taxobox regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Monocots unranked ordo Commelinids ordo Commelinales familia Commelinaceae genus Tradescantia species T. ozarkana binomial Tradescantia ozarkana binomial authority Edgar Anderson E. S. Anderson & Robert E. Woodson Woodson Tradescantia ozarkana is a species of Tradescantia . It is part of the Commelinaceae family. ref name MPlants http www.missouriplants.com Whitealt Tradescantia ozarkana page.html ref Stems The stems can grow to over 50cm tall. They grow from thickened roots and are characterized as herbaceous, typically glabrous but occasionally hirsute. The stems are glaucous and somewhat succulent . ref name MPlants Leaves The leaves are alternate and sheathing at the base, growing up to 30cm long. Each leaf is about 4cm broad. The leaves are glaucous above and below less so above , glabrous , ciliate margined, and narrowly lanceolate . ref name MPlants Inflorescence Terminal, bracteate , Umbel umbellate cyme botany cyme s are found about the flowers. The pedicel botany pedicel s are about 3cm long, glandular Indumentum pilose , and strongly recurving in fruit. ref name MPlants Flowers The flowers have three petals which are white to pink or lilac. They are glabrous and broadly ovate, about 2cm long and forming broad, distinct shapes. Each flower has six stamen s. The filaments are 3mm long and are white, with dense multicellular hairs longer than the filament attached mostly to the lower half. The anther s are yellow and are 2mm broad and 1mm long. Style 1 they are glabrous and are 2 3mm long. clarify date October 2010 The ovaries are 3 locular one ovule per locule , with erect gland tipped hairs on the summit. They have three sepals and are ovate, acute and glandular pilose externally, glabrous internally. The sepals are about 8mm long and 4mm broad with free accrescent. ref name MPlants Flowering Tradescantia ozarkana flowers from April to May. ref name MPlants Habitat The plants can be foun ... more details
ATTENTION Please do NOT change spear to javelin on this article Gungnir is generally recognized as a spear and translated as a spear in most translations. Thank you. Image Odin Lawrie Highsmith.jpeg thumb right upright Lee Lawrie , Odin 1939 . Library of Congress John Adams Building , Washington, D.C. In Norse mythology , Gungnir Old Norse swaying one ref name ORCHARD67 Orchard 1997 67 . ref is the spear of the god Odin . Attestations Poetic Edda In the Poetic Edda poem V lusp , the sir Vanir War is described as officially starting when Odin throws a spear over the heads of an assembly of Vanir gods. Whether or not this was specifically Gungnir is, however, unstated. In Sigrdr fum l , the valkyrie Sigrdr fa advises Sigurd on the magical application of Runic alphabet Runes . She gives Sigurd advice and shares with him lore, including that runes were carved on the tip of Gungnir. Prose Edda According to chapter 51 of the Prose Edda book Gylfaginning , Odin will ride in front of the Einherjar while advancing on to the battle field at Ragnar k wearing a gold helmet, an impressive cloak of Mail armour mail and carrying Gungnir. He will then attack the wolf Fenrir with it. In Sk ldskaparm l , more information regarding the spear is presented. the spear was fashioned by the Dwarf Germanic mythology dwarfs known as the Sons of Ivaldi under the mastery of the blacksmith dwarf Dvalin . The spear was obtained from the dwarfs by Loki , the results of a scheme he concocted as a partial reparation for his cutting of the goddess Sif s hair. The spear is described as being so well balanced that it could strike any target, no matter the skill or strength of the wielder. Archaeological record If the rider on horseback on the image on the B ksta Runestone has been correctly identified as Odin, then Odin is shown carrying Gungnir hunting an elk. ref name SILEN88 91 Sil n 1993 88 91 . ref See also Bracteate G e Bulg Gae Bolga , the Irish legendary hero C Chulainn s similar magic spea ... more details
italic title unreferenced date November 2008 taxobox name E. siliculosum image image caption regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Rosids ordo Brassicales familia Brassicaceae genus Erysimum binomial Erysimum siliculosum binomial authority Marschall von Bieberstein de Candolle , 1821 Erysimum siliculosum is a biennial or perennial herb from Xinjiang , Kazakhstan , Russia , and Turkmenistan , reaching 30 90 100 cm tall. This species inhabits sandy areas and dunes from 400 to 1400 m of altitude. Description Erysimum siliculosum produced trichomes malpighiaceous throughout, mixed with 3 forked ones on calyx. Stems erect, often branched at base and above. Basal leaves rosulate, often persisting, petiolate leaf blade filiform to linear, rarely linear oblanceolate, 1.5 8 cm 1 2 5 mm, longitudinally folded, base narrowly attenuate, margin entire, apex acute. Cauline leaves similar to basal. Reproductive biology Erysimum siliculosum flowers from May to July, depending on the altitude. Racemes are corymbose, densely flowered, ebracteate or rarely lowermost few flowers bracteate, elongated considerably in fruit. Fruiting pedicels are ascending or divaricate ascending, 2 4 6 mm, stout, narrower than fruit. Sepals are oblong linear, 6 7 9 10 1 2 mm, united, persistent well after fruit maturity, strongly saccate. Petals are bright yellow, obovate or broadly spatulate, 1.1 1.4 1.8 2 cm 5 8 mm, apex rounded claw distinct, subequaling sepals. Filaments yellow, 6 10 mm anthers linear, 2 3 mm. Ovules 50 100 per ovary. Fruit are oblong to oblong linear, strongly 4 angled, slightly angustiseptate, 5 7 10 14 2 3 mm, smooth, erect and often appressed to rachis, straight valves with a prominent midvein and slightly winged keel, outside with transversely oriented malpighiaceous trichomes, inside glabrous style slender, 4 5 10 12 mm, cylindric stigma strongly 2 lobed, with lobes often divergent. Seeds are oblon ... more details
name TARRIN8 Tarrin 2006 8 . ref blockquote Archaeological record Image Bracteate from Funen, Denmark DR BR42 .jpg thumb A Bracteate Typology C type bracteate Alu runic DR BR42 DR BR42 featuring a figure ... by a serpent Migration Period 5th and 6th century AD gold bracteate s types A, B, and C feature ... more details
Snoldelev Stone from Rams , Denmark, and numerous Migration Period bracteate s. The swastika ... A number of bracteate s, with or without runic inscriptions, show a swastika. Most of these bracteates ... more details
Image Welschingen B.jpg thumb the Welschingen B bracteate IK 389 . Image Oberwerschen B bracteate.jpg thumb the Oberwerschen B bracteate IK 311 . Frijj Frigg Frija is the reconstructed name or epithet of a hypothetical Common Germanic love goddess , the most prominent female member of the Aesir Ansiwiz gods , and often identified as the spouse of the chief god, W danaz Woden Odin . Name The theonyms in West Germanic are Old English language Anglo Saxon Fr g , Old High German Fr ja , Low German Lower Saxony Frike, Freke Fru Freen, Fru Frien, Fru Freke, Fru Frick, Fuik, Frie ref The k isn t a reflex of Old Norse ggj as implied by Paul Hermann 1903 , but a diminutive, as it were Frija ke , Frea ke Elard Hugo Meyer, Mythologie der Germanen 1903 . ref and Lombardic language Lombardic Frea . The name of the Anglo Saxon goddess is attested only in the name of the weekday, although fr g strong feminine as a common noun meaning love in the singular or affections, embraces in the plural is attested in poetry. ref OED s.v. Friday . ref The name Frijj Old Norse Frigg , Old High German Fr ja ultimately derives from PIE prih y a h , cognate to Sanskrit priya dear, beloved , ref Wodtko et al., Nomina im Indogermanischen Lexikon , Heidelberg 2008 ISBN 978 3 8253 5359 9, s.v. preyH , pp. 568 573. ref which however in Germanic split into two etymons, one covering the semantic field of love, courtship, friendship English wikt friend friend , the other the field of freedom English wikt free free . ref Gothic frij n translates , to love . Anglo Saxon freogan , freon Old Saxon friehan . Also cognate are the Germanic terms for friend . The Old High German verb frij n nubere, uxorem ducere , woo, to take a wife Modern German freien contrasts with frijan liberare . It is foreign to Upper German , and was probably adopted from Low German Deutsches W rterbuch Grimm . ref The weekday Friday in English is named after for the goddess Frigg Old English friged g . Friday in Old Norse ... more details
Infobox scientist name PAGENAME image Oscar Montelius by Emerik Stenberg, Ord&Bild1913.jpg image size 150px caption Oscar Montelius, painted by Emerik Stenberg Photo of painting from the Swedish periodical Ord & Bild 1913 birth date 9 September 1843 birth place Stockholm death date 4 November 1921 death place residence citizenship nationality Sweden Swedish ethnicity field archaeology work institutions alma mater doctoral advisor doctoral students known for seriation author abbrev bot author abbrev zoo influences influenced prizes religion footnotes signature Oscar Montelius 9 September 1843 Stockholm &ndash 4 November 1921 was a Sweden Swedish archaeologist who refined the concept of seriation archaeology seriation , a relative chronological dating method. Seriation is the procedure of working out a chronology by arranging material remains of a cultural tradition in the order that produces the most consistent patterning of their cultural traits. His impetus was at first to provide relative dates for artifacts in museum collections that often lacked rigorous records, by making comparisons with other artifacts within a comparable geographical area. Montelius method created a timeline specific to the location, based on material remains. Later, when combined with written historical references, objects could be provided absolute dates. He took the three age system Stone age , Bronze age , Iron age , originally devised by Christian J rgensen Thomsen to organize Denmark Danish museum collections of archaeological materials, and sub divided it further. He divided the Neolithic in Scandinavia into four numbered periods, I IV, and the Nordic Bronze Age into six I VI. He was the first to establish that the numerous Swedish petroglyph s were from the Nordic Bronze Age, by comparing axes portrayed in the petroglyphs with archaeological finds. Further he supported Thomsen s typology of gold bracteate s from the migration period. By taking calendrical dates from the recently deci ... more details
refimprove date September 2011 Image Tjurko bracteate replica.jpg 200px thumb Brass replica of the Tjurk Bracteate showing the name Walhaz Walhaz runic is a reconstructed Proto Germanic language Proto Germanic word, meaning foreigner , stranger , Roman , Romance speaker , or Celtic speaker . The term was used by the ancient Germanic peoples to describe inhabitants of the former Roman Empire , who were largely romanised and spoke Latin or Celtic languages. The adjectival form is attested in Old Norse valskr , meaning French , Old High German walhisk , meaning Romance , Modern German welsch , used in Switzerland for Romance languages Romance speakers, Old English welis , w lis , wilis , meaning Romano British , and Modern English Welsh people Welsh . The form of these words imply that they are descended from a Proto Germanic form walhiska . ref name Quak 2005 Arend Quak 2005 Van Ad Welschen naar Ad Waalsen of toch maar niet? , in http cf.hum.uva.nl dsp nederlandsetaalkunde NTKonderzoek quak.pdf Dutch language nl ref It is attested in the Roman Iron Age Tjurk Bracteate inscription as walhakurne Roman Gallic grain , apparently a kenning for gold referring to the bracteate itself . From Walhaz to welsch Walh is almost certainly derived from the name of the tribe which was known to the Romans as Volcae in the writings of Julius Caesar and to the Greeks as Ou lkai Strabo and Ptolemy . ref name Ringe 2009 Ringe, Don. http languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu nll ?p 1012 Inheritance versus lexical borrowing a case with decisive sound change evidence . Language Log, January 2009. ref This tribe occupied territory neighbouring that of the Germanic people and seem to have been referred to by the Old Germanic name Walhaz plural Walh z , adjectival form walhiska . It is assumed that this term specifically referred to the Celtic Volcae , because application of the first Grimm s Law Germanic sound change to that word produces the form Walh . Subsequently, this term Walh z was applied ... more details
taxobox regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperm s unranked classis Magnoliid s ordo Laurales familia Lauraceae genus Syndiclis genus authority Rohwer Syndiclis is a genus of plant in Lauraceae family, In East and South East Asia, From India and China to Indonesia with 12 species known. Overview It is a genus of aromatic plant sexuality dioecious evergreen hermaphrodite shrubs and trees occurring in Asia. About ten species in Bhutan and China nine species, all endemic in China. ref http www.efloras.org florataxon.aspx?flora id 2&taxon id 132084 ref The genus is characterized by an extremely rare combination of characters that have occurred in the species in its own distinct genus. There is little information regarding the species due to its scarcity. Characteristics They are evergreen monoecious shrubs and trees of 2.5 m to large trees to 45 m tall. Evergreen trees with lauroide leaves subopposite or alternate, or clustered at apex of branchlet, pinninerved. Panicle axillary, pedunculate, bracteate or ebracteate bracts and bracteoles subulate, minute, caducous. Small flowers bisexual, pedicellate, 2 merous. Perianth tube obconical perianth 4 or 5 or 6 lobes, broadly ovate triangular or transversely oblong, small perianth wholly deciduous. 4 or 5 or 6 fertile stamens, antitepalous, always exserted, hairy and glandular filaments short anthers broadly ovate, dilated, 2 celled or fused into 1 cell cells introrse. 4 small staminodes, linear or lanceolate, densely hairy, enveloping ovary in an arc when in bud. Ovary ovoid conical, glabrous, attenuate at apex into a style stigma is small. The fruit is a large berry, a drupe containing a single seed . The berry is globose or turbinate or oblate. The peduncle and pedicel is indistinctive when in fruit, all thickened after anthesis. Plants of Syndiclis have large oily fruits and the oil extracted is edible and is also used in industry. Ecology Evergreen endemic species of the tropical seasonal semi deciduous montane forest ... more details
inscription were found on the two Vadstena bracteate Vadstena and Mariedamm bracteates 6th century ... stone fu arkgw hnij pzs tbeml od The Grumpan bracteate presents a listing from 500 which ... script , much like the Germanic bracteate s were directly influenced by Roman currency, a view that is accepted ... life.org ref Image Brakteat Odin Runen.jpg thumb 300px Seeland II C bracteate, 500, hariuha haitika ... short inscriptions on jewellery bracteate s, fibula brooch fibula e, belt buckles , utensils ... runic Alu Seeland II C 500 Vadstena bracteate Tjurk bracteate Period II 550 700 Sk ng Runestone ... more details
. Bracteate inflorescences The bracts in the inflorescence are very specialised, sometimes ... is preferable. Leafy bracted inflorescences Intermediate between bracteate and leafy inflorescence ... sinensis Image Brakteose bebl tterung 2 inflorescence .svg Bracteate inflorescence. Image Pedicularis verticillata a3.jpg Bracteate inflorescence of Pedicularis verticillata . Image Frondobrakteose ... more details
taxobox name Bamboos image BambooKyoto.jpg image caption Bamboo forest in Kyoto , Japan regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Monocots unranked ordo Commelinids ordo Poales familia Poaceae subfamilia Bambusoideae subdivision ranks Genera subdivision See text. The Bambusoideae is a subfamily of the true grass family Poaceae , and is characterized by having 3 stigma botany stigma s and are mostly tree like. ref Judd, WS, CS Campbell, EA Kellogg, PF Stevens, MJ Donoghue eds. . 2008. Plant Systematics A Phylogenetic Approach, 296 301. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, Massachusetts USA. ref However, there are uncertainties at practically every taxonomic level within the Bambusoideae, and different types of data floral morphology, vegetative structures, anatomy, and genetics often result in support for differing relationships. The Bambusoideae generally consists of a distinct core group of genera, the woody bamboos Bambuseae and an associated group of genera of questionable affinity, the herbaceous bamboos Bambusoideae . The bamusoid taxa have long been considered the most primitive grasses, mostly because of the presence of bracteate , indeterminate inflorescences, pseudospikelets, and flowers with three lodicules , six stamens , and three stigmas. ref name Clark, LG 1995 Clark, LG, W Zhang, JF Wendel. 1995. A Phylogeny of the Grass Family Poaceae Based on ndhF Sequence Data. Systematic Botany 20 4 436 460. ref Taxonomy research File Bambusoideae World map.png thumb left Flora distribution map of the Poaceae subfamily Bambusoideae . In a recent study ref Clark et al., 1995 ref DNA sequences for the chloroplast gene ndhF were analyzed to address phylogenetic relationships among the major lineages of the Poaceae . They found that two tribes of neotropical herbaceous bamboo tribes, the Streptochaeteae and Anomochloeae , are resolved as the most basal clade within the grass family, confirming the hypothesis that elements within the Bambusoideae se ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Italictitle Taxobox name Shadow Witch image Ponthieva racemosa.jpg image caption Hairy Shadow Witch Ponthieva racemosa regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Monocots ordo Asparagales familia Orchidaceae subfamilia Orchidoideae tribus Cranichideae subtribus Cranichidinae genus Ponthieva genus authority Richard Brown R.Br. in W.T.Aiton 1813 type species Neottia glandulosa small now synonym of Ponthieva racemosa Walter C.Mohr small type species authority Sims, Bot. Mag. 22 t. 842 1805 . subdivision ranks Species subdivision See text Ponthieva commonly called Shadow Witch is a genus form the orchid family Orchidaceae . They are named after Henri de Ponthieu, a French merchant who sent West Indian plant collections to Sir Joseph Banks in 1778. This genus occurs from the southern states of the USA to Mexico, the Caribbean and tropical America. They are mainly terrestrial plants with sympodial growth, but some are epiphyte s. Their fibrous root show long and soft hairs. Some of the branches are thickened. The simple Plant stem stem grows from rhizome s and carries thin, basal Leaf leaves with a slight to a somewhat longer stalk. The few to many, erect flower s grow on bracteate peduncles in a terminal raceme . Their dorsal sepal is slightly joined to the petal s at the apex. The petals are free or sometimes fused to lower flanks of the column . The lateral sepals are distinct or joined. The clawed labellum lip is fused to the base of the short column botany column . This is semiterete, i.e in the form of a cylinder, rounded on one side and flat on the other. It is slightly winged towards the pointed apex. There are four, yellow, club shaped pollinium pollinia that are joined in pairs. Species Ponthieva andicola Rchb.f. 1876 Ecuador Ponthieva appendiculata Schltr. 1915 Ecuador Ponthieva bicornuta C.Schweinf. 1951 Peru Ponthieva brenesii Schltr. 1923 Costa Rica, Panama Ponthieva brittoniae Ames 1910 Britton s Shadow Witc ... more details
record It has been suggested that several Migration Period bracteate imitation medallions and bracteates ..., the best known of these is the Fakse bracteate. Two of the figures are understood to be Baldr and Odin ... more details
align right Infobox royalty type monarch realm denmark name Canute V succession King of Denmark image Knud 5. Magnussen coin.jpg imgw 200px caption Bracteate from the reign of Canute V. reign 1146 1157 ref name kongehuset http kongehuset.dk lineage.php?id 58197&dogtag k dk monarkiet kongeraek&list id 1 Monarkiet i Danmark Konger kken at Monarchy of Denmark The Danish Monarchy ref predecessor Eric III of Denmark Eric III Lamb successor Valdemar I of Denmark Valdemar I the Great spouse Helena of Sweden issue Saint Niels small illegitimate small br Valdemar of Denmark bishop Valdemar, Bishop of Schleswig small illegitimate small br Brigitte, Countess of Anhalt small illegitimate small br Hildegard, Princess of R gen small illegitimate small br Ingrid, Duchess of Pomerania small illegitimate small issue link Issue issue pipe among others... house House of Estridsen Estridsen full name Canute Magnussen father Magnus I of Sweden mother Richeza of Poland, Queen of Sweden Richeza of Poland birth date circa 1129 birth place death date 9 August Death year and age df yes 1157 1129 death place Roskilde , Denmark place of burial religion Catholic Church Roman Catholicism House of Estridsen canute5 Canute V of Denmark lang da Knud V Magnussen circa 1129 9 August 1157 was a Swedish prince and King of Denmark from 1146 to 1157, as co regent in shifting alliances with his Sweyn III of Denmark Sweyn III and Valdemar I of Denmark Valdemar I . Canute was killed at the so called Bloodfeast of Roskilde in 1157. Nothing certain is known about his person and character. Biography Canute was born around 1129, the son of Niels of Denmark King Niels son Magnus I of Sweden . After the abdication of Eric III of Denmark Eric III in 1146, the magnates of Jutland declared Canute king, while the magnates of Zealand Denmark Zealand and Scania crowned Sweyn III of Denmark Sweyn III , ref name gyldendal the nephew of Canute Lavard who Magnus had killed in 1131. ref name kongehuset In the following year ... more details
Image Vadstena brakteaten, Nordisk familjebok.png thumb right The 6th century Vadstena bracteate , showing a horse, a bird and a human head commonly identified as an early form of Scandinavian Odin. Image Odin Vendel helmet.jpg thumb 7th century depiction of Odin on a Vendel helmet plate, found in Uppland . lang gem W anaz or lang gem W inaz is the reconstructed Proto Germanic language Proto Germanic name of a god of Germanic paganism , known as lang non inn in Norse mythology , lang ags W den in Old English language Old English , lang goh Wodan or lang goh Wotan in Old High German and lang lng Godan in Lombardic language Lombardic . The name may be written with an asterisk in front, to indicate that the form is not directly attested see also historical linguistics , comparative method . He is in all likelihood identical with the Germanic god interpretatio romana identified by Roman writers as Mercury mythology Mercury and possibly with Tacitus lang la regnator omnium deus . Wodanaz may have risen to prominence during the Roman Iron Age , perhaps gradually displacing a hypothetical T waz later Tyr as a major deity in West Germanic languages West and North Germanic languages North Germanic cultures. Testimonies of the god are scattered over a wide range, both temporally and geographically. More than a millennium separates the earliest Roman accounts and archaeological evidence from the beginning of the Common Era from the Odin of the Edda and later medieval folklore. W danaz is associated with poetic or mantic qualities, his name being connected with the concept of lang gem w uz , lang la furor poeticus poetic fury , and is thus the god of poets and seers. He is a shapechanger and healer, and thus a god of magicians and Leeching leeches . He is associated with the Wild ... inn emerged from Proto Norse W din during the Migration period , Vendel artwork bracteate s, image ..., Washington D.C. 2000 , ISBN 0 941694 74 7. Starkey, Kathryn. Imagining an early Odin. Gold bracteate ... more details
grain is attested in the Proto Norse Ancient Nordic runic inscription on the Tjurk bracteate Tjurk I C bracteate . ref Krause 1971 , p. 63. Cited by Hultin 1974 , p. 864. ref ref Looijenga 1997 , pp ... more details
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