wiktionary equilibriumEquilibrium may refer to List of types of equilibrium , the condition of a system in which all competing influences are balanced, in a wide variety of contexts TOCright Film and television Equilibrium film Equilibrium film , a 2002 science fiction film The Story of Three Loves , aka Equilibrium , a 1953 romantic anthology film Equilibrium , one of the three segments of the 1953 film Equilibrium seaQuest 2032 Equilibrium seaQuest 2032 Equilibrium Star Trek Deep Space Nine Equilibrium Star Trek Deep Space Nine Music Equilibrium band Equilibrium Crowbar album Equilibrium Crowbar album Equilibrium Erik Mongrain album Equilibrium Erik Mongrain album IX Equilibrium , an album by Emperor Equilibrium , an Dennis Frederiksen Discography album by Fergie Frederiksen Other uses Equilibrium puzzle , a sphere shaped interlocking puzzle disambiguation ar cs Equilibrium de Gleichgewicht es Equilibrio fa fr quilibre gl Equilibrio io Equilibro id Kesetimbangan it Equilibrio he sw Msawazo hu Egyens ly egy rtelm s t lap nl Evenwicht ja pl R wnowaga pt Equil brio ru sl Ravnovesje sv J mvikt tr Denge ... more details
Orphan date March 2010 In the Debian jargon, unstable is the development distribution of Debian . It is codenamed sid ref Some refer to sid as an acronym for Still In Development , but this is an unofficial backronym that is not often used. ref after the boy next door who broke toys in Toy Story . As unstable never becomes testing , this codename is permanent, contrary to the codenames of stable Debian stable and testing Debian testing , which have volatile codenames for instance, stable is As of 2011 alt currently known as Debian Releases Squeeze , but was Etch Debian Lenny before Debian 6.0 was released . unstable has some newer packages, but suffers from an unusually high number of serious Software bug bugs , as many packages are new. In development periods, the number of bugs considered Release Critical by the Debian project in unstable is typically between 2 and 3 times as many as the number in testing . unstable is targeted at Debian developers for building packages to be uploaded to unstable , and other Debian users that know Debian well in general, master Debian package management, are good for Debugging reporting bugs , want to help the Debian project, and have some machines on which they don t depend. Footnotes Portal Free software reflist External links http www.debian.org releases unstable Debian s definition of unstable Category Debian linux stub nl Unstable Debian zh Debian Debian sid ... more details
Infobox disease Name Unstable angina Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 I 20 0 i 20 ICD9 ICD9 411.1 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus 000201 eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D000789 Unstable angina is a type of angina pectoris ref name pmid10631280 Cite journal author Yeghiazarians Y, Braunstein JB, Askari A, Stone PH title Unstable angina pectoris journal N. Engl. J. Med. volume 342 issue 2 pages 101 14 year 2000 month January pmid 10631280 doi 10.1056 NEJM200001133420207 url http content.nejm.org cgi pmidlookup?view short&pmid 10631280&promo ONFLNS19 ref that is irregular. ref DorlandsDict nine 000950385 unstable angina ref It is a type of acute coronary syndrome . ref name urlUnstable Angina and Non ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Part I. Initial Evaluation and Management, and Hospital Care August 1, 2004 American Family Physician Cite web url http www.aafp.org afp 20040801 525.html title Unstable Angina and Non ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Part I. Initial Evaluation and Management, and Hospital Care August 1, 2004 American Family Physician work accessdate ref It can be difficult to distinguish from non Q wave myocardial infarction . ref name urlUnstable Angina Overview eMedicine Cite web url http emedicine.medscape.com article 159383 overview title Unstable Angina Overview eMedicine format work accessdate ref Definition Unstable angina is angina pectoris caused by disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque with partial thrombosis and possibly embolization or vasospasm. ref Robbins. Pathologic basis of disease 7th edition.2005. ref ref http circ.ahajournals.org ..., Beasley JW, et al ACC AHA guideline update for the management of patients with unstable angina and non ... of Patients with Unstable Angina . Circulation 2002 106 1893 1900. ref ref name ReferenceA Libby Braunwald s Heart Disease A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine ref 50 of people with unstable angina ... ref Markenvard J et al. The predictive value of CKMB mass concentration in unstable angina pectoris ... more details
unreferenced date July 2009 Infobox single Name Unstable Cover Artist Adema from Album Unstable album Unstable Recorded 2002 Released July 8, 2003 Genre Nu metal , alternative metal Length 3 12 Label Arista Records Arista Writer Mark Chavez Mark Chavez II , Kris Kohls , Mike Ransom , Dave DeRoo , Tim Fluckey Producer Chart position Last single Immortal br 2002 This single Unstable br 2003 Next single Promises Adema song Promises br 2003 Unstable is the first single released from the Adema album, Unstable album Unstable . Lyrics The lyrics in this song appear to be about a dysfunctional relationship. Lquote I m trapped and we can t get along I thought that I was strong We are so unstable. The lyrics depict a lack of communication and a sense of madness from his relationship. They are also known for being catchier than some of Adema s earlier attempts, and also featuring less profanity, resulting in the songs high airplay, which helped boost the album s sales. Success 10,000 copies of this single were sold in the first three weeks, making in Adema s second most successful single to date, bar Giving In . Citation needed date June 2007 This song is also one of Adema s most popular songs among fans, being one of the songs played at almost every show. The song is also featured on the soundtrack of Madden NFL 2004 . Music video The music video depicts the band playing in a desert like location, with sandy gusts of wind billowing around them. The video occasionally cuts away to Mark Chavez , the lead vocalist, as he runs through a windy location, storm clouds everywhere, with a female floating around him. In the end, Chavez is lying on a roof protected from the wind. He reaches out to try and catch the female from driting away. In the end of the video, the house that Mark was lying .... Citation needed date June 2007 It was directed by Kevin Kerslake . Track listing CD 1 1. Unstable 2. Immortal 3. Giving In CD 2 1. Unstable 2. Someone Elses Lies 3. Promises Acoustic Version 4. Unstable ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Unstable Type Album Artist Adema Cover Unstablealbum.jpg Released August 12, 2003 Recorded 2003 Genre Nu metal , alternative metal , nowrap post grunge Length 40 48 Label Arista Records Arista Producer Howard Benson Last album Insomniac s Dream br 2002 This album Unstable br 2003 Next album Planets album Planets br 2005 Misc Singles Name Unstable Type studio single 1 Unstable song Unstable single 2 Promises Adema song Promises single 3 Rip the Heart Out of Me single 4 Co Dependent single 5 So Fortunate single 1 date June 13, 2003 single 2 date November 7, 2003 single 3 date January 5, 2004 single 4 date February 13, 2004 single 5 date February 18, 2004 Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1score Rating 2 5 ref cite web url Allmusic class album id r651637 pure url yes title Unstable Adema publisher Allmusic ref rev2 CDNow rev2score Rating 4 5 rev3 Rolling Stone rev3score Rating 2 5 ref cite web url http www.rollingstone.com reviews album start 2376 title CD Reviews August 29 September 24, 2003 Rolling Stone publisher Rolling Stone accessdate 2012 05 01 archiveurl http web.archive.org web 20080201094600 http www.rollingstone.com reviews album start 2376 archivedate 2008 02 01 deadurl yes ref Unstable is Adema s second and also final album to feature its original lineup with Chavez and Ransom departing from the band after its release and then again ... worldwide. Its radio single was the self titled song Unstable , which also had a music video, but it didn ... 28 title2 Rip the Heart Out of Me length2 2 23 title3 Stand Up length3 3 04 title4 Unstable song Unstable ... Else s Lies length13 3 27 note13 Japanese Bonus Track DVD Unstable small Video small Giving In small ... at The Townhouse, London, England Unstable Mix Engineer Andy Saunders Needles & Stressin Out ... http www.allmusic.com allmusic.com 2003 Unstable Mainstream Rock Tracks 25 2003 Unstable Modern Rock ... by Howard Benson bs Unstable hr Unstable it Unstable pt Unstable ... more details
for the limited series Fantastic Four Unstable Molecules Unreferenced date December 2009 Infobox comics elements Wikipedia WikiProject Comics name Unstable molecules image filename format only imagesize default 250 noimage Reasonably unlikely that an image of the material that isn t just fabric can be found caption publisher Marvel Comics debut creators type Compound material y supports Fantastic Four subcat Marvel Comics sortkey Unstable Molecules Unstable molecules are a piece of fictional technology featured in Marvel Comics . They exist as a configuration of unknown atomic nuclei and electron ... Fantastic of the Fantastic Four , unstable molecules are typically utilized in fabrics for superhero ... as an extension of the wearer s skin. History Unstable molecules are not generally employed by heroes ..., as well as Henry Pym s. Mr. Fantastic also made a suit of unstable molecules for Spider Man which ... made of unstable molecules manufactured for them by the Kymellian smartship Friday as the alien ... their own form of unstable molecules, as certain Kymellians naturally develop super powers. The molecules ... which rendered unstable molecules inert, thereby preventing Reed s suit from stretching with him ... down. Although a potentially lucrative commercial enterprise, unstable molecules are deemed too dangerous for use by the public in general when a fashion designer procured a small sample of unstable ... . Other uses The name was also used in the name of Fantastic Four Unstable Molecules , an Eisner Award ... comics Guy Davis . Unstable molecule fabric have become a common material by the time of the Marvel ... composed of living unstable molecules dubbed Electroplasm . Similarly, Morph comics Morph of the Exiles Marvel Comics Exiles once said his body is made of Unstable Molecules. In other media In the Fantastic Four film film adaptation , the origin of unstable molecules was not a deliberate invention ... Four DEFAULTSORT Unstable Molecules Category Fantastic Four fi Ep vakaat molekyylit ... more details
Unstable Fables is a series of computer animated films produced by The Jim Henson Company in association with Flame Ventures , Prana Studios , and The Weinstein Company . The direct to DVD feature length films are distributed by Genius Products . ref name PR 052006 http www.henson.com press releases 2006 05 20.pdf Jim Henson Company press release . May 20, 2006. ref ref name Podcast1 http www.henson.com podcast.php Jim Henson Company Podcast . February 11, 2008. ref The films casts include Brad Garrett , Jay Leno and Jamie Lynn Spears . Unstable Fables irreverently and unfaithfully retell classic fairy tales , folktale , and fables with a modern twist. ref name Podcast1 The first film, 3 Pigs and a Baby based on The Three Little Pigs , was released on DVD on March 4, 2008 . ref name PR 011808 http www.henson.com press releases 2008 1 18.pdf Jim Henson Company press release . January 18, 2008. ref The second title, Tortoise vs. Hare based on The Tortoise and the Hare , was released on the September 9, 2008. ref name mnf 030608 http www.muppetnewsflash.com 2008 03 tortoise vs hare coming .... ref http www.muppetnewsflash.com 2008 11 third unstable fables comes in time for.html Third Unstable ... Girl Tortoise vs. Hare Infobox Film name Tortoise vs. Hare image Unstable Fables Tortoise vs ... vs. Hare is the second animated film in the Unstable Fables series. The direct to DVD film, based on Aesop ... ref name TortoiseHareDetails A Sneak Peek at the Next Unstable Fable A look at The Goldilocks and the 3 Bears Show , the next Unstable Fable film. ref name TortoiseHareDetails Cast Jay Leno as Murray ... Bears Show image Unstable Fables Goldilocks and the 3 Bears.jpg caption DVD Cover producer director ... Spears . ref http www.muppetnewsflash.com 2008 01 hensons unstable fables.html More Details on Henson s Unstable Fables . January 18, 2008. ref DVD Bonus Features How to Draw a Character Director Howard ... Unstable 20Fables Unstable Fables news imdb title id 1086797 title 3 Pigs and a Baby imdb title id ... more details
Image Stable unstable pendulum.svg right thumb A pendulum in a stable equilibrium left and unstableequilibrium right A standard definition of static equilibrium is A system of particles is in static equilibrium ... Corben & Philip Stehle url http books.google.com ?id 1gxk4oq9trYC&pg PA113&dq 22static equilibrium ... ref This is a strict definition, and often the term static equilibrium is used in a more relaxed manner interchangeably with mechanical equilibrium , as defined next. ref name Rao cite book title Engineering ...&pg PA90&dq 22static equilibrium 22 PPA6,M1 page 6 year 2004 ref A standard definition of mechanical equilibrium for a particle is The necessary and sufficient conditions for a particle to be in mechanical equilibrium is that the net force acting upon the particle is zero. ref name Synge cite book ... year 1949 page 45 46 ref The necessary conditions for mechanical equilibrium for a system of particles ... conditions become A rigid body is in mechanical equilibrium when the sum of all force physics forces ... is zero. ref http physics.tamuk.edu suson html 2325 MechanicalEquilibrium.html Mechanical Equilibrium ... body in mechanical equilibrium is undergoing neither linear nor rotational acceleration however ... gives no information as to one of the most important and interesting aspects of equilibrium states &ndash their Stability theory stability . An alternative definition of equilibrium that applies to conservative ... 201 02918 9 ref A system is in mechanical equilibrium if its position in configuration space is a point ... about the stability of the equilibrium state. For example, from elementary calculus , we know ... to the stability of the equilibrium state are as follows File vratka rovnovazna poloha.svg thumb This is an unstableequilibrium. Second derivative < 0 The potential energy is at a local maximum, which means that the system is in an unstableequilibrium state. If the system is displaced an arbitrarily small distance from the equilibrium state, the forces of the system cause it to move ... more details
In mathematics , the point math tilde mathbf x in mathbb R n math is an equilibrium point for the differential equation math frac d mathbf x dt mathbf f t, mathbf x math if math mathbf f t, tilde mathbf x 0 math for all math t , math . Similarly, the point math tilde mathbf x in mathbb R n math is an equilibrium point or Fixed point mathematics fixed point for the difference equation math mathbf x k 1 mathbf f k, mathbf x k math if math mathbf f k, tilde mathbf x tilde mathbf x math for math k 0,1,2, ldots math . Equilibria can be classified by looking at the signs of the eigenvalues of the linearization of the equations about the equilibria. That is to say, by evaluating the Jacobian matrix at each of the equilibrium points of the system, and then finding the resulting eigenvalues, the equilibria can be categorized. Then the behavior of the system in the neighborhood of each equilibrium point can be qualitatively determined, or even quantitatively determined, in some instances, by finding the eigenvector s associated with each eigenvalue . An equilibrium point is hyperbolic if none of the eigenvalues have zero real part. If all eigenvalues have negative real part, the equilibrium is a stable equation. If at least one has a positive real part, the equilibrium is an unstable node. If at least one eigenvalue has negative real part and at least one has positive real part, the equilibrium is a saddle point . Category Stability theory Mathanalysis stub eo Ekvilibra punkto it Punto di equilibrio pt Equil brio equa o diferencial ru uk ... more details
when P P0 In economics , economic equilibrium is a state of the world where economic forces are balanced and in the absence of external influences the equilibrium values of economic variables will not change ... R. Varian, Microeconomic Analysis , Third edn. Norton, New York 1992 ref Market equilibrium , for example ... or services produced by Law of supply and demand sellers . This price is often called the equilibrium ... of equilibrium When the price is above the equifferent points of economic equilibrium. In most simple microeconomic stories of supply and demand in a market a static equilibrium is observed in a market however, economic equilibrium can exist in non market relationships and can be Dynamic equilibrium dynamic . Equilibrium may also be multi market or general equilibrium general , as opposed to the partial equilibrium of a single market. In economics, the term equilibrium is used to suggest a state ... the equilibrium, leading to lower prices. Eventually, a new equilibrium will be attained in most ... equilibria are stable . For an equilibrium to be stable, a small deviation from equilibrium leads to economic forces that returns an economic sub system toward the original equilibrium. For example, if a movement out of supply demand equilibrium leads to an excess supply surplus, or glut , that excess ... the quantity supplied. If supply and demand curves intersect more than once, then both stable and unstable ... Ch.3,p.52 caution against attaching a Normative economics normative meaning value judgement to the equilibrium price. For example, food markets may be in equilibrium at the same time that people are starving because they cannot afford to pay the high equilibrium price . Indeed, this occurred during ... the equilibrium price of the Irish British market for potatoes was above the price that Irish ... economists such as Adam Smith maintained that the free market would tend towards economic equilibrium ... under attack from at least two viewpoints. Modern mainstream economics points to cases where equilibrium ... more details
In meteorology , the equilibrium level EL , or level of neutral buoyancy LNB , or limit of convection LOC , is the height at which a rising air parcel parcel of air is at a temperature of equal warmth to it. Image LFC NCL.png thumb 200px left Diagram showing an air parcel path when raised along B C E compared to the surrounding air mass Temperature T and humidity Tw This means that unstable air is now stable when it reaches the equilibrium level and Atmospheric convection convection stops. This level is often near the tropopause and can be indicated as the cumulonimbus cloud anvil of a thunderstorm because it is where the thunderstorm updraft is usually cut off, except in the case of overshooting top s where it continues rising to the Maximum parcel level maximum parcel level MPL due to momentum. See also Atmospheric thermodynamics Convective instability Level of free convection Lifted condensation level External links http www.theweatherprediction.com habyhints 165 The Difference Between the Equilibrium Level and Maximum Parcel Level http www.chaseday.com identity 2.htm Identity of Storm Features Meteorological variables climate stub Category Weather Category Severe weather and convection Category Atmospheric thermodynamics ja fi Tasapainokorkeus ... more details
Equilibrium temperature may refer to Thermal equilibrium , for questions of heat transfer. Gliese 581 g , for temperatures of extrasolar planets. disambig ... more details
Stable equilibrium can refer to Homeostasis , a state of equilibrium used to describe organisms Mechanical equilibrium , a state in which all particles in a system are at rest, and total force on each particle is permanently zero Balance of nature , a theory in ecological science Stability theory , a theory in mathematics Mertens stable equilibrium in game theory Stochastically stable equilibrium in game theory disambig ... more details
. If condition one does not hold then the equilibrium is unstable. If only condition one holds then there are likely ... strategy in turn. The 50 ,50 equilibrium is unstable. If either player changes his probabilities, then the other ...Infobox equilibrium name Nash Equilibrium subsetof Rationalizability , Epsilon equilibrium , Correlated equilibrium supersetof Evolutionarily stable strategy , Subgame perfect equilibrium , Perfect Bayesian equilibrium , Trembling hand perfect equilibrium , Nash equilibrium Stability Stable Nash equilibrium , Strong Nash equilibrium discoverer John Forbes Nash, Jr. John Forbes Nash usedfor All non cooperative game s example Rock paper scissors In game theory , Nash equilibrium named after John Forbes ... players, in which each player is assumed to know the equilibrium strategies of the other players ... payoffs constitute a Nash equilibrium. The practical and general implication is that when ... in their individual interests alone. Stated simply, Amy and Phil are in Nash equilibrium if Amy is making ... he can, taking into account Amy s decision. Likewise, a group of players are in Nash equilibrium .... However, Nash equilibrium does not necessarily mean the best payoff for all the players ... different from the Nash equilibrium e.g., competing businesses forming a cartel in order to increase their profits. Applications Game theorists use the Nash equilibrium concept to analyze ... player would do, taking into account the decision making of the others. Nash equilibrium has been ... Review 92, pp. 1138 51. ref History A version of the Nash equilibrium concept was first used by Antoine ... of others. A Cournot equilibrium occurs when each firm s output maximizes its profits given the output of the other firms, which is a pure strategy Nash Equilibrium. The modern game theoretic concept of Nash Equilibrium is instead defined in terms of mixed strategy mixed strategies , where players ... Equilibrium was introduced by John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern in their 1944 book The Theory ... more details
Equilibrium selection is a concept from game theory which seeks to address reasons for players of a game to select a certain equilibrium over another. The concept is especially relevant in evolutionary game theory , where the different methods of equilibrium selection respond to different ideas of what equilibria will be stable and persistent for one player to play even in the face of deviations and mutations of the other players. This is important because there are various equilibrium concept s, and for many particular concepts, such as the Nash equilibrium , many games have multiple equilibria. Examples of equilibrium selection concepts Risk dominance Payoff dominance 1 2 dominance References Harsany, John C. and Selten, Reinhard, A General Theory of Equilibrium Selection in Games , MIT Press 1988 Game theory Gametheory stub Category Game theory ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Intertemporal equilibrium is a notion of economic equilibrium conceived over many periods of time. In modern economic theory, most models explicitly take into account the fact that the economy evolves over time, and that its equilibrium cannot be fruitfully analyzed from a purely static perspective. Therefore the general equilibrium of the economy is conceived as an intertemporal equilibrium , meaning that household s and Business firms are assumed to make intertemporal decisions. That is, households are assumed to choose consumption and labor on the basis of wage s, price s, utility , and wealth over their whole lifetimes, instead of considering these quantities at just one point in time. Likewise, firms are assumed to choose hiring, investment, and output on the basis of productivity and demand over the foreseeable future, instead of considering these quantities at just one point in time. The intertemporal general equilibrium is then analyzed as the Nash equilibrium or competitive equilibrium of the intertemporal Strategy game theory strategies of all the households and firms and any other economic agents under consideration, such as governments . DEFAULTSORT Intertemporal Equilibrium Category Intertemporal economics Econ stub ... more details
Quasistatic equilibrium also known as quasi equilibrium is the quasi balanced state thermodynamic state of a thermodynamic system near to thermodynamic equilibrium in some sense or degree. A process is called quasistatic process quasi static when it follows a succession of equilibrium states the surroundings may be irreversibly altered during the process so that after a return path, the system ends up in a final state which differs from its initial state. The quasistatic equilibrium model facilitates or justifies the use of Gibbsian thermodynamic applications, i.e. equations of state , to systems characterized by slow change if measured on the adjunct time scale. In short, the quasistatic equilibrium model approximates change as a series of Thermal equilibriumequilibrium processes . In a quasistatic process, or equilibrium process, a sufficiently slow transition of a thermodynamic system from one equilibrium state to another occurs such that at every moment in time the state of the system is close to an equilibrium state. During a quasistatic process, the system reaches equilibrium much faster, almost instantaneously, than its physical parameters vary. A quasistatic process is not necessarily a reversible one. For quasi equilibrium , it is only required that the properties of the system be uniform at any instant during a process. pdV Work in Various Quasi static Processes a Constant pressure process isobaric or isopiestic process W sub 1 2 sub pdV p V sub 2 sub v sub 1 sub b Constant volume process isochoric process W sub 1 2 sub pdV 0 c Process in which pV C isothermal process W sub 1 2 sub pdV pV p sub 1 sub V sub 1 sub C W sub 1 2 sub p sub 1 sub V sub 1 sub ln p sub 1 sub p sub 2 sub References Perrot, P. 1998 . A to Z of Thermodynamics dictionary . New York Oxford University Press. Category Thermodynamics Engineering thermodynamics sup page 44 sup by P.K. Nag. ... more details
Infobox equilibrium name Sequential Equilibrium subsetof Subgame perfect equilibrium , Bayesian game perfect Bayesian equilibrium supersetof Trembling hand perfect equilibrium extensive form trembling hand perfect equilibrium , Quasi perfect equilibrium discoverer David M. Kreps and Robert B. Wilson Robert Wilson usedfor Extensive form game s Sequential equilibrium is a refinement of Nash Equilibrium for extensive form game s due to David M. Kreps and Robert B. Wilson Robert Wilson . A sequential equilibrium specifies not only a strategy for each of the players but also a belief for each of the players. A belief gives, for each information set of the game belonging to the player, a probability distribution on the nodes in the information set . A profile of strategies and beliefs is called an assessment for the game. Informally speaking, an assessment is a sequential equilibrium if its strategies are sensible given its beliefs and its beliefs are sensible given its strategies. Consistent assessments The formal definition of a strategy being sensible given a belief is straigh tforward the strategy should simply maximize expected payoff in every information set. It is also straigh tforward to define what a sensible belief should be for those information sets that are reached with positive probability given the strategies the beliefs should be the conditional probability distribution ... equilibrium refinements Sequential equilibrium is a further refinement of subgame perfect equilibrium and even Bayesian game perfect Bayesian equilibrium . It is itself refined by extensive form trembling hand perfect equilibrium and proper equilibrium . Strategies of sequential equilibria or even extensive form trembling hand perfect equilibrium trembling hand perfect equilibria are not necessarily Admissible decision rule admissible . A refinement of sequential equilibrium that guarantees admissibility is quasi perfect equilibrium . References David M. Kreps and Robert B. Wilson Robert Wilson ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 border 1 align right cellpadding 4 cellspacing 0 style margin 1em 1em 1em 0 background f9f9f9 border 1px aaa solid border collapse collapse font size 95 C D C 2, 2 0, 3 D 3, 0 1, 1 In game theory , a symmetric equilibrium is an equilibrium where both players use the same strategy possibly mixed strategy mixed in the equilibrium. In the Prisoner s Dilemma game pictured to the right, the only Nash equilibrium is D , D . Since both players use the same strategy, the equilibrium is symmetric . Symmetric equilibria have important properties. Only symmetric equilibria can be evolutionarily stable state s in single population models. See also Symmetric game Game theory DEFAULTSORT Symmetric Equilibrium Category Game theory ... more details
In sociology , a system is said to be social equilibrium when there is a dynamic working balance among its interdependent parts Davis & Newstrom Clarify date January 2012 , 1985 . Each subsystem will adjust to any change in the other subsystems and will continue to do so until an equilibrium is retained. The process of achieving equilibrium will only work if the changes happen slowly, but for rapid changes it would throw the social system into wikt chaos chaos , unless and until a new equilibrium can be reached. References Gilboa, Itzhak & Matsui, Akihiko, 1991. http ideas.repec.org a ecm emetrp v59y1991i3p859 67.html Social Stability and Equilibrium , Econometrica , Econometric Society , vol. 59 3 , pages 859 67, May. Further reading Batchelor, George, Social Equilibrium and Other Problems Ethical and Religious , G. H. Ellis, 1887 Canning, David, http econpapers.repec.org paper fthcambri 150.htm Social Equilibrium , Working Papers from Cambridge Risk, Information & Quantity Signals, 1990 de C rdoba, Gonzalo Fern ndez, http www.ingentaconnect.com content els 01651765 1997 00000055 00000003 art00093 On the existence of a beliefs social equilibrium , Economics Letters , Volume 55, Issue 3, 12 September 1997, Pages 431 433 See also Open Society Category Sociodynamics sociology stub ... more details
Infobox musical artist name Equilibrium image Equilibrium Strasbourg 4.jpg caption image size background group or band origin Munich , Bavaria , Germany genre Folk metal ref cite web url Allmusic class album id r1392915 pure url yes title Allmusic.com Sagas ref br Viking metal ref cite web url http www.sputnikmusic.com album.php?albumid 28229 title Sputnikmusic.com Sagas ref years active 2001 present label Black Attakk 2003 2006 Nuclear Blast since 2006 associated acts website http www.equilibrium metal.net www.equilibrium metal.net current members Robert Robse Dahn Ren Berthiaume Andreas V lkl Sandra V lkl Tuval Hati Refaeli past members Helge Stang Manuel DiCamillo Henning Stein Michael Heidenreich Conny Kaiser Julius Koblitzek Basti Kriegl Markus Perschke Armin D rfler Equilibrium is a Folk ... www.musicmight.com linkto artist E922BFF4 4936 4F81 9A5B 83D36BF Equilibrium at MusicMight ref The following ... their second album, Sagas album Sagas . In February 2010, Equilibrium had to cancel their appearance ... Equilibrium parts ways with vocalist, drummer date February 11, 2010 publisher Blabbermouth accessdate ... blabbermouth.net news.aspx?mode Article&newsitemID 135980 title Equilibrium announces ... category Equilibrium band Official website http equilibrium metal.net MySpace equilibriumEquilibrium http www.musicmight.com linkto artist E922BFF4 4936 4F81 9A5B 83D36BF Equilibrium at MusicMight DEFAULTSORT Equilibrium Category German folk metal musical groups Category German symphonic metal ... quintets Germany band stub bs Equilibrium grupa ca Equilibrium Banda cs Equilibrium skupina da Equilibrium de Equilibrium Band es Equilibrium banda eu Equilibrium banda fr Equilibrium groupe hr Equilibrium sastav it Equilibrium gruppo musicale he nl Equilibrium band ja no Equilibrium pl Equilibrium grupa muzyczna pt Equilibrium banda ru Equilibrium sco Equilibrium baund fi Equilibrium sv Equilibrium musikgrupp ... more details
thermodynamics cTopic Branches Equilibrium Thermodynamics is the systematic study of transformations of matter and energy in systems as they approach equilibrium. The word equilibrium implies a state of balance. Equilibrium thermodynamics, in origins, derives from analysis of the Carnot cycle . Here, typically a system, as cylinder of gas, is set out of balance via heat input from a combustion combustion reaction . Then, through a series of steps, as the system settles into its final equilibrium state, work is extracted. In an equilibrium state there are no unbalanced thermodynamic potential potentials , or driving forces, within the system. A central aim in equilibrium thermodynamics is given a system in a well defined initial state thermodynamic state , subject to accurately specified constraints, to calculate what the state of the system will be once it has reached equilibrium. An equilibrium state is obtained by seeking the extrema of a thermodynamic potential function, whose nature depends on the constraints imposed on the system. For example, a chemical reaction at constant temperature and pressure will reach equilibrium at a minimum of its components Gibbs free energy and a maximum of their entropy . Equilibrium thermodynamics differs from non equilibrium thermodynamics , in that, with the latter, the state of the system under investigation will typically not be uniform but will vary locally in those as energy, entropy, and temperature distributions as gradients are imposed by dissipative thermodynamic fluxes. In equilibrium thermodynamics, by contrast, the state of the system will be considered uniform throughout, defined macroscopically by those quantities as temperature ... can be derived from the model. This geometrical model is based on the idea that there exist equilibrium ... these equilibrium states is related to the fluctuation between them. See also Non equilibrium thermodynamics Thermodynamics References Adkins, C.J. 1983 . Equilibrium Thermodynamics, 3rd Ed . Cambridge ... more details
equilibrium when it is in thermal equilibrium , mechanical equilibrium , radiative equilibrium , and chemical equilibrium . The word equilibrium means a state of balance. In a state of thermodynamic equilibrium, there are no net flows of matter or of energy, no Phase transition phase changes ... equilibrium experiences no changes when it is isolated from its surroundings. In non equilibrium ... equilibrium. Thermodynamics cTopic Thermodynamic system Systems Overview Classical thermodynamics deals with dynamic equilibrium states. The local state of a system at thermodynamic equilibrium ... . To be specific, thermodynamic equilibrium is characterized by the minimum of a thermodynamic ... equilibrium is called thermalization . An example of this is a system of interacting particles ... for equilibrium By considering the differential form of thermodynamic potentials , the following relationships can be derived For a completely isolated system, S 0 at equilibrium. For a system at constant temperature and volume, A 0 at equilibrium. For a system at constant temperature and pressure, G 0 at equilibrium. The various types of equilibriums are achieved as follows Two systems are in thermal equilibrium when their temperature s are the same. Two systems are in mechanical equilibrium when their pressure s are the same. Two systems are in diffusive equilibrium when their chemical potential s are the same. All forces are balanced. Local and global equilibrium It is useful to distinguish between global and local thermodynamic equilibrium. In thermodynamics, exchanges within a system .... As an example, temperature controls Heat equation heat exchanges . Global thermodynamic equilibrium ... system, while local thermodynamic equilibrium LTE means that those intensive parameters are varying in space and time, but are varying so slowly that, for any point, one can assume thermodynamic equilibrium ... equilibrium. For example, it takes a certain number of collisions for a particle to equilibrate ... more details
refimprove date August 2008 Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name IX Equilibrium Type studio Artist Emperor band Emperor Cover Ixequilibrium.jpg Released start date 1999 11 23 Recorded October 1998 January 1999 Genre Symphonic black metal Length 44 01 Label Candlelight Records Candlelight br Century Media Records Century Media Producer Thorbj rn Akkerhaugen Don t add reviews to the infobox, the reviews parameter has been deprecated. Last album Thorns vs. Emperor br 1999 This album IX Equilibrium br 1999 Next album Emperial Live Ceremony br 2000 IX Equilibrium is the third studio album by the symphonic black metal band Emperor band Emperor . The band had stated that they were to return to their roots , and the music presented showcases some of the band s darkest and most vicious material, as well as their cleanest production at the time. Still, it is quite different from earlier releases, featuring a mix of clean vocals clean and black metal vocals, soothing symphonic interludes and unrelentingly crushing guitar work. Reception Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1score Rating 4 5 ref name Allmusic Allmusic class album id r413634 pure url yes Allmusic review ref Eduardo Rivadavia of Allmusic describes the album as a sonic onslaught of nearly impenetrable proportions. Drummer Trym doesn t so much keep time as pummel his kit incessantly, while guitarists Ihsahn and Samoth contribute an equally oppressive wall of sound laced with keyboard textures so demonic they were seemingly concocted by the great horned one himself. ref name Allmusic He concluded, Far from a masterpiece, but hardly a stinker either, IX Equilibrium falls quite short of the group s earlier albums through ... 1999 albums 1990s black metal album stub da IX Equilibrium es IX Equilibrium fr IX Equilibrium it IX Equilibrium no IX Equilibrium pl IX Equilibrium pt IX Equilibrium ru IX Equilibrium fi IX Equilibrium sv IX Equilibrium tr IX Equilibrium ... more details
Infobox equilibrium name Proper equilibrium subsetof Trembling hand perfect equilibrium discoverer Roger B. Myerson Proper equilibrium is a refinement of Nash Equilibrium due to Roger B. Myerson . Proper equilibrium further refines Reinhard Selten s notion of a trembling hand perfect equilibrium by assuming that more costly trembles are made with significantly smaller probability than less costly ones. Definition Given a normal form game and a parameter math epsilon 0 math , a mixed strategy totally mixed strategy profile math sigma math is defined to be math epsilon math proper if, whenever a player has two pure strategies s and s such that the expected payoff of playing s is smaller than the expected payoff of playing s that is math u s, sigma i u s , sigma i math , then the probability assigned to s is at most math epsilon math times the probability assigned to s . A strategy profile of the game is then said to be a proper equilibrium if it is a limit point, as math epsilon math approaches ... the penny without guessing. The Nash equilibrium Nash equilibria of the game are the strategy profiles where Player 2 grabs the penny with probability 1. Any mixed strategy of Player 1 is in Nash equilibrium with this pure strategy of Player 2. Any such pair is even trembling hand perfect equilibrium ... be seen that the unique proper equilibrium of this game is the one where Player 1 hides the penny ... proper equilibrium can be motivated intuitively as follows Player 1 fully expects Player 2 ... ways trembling hand perfect equilibrium trembling hand perfection is applied to extensive games. This leads to the notions of normal form proper equilibrium and extensive form proper equilibrium of an extensive form game. It was shown by van Damme that a normal form proper equilibrium of an extensive form game is behaviorally equivalent to a quasi perfect equilibrium of that game. References Roger B. Myerson. Refinements of the Nash equilibrium concept. International Journal of Game Theory ... more details
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