about the UNIX error code the Robin Williams book The Mac is not a Typewriter Robin Williams writer One source date July 2010 In computing , Not a typewriter or ENOTTY is an error code defined in the errno.h found on many Unix systems. This code is now used to indicate that an invalid ioctl input output control number was specified in a ioctl system call. Details The ioctl system call was originally supported only on Terminal telecommunication terminal devices, also known as TTY for this reason, the name of the error for using the ioctl system call to a device that is not a TTY was abbreviated as ENOTTY . Typewriter was what early UNIX systems called a terminal. This usage goes all the way back to the First Edition of the Unix Programmer s Manual , dated November 3, 1971. For example, the description of the SIGHUP hup command was hup hangs up the phone on the typewriter which uses it. The abbreviation TTY, which occurs widely even in modern UNIX systems, stood for Teletype . The generic term typewriter was probably used because Teletype was a registered trademark of AT&T subsidiary Teletype Corporation and was too specific. The name Teletype was derived from the more general term, teletypewriter using typewriter was a different contraction of the same original term. Because ioctl is now supported on other devices than terminals, some systems display a different message such as Inappropriate ioctl for device instead. Occurrence In some cases, this message will occur even when no ioctl has been issued by the program. This is due to the way the isatty library routine works. The error code errno is only set when a system call fails. One of the first system calls made by the C ... inappropriate Not a typewriter or Not a teletype , or Inappropriate ioctl for device being delivered ... kb TA31349 A UX mail and not a typewriter 2 95 article TA31349 on support.apple.com February ... was the announcement that the person they were attempting to communicate with was not a typewriter. See ... more details
desktop typewriters, such as this Underwood Typewriter Company Underwood Five , were long time standards ... style Hermes typewriter with jammed typebar s A typewriter is a Machine mechanical or electromechanical ... typewriter manufacturer companies have included E. Remington and Sons , IBM , Imperial Typewriters , Oliver Typewriter Company , Olivetti , Royal Typewriter Company , Smith Corona , and Underwood Typewriter Company . History Early innovations Image 1864 Schreibmaschine Peter Mitterhofer.jpg thumb Peter Mitterhofer , typewriter prototype 1864 Technisches Museum Wien Although many modern typewriters ... have estimated that some form of typewriter was invented 52 times as thinkers tried to come up with a workable ... for a machine that, from the patent, appears to have been similar to a typewriter. The patent shows ... M Mill Henry MillHenryPatents.htm ref Italian Pellegrino Turri invented a typewriter in 1808 ... called the Typographer typewriter Typographer which, in common with many other early machines, is listed as the first typewriter . The Science Museum London describes it merely as the first writing ... typewriter rather than a keyboard typewriter. Index typewriters of that era resemble the squeeze style embossing tape embosser from the 1970s more than they resemble the modern keyboard typewriter .... Image Writing ball keyboard 3.jpg thumb Hansen Writing Ball , 1870, the first typewriter manufactured ... career Chirographer . In 1855, the Italy Italian Giuseppe Ravizza created a prototype typewriter called ... Francisco Jo o de Azevedo , a Brazilian priest, made his own typewriter with basic materials and tools ... federal government recognize Fr. Azevedo as the real inventor of the typewriter, a claim ... former part of Austria developed several models and a fully functioning prototype typewriter in 1867 ... in 1870 and was the first commercially sold typewriter. It was a success in Europe and was reported ... for the title of inventor of the first electric typewriter. According to the book Hvem er skrivekuglens ... more details
Image JapaneseTtypewriter.jpg thumb 250px A typist uses a Japanese typewriter Deleted image removed Image Japanese Typewriter.jpg thumb 250px A typist uses a Japanese typewriter The first Japanese typewriter was invented by Kyota Sugimoto in 1929. ref http www.jpo.go.jp index.htm Japan Patent Office , http www.jpo.go.jp seido e rekishi e kyota sugimoto.htm Kyota Sugimoto Japanese Typewriter , 28th January 2009. ref Gallery gallery Image Japanese typewriter SH 280.jpg The Nippon Typewriter SH 280 Image Japanese Typewriter Ootanitype2.jpg An Otani typewriter Image Japanese Typewriter Nihontype2.jpg A Nippon typewriter Image Japanese Typewriter Toshiba1.jpg A Toshiba typewriter Image Japanese Typewriter Silver71.jpg A Silver Reed typewriter gallery References references See also Chinese typewriter External links commons Category Typewriter manufacturers of Japan Japanese typewriter cite web url http blog.gatunka.com 2009 09 30 japanese typewriters title Japanese Typewriters http www.geocities.jp kyo oomiya jpntype.html Japanese Typewriter Japanese Category Typewriters Category Japanese inventions technology stub ko ja ru ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 A typewriter desk is an antique desk form meant to hold a typewriter in an efficient position for the typist. This position is usually a few inches lower than the 29 inch 73.7 cm height of the typical antique desktop. The first generations of typewriters, in the last quarter of the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th, spurred the invention and production of a variety of typewriter desks. All of the early typewriter desks were extremely sturdy affairs since typewriters were not electric and could be operated only by constant pounding on the keys. The pounding could have gradually destroyed several traditional desks. Originally, typewriters were very costly machines which one tried to protect from dust or accidents . They were also very ungainly or even ugly to those unfamiliar with them, and getting them out of sight was useful for aesthetic reasons. Therefore early typewriter desks often had some method for hiding the typewriter or getting it out of the way within the desk, sometimes by swivelling it or turning it. After World War I typewriters gradually became less costly and the typewriter desk was more or less standardised in two forms One was a small mobile desk incorporating four wheels with brakes, the other was an L shaped desk with a normal height section for reading and handwriting and a lower section for the typewriter. See also the list of desk forms and types . DEFAULTSORT Typewriter Desk Category Desks ... more details
Notability date July 2011 Unreferenced date December 2009 Expensive Typewriter was a text editing program that ran on the DEC PDP 1 computer that had been recently delivered at MIT . Since it could drive an IBM Selectric typewriter a letter quality printer , it may be considered the first word processing program, although it was not WYSIWYG , having no cathode ray tube CRT display. It was written and improved between 1961 and 1962 by Steve Piner and L. Peter Deutsch . In the spirit of an earlier editor, named Colossal Typewriter , it was called Expensive Typewriter because at the time the PDP 1 cost a lot of money approximately 100,000 USD . See also PDP 1 Expensive Desk Calculator Expensive Planetarium Expensive Tape Recorder Text Editor and Corrector RUNOFF TJ 2 Text editor stub WordProcessor stub Category Word processors Category History of software da Expensive Typewriter es Expensive Typewriter ... more details
Lithuanian Typewriter may refer to A fictional sexual activity in The Curious Sofa by Edward Gorey The ERTY keyboard layout see International QWERTY keyboards Lithuanian disambig ... more details
refimprove date June 2009 file MINGKWAI.jpg thumb Ming Kwai Typewriter file Chinese typewriter.jpg thumb A Chinese typewriter produced by Shuangge , with 2,450 keys The Chinese typewriter is an electromechanical typewriter invented and patented by Dr. Lin Yutang . The patent, No. 2613795, was filed on April 17, 1946 by Lin, and was issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office on October 14, 1952. One of Lin s intentions was to help modernize China. The typewriter was called MingKwai Lin promoted it as The Only Chinese Typewriter Designed for Everybody s Use . Ming kwai zh c p m ngku i w ming k uai means clear and quick . History Lin had a prototype machine custom built by the Carl E. Krum Company, a small engineering design consulting firm with an office in New York City. That multilingual typewriter was the size of a conventional office typewriter of the 1940s. It measured ... title How it Works The Chinese Typewriter first Charlie last Sorrel year 2009 publisher wired.com url ... s computer function key . The typewriter could create 90,000 distinct characters using either one ... of the typewriter was the system Lin devised for a Chinese alphabet. It had thirty geometric shapes ... writing and categorizing of Chinese characters, inventing a new way of seeing and categorizing. The typewriter ... the machine to executives of the Remington Typewriter Company , they could not make ... Service and went to work in Paris for UNESCO . Patents US patent 2613795 US2,613,795 Chinese Typewriter , Lin Yutang See also Japanese typewriter Notes refs References refbegin Bliven, Bruce Jr. The Wonderful Writing Machine . New York Random House, 1954. Chinese Typewriter A Real Character Study ... 1548 Chinese Typewriter , Language Log http thechinabeat.blogspot.com 2009 05 chinese typewriter.html The Chinese Typewriter , The China Beat http www.wired.com gadgetlab 2009 02 how it works ch How it Works The Chinese Typewriter , Wired magazine technology stub Category Typewriters zh ... more details
Infobox font name American Typewriter image American typewriter typeface spec.svg style serif classifications Old style creator Joel Kaden and Tony Stan creationdate 1974 ref cite web title MyFonts url http new.myfonts.com fonts adobe itc american typewriter work publisher date Dec 3, 2007 accessdate 2009 09 28 ref foundry International Typeface Corporation ITC , published by Adobe Systems Adobe , Apple Inc. Apple and Mergenthaler Linotype Company Linotype ref cite web title Identifont url http www.identifont.com find?font American typewriter&q Go work publisher date accessdate 2009 09 28 ref ref cite web title Typedia url http typedia.com explore typeface itc american typewriter work publisher date accessdate 2009 11 04 ref aka ITC American typewriter based on Christopher Sholes Sholes s 1868 typewriter patent American Typewriter is a style of typeface created in 1974 by Joel Kaden and Tony Stan for International Typeface Corporation based on the form and Monospaced font monospaced feature of the early Christopher Sholes Sholes s patent of the typewriter . They adapted the friendliness and immediacy of this style into the proportionally spaced font. This face was never made as foundry type, but appeared first as cold type and has subsequently been made into digital type. This typeface can be used for business communication correspondence or any other place in which an old fashioned style is required. The A faces are identical to the regular ones, except for alternate versions of the following characters &, , R, e. The typewriter was patented in 1868 by Christopher Latham Sholes , who sold his rights to the Remington Arms Company in 1873. The first typewriters were initially thought to be replacements for printing and so typewriter keybars utilized printing types. Monospaced ... be produced wholsale. See also Sholes and Glidden typewriter References reflist Typography terms ... Category virtual typefaces is American Typewriter ... more details
Image Blickensderfer typewriter.jpg thumb A Blickensderfer 5 typewriter The Blickensderfer Typewriter was designed by George C Blickensderfer 1850 1917 in 1893. It was originally intended to compete with Remington Typewriter Company Remington desk typewriter s, but ended up being known for its portability. Blickensderfer s typewriter contained only 250 parts compared to the 2,500 parts of a standard typewriter. It was much smaller, lighter, and cheaper than other typewriters. It also featured a type wheel that was easily removed to change the typeface . Another feature of the Blickensderfer Typewriter was its modified keyboard layout . The bottom row of keys contained the ETAOIN SHRDLU most commonly used letters , DHIATENSOR , to increase efficiency, a keyboard layout originally devised by James Bartlett Hammond to avoid the problems of typebars jamming that had caused Christopher Sholes to invent the QWERTY layout. ref cite book last Howells first John authorlink coauthors title The Management of Innovation and Technology publisher SAGE date 2005 location pages 73 74 url doi id isbn 076197024X ref The first known aluminum typewriter marketed as the Blickensderfer 6 or the Featherweight Blick was made by Blickensderfer as was the first Typewriter Electric designs electric typewriter . The company s manufacturing plant was located in Stamford, Connecticut , and the typewriters were distributed worldwide. Models Model 4 The model 4 was a capitals only brother of the model 5, probably intended for use by telegraphers. It used a two row typewheel and a single shift for figures . Today it is very rare. Model 5 The first widely successful production model was the Blickensderfer ..., like the later typeball of the IBM Selectric typewriter , was easily removed, allowing users to select ... history of the Blickensderfer Typewriter publisher The Virtual Typewriter Museum date 2003 location pages url doi id isbn 90 74999 05 0 Keyboard layouts Typewriter Category Keyboard layouts ... more details
Infobox Software name Colossal Typewriter logo screenshot Image PDP 1.jpg 200px alt restored PDP 1 with monitor and keyboard caption DEC PDP 1 at the Computer History Museum author John McCarthy computer scientist John McCarthy and Roland Silver developer released 1960 latest release version latest release date latest preview version latest preview date operating system platform PDP 1 and possibly TX 0 language genre Text editor license website http www.computerhistory.org pdp 1 PDP 1 Restoration Project Colossal Typewriter by John McCarthy computer scientist John McCarthy and Roland Silver was one of the earliest computer text editor s. ref Eric Fischer 15 November 2000 . http groups.google.com group alt.folklore.computers msg ee505c7d0b1d0c1e Re emacs and other editors . alt.folklore.computers Google link . Retrieved on 24 June 2006 ref The program ran on the PDP 1 at Bolt, Beranek and Newman BBN by December 1960. ref name Fischer Eric Fischer 17 May 1999 . http www.as.wvu.edu 8000 clc projects cyhist Cyhist 201999 Cyhist 20May 201999 cyhist2.txt 201025 document view?month int 5&year int 2005 CYHIST Community Memory Discussion List on the History of Cyberspace . Fischer quotes a 1964 citation by William R. Nugent ref About this time, both authors were associated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology but it is unclear if the editor ran on the TX 0 on loan to MIT from Lincoln Laboratory or on the PDP 1 donated to MIT in 1961 by Digital Equipment Corporation . A Colossal Typewriter Program is in the BBN Program Library, ref name Fischer and, under the same name, in the DECUS Program Library as BBN 6 CT . ref DECUS number 71 June 1968 http www.bitsavers.org pdf dec decus programCatalogs DECUS PDP 1 PgmLibr Jun68.txt DECUS PDP 1 Program Library Catalog ref See also Expensive Typewriter Text Editor and Corrector TECO RUNOFF TJ 2 Notes reflist Category Text editors Category History of software text editor stub es Colossal Typewriter ... more details
shows Don Lancaster s TV typewriter. The TV Typewriter was a video terminal that could display 2 pages ... last Lancaster first Don title TV Typewriter journal Radio Electronics volume 44 issue 9 pages ... details. Radio Electronics sold thousands of copies for 2.00 each. The TV Typewriter is considered ... in 1973, when Radio Electronics published an article by Don Lancaster that described a TV Typewriter ... project was the TV Typewriter, designed by Don Lancaster and published in Radio Electronics in September ... display on a screen hitherto teletype was the standard output medium . TVT I Image TV Typewriter CHM.jpg thumb right Don Lancaster s prototype TV Typewriter Image TV Typewriter Kit 1.jpg thumb left Hobbyist built TV Typewriter Don Lancaster was an engineer at Goodyear Aerospace designing a high resolution ... most influential project, a low cost video terminal known as the TV Typewriter. The design used Transistor .... In the November issue, the editors apologized for the delays in shipping the TV Typewriter booklets ... for additional functions and uses for the TV Typewriter. ref name RE Nov 1973 cite journal last Editors title TV Typewriter Notes and Comments journal Radio Electronics volume 44 issue 11 pages pp ... had a page of corrections for the TV Typewriter booklet. ref name RE Dec 1973 cite journal last Lancaster first Don title TV Typewriter Corrections journal Radio Electronics volume 44 issue 12 pages ... the TV Typewriter a challenging project for hobbyists. But many finished the project and some even connected ... 6 pages of user modifications and interface designs to connect the TV Typewriter to Mark 8 or SCELBI ... 6 pages pp. 27 33 location Lompoc, CA date April 15, 1975 ref The original TV Typewriter design ... BYTE magazine and his TV Typewriter Cookbook. A serial interface board designed by Roger Smith ... first Roger date February 1975 title UART and Modem for TV Typewriter journal Radio Electronics volume ... EBCDIC . The TV Typewriter project and kit did not include a keyboard. The unit on the September ... more details
about an early typewriter a person who designs typefaces List of type designers File Typographer patent 1829.jpg 222px right center Burt s typographer patent 1829 The typographer , American s first typewriter ... gave Burt the full exclusive rights to his new typewriter machine for fourteen years, including vending ..., and founder of the Remington Typewriter Company , publicized the unhyphenated name typewriter . It became ... Fuller, pp. 188 189 ref Burt s typographer was eventually called a typewriter. ref Michigan history ... for the typewriter invention. ref name Fuller191 This could be due to the Patent Office fire in 1830 ... engineer Henry Mill for a typewriter, however he never built it. ref Kane, item 3585 ref This first ... Burt22 Christopher Latham Sholes is given credit for inventing the first practical typewriter. ref ... M. Jones mechanical Typographer 1852 , Thomas typograph 1854 , The Beach typewriter 1856 , The Francis Typewriter 1857 , The Hansen Machine 1865 , The Livermore Printing Device 1863 , Peeler Writing Machine 1866 , and The Sholes and Hidden Typewriter 1867 invented by three men C. Latham Sholes, Samuel ... Shorthand Association of Detroit recognized Burt as leader among typewriter inventors top ... Burt demo.jpg thumb Burt demonstrating his typewriter File W A Burt typographer.jpg thumb right center ... to be able to type the first letter ever written on a typewriter. Sheldon also took Burt s first ... about on March 13, 1830, on his second typographer typewriter he built. The typeface letters for this Patent ... 17, 1830 with suggested improvements who ultimately didn t have any further luck in marketing the typewriter ... File First letter on a typewriter 1829.jpg First letter ever typed on a typewriter done in 1829 ... USA , on May 25, 1829. It had been typed on the typographer, an early typewriter invented by William ... Machine, A History of the Typewriter George Allen & Unwin Ltd, 1973, ISBN 0 04 652004X Appleton, D ... Linnoff, Victor M., The Typewriter, an illustrated history , Dover Publications, 2000, ISBN 0 486 ... more details
Italic title Infobox Book name Typewriter in the Sky title orig translator image File Typewriter in the Sky.jpg ... followed by Final Blackout Typewriter in the Sky is a science fiction novel written by Scientology founder ... he hears the sounds of a typewriter in the sky. At the story s conclusion, de Wolf wonders ... re released the work along with an audio edition. Typewriter in the Sky was well received. The Philadelphia ... on a typewriter. ref name malko After electrocuting himself, Mike loses consciousness . ref name magill ... among colonists. ref name bauers When a major event occurs, Mike hears the sound of a typewriter ... else s story. ref name locus He muses whether or not there exists a typewriter in the sky , which is in effect ... malko Publication history Typewriter in the Sky was first published in 1940 as a two part serial in Unknown ..., Part 2 ref ref cite news last Hubbard first L. Ron title Typewriter in the Sky Part 1 of 2 work Unknown ... news last Hubbard first L. Ron title Typewriter in the Sky Part 2 of 2 work Unknown magazine Unknown ... L. Ron title Typewriter in the Sky and Fear publisher Gnome Press year 1951 location New York pages 265 ref and again in 1977 as Fear & Typewriter in the Sky , published by Popular Library. ref cite book last Hubbard first L. Ron title Fear & Typewriter in the Sky publisher Popular Library year 1977 ... title Typewriter in the Sky An Adventure in Time publisher Kemsley Newspapers Limited ref Typewriter ... cite book last Hubbard first L. Ron title Typewriter in the Sky publisher Bridge Publications Scientology ... Co. date October 19, 1995 ref In 2008 Heritage Auctions, Inc. valued a rare combined copy of Typewriter ... in The Houghton Mifflin Dictionary of Biography , Typewriter in the Sky and Slaves of Sleep are categorized ... 9780618252107 ref In his book The Witching Hour , author James Gunn author James Gunn placed Typewriter ... year 2003 page 2 isbn 0759222746 ref Francis Hamit of Daily News of Los Angeles characterized Typewriter ... that works including Typewriter in the Sky , Fear , and Slaves of Sleep moved Hubbard into the front ... more details
A typewriter ribbon is an expendable module serving the function of transferring pigment to paper in various devices for impact printer impact printing . Such ribbons were part of standard designs for hand or motor driven typewriter s, teleprinter s, stenotype machines, printer computing computer driven printer s and many mechanical calculator s, before electronic alternatives replaced most of them. The module consists of a length of a medium, either pigment impregnated woven ribbon or pigment coated polymer tape, and a transport mechanism involving two axles. At any given moment, most of the length of the medium is wound as a close spaced spiral around one axle or the other, tight enough for friction between turns to make it behave mostly like a solid cylinder. Rotation of the axles moves the ribbon or tape after each impact and usually aids in maintaining tension along the roughly straight line path of the medium between the axles. The module may itself include mechanisms that control the tension in the temporarily unwound portion of the medium. Reversing ribbons Woven typewriter ribbons were the earlier variant. With them, the pigment is an ink that dries on typing paper but not on the ribbon, and the ribbon is mounted at each end to a flange d reel whose hub engages with one of the axles. Only the axle onto which the ribbon is winding is driven, and the ribbon module is intended to work with an axle driving mechanism that reverses the direction of rotation when the undriven axle reaches the point where there is no ribbon left wound around it. Thus the full length of the ribbon shuttles back and forth between reels, and each position along it is struck twice in each cycle of the ribbon s motion once in the right to left phase and once in the left to right . An operator who judges a ribbon s ink supply to be depleted to a point of marginal acceptability typically manually ... reel. One time ribbons The IBM Selectric typewriter required ribbons of polymer tape and made them ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 The Story of My Typewriter is a little book, by Paul Auster , mostly with pictures by the painter Sam Messer about the author s old Olympia Werke Olympia typewriter. Auster bought the typewriter in 1972 from an old college friend who had owned it since 1962. Allegedly everything Auster has written since has been typed on it. The book was published in 2002. External links http www.amazon.com Story My Typewriter Paul Auster dp 1891024329 Amazon.com http search.barnesandnoble.com The Story of My Typewriter Paul Auster e 9781891024320 The Story of My Typewriter Overview DEFAULTSORT Story Of My Typewriter, The Category 2002 novels Category Books by Paul Auster 2000s novel stub pt A Hist ria da Minha M quina de Escrever ... more details
merge IBM Electric typewriter date February 2011 The IBM Electromatic typewriter was the first Typewriter electric typewriter to enjoy long term commercial success. Unlike the later IBM Selectric typewriter , this typewriter model used a conventional moving carriage and typebar mechanism. The history of the Electromatic goes back to 1924, when the North East Electric Company received Patent patent rights for the power roller from James Smathers. At that time, the company was selling electric motor s, and wanted to get into the typewriter business. They reached an arrangement with Remington Rand Remington , securing a contract for 2,500 machines in 1925. N. E. Electric manufactured the motor and power roller base. The typewriter portion was made by Remington, based on its model Number 12. Remington had to do little more than attach its typewriter to the base. All the units manufactured sold quickly and Remington wanted to continue the relationship. According to Darryl Rehr, in his 1997 book, Antique Typewriters & Office Collectibles , Remington claimed ... they could sell as many as N.E. Electric could produce. ref cite book title Antique Typewriters & Office Collectibles last Rehr first Darryl authorlink http home.earthlink.net dcrehr book book.html year 1997 publisher Collector Books isbn 9780891457572 ref The insistence of N.E. Electric on a contract , however, came at a time ... in 1929. After passing through the hands of General Motors , it became The Electromatic Typewriter ... External links cite web title IBM Electromatic Typewriter url http www 03.ibm.com ibm history exhibits vintage vintage 4506VV2240.html http www.etypewriters.com 01thumb.htm Model 01 IBM typewriter actual advertisements http www.etypewriters.com 1947 04.jpg Model 04 IBM typewriter actual advertisement http www.etypewriters.com remingtom.htm The origin of the Electromatic Typewriter Category IBM typewriters Electromatic typewriter ... more details
Image Imperial model B Cyrillic.jpg thumb right Imperial model B typewriter Imperial Typewriter Company was a former United Kingdom British manufacturer of typewriter s based in Leicester , England . The company was founded by Hidalgo Moya , an American Spanish engineer who lived in England. After first building the Moya typewriter, he set up the Imperial Typewriter Company in Leicester in the UK , they ceased manufacturing typewriters when personal computers became popular and people stopped buying typewriters. The company was acquired by Litton Industries in 1966 and the manufacture of typewriters ceased at Leicester in 1974. ref http web.archive.org web 20091028062514 http www.geocities.com wbd641 EuropeImperial2.html European Typewriters Britain Imperial 2 Bot generated title ref Models Imperial A Imperial B Imperial C Imperial D Imperial model 60 Imperial model 200 Imperial War Finish model The Good Companion model 1 The Good Companion model 2 The Good Companion model 3 The Good Companion model 4 The Good Companion model 5 Imperial Safari model Imperial Messenger Portable Typewriter References reflist External links http web.archive.org web 20091028060244 http www.geocities.com wbd641 EuropeImperial.html Typewriter UK company stub Category Typewriters Category Defunct manufacturing companies of the United Kingdom Category Companies based in Leicester ... more details
Infobox artwork image file Typewriter eraser.JPG painting alignment Left oblique image size 300px title Typewriter Eraser, Scale X alt other language 1 other title 1 other language 2 other title 2 artist Claes Oldenburg br Coosje van Bruggen year 1999 type sculpture height metric width metric length metric height imperial 227 1 4 width imperial 152 1 2 length imperial 136 diameter cm diameter inch city Washington, D.C. museum National Gallery of Art Sculpture Garden coordinates owner National Gallery of Art Typewriter Eraser, Scale X is a sculpture by Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen . ref http siris artinventories.si.edu ipac20 ipac.jsp?&profile all&source siartinventories&uri full 3100001 338960 0 focus Typewriter Eraser, Scale X, sculpture . SIRIS ref Constructed in 1999, it is located at the National Gallery of Art Sculpture Garden . ref http www.nga.gov feature sculpturegarden sculpture index.shtm ref ref http www.nga.gov feature sculpturegarden sculpture sculpture1 fs.shtm ref Other examples are also located at Seattle Art Museum Olympic Sculpture Park, ref http 365project.org seattle 365 2010 11 12 ref ref http virtualglobetrotting.com map typewriter eraser scale x ref ref http www.welovedc.com 2008 08 26 typewriter eraser scale x times two ref and CityCenter, Las Vegas metropolitan area Las Vegas . ref http www.ocregister.com articles citycenter 242514 hotel art.html?pic 8 ref ref http govegas.about.com od citycenter ig CityCenter Art Collection Typewriter Eraser.htm ref References Reflist External links http www.weta.org video individual Typewriter Eraser 2C Scale X Typewriter Eraser, Scale X , Janis Goodman, WETA coord missing Washington, D.C. DEFAULTSORT Typewriter Eraser, Scale X Category Sculptures in the United States Category 1999 works Category Collections of the National Gallery of Art Category Art in Washington, D.C. public art stub ... more details
thumb IBM Electric typewriter from the 1950s The IBM Electric typewriters were a series of electric typewriter s that IBM manufactured, starting in the mid 1930s. They used the conventional ... ibm history exhibits modelb modelb milestone.html title IBM typewriter milestones publisher IBM chapter IBM Archives Exhibits The IBM Model B typewriter accessdate 2010 05 26 ref IBM typewriters had ... Electric typewriter used as a printer. file IBM Electric Model A.jpg thumb IBM Electric Model A IBM ... in 1935 and became the first successful electric typewriter in the U.S., according to IBM. ref ... typewriter IBM Model 01 1935 align center IBM Model A 1949 align center IBM Model B 1954 align center ... , IBM 1620 , PDP 1 . The IBM Selectric typewriter , introduced in 1961, was easier to interface to a computer ... delayed the introduction of a typewriter model, the Executive , with this capability until 1944. Standard ... Henry, blockquote In 1944, IBM launched the Executive, a proportionally spaced typewriter. Characters on the Executive typewriter occupied between two and five units per grid cell, depending on the width .... The proportionally spaced typewriter immediately leaped to the apex of the world bureaucracy ..., there was absolutely no need to have it printed. ref Wilfred A. Beeching. Century of the Typewriter ... www 03.ibm.com ibm history exhibits modelb modelb intro.html The IBM Model B typewriter http www.etypewriters.com 01thumb.htm Model 01 IBM typewriter actual advertisements http www.etypewriters.com a thumb.htm Model A IBM typewriter actual advertisements http www.etypewriters.com b thumb.htm Model B IBM typewriter actual advertisements http www.etypewriters.com c thumb.htm Model C IBM typewriter actual advertisements http www.etypewriters.com d std.jpg Model D IBM Standard typewriter actual advertisement http www.etypewriters.com d exec.jpg Model D IBM Executive typewriter actual advertisement ... DEFAULTSORT Ibm Electric Typewriter Category IBM typewriters Electric typewriter Category IBM computer ... more details
Infobox company company name Underwood Typewriter Company company logo company type Private company genre ... founder area served industry Business machines products Typewriter s services revenue operating ... s Web Museum Olivetti Mechanical Calculators ref footnotes The Underwood Typewriter Company was a manufacturer of typewriter s headquartered in New York City , New York state New York . Underwood produced what is considered the first widely successful, modern typewriter. ref http www.antiquetypewriters.com ... typewriter.jpg thumb left Woman with an Underwood typewriter, c. 1918 From 1874 the Underwood family made typewriter ribbon and carbon paper , and were among a number of firms who produced these goods for Remington Typewriter Company Remington . When Remington decided to start producing ribbons themselves ... date November 2007 The original Underwood typewriter was invented by German American Franz Xaver Wagner ... and 1900, had Wagner Typewriter Co. printed on the back. Citation needed date November 2007 When the company was in its heyday as the world s largest typewriter manufacturer, its factory at Hartford ..., Underwood built the world s largest type writer in an attempt to promote itself. The typewriter was on display .... Often, Underwood would have a young woman sitting on each of the large keys. The enormous typewriter ..., New York, 2001. ref In December 1927 the Underwood Typewriter Co. merged with the Elliott Fischer ... in pop culture File Exterior Underwood Typewriter Company.jpg thumb right Underwood Typewriter ... typewriter. In the 1991 Coen brothers film Barton Fink , John Turturro s character Barton uses an Underwood typewriter in response to Jack Warner s comment that screenwriters are Schmucks with Underwoods ... was made with a stencil machine and an Underwood . An Underwood typewriter is featured on Fionn ... description of the typewriter s letters as an ode to the potential of words and potential of creationism ... typewriter is used by the main character in the 2001 musical film Moulin Rouge The main character ... more details
pp move indef About the typewriter manufacturer the tractor manufacturer Oliver Corporation Infobox company company name The Oliver Typewriter Company company logo File oliver typewriter.png 225px company ... author Brockman, Paul date April 9, 1999 accessdate 2007 11 11 ref area served industry Typewriter s products See Oliver Typewriter Company Typewriters Typewriters section services revenue operating income ... footnotes The Oliver Typewriter Company was an United States American typewriter manufacturer headquartered in Chicago , Illinois . The Oliver Typewriter was the first effective visible print typewriter ... in 1928. The company s assets were purchased by investors who formed The British Oliver Typewriter Company ... Oliver typewriter was produced in 1959. History File Thomas Oliver.jpg thumb upright Thomas Oliver ... mother, to serve as a Methodist minister. In 1888, Oliver began to develop his first typewriter ... of the Early Typewriter Collectors Association month February year 1989 pages 1, 4 5 format PDF accessdate 2007 11 11 ref He was awarded his first typewriter patent, US Patent No. 450,107, on April 7 ... the machine, Oliver encountered businessman Delavan Smith, who became interested in the typewriter ... and retained to continue development of the typewriter, at an annual salary of 3,000 ref cite web url ... Rehr, Darryl publisher ETCetera &ndash Magazine of the Early Typewriter Collectors Association month ... years The Oliver Typewriter Company had begun operating in 1895, with its headquarters on the ninth ... by the Wheeler and Tappan Company on the condition that the Oliver Typewriter Company remain there at least ... Design and Cost Considerations Clock, Watch, and Typewriter Manufacturing in the 19th century author ... the typewriter s 100 formatnum inflation US 100 1919 r 2 in CURRENTYEAR price by half ... the company s liquidation. ref name etc British Oliver Typewriter Company In 1928, the Oliver Typewriter Company was sold to investors who formed the British Oliver Typewriter Company in Croydon , England ... more details
Infobox company company name The Royal Typewriter Company company logo File Royal typewriter detail 2.JPG thumb center 220px Royal typewriter brand incorporating Litton Industries logo company type Private ... news nation articles 2007 11 07 last word on typewriter not written yet title Last word on typewriter ... modifies Headquarters origins key people area served industry Typewriter s products See Typewriters ... slogan homepage dissolved footnotes The Royal Typewriter Company was a manufacturer of typewriter s headquartered in New York City with its factory in Hartford, Connecticut . History The Royal Typewriter ... Royal typewriter, the Royal Standard, was sold. The Royal Standard was different from its competition .... In 1911, Royal introduced the Royal 5 typewriter which also utilized the flatbed design. Royal s first ... of typewriter ribbons and carbon paper. Royal entered the portable typewriter market in 1926 years ... the company to become the world s 1 selling typewriter brand. On October 9, 1926, the Hartford Daily Courant reported that Royal had just produced its one millionth typewriter. To promote the ruggedness ... and held over 140 patents relating to the typewriter. World War II brought tremendous change .... It wouldn t be until September 1945 that Royal would start typewriter production full time again ... Ernest Hemingway , used a Royal typewriter. Other typewriter manufacturers would utilize Royal s innovations ... & Corona. In February 1950, Royal introduced its first electric typewriter. Lewis C. Myers, one of the founders of the Royal Typewriter Company, died in Freeport, New York at the age of 84. Worldwide .... In April 1954, the Royal typewriter Company announced its plan to merge with McBee, a leading manufacturer ... it had just produced its 10 millionth typewriter. Congratulations were received from US Secretary .... Litton would change the name of Royal McBee back to Royal Typewriter and reorganize the company into five divisions Royal Typewriter, Roytype Consumer Products, Roytype Supplies, McBee Systems, and RMB ... more details
Infobox film name Shuzhendong Chinese Typewriter image caption imdb rating director Wan Laiming br Wan Guchan producer Wan Laiming br Wan Guchan writer starring music cinematography editing distributor released 1922 runtime Unknown country China language budget preceded by followed by mpaa rating tv rating Shuzhendong Chinese Typewriter zh s t p Sh zh ngd ng Hu w n D z j is the first Chinese animation ever made in 1922 by Wan Laiming and Wan Guchan . Translations There are 2 possible translations. The first translation is Comfortably Raised Eastern Chinese Typewriter , likely a generic marketing name. The second translation maybe Comfortable Zhendong Chinese Typewriter as in the town of Zhendong in the Binhai county located in the Jiangsu Province China province . Which happens to be directly north of Shanghai , where the pioneering Wan brothers were doing animation experiments at the time. History The black and white advertisement was created for the Shanghai Commercial Press . ref Travel Channel China. http www.tctc.com.cn 2005 laopian laopian tsgz.htm . Tieshangongzhufirst length cartoon. Retrieved on 2006 12 24. ref It was a printing establishment setup in 1902. By 1919 the Wan brothers were experimenting with animation technologies from the United States , and this commercial piece is the first known animation with a practical use outside their research. See also History of Chinese Animation Chinese Animation References Reflist External links http www.cnmdb.com title 48926 China Movie DB Category Chinese animated films Category Black and white films ... more details
File Sholesglidden2.png thumb alt A black typewriter decorated with ornate floral patterns sits affixed to an iron sewing machine stand with a treadle. The Sholes and Glidden typewriter as produced by E. Remington and Sons The Sholes and Glidden typewriter also known as the Remington No. 1 was the first commercially successful typewriter . Principally designed by the United States American inventor ... manufacturer seeking to diversify, Remington further refined the typewriter before finally placing it on the market on July 1, 1874. During its development, the typewriter evolved from a crude ... incorporated elements which became fundamental to typewriter design, including a cylindrical platen .... Initially, the typewriter received an unenthusiastic reception from the public. Lack of an established ... and its contemporaries soon became common office fixtures. The typewriter is credited with assisting ... and a kitchen table . ref Current 1949, p. 394 ref The Sholes and Glidden typewriter had its origin ... Typewriter Company File Remingtonfactory1874.png thumb alt A sprawling industrial complex with numerous ... of its factory to the typewriter, and spent several months retooling and re engineering the device production began in September and the machine entered the market on July 1, 1874. Typewriter ... 1976, p. 135 ref The typewriter, however, had been rushed into production with insufficient testing ... typewriter manufacturer, Remington maintained a monopoly position until the American Writing Machine Company introduced a typewriter to compete with the Remington machines in 1881. ref name ck26 ... the machines produced. ref name cortada17 The arrangement marked the beginning of the typewriter s commercial ... the Hammond Typewriter Company, the Crandall Type Writer Company and the Hall Typewriter Company in the decade since the introduction of the Sholes and Glidden, a thriving typewriter industry had developed. ref name cortada17 Design File Sholesgliddenpatentside.png thumb alt A side view of a typewriter ... more details
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