Digital typography is the Typography arrangement of type using computers . See also Typography Computer font Web typography Desktop publishing Font rasterization computer stub Category Digital typography ... more details
Orphan date December 2011 Temporal typography is typography that appears to move or change over time. It normally appears in screen based Mass media media , and in particular title sequences, Television station TV station Station identification idents , and advertising . Category Typography typ stub ... more details
ref improve date October 2011 Kinetic typography the technical name for moving text is an animation technique ... Early feature films contained temporal typography, but this was largely static text, presented sequentially ... to feature typography that was truly kinetic. Scholars recognize the first feature film to extensively use kinetic typography as Alfred Hitchcock s North by Northwest 1959 . This film s opening title ... Since then, the use of kinetic typography has become commonplace in film introductory titles and television ... of movement in temporal typography. It is necessary to make this distinction in order to classify kinetic typography in ways that acknolwedge their difference to static type which may share properties of form, but not kinetic behaviours . Kinetic typography is therefore categorised according to behaviours or action, rather than appearance. In classification, kinetic typography is a form of temporal typographytypography that is presented over time . It is distinct from other forms of temporal typography including serial presentation , which involves the sequential presentation of still typographic compositions. Layouts Barbara Brownie s model of temporal typography divides kinetic typography into motion typography subdivided into scrolling typography , dynamic layout and fluid typography ref http journalhosting.org meccsa pgn index.php netknow article view 27 61 ref Motion typography ... from one another on a 2D plane, or in three dimensional space. Likewise, scrolling typography can scroll across the flat screen, or can appear to recede or advance. Fluid typography In fluid typography, letterforms change and evolve without necessarily changing location. Production Kinetic typography ... Motion . ref http kinetictypography.com 2 ways of communicating with kinetic typography ref ... channels kinetictypography Kinetic Typography Channel on Vimeo http www.artofthetitle.com The Art ... around the world, many of which feature kinetic typography http www.marcofolio.net video 15 stunning ... more details
An en is a typographic unit , half of the width of an em typography em . By definition, it is equivalent to half of the height of the font e.g. in 16 point typography point type it is 8 points . As its name suggests, it is also traditionally the width of a lowercase letter n . The Dash En dash en dash and en space punctuation space are each one en wide. In English, the en dash is commonly used for inclusive ranges e.g., pages 12 17 or August 7, 1988 November 26, 2005 , and increasingly to replace the long dash Citation needed date August 2010 . Note that when using it to replace a long dash, spaces are needed either side of it like so. See also Dash Em typography x height Typography terms DEFAULTSORT En Typography Category Typography de Halbgeviert it En tipografia sr ... more details
Measure or sometimes The Measure in typography refers to the width of a block or Column typography column of text from the left Margin typography margin to the right margin. Punctuation should preferably Hanging punctuation hang outside the measure. It is relative to each design , but can be used as a unit of measurement within that design to create unity and harmony. The measure of a text influences legibility. Long lines are hard to read, short lines are more easily read. 45 75 characters per line are regarded as the ideal range for the measure. For multiple column setups, 40 50 characters are often preferred. 66 is sometimes considered ideal for one column setups. Generally, if the measure is wide, the leading of a text should be increased if the measure is short, it is can safely be decreased. Reverse text, i.e. white text on black also requires more leading. ref http webtypography.net Rhythm and Proportion Horizontal Motion 2.1.2 ref ref http www.markboulton.co.uk journal comments five simple steps to better typography ref The measure or the length of a legible line is the length of the alphabet Caps, Lowercase and Numerals of a typeface of a size being used. References Reflist Typography terms DEFAULTSORT Measure Typography Category Page layout ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Unit of length name cicero m .0045 accuracy 4 A cicero IPAc en icon s s r o is a unit of measure used in typography in Italy , France and other continental Europe an countries, first used by Arnold Pannartz and Konrad Sweynheim Pannartz and Sweynheim in 1468 for the edition of Cicero s Epistles, Ad Familiares . The font size thus acquired the name cicero . It is Frac 6 of the historical French inch , and is divided into 12 points, known in English as French points or Point typography Didot Didot point s. The measure term cicero is thus used similarly to an English Pica typography pica , although the French inch was slightly larger than the English inch there are about 1.063 picas to a cicero. Cicero and the points derived from cicero was used in the lead days of typography in continental Europe. Nowadays all computers use pica and the points derived from pica as font size measurement alongside with millimeters dubious date February 2012 this is certainly untrue in US typography, where mm are unused. for the line length, and paper size measurement. Cicero 4.5 mm. Pica 4.23333333 mm. Typography terms DEFAULTSORT Cicero typography Category Typography Category Units of length ca C cero cs Cicero typografie da Cicero typografi de Cicero Ma es C cero unidad ko it Cicero unit di misura kk hu Cicer m rt kegys g pl Cycero pt C cero medida tipogr fica ru sv Cicero m tt uk ... more details
Modern Typography was a reaction against the perceived decadence of typography and design of the late ... Bayer , Laszlo Moholy Nagy , El Lissitzky and others. Design concept Modern typography reflected ... Press, 1968. ref Jan Tschichold codified the principles of modern typography in his 1928 book, New Typography . He later repudiated the philosophy he espoused in this book as being fascistic, but it remained very influential. Typeface The hallmark of early modern typography is the sans serif ... and easy reading. ref Kibbee, W Modern Trends in Typography , The American Journal of Economics ... ref Objective The Modern typography states as its first objective to develop its visible ..., form must be created out of function. Only then can we achieve typography that expresses the spirit ... sequence of the contents. ref Tschichold, J. translated by McLean, R The New Typography A Handbook ... in modern typography is definitely toward simplicity and legibility, employing forms that comply ... in Typography , The American Journal of Economics and Sociology , page 219. 1948. Available online ... wrote a famous article about rules for typography in modern print in 1932. According to her everything ... on Typography , page 91. World Publishing, 1956. ref To make a good choice of typography, for modernist ... Designers in London. Later published in The Crystal Goblet Sixteen Essays on Typography , page ... simplicity of Bauhaus, Constructivism art Constructivism , Futurism and their claim that typography, like architecture , must be functional. See also Pioneers of Modern Typography Kurt Schwitters ... by McLean, Ruari, 1925 , The New Typography A Handbook for Modern Designers , University of California ... Goblet Sixteen Essays on Typography , Cleveland and New York World Publishing 1956 . Zelman, Stephanie ... onepage&q &f false Pioneers of modern typography By Herbert Spencer , Google books http books.google.ca ... &f false The New Typography A Handbook for Modern Designers By Jan Tschichold , Google books http ... more details
Image Typography Line Terms.svg thumb 390px The ascenders are the parts of minuscule characters that lie above the midline. In typography , an ascender is the portion of a Lower case minuscule grapheme letter in a Latin derived alphabet that extends above the mean line of a typeface font . That is, the part of a lower case letter that is taller than the font s x height . Ascenders, together with descenders , increase the recognizability of words. For this reason, British road signs no longer use all capital letters . ref Cite book last Sampson first Geoffrey title Writing Systems A linguistic introduction pages 94 95 location Stanford, California publisher Stanford University Press year 1985 isbn 0804712549 ref Studies made at the start of the construction of the British motorway network concluded that mixed case letters were much easier to read than all caps and a special font was designed for motorway signs. These then became universal across the U.K. See Road signs in the United Kingdom . References reflist Typography terms Category Typography THIS IS NOT A STUB, BUT A SHORT ARTICLE. DO NOT ADD A STUB MESSAGE. ca Asta ascendent cs P smov osnova de Liniensystem Typografie es Asta ascendente it Tratto ascendente nl Stokletter sr sv verh ng zh ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Image swash.png thumbnail right Swashes marked with red color. Image Regular italic swash cap.png thumbnail Minion Pro in capital letters in regular 1 , italic 2 and swash 3 style. A swash is a typography typographical flourish on a glyph , like an exaggerated serif . Capital swash Character symbol characters , which extended to the left, were historically often used to begin sentences. There were also Lower case minuscule swash characters, which came either extending to the left, to begin words, or to the right to end them. They were used in former times to help fit the text to the line, instead of spaces of varying widths Justification typesetting justification . Some of the characters in typographical ligature ligatures were called swash characters, even though they did not protrude to the space on either side of the piece of type, such as the tail of a capital Q passing under its succeeding u . Similarly the tail of a swash g would extend to the left beneath a number of preceding letters limited by the set of ligatures the typographer chose for the set. File Zapfino.svg thumb left Flamboyant swashes in the Zapfino typeface Typography terms DEFAULTSORT Swash Typography Category Typography fr Lettre orn e it Svolazzo nl Sierkapitaal sv Swash ... more details
File Typography Line Terms.svg thumb 400px Overshoot is the degree that capital letters go below the baseline or above the cap height, and lowercase letters go below the baseline or above the mean line. In type design typeface design , the overshoot of a round or pointed letter like O or A is the degree to which it extends higher or lower than a comparably sized flat letter like X or H , to achieve an optical effect of being the same size. Formally, it is the degree to which capital letters go below the Baseline typography baseline or above the cap height , or to which a lowercase letter goes below the baseline or above the x height . For example, the highest and lowest extent of the capital O will typically exceed those of the capital X . Although the extent of overshoot varies depending on the design and the designer, perhaps 1 to 3 of the cap or x height is typical for O . Peter Karow s Digital Formats for Typefaces recommends 3 for O and 5 for A . ref http pfaedit.sourceforge.net glossary.html overshoot Typographical glossary Overshoot ref ref Peter Karow s Digital Formats for Typefaces, p. 26 ref Similar design Similar subtle adjustments to create an even appearance occur in other fields. For example, in the Go game game of go , the Go game Stones stones , which are black and white, are of slightly different sizes black slightly larger , to give the appearance of being the same size. References reflist Category TypographyTypography terms typ stub ... more details
Image Counter typography.png thumb The counter of the letter p shown in red In typography , a counter or aperture is an area entirely or partially enclosed by a letter form or a symbol the counter space the hole of . ref cite book last1 Maxymuk first1 John title Using desktop publishing to create newsletters, handouts, and Web pages trans title url http books.google.com books?ei Py1jSuyoH4nAzQT 1rn1CA&id 1cyy76 taU4C&dq typography counter&q counter format Google books snippet view accessdate July 19, 2009 year 1997 page 33 quote Counter is the white space center of enclosed letters like Bb, Dd, Pp. publisher Neal Schuman isbn 9781555702656 ref ref cite book last1 Narang first1 Sumita authorlink1 last2 first2 editor1 first editor1 last editor1 link others title Designing Websites According to the Ancient Science of Directions url http books.google.com books?id zVUCxdx7QYcC&pg PA74&dq typography counter aperture&as brr 3&ei HS5jSsXAMpnCzgTk7OyuDQ format Google books limited prview accessdate July 19, 2009 edition series volume date year 2006 publisher Smita Jain Narang location language isbn 9788120730717 page 74 quote Open space in a letter is called the counter or the aperture. ref Letters containing closed counters include A, B, D, O, P, Q, R, a, b, d, e, g, o, p, and q. Letters containing open counters include c, f, h, i, s etc. The digits 0, 4, 6, 8, and 9 also possess a counter. See also Figure space Thin space Paren space References Reflist typ stub Category Typography Category Whitespace Typography terms Other languages de Punze Typografie fr Contreforme ... more details
H. Lockwood , p. 436 See also Point typographyTypography terms DEFAULTSORT Pica Typography Category Typography Category Units of length nl Pica typografie pt Paica es Pica tipograf a sv Pica m tt ... more details
About typography other uses Baseline disambiguation Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 File Typography Line Terms.svg right 410px In European and West Asian typography and penmanship , the baseline is the line upon which most letters sit and below which descender s extend. In the example to the right, the letter p has a descender the other letters sit on the red baseline. Most, though not all, typeface s are similar in the following ways as regards the baseline Majuscule capital letters sit on the baseline. The most common exceptions are the J and Q. Lining figures see Arabic numerals sit on the baseline. The following text figures have descenders 3 4 5 7 9. The following Lower case lowercase letters have descenders g j p q y. Glyphs with rounded lower and upper extents 0 3 6 8 c C G J o O Q dip very slightly below the baseline overshoot to create the optical illusion that they sit on the baseline, and rise above the x height or capital height to create the illusion that they have the same height as flat glyphs such as those for H x X 1 5 7 . Peter Karow s Digital Typefaces suggests that typical overshoot is about 1.5 . The vertical distance of the base lines of consecutive lines in a paragraph is also known as line height or leading , although the latter can also refer to the baseline distance minus the font size. North Indian scripts have a characteristic hanging baseline the letters are aligned to the top of the writing line, marked by an overbar, with diacritics extending above the baseline. East Asian scripts have no baseline each glyph sits in a square box, with neither ascenders nor descenders. When mixed with scripts with a low baseline, East Asian characters should be set so that the bottom of the character is between the baseline and the descender height. See also Overshoot typography Overshoot Typography terms DEFAULTSORT Baseline Typography Category Typography Category Penmanship Category Article Feedback 5 Typ stub de Schriftlinie es L nea de ... more details
mergeto Book design Page spread date July 2010 Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In page layout and typography, a spread often redundantly called a two page spread is the unit formed by two adjacent, facing page paper pages in a magazine or other publication, featuring a single image such as a photograph or piece of artwork or a themed group of images such as a flowchart or collection of map s . The line down the middle where the pages come together is called the gutter. See also Centerfold Center spread A spread in the center of a magazine, where the two pages are one physical piece of paper. Gatefold or foldout A page which folds out beyond the edges of the publication. Gatefolds and foldouts are frequently, but not necessarily, center spreads. Comics vocabulary Splash page Splash page DEFAULTSORT Spread Typography Category Page layout Category Article Feedback 5 Publish stub pl Strony widz ce ... more details
Image Two column layout.png thumb An example of a two column layout with caption. In typography , a column is one or more vertical blocks of content media and publishing content positioned on a page, separated by gutters and or rule typography rule s. Columns are most commonly used to break up large bodies of text that cannot fit in a single block of text on a page. Additionally, columns are used to improve page composition and readability. Newspapers very frequently use complex multi column layouts to break up different stories and longer bodies of texts within a story. Column can also more generally refer to the vertical delineations created by a typographic grid system which type and image may be positioned. Typographic style For best legibility, typographic manuals suggest that columns should contain roughly 60 characters per line. ref Carter, 1993. p. 91 ref One formula suggests multiplying the point typography point size of the font by 2 to reach how wide a column should be in Pica typography pica s ref For example, a 9pt font size would require a 18 pica column width. ref in effect a column width of 24 em typography em s. Following these guidelines usually results in multiple narrow columns being favored over a single wide column. ref Romano, 1984. pp. 86 87 ref Historically, books containing predominantly text generally have around 40 lines per column. However, this rule of thumb does not apply to more complex text that contain multiple images or illustrations, footnotes, running heads, folios, and captions. ref Haslam, 2005. p. 140 ref Column contrast refers to the overall color or greyness established by the column, and can be adjusted in a number of ways. One way is to adjust the relationship between the width and height of the column. Another ... and Typography publisher Watson Guptill location New York, N.Y year 2005 pages 140 isbn 0 8230 5528 0 Romano, Frank J. The TypeEncyclopedia . R.R. Bowker Company 1984. pp. 86 86. Typography terms ... more details
An em is a typographic unit unit of measurement in the field of typography , equal to the currently specified point size. The name of em is related to M . Originally the unit was derived from the width of the capital M in the given typeface . ref name adobe This unit of measurement unit is the same for all fonts at a given point size. ref cite book title The Elements of Typographic Style last Bringhurst first Robert year 1992 publisher Hartley & Marks location Vancouver, British Columbia Vancouver, BC isbn 9780881790337 oclc 25411784 pages 25 26 ref 1 em in a 16 point typography point typeface is 16 points. Typographic measurements using this unit are frequently expressed in decimal notation, e.g., .7 em, or as fractions of 100 or 1000, e.g. 70 100 em or 700 1000 em. History In metal type, the point size and hence the em is measured as the height of the metal body from which the letter rises. In metal type possible overhangs aside , the physical size of a letter could not normally exceed the em. In digital type, the em is a grid of arbitrary resolution that is used as the design space of a digital font. Imaging systems, whether for screen or for print, work by scaling the em to a specified point size. In digital type, the relationship of the height of particular letters to the em is arbitrarily set by the typeface designer. However, as a very rough guideline, an average font might have a cap height of 70 of the em, and an x height of 48 of the em. Citation needed date September 2010 Incorrect and alternative definitions Image M versus em.svg thumb left The letter ... or point typography points . Related terms An em quad is a metal spacer used in printing press es. It is referred ... en typography en is half an em. See also En typography Dash Em dash Em dash Typeface Dots per inch Computer ... unit.htm Search for origin Typography terms DEFAULTSORT Em Typography Category Display technology Category Typography Category Units of length ca Quadrat cs tver k de Geviert Typografie es Cuadrat n ... more details
break is sometimes accompanied by an Asterism typography asterism either proper Unicode or manual , a horizontal rule, fleuron typography fleuron s, or by other ornamental symbols. An ornamental symbol ... more details
Hatnote Point , in typography, may also refer to a dot grapheme e.g. full stop Interpunct as in the expression, decimal point . For non typographical uses, see Point disambiguation . TOCright In typography , a point is the smallest Typographic unit unit of measure, being a subdivision of the larger Pica typography pica . It is commonly abbreviated as pt. The point has long been the usual unit for measuring typeface font size and leading and other minute items on a printed page. The original printer s point, from the era of foundry metal typesetting and Printing press letter press printing , varied between 0.18 and 0.4 Milimeter mm depending on various definitions of the foot. By the end of the 19th Century, it had settled to around 0.35 to 0.38 mm, depending on one s geographical location. In the late 1980s to the 1990s, the traditional point was supplanted by the desktop publishing point also called the PostScript point , which was defined as 72 points to the inch 1 point frac 1 72 inches frac 25.4 72 mm 0.352 overline 7 mm . In either system, there are 12 points to the pica. In metal type, the point size of the font described the size height of the metal body on which the typeface s characters were cast. In digital type, the body is now an imaginary design space, but is used as the basis from which the type is scaled see em typography em . A measurement in picas is usually represented by placing a lower case p after the number, such as 10p meaning 10 picas ... of Simon s 1963 Introduction to Typography, type styles such as, Fournier, Plantin and Imprint ... 4.5 pt Diamond 5 pt Pearl 5 pt Agate typography Agate US , Ruby Brit. 6 pt Nonpareille 6 pt ... 12 pt Pica typography Pica 14 pt English , Mittel or Augustin 16 pt Columbian US , Two line Brevier ... size is being referred to. See also Pica typography References references External links http ... on the story of the typographical point Typography terms Category Typography Category Units of length ... more details
cite book title The Complete Manual of Typography last1 Felici first1 James year 2003 publisher Peachpit ... 2880468221.pdf title What is Typography? author Jury, David year 2009 work publisher Rotovision accessdate ... Press location Berkeley, CA isbn 0201782634 nopp 96 ref Wil03 refend Typography terms DEFAULTSORT River Typography Category Typography cs eka typografie de Gie bach Typografie fr L zarde imprimerie it Canaletto ... more details
File Margins.svg thumb A diagram displaying equal margins of width 25mm on an A4 page. In typography , a margin is the space that surrounds the content of a page. ref http www.adobe.com eeurope type topics glossary.html margin Adobe Fonts Type topics Glossary . Adobe.com. Retrieved on 2010 12 30. ref The margin helps to define where a line of text begins and ends. When a page is Justification typesetting justified the text is spread out to be flush with the left and right margins. When two pages of content are combined next to each other known as a two page spread , the space between the two pages is known as the gutter . ref http whatstype.com terms terms 00.html Typographic Terms . Whatstype.com. Retrieved on 2010 12 30. ref The default margins for Microsoft Word from version 2007 onward have been 1 inch all around until Word 2003, the top and bottom margins were 1 inch, but 1.25 inches were given at the left and the right. ref http www.metricationmatters.com docs PageBordersInchesORmillimetres.pdf Page borders inches or millimetres? ref ref http www.labnol.org software tutorials default print margins microsoft word climate enviroment 2318 Default Print Margin in Word Documents and our Environment . Labnol.org 2008 02 14 . Retrieved on 2010 12 30. ref OpenOffice.org Writer has 0.79 inch 2 cm all around. ref http csclub.stthomas.edu ooomargins Setting an OpenOffice.org template for MS Word default margins UST Computer Science Club . Csclub.stthomas.edu 2006 11 20 . Retrieved on 2010 12 30. ref LaTeX varies the width of its margins depending on the document size and font size used but it tries to adjust the margins for optimum readability approximately 66 characters per line which sometimes results in fairly large margins. ref http kb.mit.edu confluence pages viewpage.action?pageId 3907057 How can I change the margins in LaTeX? Hermes . Kb.mit.edu 2010 12 15 . Retrieved .... ref See also Marginalia References Reflist Typography terms Category Page layout typ stub ar da ... more details
, Opera 10 and Mozilla Firefox 3.5 . This has subsequently increased interest in Web typography, as well ... formats is expected to increase. File formats main Comparison of layout engines Web Typography By using ... geek meet web typography and sifr 3 15 title Geek Meet Web Typography and sIFR 3 Slide 15 and 16 ... Web typography applies to SVG in two ways All versions of the SVG 1.1 specification, including the Scalable .... ref citation url http blogs.msdn.com b ie archive 2010 07 15 the css corner better web typography for better design.aspx title The CSS Corner Better Web Typography For Better Design date 2010 07 15 publisher ... TR CSS2 fonts.html font descriptions Font Descriptions and font face http www.microsoft.com typography ... Brown, A List Apart, Nov. 17, 2009 http www.alistapart.com articles on web typography On Web Typography ... Library Typography terms DEFAULTSORT Web Typography Category Digital typography Category Web design ... more details
Image halmos.png frame right Various forms of the end of proof symbol The tombstone , halmos , or end of proof mark Unicode is used in mathematics to denote the end of a Mathematical proof proof , in place of the traditional abbreviation QED for the Latin phrase Q.E.D. quod erat demonstrandum Q.E.D. . In magazines, it is one of the various symbols used to indicate the end of an article. In Unicode , it is represented as character U 220E End of Proof . Its graphic form varies. It may be a hollow or filled rectangle or square. In AMS LaTeX , the symbol is automatically appended at the end of a proof environment tt begin proof tt ... tt end proof tt . It can also be obtained from the commands tt qedsymbol tt or tt qed tt the latter causes the symbol to be right aligned . br clear right It is sometimes called a halmos after the mathematician Paul Halmos , who first used it in mathematical context. He got the idea of using it from seeing it was being used to indicate the end of articles in magazine s. In his memoir I Want to Be a Mathematician he wrote the following ref Paul R. Halmos, I Want to Be a Mathematician An Automathography , 1985, p. 403. ref cquote The symbol is definitely not my invention it appeared in popular magazines not mathematical ones before I adopted it, but, once again, I seem to have introduced it into mathematics. It is the symbol that sometimes looks like , and is used to indicate an end, usually the end of a proof. It is most frequently called the tombstone , but at least one generous author referred to it as the halmos . See also Bourbaki dangerous bend symbol End of file End of transmission character Q.E.D. Notes references References Citation last Miller first Jeff author link title Earliest Uses of Symbols of Set Theory and Logic date September 29, 2007 year 2007 url http jeff560.tripod.com set.html accessdate June 26, 2010 typ stub Category Typography Tombstone Category Mathematical symbols Category Mathematical proofs pl Znak ko ca do ... more details
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