swimmer s itch . References reflist See also Bucephalus polymorphus Trematode infection Apicomplexa lifecycle stages External links http www.metapathogen.com ... more details
Sporocyst is a common name of a lifecycle stage in two unrelated groups of species Apicomplexa parasites see Apicomplexa lifecycle stages Trematode flatworms see Trematode lifecycle stages disambig ca Esporocist ... more details
Bucephalus may refer to Bucephalus c. 355 BC 326 BC , Alexander the Great s horse Bucephalus brand , a branding mark anciently used on horses Bucephalus trematode Bucephalus trematode , a trematode flatworm genus The Crystal Bucephalus , an original novel written by Craig Hinton SpeciesAbbreviation bucephalus See also Bucephala disambiguation Disambiguation ... more details
Wiktionary Redial may refer to Dialling again Automatic redial in telecommunication REDIAL European Network of Information and Documentation on Latin America , the European organization Of or concerning a redia , a stage in the development of a trematode disambig ... more details
Redia or redia can be A synonym for the plant genus Cleidion of the family Euphorbiaceae A Trematode lifecycle stages stage in the development of a trematode A dipstick for urinalysis , determining levels of glucose , albumin and erythrocytes An Italian zoological journal, named after Francesco Redi , started in 1903 and currently published by the Research Centre for Agrobiology and Pedology ABP of the Agricultural Research Council CRA . disambig ja ... more details
orphan date May 2011 italic title Taxobox name Alaria americana regnum Animal ia phylum Platyhelminthes classis Trematoda subcalssis Digenea ordo Strigeidida subordo familia Diplostomatidae genus Alaria Diplostomatidae Alaria or Alaria trematode species A. americana binomial Alaria americana binomial authority synonyms ref ref name Otranto 2011 synonyms Alaria canis Alaria americana is a species of a trematode in a family Diplostomatidae . Life cycle Alaria americana is a Trematode lifecycle stages three host trematode that lives as adults in the intestine of the dog definitive host. ref name Otranto 2011 Eggs are passed in faeces and hatch in water, releasing miracidia which penetrate the helisomid freshwater snails first intermediate host and develop through the Trematode lifecycle stages sporocyst stage into cercariae . ref name Otranto 2011 Cercariae released from snails actively penetrate the second intermediate host tadpole s becoming infective mesocercariae in about two weeks. ref name Otranto 2011 In the tadpole or in the frogs following the metamorphosis , mesocercariae accumulate and may be ingested by a number of paratenic hosts e.g., other frogs, snakes or directly by the definitive host. ref name Otranto 2011 Human infections Cases of human intraocular infection with mesocercariae of Alaria americana and other Alaria mesocercariae have been recorded in patients who had ingested undercooked contaminated frog legs . ref name Otranto 2011 Both patients presented with pigmentary tracks in the retina , areas of active or healed retinitis and signs of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis . ref name Otranto 2011 References This article incorporates CC BY 2.0 text from the reference ref name Otranto 2011 Cite doi 10.1186 1756 3305 4 41 ref reflist External links http animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu site accounts information Alaria americana.html Alaria americana at Animal Diversity Web Cite PMID 1000445 Cite PMID 1008125 Category Digenea ... more details
I. A. 1999 http www.angelfire.com sc gorbushin pap99.html The effect of Trematode parthenitae on the growth ... a nematode and a trematode in an amphipod host test of the sabotage hypothesis . Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol ... and allopatric parasites in a snail trematode interaction . Frontiers in Zoology 2 8. doi ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Fasciola image Fasciola hepatica.JPG image caption Fasciola hepatica regnum Animal ia phylum Platyhelminthe s classis Trematoda subclassis Digenea ordo Echinostomida subordo Echinostomata familia Fasciolidae genus Fasciola genus authority Carl Linnaeus Linnaeus , 1758 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Fasciola is a genus of trematode s which includes economically important parasite species. Members of genus Fasciola belongs to liver flukes . They causes the disease fasciolosis . Species Fasciola hepatica Fasciola gigantica Fasciola jacksoni Hybrid biology hybrid or Introgression introgressed populations of Fasciola gigantica Fasciola hepatica also exist. ref Young N. D., Jex A. R., Cantacessi C., Hall R. S., Campbell B. E. et al. 2011 . A Portrait of the Transcriptome of the Neglected Trematode, Fasciola gigantica Biological and Biotechnological Implications . PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 5 2 e1004. doi 10.1371 journal.pntd.0001004 . ref References reflist parasite stub Category Fasciola Category Fasciolidae Category Veterinary helminthology ar fr Fasciola la Fasciola uk Fasciola vi Fasciola ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Schistosoma mekongi regnum Animal ia phylum Platyhelminthes classis Trematoda subclassis Digenea ordo Strigeidida genus Schistosoma species S. mekongi binomial Schistosoma mekongi binomial authority Voge, Bruckner & Bruce, 1978 Schistosoma mekongi is a trematode, also known as a flatworm or fluke. It is one of the five major schistosomes that account for all human infections, the other four being S. haematobium , S. mansoni, S. japonicum, and S. intercalatum . This trematode causes schistosomiasis in humans, which is the second most common parasitic disease afflicting humans. Fact date February 2008 Freshwater snail Neotricula aperta serves as an intermediate host for Schistosoma mekongi . ref Attwood S. W., Fatih F. A. & Upatham E. S. 2008. http www.plosntds.org article info 3Adoi 2F10.1371 2Fjournal.pntd.0000200 DNA Sequence Variation Among Schistosoma mekongi Populations and Related Taxa Phylogeography and the Current Distribution of Asian Schistosomiasis . PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases , 2 3 e200. doi 10.1371 journal.pntd.0000200. ref References reflist External links http www.metapathogen.com schistosoma Schistosoma , blood fluke at Metapathogen.com http www.stanford.edu group parasites ParaSites2009 RebeccaHebner SchistoMekongi RebeccaHebner SchistoMekongi.htm ParaSite Schistosoma Mekongi flatworm stub parasite stub Helminthiases Category Digenea Category Parasites ar fr Schistosoma mekongi it Schistosoma mekongi pt Schistosoma mekongi ... more details
Taxobox regnum Animal ia phylum Platyhelminthes classis Trematode Trematoda ordo Plagiorchiida familia Microphallidae genus Gynaecotyla species G. adunca binomial Gynaecotyla adunca binomial authority Linton, 1905 Gynaecotyla adunca is a trematode fluke that normally infects birds. ref name VH34 Verberg and Hunter, 1961, p. 34 ref It has also been found in 15 of a sample of the marsh rice rat Oryzomys palustris from a salt marsh at Cedar Key , Florida. ref name Kt1 Kinsella, 1988, table 1 ref It uses fiddler crab s such as Uca rapax as its intermediate host . ref name K277 Kinsella, 1988, p. 277 ref References reflist Literature cited Kinsella, J.M. 1988. Comparison of helminths of rice rats, Oryzomys palustris , from freshwater and saltwater marshes in Florida. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 55 2 275 280. Verberg, W.B. and Hunter, W.S. 1961. http dx.doi.org 10.1016 0014 4894 61 90004 2 Studies on oxygen consumption in digenetic trematodes. V. The influence of temperature on three species of adult trematodes subscription required . Experimental Parasitology 11 1 34 38. Category Digenea ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Laurer s canal is a part of the reproductive system of trematode s, analogous to the vagina . In the Digenea ns it opens from the Dorsum biology dorsal surface of the worm , and in the Aspidogastrea ns ends in a blind ended sac. Laurer s canal may be used by the Trematoda flukes during copulation , but more normally sperm enters the female system via the common genital atrium, into which the uterus opens , either during copulation, or fertilisation self fertilisation . References reflist Category Platyhelminth anatomy Flatworm stub Developmental biology stub animal anatomy stub ... more details
This article was auto generated by User Polbot . Taxobox regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Rosids ordo Malvales familia Malvaceae subfamilia Brownlowioideae genus Diplodiscus genus authority Nicolai Stepanovitch Turczaninow Turcz. Diplodiscus is a genus of flowering plant in the Malvaceae sensu lato or Tiliaceae family. It contains the following species Diplodiscus hookerianus Diplodiscus paniculatus Diplodiscus scortechinii Bot notice new species go here Diplodiscus is also a genus of trematode worms. Category Diplodiscus Malvales stub es Diplodiscus pt Diplodiscus ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Taxobox name Metagonimoides oregonensis image regnum Animal ia phylum Platyhelminthes classis Trematoda subclassis Digenea ordo Opisthorchiida familia Heterophyidae genus Metagonimoides species M. oregonensis binomial Metagonimoides oregonensis binomial authority Price, 1931 Metagonimoides oregonensis is a species of trematode that infects Raccoons and freshwater snail s in the genus Goniobasis in North America ref http links.jstor.org sici?sici 0022 3395 197008 56 3A4 3C836 3AEOMOP1 3E2.0.CO 3B2 W ref . Notes references parasite stub flatworm stub Category Heterophyidae Category Parasites ... more details
Taxobox regnum Animal ia phylum Platyhelminthes classis Trematoda ordo Plagiorchiida familia Dicrocoeliidae genus Zonorchis species Z. komareki binomial Zonorchis komareki binomial authority McIntosh, 1939 Zonorchis komareki is a trematode fluke in the genus Zonorchis . It is known to infect the cotton mouse Peromyscus gossypinus , marsh rice rat Oryzomys palustris , and eastern harvest mouse Reithrodontomys humulis in the eastern United States. ref McKeever, 1971 ref See also List of parasites of the marsh rice rat References reflist Literature cited McKeever, S. 1971. http www.jstor.org stable 3277816 Zonorchis komareki McIntosh, 1939 Trematoda Dicrocoeliidae from Reithrodontomys humulis Audubon and Bachman . The Journal of Parasitology 57 4 865. Category Digenea ... more details
Taxobox name Calicophoron daubneyi image image caption Calicophoron daubneyi regnum Animal ia phylum Platyhelminthes classis Trematoda subclassis Digenea ordo familia Paramphistomidae genus Calicophoron species C. daubneyi binomial Calicophoron daubneyi binomial authority Dinnik, 1962 synonyms Paramphistomum daubneyi Paramphistomum daubnei Calicophoron daubneyi is a species of Digenea digenetic trematode in the family Paramphistomidae . ref name D az 2007 Hosts the first intermediate host is Omphiscola glabra cattle. ref name D az 2007 D az P. et al. 2007 . Risk periods of infection by Calicophoron daubneyi Digenea Paramphistomidae in cattle from oceanic climate areas . Parasitology Research 101 2 339 342. doi 10.1007 s00436 007 0493 z . ref References reflist Flatworm stub Category Digenea cs Calicophoron daubneyi ... more details
Automatic taxobox complete any parts of this template that you can fossil range image image caption authority Poche 1907 Write about the taxon here. Please cite your sources by enclosing them in ref ref The Bucephaloidea are a Taxonomic rank superfamily of trematode flatworm s, belonging to the large group Digenea . They contain numerous endoparasite s of mollusks and fish . The name Bucephalus meaning ox head was originally applied to the genus Bucephalus trematode Bucephalus because of the horn like appearance of the forked tail furcae of its cercaria larva. By what Manter calls a curious circumstance , horns are also suggested by the long tentacles of adult worms. ref name manter cite journal last Manter first Harold W title Digenetic trematodes of fishes from the Galapagos Islands and the neighboring Pacific journal Reports on the Collections obtained by Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 1932 1938 year 1940 volume 2 issue 14 pages 333 url http digitalcommons.unl.edu cgi viewcontent.cgi?article 1667&context parasitologyfacpubs accessdate 20 February 2011 ref Most trematodes have Trematode lifecycle stages several distinct developmental stages . The motile cercaria larva is released by the first intermediate host, typically a snail, and parasitizes a second intermediate host, where it encysts into a metacercaria . Finally, the adult flatworm typically inhabits the alimentary system or other body cavity of a fish. ref name fao cite web title 2. FISH DISEASES Contd. 2.1.4 Parasitic Diseases url http www.fao.org docrep field 003 ac160e AC160E03.htm publisher FAO of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations accessdate 18 February 2011 ref Their direct child taxa are the Family Bucephalidae and the Family Nuitrematidae . ref name worms cite web title WoRMS taxon details Bucephaloidea url http www.marinespecies.org aphia.php?p taxdetails&id 108414 publisher WoRMS accessdate 18 February 2011 ref Family Bucephalidae Bucephalids are trematode parasite ... more details
ability of C. parvum is evolutionarily advantageous for this trematode. While inbreeding .... Microsaterllite loci for the progenetic trematode, Coitocaecum parvum Opecoelidae . Molecular Ecology Notes 7 694 696 Lagrue, C. and R. Poulin. 2007. Life cycle abbreviation in the trematode Coitocaecum ... more details
italictitle Taxobox name Plagioporus skrjabini image image caption status status ref regnum Animal ia phylum Platyhelminthes classis Trematoda subclassis Digenea ordo Plagiorchiida subordo Xiphidiata superfamilia Allocreadioidea familia Opecoelidae subfamilia genus Plagioporus species P. skrjabini binomial Plagioporus skrjabini binomial authority Kowal, 1951 synonyms ref synonyms Plagioporus skrjabini is a species of a trematode in the family Opecoelidae . ref name Chernogorenko 1978 Hosts Hosts of Plagioporus skrjabini include Snail Theodoxus fluviatilis serves as the first intermediate host ref name Chernogorenko 1978 ru icon Chernogorenko M. I., Komarovova T. I. & Kurandina D. P. 1978 . Life cycle of the trematode, Plagioporus skrjabini Kowal, 1951 Allocreadiata, Opecoelidae . Parazitologiia 12 6 479 486. PMID 733319 . ref Sand hopper s are natural additional hosts Pontogammarus robustoides , Pontogammarus crassus , Dikerogammarus villosus , Dikerogammarus haemobaphes , Chaetogammarus ischnus and Amathillina cristata . ref name Chernogorenko 1978 Definitive hosts are Cobitis taenia , ref name Zhokhov 2006 Zhokhov A. E., Molodozhnikova N. M. & Pugacheva M. N. 2006 . Dispersal of invading trematodes Nicolla skrjabini Iwanitzky, 1928 and Plagioporus skrjabini Kowal, 1951 Trematoda Opecoelidae in the Volga . Russian Journal of Ecology 37 5 363 365. doi 10.1134 S1067413606050110 . ref and goby gobies Toad goby Mesogobius batrachocephalus , ref name Zhokhov 2006 Bighead goby Ponticola kessleri ref name Chernogorenko 1978 and Monkey goby Neogobius fluviatilis . ref name Chernogorenko 1978 ref name Zhokhov 2006 References reflist Category Digenea flatworm stub ... more details
Odhner is the name of a Swedish family. Notable members include People Clas Theodor Odhner 1836 1904 , Swedish historian, director of the Swedish National Archives Willgodt Theophil Odhner 1845 1905 , Swedish engineer and inventor of the Odhner Arithmometer working in Russia Nils Johan Teodor Odhner 1879 1928 , Swedish arctic explorer and zoologist who studied trematode s and Decapoda decapod crustaceans Nils Hjalmar Odhner 1884 1973 , Swedish zoologist who studied mollusk s Other Odhner Arithmometer , a Calculator The 19th century mechanical calculator invented by Willgodt Theophil Odhner Odhner Arithmometer Legacy AB Original Odhner , a Swedish company manufacturing Odhner calculators Facit Odhner, a subsidiary of Facit AB , which bought AB Original Odhner in 1942 References Hans Gillingstam, Odhner , Svenskt biografiskt lexikon , vol. 28. Category Swedish families Category Swedish language surnames Category Surnames ... more details
Image Fasciola hepatica.JPG thumb Fasciola hepatica Liver flukes are a polyphyletic group of trematode s phylum Platyhelminthes . Adults of liver flukes are localized in the liver of various mammal s, including humans. These flatworm s can occur in bile duct s, gallbladder , and liver parenchyma . They feed on blood . Adult flukes produce eggs which are passed into the intestine . Examples include Clonorchis sinensis the Chinese liver fluke or the Oriental liver fluke Dicrocoelium dendriticum lancet liver fluke Dicrocoelium hospes Fasciola hepatica the sheep liver fluke Fascioloides magna the giant liver fluke Fasciola gigantica Fasciola jacksoni Metorchis conjunctus Metorchis albidus Protofasciola robusta Parafasciolopsis fasciomorphae Opisthorchis viverrini Southeast Asian liver fluke Opisthorchis felineus cat liver fluke . Opisthorchis guayaquilensis See also Fascioliasis platyhelminth stub parasite stub Helminthiases Category Digenea Category Parasites Category Hepatology ar cs Jatern motolice ko ru fi Maksamadot sv Leverflundror th uk ... more details
Automatic taxobox subdivision ranks Suborder s display children 1 The Echinostomida are an order biology order of flatworm s, belonging to the large group Digenea . Apart from the suborder s listed, the Taxonomic rank superfamily Notocotyloidea and the family biology family Pachytrematidae are also placed here as more basal evolution basal taxa incertae sedis . Verify source date February 2008 commons category Life cycle The adult inhabits the bile duct s of herbivorous mammals or humans. The immature eggs are passed in the faeces. The eggs enter the water, and hatch into a miracidium larva within 2 weeks. The larvae seek out the snail Lymnaea trunculata , and will die if they fail to find one in 24 hours. The miracidium penetrates the soft tissues of the snail, where it metamorphosis metamorphoses into a Trematode lifecycle stages sporocyst . The final hosts are infected by ingestion of raw vegetation or water containing encysted metacercaria . unreferenced date March 2010 Category Digenea flatworm stub parasite stub ar fa fr Echinostomida nl Echinostomida ... more details
Taxobox regnum Animal ia phylum Platyhelminthes classis Trematoda ordo Strigeata familia Gymnophallidae genus Gymnophalloides species G. heardi binomial Gymnophalloides heardi binomial authority Ching, 1995 Gymnophalloides heardi is a parasitic trematode fluke that infects the marsh rice rat Oryzomys palustris in Florida and clapper rail Rallus longirostris . Its second intermediate host is the snail Melampus bidentatus genus Melampus gastropod Melampus . It is smaller than the two other species of Gymnophalloides , Gymnophalloides seoi G. seoi and Gymnophalloides tokiensis G. tokiensis , and differs in other characters. ref Ching, 1995, pp. 924, 926 ref References reflist Literature cited Ching, H.L. 1995. http www.jstor.org pss 3284042 Four new gymnophallid digeneans from rice rats, willets, and molluscs in Florida . Journal of Parasitology 81 6 924 928. Category Digenea ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Artyfechinostomum malayanum regnum Animal ia phylum Platyhelminthes classis Trematoda subcalssis Digenea ordo Echinostomida subordo Echinostomata familia Echinostomatidae genus Artyfechinostomum species A. malayanum binomial Artyfechinostomum malayanum binomial authority Leiper , 1911 Mendheim , 1943 synonyms ref ref name Chai 2009 Cite pmid 19885337 ref synonyms Echinostoma malayanum Leiper, 1911 Euparyphium malayanum Odhner, 1913 Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex Lane, 1915 Artyfechinostomum mehrai Faruqui, 1930 Paryphostomum sufrartyfex Bhalerao, 1931 Isthmiophora malayana Artyfechinostomum malayanum is a species of Digenea digenetic trematode in the family Echinostomatidae . The known first intermediate host of Artyfechinostomum malayanum include freshwater snails Indoplanorbis exustus and Gyraulus convexiusculus . ref name Chai 2009 The ceraciae can also infect gastropods Pila scutata , Lymnaea cumingiana and Digoniostoma pulchella . ref name Chai 2009 References reflist flatworm stub parasite stub Category Digenea ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Hypoderaeum conoideum regnum Animal ia phylum Platyhelminthes classis Trematoda subcalssis Digenea ordo Echinostomida subordo Echinostomata familia Echinostomatidae genus Hypoderaeum species H. conoideum binomial Hypoderaeum conoideum binomial authority Block, 1872 Diez, 1909 synonyms ref synonyms Hypoderaeum conoideum is a species of Digenea digenetic trematode in the family Echinostomatidae . The known first intermediate host s of Hypoderaeum conoideum include the freshwater snail s Planorbarius corneus , Indoplanorbis exustus , Lymnaea stagnalis , Lymnaea limosa , Radix ovata and Radix rubiginosa . ref name Chai 2009 cite pmid 19885337 . ref Other freshwater snail species were capable of being experimentally infected Lymnaea tumida , Radix peregra and Stagnicola corvus . ref name Chai 2009 References reflist flatworm stub parasite stub Category Digenea nl Hypoderaeum conoideum ... more details
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