of a minor uricacid tautomer ImageFileR1 Uric acid3D.png ImageFileR1 Ref chemboximage correct ?? ImageNameR1 Spacefill model of a minor uricacid tautomer PIN 7,9 Dihydro 1 H purine 2,6,8 3 H trione ... correct drugbank KEGG C00366 KEGG Ref keggcite changed kegg MeSHName UricAcid ChEBI 27226 ChEBI Ref ... sup mol sup 1 sup at 24.0 C Uricacid is a heterocyclic compound of carbon , nitrogen , oxygen , and hydrogen ... ions and salts known as urates and acid urates such as ammonium acid urate . Uricacid is a product of the breakdown of purine nucleotides. High blood concentrations of uricacid can lead to a type of arthritis known as gout . The chemical is associated with other Uricacid Medicine medical conditions like ammonium acid urate kidney stones . Chemistry Uricacid is a diprotic acid with pKa sub 1 sub 5.4 and pKa sub 2 sub 10.3. ref UricAcid, Francis H. McCrudden ref Thus in strong alkali at high ..., uricacid does not protonate like carboxylic acids. X Ray diffraction studies on the hydrogen urate ... by some form of resonance stabilization resulting in a carboxylate ion , uricacid is deprotonated ... NH, which is 9 . Uricacid was first isolated from kidney stones in 1776 by Scheele. ref name ... synthesis is concerned, in 1882, Horbaczewski claimed to have prepared uricacid by melting urea ... Hoffmann shows that this preparation with glycine gives no trace of uricacid, but trichlorolactimide produces some uricacid. Thus, Hoffmann was the first to synthesize uricacid. ref name Behrend Behrend, R. History of the uricacid synthesis. Justus Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1925, 441, 215. ref Solubility of uricacid and its salts Generally, the water solubilitity of uricacid and its alkali metal ... wikitable Compound Cold Water Boiling Water UricAcid 15000 2000 NH sub 4 sub HUrate 1600 LiHUrate .... ref ref MERK Index, Ninth Ed. ref ref UricAcid, Francis H. McCrudden, page 58 ref Biology The enzyme xanthine oxidase makes uricacid from xanthine and hypoxanthine , which in turn are produced from ... more details
Acute uricacid nephropathy AUAN , also acute urate nephropathy is a rapidly worsening decreasing kidney function renal insufficiency that is caused by high levels of uricacid in the urine hyperuricosuria . Causes Acute uricacid nephropathy is usually seen as part of the tumor lysis syndrome in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy for the treatment of malignancies with rapid cell turnover, such as leukemia and lymphoma . It may also occur in these patients before treatment is begun, due to spontaneous tumor cell lysis high incidence in Burkitt s lymphoma . Acute uricacid nephropathy can also be caused by an acute attack of gout . Pathophysiology Acute uricacid nephropathy is caused by deposition of uricacid crystals within the kidney interstitium and tubules, leading to partial or complete obstruction of collecting ducts, renal pelvis, or ureter. This obstruction is usually bilateral, and patients follow the clinical course of acute renal failure . Diagnosis The picture of acute renal failure is observed decreased urine production and rapidly rising serum creatinine levels. Acute uricacid nephropathy is differentiated from other forms of acute renal failure by the finding of a urine uricacid creatinine ratio 1 in a random urine sample. Prevention Patients at risk for acute uricacid nephropathy can be given allopurinol or rasburicase prior to treatment with cytotoxic drugs. Treatment Treatment is focused on preventing deposition of uricacid within the urinary system by increasing urine volume with potent diuretics such as furosemide . Raising the urinary pH to a level higher than 7 alkalinization is often difficult to attain, although sodium bicarbonate and or acetazolamide are sometimes used in an attempt to increase uricacid solubility. Dialysis ... JD title Acute uricacid nephropathy journal Med Clin North Am year 1990 pages 859 71 volume 74 issue 4 pmid 2195258 cite journal author Robinson RR, Yarger WE title Acute uricacid nephropathy journal ... more details
Operation Uric was a military operation by the Rhodesian Security Forces during the Rhodesian Bush War . During the operation, which took place from September 1 to September 7, 1979, up to 400 Zimbabwe Rhodesia n soldiers and a small number of SADF personnel attacked bridges and a major combined Frelimo and Zanla command center in Gaza Province , Mozambique . Along with Operation Miracle Rhodesia Operation Miracle this was one of the largest external operations of the war. Targets During the Rhodesian Bush War or Second Chimurenga the Rhodesian Security Forces RSF had to deal with an increasing flow of externally trained insurgents coming into Rhodesia, latterly Zimbabwe Rhodesia , from its neighboring countries, especially from Zambia and Mozambique, the latter in particular after its History of Mozambique Independence independence in 1975 . The objectives of Operation Uric were to attack the ZANLA forces in their command and training center before they could enter Zimbabwe Rhodesia and to cut off supply routes into the Gaza Province of Mozambique. It was also hoped that the destruction of communication and railway lines, roads and bridges as far as 200 miles into Mozambique would have an impact on the economic situation and the morale of those who supported Zanla and Robert Mugabe . Targets were the bridges at Aldeia Da Barragem along with a vital irrigation canal feeding a major agricultural area in Mozambique. Air strikes were planned on Frelimo installations in Mapai, Mozambique Mapai and Maxaila in order to demoralise the occupants. Afterwards the base at Mapai should be taken and destroyed by Zimbabwe Rhodesian ground forces. ref Cilliers, J.K., 1984 , Counter insurgency ... for Puma 164 Operation Uric and the Assault on Mapai . 30 South Publishers, 2011 ref The Mapai base ... ref References reflist External links http www.rhodesia.nl uric1.htm Operation Uric at www.rhodesia.nl http www.rhodesianforces.org OperationUric.htm Operation Uric at www.rhodesianforces.org Category ... more details
Infobox Single See Wikipedia WikiProject Songs Name This Is Acid Cover Cover size Caption Artist Maurice Joshua Maurice with Hot Hands Hula from Album A side B side Released 1988 Format Gramophone record 12 Recorded 1987 citation needed date February 2011 Genre Electronic dance music Electronica Acid House Length 4 38 Radio edit version ref It was the Les Adams K&T Remix that was the hit the radio edit of this mix was 4 38 and the 12 version was 6 22. ref Label A&M Records Vendetta A&M Records Writer Hula Mahone , Lidell Townsell Producer Hot Hands Hula, Les Adams Certification Last single This single Next single Misc This Is Acid , also known by its full title, This Is Acid A New Dance Craze , is the name of a 1 Billboard magazine Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart single by Chicago house music DJ and producer Maurice Joshua , who recorded the track under his first name Maurice. It reached the top spot in April 1989 and stayed there for two weeks. ref Joel Whitburn Whitburn, Joel 2004 . Hot Dance Disco 1974 2003 , Record Research Inc. ref The song contains spoken lyrics performed by male singer Hot Hands Hula Mahone. The lyrics introduce the listener to the acid house sound. Versions ... cite web url http www.discogs.com Maurice This Is Acid master 85253 title This Is Acid master release .... Legacy This Is Acid A New Dance Craze was Joshua s only hit single, but he did go on to be a Grammy Award winning producer and remixer. This Is Acid was cover version covered by Germany German ... Records TX169 A1 I Gotta Big Dick 6 20 A2 I Gotta Big Dick Instrumental 5 23 B1 This Is Acid 4 56 B2 Feel the Mood 4 15 12 Maxi US on Maurice This Is Acid A New Dance Craze Vendetta Records VE 7016 A1 This Is Acid A New Dance Craze S & T Mix 7 22 A2 This Is Acid A New Dance Craze Deep Dub 5 58 B This Is Acid ... Hot Dance Club Songs number one singles Category Acid house songs Category Electronic songs Category House music songs Category Spoken word Category Techno songs it This Is Acid ... more details
Other uses Acid disambiguation Refimprove date March 2008 Expert subject Computer science date August 2009 In computer science , ACID Atomicity database systems atomicity , Consistency database systems consistency , Isolation database systems isolation , Durability database systems durability is a set of properties that guarantee that database transaction s are processed reliably. In the context of database s, a single logical operation on the data is called a transaction. For example, a transfer of funds from one bank account to another, even though that might involve multiple changes such as debiting one account and crediting another , is a single transaction. Jim Gray computer scientist Jim Gray defined these properties of a reliable transaction system in the late 1970s and developed technologies to automatically achieve them. ref cite web url http www.microsoft.com presspass features 1998 11 23gray.mspx title Gray to be Honored With A. M. Turing Award This Spring date 1998 11 23 accessdate ... the acronym ACID to describe them. ref cite journal first Theo last H rder first2 Andreas last2 Reuter ... properties, atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability ACID , describe the major highlights ... of ACID is often partly relaxed due to the huge speed decrease this type of concurrency management ... committed. Examples The following examples are used to further explain the ACID properties. In these examples ... ACID capabilities. Locking means that the transaction marks the data that it accesses so that the DBMS ... property, namely snapshot isolation . Distributed transactions Guaranteeing ACID properties in a distributed ... 2. refend Databases DEFAULTSORT Acid Category Database management systems Category Transaction processing Category Concurrency control ar ACID ca ACID da ACID Transaktion de ACID el ACID es ACID ko ACID it ACID he ACID hu ACID nl ACID ja ACID pl ACID pt ACID ru ACID simple ACID fi ACID ta , , , uk ACID vi ACID zh ACID ... more details
is extraordinarily toxic to vulture s, interferes with the renal transport of uricacid via the PAH ... vulture is associated with decreased uricacid excretion and not renal portal vasoconstriction journal ...Drugbox Watchedfields changed verifiedrevid 443661015 IUPAC name 2 4 Aminobenzoyl amino acetic acid image aminohippuric acid.png drug name Aminohippurate Clinical data tradename pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration Pharmacokinetic data bioavailability protein bound metabolism elimination half life excretion Identifiers CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CAS number 61 78 9 CAS supplemental br 94 16 6 sodium salt CAS verified ATC prefix V04 ATC suffix CH30 PubChem 2148 DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank DrugBank DB00345 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 2063 UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII Y79XT83BJ9 KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg KEGG D06890 ChEBI Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEBI 104011 ChEMBL Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEMBL 463 Chemical data C 9 H 10 N 2 O 3 molecular weight 194.19 g mol smiles O C c1ccc N cc1 NCC O O InChI 1 C9H10N2O3 c10 7 3 1 6 2 4 7 9 14 11 5 8 12 13 h1 4H,5,10H2, H,11,14 H,12,13 InChIKey HSMNQINEKMPTIC UHFFFAOYAW StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI ..., 4 Aminohippuric acid , N 4 Aminobenzoyl glycine, para Aminohippurate Aminohippuric acid or para aminohippuric acid PAH , a derivative of hippuric acid , is a diagnostic agent useful in medical tests ... acid glycine and para aminobenzoic acid . Uses Diagnostics PAH is useful for the measurement ... Aminohippuric acid is often used as the sodium salt chemistry salt sodium para aminohippurate. During ... reflist Diagnostic agents renal physiology Category Amino acid derivatives Category Anilines ... more details
common examples include Lactic acid Acetic acid Formic acid Citric acid Oxalic acidUricacid Characteristics ...refimprove date April 2009 Acids and bases An organic acid is an organic compound with acid ic properties. The most common organic acids are the carboxylic acid s, whose acidity is associated with their carboxyl group COOH. Sulfonic acid s, containing the group SO sub 2 sub OH, are relatively stronger ... stability of the conjugate base of the acid determines its acidity. Other groups can also confer ... the strong mineral acid s do. Lower molecular mass organic acids such as formic acid formic and lactic acid s are miscibility miscible in water, but higher molecular mass organic acids, such as benzoic acid , are insoluble in molecular neutral form. On the other hand, most organic acids are very soluble in organic solvents. p Toluenesulfonic acid p Toluenesulfonic acid is a comparatively strong acid used in organic chemistry often because it is able to dissolve in the organic reaction solvent ... the polarity of the compound. Applications Simple organic acids like formic acid formic or acetic acid acetic acids are used for oil and gas well stimulation treatments. These organic acids are much less reactive with metals than are strong mineral acids like hydrochloric acid HCl or mixtures of HCl and hydrofluoric acid HF . For this reason, organic acids are used at high temperatures or when long contact times between acid and pipe are needed. Citation needed date March 2008 The conjugate base s of organic acids such as citric acid citrate and Lactic acid lactate are often used in biologically ... acid small L small lactic , citric acid citric , and D glucuronic acid small D small glucuronic acids that contain hydroxyl or carboxyl group s. Human blood and urine contain these plus organic acid ... to right carboxylic acid , sulfonic acid . The acidic hydrogen in each molecule is colored red. Application ... to inhibit the growth of bacteria, compared to undissociated acids. Lactic acid and its salts ... more details
Ketoglutaric acid or oxoglutaric acid may refer to either of two chemical compounds alpha Ketoglutaric acid Ketoglutaric acid acetonedicarboxylic acid Ketoglutaric acid acetonedicarboxylic acid disambig ... more details
sup Synthesis Cyanuric acid CYA was first synthesized by Friedrich W hler in 1829 by the thermal decomposition of urea and uricacid . ref W hler, F. On the decomposition of urea and uricacid at high ... 250px ImageName Structural formulae of both tautomers ImageFileR2 Cyanuric acid from xtal 3D ... acid triol 3D balls.png ImageSizeL2 120px ImageNameL2 Ball and stick model of the triol tautomer ... 2,4,6 1 H ,3 H ,5 H trione s Triazinetrione Tricarbimide Isocyanuric acid Seudocyanuric acid Section1 ... Cyanuric fluoride br Cyanuric chloride Function triazine s OtherCpds Cyanuric acid or 1,3,5 triazine ... was 160 million kilograms. ref name Ullmann Klaus Huthmacher, Dieter Most Cyanuric Acid and Cyanuric ... 14356007.a08 191 ref Properties and synthesis Properties Cyanuric acid is the cyclic trimer chemistry trimer of the elusive species cyanic acid , HOCN. The two chemical structure structures shown in the infobox ... melamine cyanurate , which locks cyanuric acid in the tri keto tautomer and makes melamine cyanurate ... crystallizes from water as the dihydrate. Cyanuric acid can be produced by hydrolysis of crude or waste melamine followed by crystallization. Acid waste streams from plants producing these materials contain cyanuric acid and on occasion, dissolved amino substituted triazines, namely, ammeline , ammelide ... with a stoichiometric amount of melamine, by which means the cyanuric acid present precipitates as melamine cyanuric acid complex . The various waste streams containing cyanuric acid and amino substituted triazines may be combined for disposal and during upset conditions, undissolved cyanuric acid ... acid url http www.freepatentsonline.com 4278794.html date July 14, 1981 accessdate 2007 12 10 ref ref name CYApat2 cite web title High pressure thermal hydrolysis process to decompose triazines in acid ... acid , biuret , and triuret H sub 2 sub N CO NH sub 2 sub HNCO NH sub 3 sub H sub 2 sub N CO NH sub ... reaction and importance to cyanuric acid production, American Laboratory, August 1999 13 21 ... more details
Drugbox IUPAC name 2,3 dichloro 4 2 thienylcarbonyl phenoxy acetic acid image Tienilic acid.svg Clinical data tradename pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU Unscheduled S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL P POM CD Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status Withdrawn routes of administration Oral Pharmacokinetic data bioavailability protein bound 95 metabolism Liver Hepatic elimination half life 6 hours excretion Kidney Renal and biliary Identifiers CAS number 40180 04 9 ATC prefix C03 ATC suffix CC02 PubChem 38409 DrugBank UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII HC95205SY4 KEGG D02386 ChEMBL 267744 Chemical data C 13 H 8 Cl 2 O 4 S 1 molecular weight 331.17 g mol smiles C1 CSC C1 C O C2 C C C C C2 OCC O O Cl Cl Tienilic acid International Nonproprietary Name INN and British Approved Name BAN or ticrynafen United States Adopted Name USAN is a loop diuretic drug with uricacid lowering uricosuric action, ref pmid 6844125 ref ref pmid 471151 ref formerly marketed for the treatment of hypertension . It was approved by FDA on May 2, 1979, and withdrawn in 1982, after case reports in the United States indicated a link between the use of ticrynafen and hepatitis . ref Manier JW, Chang WW, Kirchner JP, Beltaos E 1982 . Hepatotoxicity associated with ticrynafen &ndash ... Law Report. September October 1984, 3 9 10 206 214. ref Tienilic acid was found to act as a suicide ... carried out by these enzymes converted tienilic acid to a thiophene sulfoxide which proved highly ... in tienilic acid being covalently linked to the enzyme, thus inhibiting the enzyme irreversibly ... on the protein is also not known could be multiple . However tienilic acid is a good mechanism based ... day give the answer. Recent studies indicate that in fact the primary metabolite of tienilic acid 5 OH tienilic acid cannot be derived from a thiophene S oxide intermediate as was previously hypothesized ... more details
Aminobenzoic acid a benzoic acid with an amino group can refer to Para Aminobenzoic acid para Aminobenzoic acid p aminobenzoic acid or 4 aminobenzoic acid 3 Aminobenzoic acid m aminobenzoic acid Anthranilic acid 2 aminobenzoic acid, o aminobenzoic acid disambig pl Kwas aminobenzoesowy ... more details
Hydroxypropanoic acid , or alternately hydroxypropionic acid , may refer to either of two isomer ic chemical compounds 3 Hydroxypropionic acid hydracrylic acid Lactic acid 2 hydroxypropanoic acid disambig ... more details
Image 3 Deoxy D manno oct 2 ulosonic acid linear.png thumb 200px The ulosonic acid ketodeoxyoctulosonic acid . An ulosonic acid is a sugar acid obtained by the oxidation of the 1 hydroxyl group of a ketose to a carboxylic acid , creating an alpha keto acid . An example of an ulosonic acid is ketodeoxyoctulosonic acid . chemistry stub Category Sugar acids fr Acide ulosonique ... more details
eleostearic acid is a fatty acid , one of two isomer s of octadecatrienoic acid alpha Eleostearic acid Eleostearic acid or 9Z,11E,13E 9,11,13 octadecatrienoic acid, which occurs in tung oil and bitter gourd seed oil beta eleostearic acid Eleostearic acid or 9E,11E,13E 9,11,13 octadecatrienoic acid. disamb ... more details
acid is less sensitive to reduction than phosphomolybdic acid. Reduction with uricacid or iron II sulfate produces a brown coloured compound. the related silicotungstic acid when reduced ...chembox verifiedrevid 428739813 Name Phosphotungstic acid ImageFile Phosphotungstate 3D polyhedra.png ImageSize 200px ImageName Structure of the phosphotungstate anion OtherNames Tungstophosphoric acid TPA br Phosphotungstic acid PTA, PWA 12 Phosphotungstic acid br 12 Tungstophosphoric acid ref Cotton ... br Dodecatungstophosphoric acid Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 1343 93 7 CASNo Ref cascite correct ... 89 C hydrate BoilingPt Phosphotungstic acid PTA , tungstophosphoric acid TPA , is a heteropoly acid ... present as a hydrate. EPTA is the name of ethanol ic phosphotungstic acid, its alcohol solution ... ref called it phospho 24 tungstic acid, formulating it as 3H sub 2 sub O.P sub 2 sub O sub 5 sub ... The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry 19, 11, 1971, 641 ref Phosphotungstic acid ... of dyes from these materials, selectively decoloring them. Phosphotungstic acid is electron dense ..., 9 ref summarises the historical views on the structure of phosphotungstic acid leading up to Keggin ... of 12 Phosphotungstic Acid J. F. Keggin, Nature 1933, 131, 908. ref and then in 1934 ref The Structure and Formula of 12 Phosphotungstic Acid J.F. Keggin. Proc. Roy. Soc., A, 144, 851, 75 100 ... as Keggin had proposed. ref Dodecatungstophosphoric acid hexahydrate, H sub 5 sub O sub 2 sub sup ... and chemical properties Phosphotungstic acid can be prepared by the reaction of sodium tungstate , Na sub 2 sub WO sub 4 sub .2H sub 2 sub O, with phosphoric acid , H sub 3 sub PO sub 4 sub , acidified with hydrochloric acid , HCl. ref name Wu Phosphotungstic acid solutions decompose as the pH ... name zhu Tungstophosphoric acid is thermally stable up to 400 C, and is more stable than the analogous silicotungstic acid , H sub 4 sub SiW sub 12 sub O sub 40 sub . ref name okuharaencyclo Oxide ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Image Zitronens ure Citric acid.svg thumb Citric acid A tricarboxylic acid is an organic chemistry organic carboxylic acid whose chemical structure contains three carboxyl group carboxyl functional group s COOH . The best known example of a tricarboxylic acid is citric acid . Examples Citric acid Isocitric acid Aconitic acid Propane 1,2,3 tricarboxylic acid tricarballylic acid, carballylic acid Trimesic acid See also Citric acid cycle tricarboxylic acid cycle Dicarboxylic acid Mellitic acid DEFAULTSORT Tricarboxylic Acid Category Carboxylic acids Organic chem stub es cido tricarbox lico fr Acide tricarboxylique pt cido tricarbox lico ... more details
Nitrogen acid may refer to any of the following Nitric acid , HNO sub 3 sub Nitrous acid , HNO sub 2 sub disambig simple Nitrogen acid ... more details
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