journal last Guo first Z. V. last2 Mahadeven first2 L. title Limbless undulatory propulsion on land ... numbers undulatory swimming in ascidian larvae Botrylloides sp. journal Journal of Experimental ... to shearing and is proportional to speed of the flow. This dominates undulatory swimming in spermatozoa ... , and 5 slide pushing. Lateral undulation closely resembles the simple undulatory motion observed ... ref ref cite journal last Gillis first G. B. title Environmental Effects on Undulatory Locomotion ... A typical characteristic of many animals that utilize undulatory locomotion is that they have ... a problem to animals, such as fishes and salamanders, which undergo undulatory movement. Muscle ... generation during undulatory movement would force differing muscle fibers recruited for the same ... to caudal kinematic wave that travels down the animals body during undulatory locomotion .... However, while this pattern is characteristic of undulatory locomotion, it too can vary with environment ... of mass a given distance, for a snake moving with a lateral undulatory gait is identical to that of a limbed ... DEFAULTSORT Undulatory Locomotion Category Locomotion biological ca Locomoci per ondulaci ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 unreferenced date November 2007 Rajiform swimming is a type of aquatic locomotion practiced by some fish es such as Rajiformes skates and rays that makes use of undulatory pectoral fin motion. See also Fish locomotion Category Rajiformes Category Ichthyology Category Aquatic locomotion Rajiformes stub ... more details
Taxobox name Tupilakosauridae fossil range Early Permian Early Triassic , fossil range 273 245 image image width 250px regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Amphibia ordo Temnospondyli subordo Dvinosauria familia Tupilakosauridae familia authority Kuhn, 1960 in paleontology 1960 subdivision ranks Genera subdivision ? Kourerpeton Slaugenhopia Thabanchuia Tupilakosaurus Tupilakosauridae is an extinct family biology family of dvinosauria n temnospondyl s. It contains the genera Slaugenhopia , Thabanchuia , Tupilakosaurus , and possibly Kourerpeton . ref name MS04 cite journal last Milner first A. R. coauthors and Sequeira, S. E. K. year 2004 title Slaugenhopia texensis Amphibia Temnospondyli from the Permian of Texas is a primitive tupilakosaurid journal Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology volume 24 issue 2 pages 320 325 doi 10.1671 1974 ref Tupilakosaurs are known from Texas , Greenland , Russia , and France . ref name MS04 ref name Wetal07 cite journal last Werneburg first R. coauthors Steyer, J. S. Sommer, G. Gand, G. Schneider, J. W. and Vianey Liaud, M. year 2007 title The earliest tupilakosaurid amphibian with diplospondylous vertebrae from the Late Permian of southern France journal Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology volume 27 issue 1 pages 26 30 doi 10.1671 0272 4634 2007 27 26 TETAWD 2.0.CO 2 ref The earliest tupilakosaur, Slaugenhopia , is Early Permian in age while the latest known tupilakosaurs are Early Triassic in age. Derived tupilakosaurs possess embolomerous vertebra centra in their vertebra e, which are diplospondylous . ref name Wetal07 They also have a deep notch in the pterygoid bone of the palate. ref name MS04 Tupilakosaurs were aquatic, and used an Undulatory locomotion undulatory mode of swimming much like that of eel s. ref name Wetal07 References Reflist Portal Paleontology External links http paleodb.org cgi bin bridge.pl?action checkTaxonInfo&taxon no 150320&is real user 1 Tupilakosauridae in the Paleobiology Database Dvinosauria ... more details
Italic title Taxobox name Hrabea ogumai regnum Animal ia phylum Annelid a classis Clitellata subclassis Oligochaeta ordo Lumbriculida familia Lumbriculidae genus Hrabea genus authority Yamaguchi, 1936 species H. ogumai binomial Hrabea ogumai binomial authority Yamaguchi, 1936 ref ITIS id 68495 taxon Hrabea ogumai ref Hrabea ogumai is a species of oligochaete worm originally described by Yamaguchi in 1936 from specimens collected from subterranean waters in Sapporo . The genus is named after the great oligochaete specialist Dr. Sergej Hrabe, and the species after Prof. K. Oguma. The body of Hrabea is convert 7 8 cm long, and consists of 146 183 segments. The body wall is thin and transparent, but when illuminated, shows a light green tint. It swims actively by Undulatory locomotion lateral undulating movements. The setae are one pointed. Hrabea ogumai is similar to Stylodrilus subgenus Bythonomus , but lacks the transversal vessels of the middle and posterior parts of the body, has one testis and male funnel in segment X instead of two in segments IX and X , and has a pear shaped atrium, to which the vas deferens is connected at the apical end, rather than at the lower half. References reflist Category Lumbriculidae Category Monotypic animal genera Annelid stub ... more details
Wiktionary crawl crawling Commons crawling Crawl or crawling may refer to Crawling Pottery , Crawling occurs when the glaze hasn t properly adhered to the bisqued clay. Crawling human , any of several types of human quadrupedal gait Limbless locomotion , the movement of limbless animals over the ground Undulatory locomotion , a type of motion characterized by wave like movement patterns that act to propel an animal forward Front crawl , a swimming stroke News crawl or news ticker, a moving line of text on screen during TV news programs or in other contexts Pub crawl , an evening devoted to drinking at a series of pubs Dungeon crawl , a type of scenario in fantasy role playing games Linley s Dungeon Crawl or Crawl , a 1997 roguelike computer game Web crawler , a software program to automatically download web pages Rock crawling , an off road truck sport In music Crawl Laughing Hyenas EP Crawl Laughing Hyenas EP Crawl Atlas song Crawl Atlas song Crawl Chris Brown song Crawl Chris Brown song Crawl Kings of Leon song Crawl Kings of Leon song Crawling song Crawling song , a song by Linkin Park Crawl , a song by Alkaline Trio from From Here to Infirmary Crawl , a song by Damageplan from New Found Power Crawl , a song by Soul Asylum from Let Your Dim Light Shine Crawl , a song by Anthrax band Anthrax from Worship Music album Worship Music Crawl , a song by Thisway Crawl , a song by Breaking Benjamin on their album Dear Agony Crawl , a song by Norman Iceberg from Person a The Crawl , a song by Placebo from Without You I m Nothing Placebo album Without You I m Nothing The Crawl, Mike Morgan blues musician Mike Morgan s backing band See also Formication , a sensation as if covered with crawling insects Star Wars opening crawl , the scrolling text at the beginning of the Star Wars films Crawler disambiguation disambig ... more details
Image Quartz zhaseni.gif thumb Undulose extinction of quartz in Gneiss Orthogneiss Image Quartz micro2.jpg thumb Undulose extinction or undulatory extinction is a geological term referring to the type of extinction that occurs in certain mineral s when examined in thin section under cross Polarization waves polarized light. As the microscope stage is rotated, individual mineral grains appear black when the polarization due to the mineral prevents any light from passing through. If a mineral is Plastic deformation in solids deformed plastically by dislocation processes without recovery metallurgy recovery , strain builds up within the crystal lattice causing it to warp. This means that different parts reach extinction at slightly different angles, giving the crystal an irregular, mottled look. ref http books.google.co.uk books?id 4jMq3iw XVUC&pg PA57&dq 22undulose extinction 22&lr &ei WUqISvXPEpu ygTO0f2yDg v onepage&q 22undulose 20extinction 22&f false Passchier, C.W. & Trouw, R.A.J. 2005. Microtectonics, 2nd edition, Springer, 366pp. ref Undulose extinction is very common in quartz , so much so that it is often used as a diagnostic feature of that mineral, and feldspar of various sorts, but is possible in almost any mineral. The presence of undulose extinction may help to infer that a crystal grew before a deformation event. However, some minerals acquire undulose extinction easily and even under the effect of minor or local deformations. References Reflist Commons Category Undulose extinction Category Optical mineralogy Petrology stub cs Undul zn zh en de Undul se Ausl schung es Extinci n ondulante ... more details
Infobox rockunit name Tonoloway Formation image caption type sedimentary age Late Silurian prilithology limestone otherlithology shale namedfor Tonoloway Ridge, Rock Ford, WV namedby E. O. Ulrich, 1911 ref Ulrich, E.O., 1911, Revision of the Paleozoic systems Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 22, p. 281 680. ref region Appalachian Mountains country coordinates unitof subunits underlies Keyser Formation overlies Wills Creek Formation thickness 250 20 m extent Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia area map map caption The Late Silurian Tonoloway Formation is a mapped limestone bedrock unit in Pennsylvania , Maryland , Virginia and West Virginia . Description The basal 50 m consists of medium dark gray laminated to thin bedded calcisiltite with shale partings and interbeds. Overlying 5 m are light yellowish gray to olive gray mudstone and shale. Above this interval are 75 m of laminated calcisiltite with interbeds of thick to very thick bedded calcisiltite. The remainder of the formation is cyclic, consisting of three or four resistant ledges of laminated limestone and shale. Uppermost 20 m contains a variety of limestones. Lower contact with the Wills Creek is probably conformable. Upper contact is conformable and undulatory, occurring at the base of the calico limestone of the Keyser Formation . ref Faill, R.T., Glover, A.D., and Way, J.H., 1989, Geology and mineral resources of the Blandburg, Tipton, Altoona, and Bellwood quadrangles, Blair, Cambria, Clearfield and Centre Counties, Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Geological Survey Topographic and Geologic Atlas, 4th series, 86, 209 p., scale 1 24,000 and 1 48,000 ref Depositional Environment The depostional environment of the Tonoloway is interpreted as shallow marine. Notable Exposures Tonoloway Ridge type section along Little Juniata River , 2 km northeast of Bellwood, Pennsylvania Age Relative age dating places the Tonoloway in the late Silurian . References references Category Geology of Pennsy ... more details
Infobox mountain name Hahnberg photo photo caption photo size elevation m 685.3 elevation ref prominence m prominence ref range Thuringian Forest location Thuringia , Germany map Germany Thuringia region DE TH map caption label position left lat d 50 lat m 31 lat s 57 lat NS N long d 11 long m 10 long s 49 long EW E coordinates ref de wiki translation language The Hahnberg is a 685.3 m high above sea level slightly undulatory tableland located in the Thuringian Highland , Thuringia Germany . It is located close to the municipality of Lichte and the Leibis Lichte Dam in the Saalfeld Rudolstadt Saalfeld Rudolstadt district in the Thuringian Forest Nature Park . The section of the Rennsteig walkway between Neuhaus am Rennweg , Piesau , and Oberland am Rennsteig Spechtsbrunn runs close to the Hahnberg plateau . class wikitable Neighbouring mountains bgcolor EECFA1 align center Description Height br small above sea level small Direction Particularity Spitzer Berg Thuringian Highland Spitzer Berg align center 790.3 m align center N NE Coniferous forest Mutzenberg Thuringian Highland Mutzenberg align center 770.0.6 m align center NE Coniferous forest Rauhh gel align center 801.9 m align center NE align center Observation tower, radio mast Mittelberg Thuringian Highland Mittelberg align center 803.6 m align center SE Coniferous forest Apelsberg align center 785.3 m align center SW Coniferous forest R ckertsbiel Thuringian Highland R ckersbiel align center 755.6 m align center W small with the Sauhuegel 722 m, W small See also List of Mountains and Elevations of Thuringia translation ref de Hahnberg Th ringer Schiefergebirge External links Thuringia geo stub SaalfeldRudolstadt geo stub Category Mountains of Thuringia Category Thuringian Forest Category Lichte de Hahnberg Th ringer Schiefergebirge ... more details
Taxobox name Rajiformes image Leucoraja erinacea.jpg image width 250px image caption Little skate Little skate Raja erinacea fossil range Fossil range middle Eocene Recent regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Chondrichthyes subclassis Elasmobranchii superordo Batoidea ordo Rajiformes ordo authority Lev Berg L. S. Berg , 1940 Rajiformes is one of the four order biology orders of Batoidea batoids , flattened cartilaginous fish es related to shark s. Rajiforms are distinguished by the presence of greatly enlarged pectoral fin s, which reach as far forward as the sides of the head, with a generally flattened body. The undulatory pectoral fin motion diagnostic to this taxon is known as rajiform locomotion. The eyes and spiracle s are located on the upper surface of the body, and the gill slits on the underside. They have flattened, crushing teeth, and are generally carnivorous, although manta ray s are filter feeders. Most species give birth to live young, although some lay eggs with a horny capsule mermaid s purse . Classification Image Onchopristis.JPG thumb left Onchopristis fossils The following families are recognized Family Anacanthobatidae smooth skates Family Rajidae skates Family Rhinidae bowmouth guitarfishes Family Rhinobatidae guitarfishes Family Rhynchobatidae wedgefishes A fossil family is Rhombodontidae , from the Maastrichtian stage of the Cretaceous period of Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas. ref http www.elasmo.com frameMe.html?file genera cretaceous rhombodus.html&menu bin menu genera alt.html Rhombodus DAMES 1881 Extinct myliobatoid ray Upper Cretaceous by Elasmo.com ref References reflist FishBase order order Rajiformes month February year 2011 http www.elasmo research.org education shark profiles batoids.htm Batoids Sawfishes, Guitarfishes, Electric Rays, Skates, and Sting Rays J. D. McEachran, K. A. Dunn, T. Miyake 1996 . Interrelationships of the batoid fishes Chondrichthyes Batoidea . In Interrelationships of Fishes , Academic P ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Ignace Gaston Pardies September 5, 1636 April 22, 1673 was a French scientist. He died of fever contracted whilst ministering to the prisoners of Bic tre Hospital , near Paris. He was born in Pau, Pyr n es Atlantiques Pau , the son of an advisor at the local assembly. He entered the Society of Jesus 17 Nov., 1652 and for a time taught classical literature during this period he composed a number of short Latin works, in prose and verse. After his ordination he taught philosophy and mathematics at the Lyc e Louis le Grand in Paris. His earliest scientific work is the Horologium Thaumanticum Duplex Paris, 1662 , in which is described an instrument he had invented for constructing various kinds of sundial s. Three years later appeared his Dissertatio de Motu et Natura Cometarum , published separately in Latin and in French Bordeaux, 1665 . His La Statique Paris, 1673 argued that Galileo s theory was not exact. This, along with Discours du mouvement local Paris, 1670 , and the manuscript Trait complet d Optique , in which he followed the undulatory theory of light which identifies it as a harmonic vibration , form part of a general work on physics which he had planned. He opposed Isaac Newton s theory of refraction and his letters together with Newton s replies which so satisfied Pardies that he withdrew his objections are found in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society for 1672 and 1673. A proponent of Mechanism philosophy Mechanism , his Discours de la Connaissance des Bestes Paris, 1672 combatted Descartes s views on animals, but did so so weakly that many looked on it as a covert defence rather than a refutation, an impression which Pardies himself afterwards endeavoured to destroy. His El mens de G om trie Paris, 1671 was translated into Latin and English. He left in manuscript a work entitled Art de la Guerre and a celestial atlas comprising six charts, published after his death Paris, 1673 74 . His collected mathematical and ... more details
, there are a numerous specifications along a spectrum of behaviors from purely undulatory locomotion undulatory to entirely oscillation oscillatory based. In undulatory swimming modes ... fin pair over the other, and include ref name Sfakiotakis UNDULATORY Rajiform seen in Batoidea rays ... caudal fin Most fish swim by generating undulatory waves that propagate down the body through the fish anatomy caudal fin . This form of undulatory locomotion is termed fish locomotion Body.2Fcaudal .... Journal of Fish Biology 65, pp 1193 1222. ref UNDULATORY Fish locomotion Anguilliform locomotion ... more details
Specialized function in vertebrates Swimming and undulatory locomotion The skin of these animal that use undulatory motion to locomote have several distinct characteristics. The skin of these animals ... . Fish , shark , and snakes are all examples of animals that locomote using undulatory locomotion ... more details
of at least three philosophers were shaping the doctrine of the undulatory theory of light undulatory ... exhibited by quartz . Among Arago s many contributions to the support of the undulatory hypothesis ... more details
, either following the direct path of the trail or using an undulatory pattern involving crossing ... an undulatory pattern of tracking similar to that in seals, ref name S P 2007 but do not perform as well ... more details
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