Trithoraxgroupproteins are chromatin regulatory proteins which generally act to maintain gene expression. This group of proteins is rather heterogeneous and contains members that form several multiprotein chromatin complexes. One main activity of the Trithorax complex is to activate transcription by inducing trimethylation of lysine 4 of histone H3 H3K4me3 at specific regulatory site s in their target chromatin. This active state is reinforced by acetylation of histone H4. In addition, some Trithoraxgroupproteins have chromatin remodeling activity, using the energy of ATP to mobilize nucleosomes. Polycomb groupproteins are the repressive counterpart to the Trithoraxgroupproteins in that they also bind to the chromatin at the Hox genes and act to induce trimethylation of lysine 27 of histone H3 H3K27me3 , to prevent acetylation at histone H4, and to counteract nuclesome remodeling, thus maintaining silent states of gene expression. br further2 MLL gene MLL ASH1L ASH2L References reflist http www.sdbonline.org fly aignfam polycomb.htm Chromatin organization and the Polycomb and Trithorax groups in The Interactive Fly Polycomb silencing mechanisms and the management of genomic programmes Y. B. Schwartz, V. Pirrotta Jan 2007 Nat. Rev. Genet. 8 1 9 PMID http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez query.fcgi?db pubmed&list uids 17173055&cmd Retrieve 17173055 Genome Regulation by Polycomb and TrithoraxProteins. Schuettengruber, B., Chourrout, D., Vervoort, M., Leblanc, B., and Cavalli, G ... The Polycomb and Trithorax page of the Cavalli lab This page contains useful information on Polycomb and trithoraxproteins, in the form of an introduction, links to published reviews, list of Polycomb and trithoraxproteins, illustrative power point slides and a link to a genome browser showing the genome wide distribution of these proteins in Drosophila melanogaster . Category Proteins protein stub ru Trithorax ... more details
pages 29 44 ref In insects In Drosophila , the TrithoraxgroupproteinsTrithoraxgroup trxG and Polycomb group PcG proteins act antagonistically and interact with chromosomal elements, termed Cellular Memory Modules CMMs . Trithoraxgroup trxG proteins maintain the active state of gene expression while the Polycomb group PcG proteins counteract this activation with a repressive function that is stable ...Polycomb groupproteins are a protein family family of proteins first discovered in fruit flies that can remodel chromatin such that epigenetic silencing of gene s takes place. Polycomb groupproteins ... CB, Farrona S, Reyes JC, Hennig L, K hler C title CHD3 proteins and polycomb groupproteins antagonistically ... Copenhaver editor1 first Gregory P. ref Polycomb groupproteins also intervene in the control of flowering ... and trithoraxproteins journal Cell volume 128 issue 4 pages 735 45 year 2007 month February ... Drosophila Genes in Development Polycomb group in the Homeobox Genes DataBase http www.humpath.com article.php3?id article 773 polycomb groupproteins on humpath.com External links http www.igh.cnrs.fr equip cavalli link.PolycombTeaching.html The Polycomb and Trithorax page of the Cavalli lab This page contains useful information on Polycomb and trithoraxproteins, in the form of an introduction, links to published reviews, list of Polycomb and trithoraxproteins, illustrative power point slides and a link to a genome browser showing the genome wide distribution of these proteins in Drosophila melanogaster . MeshName polycomb groupproteins Category Proteins ru polycomb ... Group gene expression is important in many aspects of development. Murine null mutants in PRC2 genes .... In contrast overexpression of PcG proteins correlates with the severity and invasiveness of several cancer types. ref cite journal doi 10.1371 journal.pbio.0060113 title Polycomb Group Genes Keeping ... and Trithorax groups in The Interactive Fly cite journal author Schwartz YB, Pirrotta V title Polycomb ... more details
Copper proteins are proteins that contain one or more copper ions as prosthetic group s. The metal centres in the copper proteins can be classified into several types ref citation first1 Richard H. last1 Holm authorlink1 Richard H. Holm first2 Pierre last2 Kennepohl first3 Edward I. last3 Solomon title Structural and Functional Aspects of Metal Sites in Biology journal Chemical Reviews volume 96 issue 7 pages 2239 2314 year 1996 doi 10.1021 cr9500390 ref Type I copper centres T1Cu are characterized by a single copper atom coordinated by two histidine residues and a cysteine residue in a trigonal planar structure, and a variable axial ligand . In Plastocyanin family of copper binding proteins class I T1Cu proteins e.g. amicyanin , plastocyanin and pseudoazurin the axial ligand is the sulfur of methionine , whereas aminoacids other than methionine e.g. glutamine give rise to class II T1Cu copper proteins. Azurin s contain the third type of T1Cu centres besides a methionine in one axial position, they contain a second axial ligand a Carbonyl carbonyl group of a glycine residue . T1Cu containing proteins are usually called cupredoxins , and show similar three dimensional structures, relatively high reduction potentials 250 mV , and strong absorption near 600 nm due to sulfur S copper Cu Luminophore charge transfer , which usually gives rise to a blue colour. Cupredoxins are therefore often called blue copper proteins . This may be misleading, since some T1Cu centres also absorb around 460 nm and are therefore green. When studied by Electron spin resonance EPR spectroscopy, T1Cu ... citation first Judith P. last Klinman title Mechanisms Whereby Mononuclear Copper Proteins Functionalize ... by three histidine residues. These proteins exhibit no EPR signal due to strong antiferromagnetic ... oxygen transporting proteins e.g. hemocyanin and tyrosinase . ref Lewis, E. A. and Tolman, W. B., Reactivity ... in health References references Category Copper proteins Category Peripheral membrane proteins de Kupferproteine ... more details
FANC proteins are a group of proteins associated with Fanconi anemia . ref MeshName FANC Proteins ref ref name pmid19465921 cite journal author Naim V, Rosselli F title The FANC pathway and BLM collaborate during mitosis to prevent micro nucleation and chromosome abnormalities journal Nat. Cell Biol. volume 11 issue 6 pages 761 8 year 2009 month June pmid 19465921 doi 10.1038 ncb1883 ref ref name OchsSmith2007 cite book author1 Hans D. Ochs author2 C. I. Edvard Smith author3 Jennifer Puck title Primary immunodeficiency diseases a molecular and genetic approach url http books.google.com books?id pCDDYDhy03AC&pg PA431 accessdate 21 December 2010 year 2007 publisher Oxford University Press US isbn 9780195147742 pages 431 ref They are involved in DNA replication and damage response. ref name pmid19729998 cite journal author Naim V, Rosselli F title The FANC pathway and mitosis a replication legacy journal Cell Cycle volume 8 issue 18 pages 2907 11 year 2009 month September pmid 19729998 doi url http www.landesbioscience.com journals cc abstract.php?id 9538 ref Components include core protein complex FANCA , FANCB , Fanconi anemia, complementation group C FANCC , FANCE , FANCF , FANCG , FANCL , FANCM other BRCA1 FANCD1 , FANCD2 , FANCI , BRIP1 FANCJ , PALB2 FANCN , FANCP References reflist DNA repair Category DNA repair Category Protein groups biochemistry stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Avimer Proteins are multimeric binding proteins or peptides engineered using in vitro exon shuffling and phage display. Multiple binding domains are linked, resulting in greater affinity and specificity compared to single epitope immunoglobin domains. ref http www.nature.com nbt journal v23 n12 abs nbt1166.html Multivalent avimer proteins evolved by exon shuffling of a family of human receptor domains Nature Biotechnology Bot generated title ref These properties make avimer proteins extremely useful as potential tools and therapeutics. References reflist Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs June 2007, Vol. 16, No. 6, Pages 909 917 Multivalent avimer proteins evolved by exon shuffling of a family of human receptor domains Nature Biotechnology 23, 1556 1561 2005 Avimers hold their own Nature Biotechnology 23, 1493 1494 2005 DEFAULTSORT Avimer Proteins Category Peptides ... more details
channel Synport Antiport proteins Glucose transporter Hormones and growth factor s Epidermal ... Transcription Regulation CI protein Transcription regulatory proteins that are receptors are in the receptors section. C myc FOXP2 FOXP3 MyoD P53 Immune system Immune system proteins Antibody Immunoglobins ... transport Ferritin Chaperone protein Chaperone proteins GroEL Enzyme s See List of enzymes Complexes with multiple components including proteins Nucleosome Ribonucleoprotein generic Signal recognition ... Genes Category ProteinsProteins List of enzymes NPW PEGylation Protein design Protein family Structural domain Wikipedia MeSH D12.776 Medical Subject Headings classification of proteins Protein topics Expand list date August 2008 Category Molecular biology Category Cell biology Category Proteins ... more details
Refimprove date July 2007 Expert subject Medicine date November 2008 Blood proteins , also termed serum proteins or plasma proteins , are protein s found in blood plasma . Serum total protein in blood is 7g dl. They serve many different functions, including circulatory transport molecules for lipids hormones, vitamins and metals enzymes, complement components, protease inhibitors , and kinin precursor s regulation of Non cellular life acellular activity and functioning and in the immune system. Separating serum proteins by electrophoresis is a valuable diagnostic tool as well as a way to monitor clinical progress. Often mentioned blood proteins Image Hemoglobin.jpg thumb 100px Structure of hemoglobin class wikitable Blood protein Normal level Function serum albumin Albumin s 3.5 5.0 g dl 60 create oncotic pressure and transports other molecules immunoglobulin s 1.0 1.5 g dl 18 participate in immune system Fibrinogen s 0.2 0.45 g dl 4 blood coagulation alpha 1 antitrypsin neutralize trypsin that has leaked from the digestive system Regulation of gene expression Regulatory proteins 1 Regulation of gene expression Regulation of few gene expression Other types of blood proteins include ... Ceruloplasmin Transferring C3 C4 Beta 2 microglobulin Beta lipoprotein Gamma globulin proteins ... Mannan binding lectin MBL or MBP All the plasma proteins are synthesized in liver except gamma globulins . 60 of plasma proteins are made up of the protein albumin, which are major contributors ... make up 35 of plasma proteins and are used in the transport of ions, hormones and lipids assisting ... into insoluble fibrin. Regulatory proteins which make up less than 1 of plasma proteins are proteins such as enzymes, proenzymes and hormones. Current research regarding blood plasma proteins is centered ... NL and Anderson NG title High Resolution Two Dimensional Electrophoresis of Human Plasma Proteins ... edited by Wendy Arneson, Jean Brickell. Category Blood proteins Category Proteins Category ... more details
Proteins are present in wine. The most common protein s include thaumatin like proteins and chitinase s and have a role in the formation of turbidity haze ref Thaumatin like proteins and chitinases, the haze forming proteins of wine, accumulate during ripening of grape Vitis vinifera berries and drought stress does not affect the final levels per berry at maturity. Pocock KF, Hayasaka Y, McCarthy MG and Waters EJ, J Agric Food Chem. 2000 May, 48 5 , pages 1637 1643, PMID 10820071 , doi 10.1021 jf9905626 ref especially visible in white wine . ref Roles of grape thaumatin like protein and chitinase in white wine haze formation. Marangon M, Van Sluyter SC, Neilson KA, Chan C, Haynes PA, Waters EJ and Falconer RJ, J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Jan 26, 59 2 , pages 733 740, PMID 21189017 , doi 10.1021 jf1038234 ref The quantity of haze forming is dependant on the quantity of phenolic content in wine phenolics in the wine . ref Effects of Protein Polyphenol Interactions on Beverage Haze, Stabilization, and Analysis. Karl J. Siebert, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1999, 47 2 , pages 353 362, doi 10.1021 jf980703o ref Some of those proteins are considered nuisance . Some of them are grape pathogenesis related protein s. ref Nuisance Proteins of Wine Are Grape Pathogenesis Related Proteins. Elizabeth J. Waters, Neil J. Shirley and Patrick J. Williams, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1996, 44 1 , pages 3 5, doi 10.1021 jf9505584 ref Those proteins have been identified by mass spectrometry and originate from grape, yeast, bacteria and fungi. ref Profiling of Soluble Proteins in Wine by Nano High Performance Liquid ... 7258 7263, doi 10.1021 jf048940g ref These proteins are unstable when submitted to heat but can be removed ... Unstable Proteins in Wine. I. Characterization and Removal by Bentonite Fining and Heat Treatment. Juinn ..., pages 11 16 ref process called clarification and stabilization of wine . Proteins residues from ... Proteins Category Wine chemistry protein stub wine stub ... more details
The family of non collagen ous protein s known as SIBLING proteins , standing for s mall i ntegrin b inding li gand, N linked g lycoprotein, are components of the extracellular matrix of bone and dentin . Evidence shows that these proteins play key roles in the Mineralization biology mineralization of these tissues. ref name Qin Qin, C. http cro.sagepub.com cgi content abstract 15 3 126 POST TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS OF SIBLING PROTEINS AND THEIR ROLES IN OSTEOGENESIS AND DENTINOGENESIS Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 2004 15 3 126 136 ref The following are categorized as SIBLING proteins ref name Qin ref Chaplet, M. http cat.inist.fr ?aModele afficheN&cpsidt 15005341 Dentin matrix protein 1 is expressed in human lung cancer 2003, vol. 18, no8, pp. 1506 1512 ref osteopontin OPN bone sialoprotein BSP dentin matrix protein 1 DMP1 dentin sialophosphoprotein protein dentin sialophosphoprotein DSPP matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein MEPE The genes coding for members of the SIBLING protein family are similarly organized and are all located on human chromosome 4q21 23. ref name Rittling Rittling, S.R. and Denhardt, D.T. http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 10213864 OSTEOPONTIN FUNCTION IN PATHOLOGY LESSONS FROM OSTEOPONTIN DEFICIENT MICE Exp Nephrol 1999 7 103 113 ref References Reflist Category Glycoproteins Category Extracellular matrix proteins sr SIBLING proteini ... more details
Orphan date April 2012 Infobox journal title Proteins Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics cover File Proteins journal .gif editor Bertrand Garcia Moreno discipline Proteins science peer reviewed language formernames abbreviation publisher Wiley Intescience country U.S.A. frequency Monthly, except semimonthly in Feb., May, Aug., and Nov history 1986 present openaccess license impact 3.085 impact year 2009 website http onlinelibrary.wiley.com journal 10.1002 ISSN 1097 0134 link1 link1 name link2 link2 name RSS atom JSTOR OCLC 13196210 LCCN 90655008 CODEN ISSN 1097 0134 eISSN boxwidth General information Proteins Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics is a monthly, peer review ed, scientific journal , published by Wiley Interscience , which was established in 1986 Vol. 1, No. 1 by Cyrus Levinthal . The Editor in Chief is Dr. Bertrand Garcia Moreno Johns Hopkins University . According to Journal Citation Reports the 2009 impact factor for this journal is 3.085. ref name Scope pr Publishing formats are original research reports, short communications 4 pages , prediction reports, invited reviews, and topic proposals. In addition, Proteins includes a section entitled Section Notes 1 to 2 pages , describing a novel protein structure. ref name Scope pr This journal has alternate titles, and former variations in frequency. Other titles Because the subtitle varies, this journal has the following alternate titles ref name LCC ProteinsProteins, structure, function, and genetics Proteins, structure, function, and bioinformatics Structure, function, and genetics Structure, function, and bioinformatics ... journal 1097 0134 Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics accessdate 2010 08 26 ref Proteins, structure, function, and genetics 1991 2003 Proteins, structure, function, and bioinformatics . 2004 ... of Proteins is publishing original research on all topics regarding protein research. Analytical ... disciplines. ref name Scope pr Abstracting and indexing Proteins is indexed in the following databases ... more details
WJ title Plant viral movement proteins agents for cell to cell trafficking of viral genomes journal ... 0854.2000.010703.x Category Proteins protein stub ... more details
T title Phylogenetic analysis of AAA proteins journal J. Struct. Biol. volume 146 issue 1 2 pages 2 10 year 2004 pmid 15037233 doi 10.1016 j.jsb.2003.11.020 ref These proteins are involved in a range ... of AAA proteins is the coupling of chemical energy by ATPase , provided by ATP hydrolysis , to mechanical ... that form a ring shaped structure with a central pore. These proteins produce a molecular motor that couples ... in all organisms and they are essential for many cellular functions. One type of AAA Proteins ... for degradation. AAA type ATPases constitute a large family of enzymes. AAA proteins are characterised ... A and Walker B motifs . AAA proteins themselves belong to the superfamily of P loop NTPases. Domain structure of AAA type ATPases All AAA proteins have a mixed alpha beta domain that binds and hydrolyzes nucleotide. Most AAA proteins have a second domain that comprises the AAA module an all alpha ... proteins have additional domains that are used for oligomerization, substrate binding and or regulation. These domains can lie N or C terminal to the AAA module. Some classes of AAA proteins have an N ... proteins with two AAA domains, both are evolutionarily well conserved like in Cdc48 p97 . In others ... distantly related cellular regulators and termed AAA family of ATPases 112 . AAA proteins are involved ... to substrate protein. Prokaryotic AAAs AAA proteins are not restricted to eukaryote s. Prokaryotes have ..., which mediates protein degradation and recognition in E. coli . The basic recognition of proteins ... ClpX ClpY homologue of the HSP100 family of AAA proteins, the N and C terminal subdomains move ... AAA protein. Misfolded secretory proteins are exported from the endoplasmic reticulum ER and degraded by the ER associated degradation pathway ERAD . Nonfunctional membrane and luminal proteins ... that sort ubiquitinated membrane proteins by incorporating them into vesicles. This process ... its oligomerzation status and ATPase activity. Human proteins containing this domain AFG3L1 ... more details
FOX Forkhead box proteins are a family of transcription factor s that play important roles in regulating the expression of gene s involved in cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and longevity . Many FOX proteins are important to embryonic development. ref name pmid17889656 cite journal author Tuteja G, Kaestner KH title SnapShot forkhead transcription factors I journal Cell volume 130 issue 6 pages 1160 year 2007 month September pmid 17889656 doi 10.1016 j.cell.2007.09.005 url ref ref name pmid17923097 cite journal author Tuteja G, Kaestner KH title Forkhead transcription factors II journal Cell volume 131 issue 1 pages 192 year 2007 month October pmid 17923097 doi 10.1016 j.cell.2007.09.016 url ref The defining feature of FOX proteins is the fork head domain forkhead box , a sequence of 80 to 100 amino acids forming a DNA motif motif that binds to DNA . This forkhead motif is also known as the Winged helix transcription factors winged helix due to the butterfly like appearance of the loops in the protein structure of the domain. ref name pmid12801727 cite journal author Lehmann OJ, Sowden JC, Carlsson P, Jordan T, Bhattacharya SS title Fox s in development and disease journal TRENDS in Genetics volume 19 issue 6 pages 339 344 year 2003 pmid 12801727 doi 10.1016 S0168 9525 03 00111 2 ref Forkhead genes are a subgroup of the helix turn helix class of proteins. Biological roles Many genes encoding FOX proteins have been identified. For example, the FOXF2 gene encodes forkhead box F2 , one of many human homologues of the Drosophila melanogaster transcription factor forkhead. FOXF2 is expressed in lung and placenta . Some FOX genes are downstream targets of the hedgehog ... Stressing the role of FoxO proteins in lifespan and disease journal Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. volume ..., FREAC, and fkh , but in 2000 a unified nomenclature was introduced that grouped the FOX proteins into subclasses ... links MeshName Forkhead Box Proteins Transcription factors g3 DEFAULTSORT Fox Proteins Category Transcription ... more details
Calmodulin binding proteins are, as their name implies, proteins which bind calmodulin . Examples include Gap 43 protein presynaptic Neurogranin postsynaptic Caldesmon External links MeshName Calmodulin Binding Proteins Carrier proteins Category Proteins protein stub ... more details
Intracellular calcium sensing proteins are proteins that act in the second messenger system. Examples include calmodulin calnexin calreticulin gelsolin External links MeshName Intracellular Calcium Sensing Proteins Calcium binding proteins Calcium signaling Category Human proteins protein stub ... more details
Infobox protein family Symbol P II Name Nitrogen regulatory protein P II image 2pii.png width caption GlnB protein from E.coli . PDB PDBe 2pii ref cite pmid 15299730 ref Pfam PF00543 Pfam clan CL0089 InterPro IPR002187 SMART SM00938 PROSITE PDOC00439 MEROPS SCOP 1pil TCDB OPM family OPM protein CAZy CDD The Nitrogen regulatory protein P II family contains a series of homologous prokaryotic signalling proteins which are involved in the regulation of nitrogen metabolism. The proteins are post translationally modified via addition of a uridylyl group by the enzyme Uridylyltransferase . The presence or absence of this group modulates the behaviour of the protein. In turn, uridylation is controlled by cellular levels of alpha Ketoglutaric acid alpha ketoglutarate and Adenosine triphosphate ATP . PII proteins exist in trimers in vivo and bind ATP in a cleft between the subunits. There are two flexible loops call the B loop and T loop which are involved in regulation of the protein. The T loop contains a conserved tyrosine which is the site of uridyl attachment. Following nitrogen starvation, increased intra cellular concentrations of ammonia cause the de uridylylation of GlnK. This then binds directly to the ammonia transporter ammonia channel AmtB to block ammonia conduction. ref cite pmid 16864585 ref ref cite pmid 17220269 ref References reflist Category Proteins ... more details
2evu A 2 240 PDB3 2f2b A 2 240 PDB3 2abm C 1 223 PDB3 1rc2 B 1 223 Major intrinsic proteins are a large ... title The MIP family of integral membrane channel proteins sequence comparisons, evolutionary relationships ... halves of the proteins journal Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. volume 28 issue 3 pages 235 257 year ... family of integral membrane transport proteins journal Mol. Microbiol. volume 5 issue 1 pages ... proteins journal Trends Biochem. Sci. volume 16 issue 5 pages 170 171 year 1991 pmid 1715617 doi ... Aquaporins water channel proteins of plant and animal cells journal Trends Biochem. Sci. volume 19 issue 10 pages 421 425 year 1994 pmid 7529436 doi 10.1016 0968 0004 94 90091 4 ref . Proteins from ... . These proteins form water specific channels that provide the plasma membranes of red cells and kidney ... proteins TIP . There are various isoforms of TIP alpha seed , gamma, Rt root , and Wsi water stress induced . These proteins may allow the diffusion of water, amino acids and or peptides from .... A hypothetical protein from the pepX region of Lactococcus lactis . Structure MIP family proteins are thought to contain 6 TM domains. Sequence analysis suggests that the proteins may have arisen ... PUB 00005368 cite journal author title journal volume issue pages year ref . Some of the proteins in this group are responsible for the molecular basis of the blood group antigens, surface markers on the outside of the red blood cell membrane. Most of these markers are proteins, but some are carbohydrates attached to lipids or proteins ref name PUB00020601 cite journal author Reid ME, Lomas francis C title Molecular approaches to blood group identification journal Curr Opin Hematol volume 9 issue ... Aquaporin 1 belongs to the Colton blood group system and is associated with Co a b antigen. Subfamilies Aquaporin InterPro IPR012269 Human proteins containing this domain Aquaporin 1 AQP1 , Aquaporin ... Category Transmembrane proteins membrane protein stub ru ... more details
Thyroxine binding proteins is a protein which binds thyroid hormone . Examples include Thyroxine binding globulin Transthyretin Serum albumin External links MeshName Thyroxine binding proteins Glycoproteins Biochem stub Category Human proteins Category Blood proteins ... more details
Iron binding proteins are carrier protein s and metalloprotein s which play many important roles in metabolism . They bind Iron and can therefore inhibit microbial growth. Two iron binding proteins are lactoferrin and transferrin . See also Iron External links MeshName Iron binding proteins biochemistry stub Carrier proteins Iron binding proteins Category Iron metabolism ... more details
Notability date February 2008 Refimprove date February 2008 The http dip.doe mbi.ucla.edu Database of Interacting Proteins DIP ref Salwinski L, Miller CS, Smith AJ, Pettit FK, Bowie JU, Eisenberg D. 2004 The Database of Interacting Proteins 2004 update. NAR 32 D449 51. http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 14681454 Article in Pubmed ref catalogs experimentally determined interactions between proteins . It combines information from a variety of sources to create a single, consistent set of protein protein interactions. The data stored within DIP have been curated, both manually, by expert http en.wiktionary.org wiki curator curators , and automatically, using computational approaches that utilize the knowledge about the protein protein interaction neural network networks extracted from the most reliable, core subset of the DIP data. DIP is curated by the research group of David Eisenberg at UCLA . DIP is a member of the http imex.sourceforge.net International Molecular Exchange Consortium IMEx , a group of the major public providers of interaction data. Other participating databases include http www.ebi.ac.uk intact site index.jsf IntAct , http mint.bio.uniroma2.it mint Welcome.do MINT , http mips.gsf.de genre proj mpact MPact , and http www.thebiogrid.org BioGRID . The databases of IMEx work together to prevent duplications of effort, collecting data from non overlapping sources and sharing the curated interaction data. Notes references External links http dip.doe mbi.ucla.edu The Database of Interacting Proteins at UCLA http imex.sourceforge.net International Molecular Exchange Consortium IMEx Category Proteins Category Biological databases ... more details
Late Embryogenesis Abundant protein s LEA proteins are proteins in animals and plants that protect other Protein aggregation proteins from aggregation from desiccation or osmotic shock osmotic stresses associated with low temperature . ref name Goyal cite journal author Goyal, K., Walton, L. J., & Tunnacliffe, A. title LEA proteins prevent protein aggregation due to water stress journal Biochemical Journal year 2005 volume 388 issue Part 1 pages 151 157 url http www.biochemj.org bj 388 0151 bj3880151.htm archiveurl http www.webcitation.org 5il9QhYT0 archivedate 2010 04 03 pmid 15631617 doi 10.1042 BJ20041931 pmc 1186703 ref LEA proteins were initially discovered accumulating late in embryogenesis of Gossypium cotton seed s. ref cite journal author Dure L 3rd, Greenway SC, Galau GA title Developmental biochemistry of cottonseed embryogenesis and germination changing messenger ribonucleic acid populations as shown by in vitro and in vivo protein synthesis journal Biochemistry year 1981 volume 7 issue 14 pages 4162 4168 pmid 7284317 doi 10.1021 bi00517a033 ref Although abundant in seeds and pollens, LEA proteins have been found to protect against desiccation, cold , or high salinity in a variety of organisms, including the Bacteria bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans , nematode Caenorhabditis elegans , Artemia Brine shrimp , and rotifer s. ref cite journal doi 10.1016 j.febslet.2004.09.049 author Gal TZ, Glazer I, Koltai H title An LEA group 3 family member is involved in survival ... 10.1186 1471 2164 9 118 author Hundertmark M, Hincha DK title LEA late embryogenesis abundant proteins ... url http www.biomedcentral.com 1471 2164 9 118 pmid 18318901 pmc 2292704 ref LEA proteins function ... and Molecular Biology volume 99 issue 1 year 2009 pages 1 6 pmid 18977383 ref LEA proteins are particularly ... year 2010 pages 1926 1933 pmid 20637181 ref See also Cryptobiosis Antifreeze proteins References reflist Category Proteins protein stub ... more details
A List of types of proteins is part of on going attempts to manage the large amounts of information concerning ... may be based on Protein structure structure as in CATH and SCOP . The List of types of proteins ... categories. Note There is also a List of proteins . Specific proteins may be listed there. This page see below is for descriptions of types of proteins. biological process unknown Used for the annotation of gene products whose process is not known or cannot be inferred. Proteins with no known ... structural domains , source organism or subcellular location. Structural categories Proteins with unknown ... products whose localization is not known or cannot be inferred. Consider placing such proteins in Structural ... also includes associated proteins. BR . See the Category Membrane biology Membrane biology category of wikipedia. BR See the Category Membrane proteins Membrane proteins category of wikipedia. BR See the Category Integral membrane proteins Integral membrane proteins category of Wikipedia. chromosome A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins e.g. histones that carries ... more specific functional categories further below for proteins than these general categories ... motor proteins are also in the Category Cytoskeleton cytoskeleton category . BR See the Wikipedia Motor protein article and the Category Motor proteins motor proteins category of Wikipedia. helicase ... proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates. See also catabolism . Proteolysis Protease Category EC 3.4 ... use macromolecule metabolism above for proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates. kinase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group , usually from ATP , to a substrate molecule. oxidoreductase ... and becomes reduced. transferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a group , e.g. a methyl group , glycosyl group , acyl group , phosphorus containing , or other groups , from one compound ... and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation , or conversely adding a group to a double ... more details
from peach , is a 9 kDa allergen belonging to the family of lipid transfer proteins. ref http ... foam which forms on top of beer. ref http www.crc.dk flab foam.htm ref Role in plant biology These proteins ... Category Proteins Category Water soluble transporters protein stub ... more details
lowercase Merge proteins date September 2009 discuss Talk proteins The merge proteins is a class of structural domain s in which the secondary structure is composed of alternating alpha helix helices and beta sheet strands along the backbone. The beta sheet strands are therefore mostly parallel . ref http www.sciencedirect.com science? ob ArticleURL& udi B6WK7 45PV587 R& user 10& rdoc 1& fmt & orig search& sort d& docanchor &view c& searchStrId 1129613196& rerunOrigin google& acct C000050221& version 1& urlVersion 0& userid 10&md5 60703cd8603411ced15eb92add0f6d7d ref Common examples include the flavodoxin fold , the TIM barrel and leucine rich repeat LRR proteins such as ribonuclease inhibitor . See also proteins Structural Classification of Proteins SCOP database CATH database Families of structurally similar proteins FSSP database Protein tertiary structure References reflist DEFAULTSORT Alpha Beta Protein Fold Category Protein folds Category LRR proteins protein stub ... more details
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