A user journey is, colloquialism colloquially in the UK and parts of the US, the experiences a person has when utilizing interacting with something typically software . This idea is generally found in user experience circles around web design and how users interact with software experiences. It is often used as a shorthand short hand for the overall user experience and set of actions that one can take in a software virtual reality virtual experience. References Unreferenced date February 2010 references references computing stub technology stub Category Computer mediated communication ... more details
User modeling is a subdivision of human computer interaction and describes the process of building up and modifying a user model. The main goal of user modeling is customization and Adaptation computer science adaptation of systems to the user s specific needs. The system needs to say the right thing at the right time in the right way . ref name Fischer Citation last1 Fischer first1 Gerhard title User Modeling in Human Computer Interaction journal User Modeling and User Adapted Interaction 11 pages 65 68 year 2001 ref To do so it needs an internal representation of the user. Another common purpose ... last2 Taatgen first2 Niels chapter User Modeling title Handbook of human factors in Web design pages 424 439 publisher Lawrence Erlbaum Associates year 2005 ref User models can thus serve as a cheaper alternative to user testing . User Model A user model represents a collection of personal data associated with a specific user. Therefore, it is the basis for any adaptive changes to the system s behavior ... with the system. There are different design patterns for user models, though often a mixture ... Wendy title An Evaluation of Adapted Hypermedia Techniques Using Static User Modelling journal Proceedings ... ah98 Hothi Hothi.html ref Static user models Static user models are the most basic kinds of user models. Once the main data is gathered they are normally not changed again, they are static .... Dynamic user models Dynamic user models allow a more up to date representation of users. Changes ... the user models. The models can thus be updated and take the current needs and goals of the users into account. Stereotype based user models Stereotype based user models are based on Demographics ... therefore can make assumptions about a user even though there might be no data about that specific .... Thus, stereotype based user models mainly rely on statistics and do not take into account that personal attributes might not match the stereotype. However, they allow predictions about a user ... more details
The user interface , in the industrial design field of Human computer interaction human machine interaction ... between a human and a machine at the user interface is effective operation and control of the machine ... concept of user interfaces include the interactive aspects of computer operating system ... considerations applicable when creating user interfaces are related to or involve such disciplines as ergonomics and psychology . A user interface is the system by which people User computing user s Interaction interact with a machine . The user interface includes hardware physical and software logical components. User interfaces exist for various system s, and provide a means of Input, allowing the users ... Generally, the goal of human machine interaction engineering is to produce a user interface ... , the term user interface has taken on overtones of the graphical user interface , while industrial .... Other terms for user interface include human computer interface HCI and man machine interface ... and exact speed of the vehicle by reading the speedometer . The user interface of the automobile ... a user interface and an operator interface or a human machine interface. The term user interface is often ... 2010 The system may expose several user interfaces to serve different kinds of users. For example, a computerized library database might provide two user interfaces, one for library patrons limited ... thumb HMI of a machine for the sugar industry with pushbuttons The user interface of a Machine ... implants . fact date December 2011 In some circumstance computers might observe the user, and react ... topics User interfaces are considered by some authors to be a prime ingredient of Computer user satisfaction . cite The Interaction design design of a user interface affects the amount of effort the user ... user interface takes into account the human psychology and physiology of the users, and makes ... of the user interface, but is also associated with the functionalities of the product and the process ... more details
File User Profile Info Model.png thumb User Profile Info Model The user profile originated with the first social portal, Tsunmai CE Corp, in 1999 for it s SharedNetwork subscribers. Tsunami CE Corp recognized early in 1999 tracking data of a person or organization or business would not be sufficient for future connections without implementing all aspects important to the profile to be ePublished. For this reason, Tsunami CE Corp founder Annette Abbott added to the user profile image, video, audio and other uploadable digital media data. Annette Abbott is also responsible for the editing capabilities of the user profile seen on social media today. The user profile is currently offered as a product available for licenisng through Tsunami s parent company, CEhub, Inc. The network provides an infrastructure featureing shared servers, shared software, shared storage and shared networking for the purpose of making connections, data analysis, marketing and selling products and services at a greatly reduced rate. This method of doing business established in 1999 by Tsunami CE Corp is under patent and offered for licensing through its parent company CEhub, Inc. A user profile userprofile , or simply profile when used in context is a collection of personal data associated to a specific User computing user . A profile refers therefore to the explicit digital representation of a person s Online identity identity . A user profile can also be considered as the computer representation of a user modeling user model . A profile can be used to store the description of the characteristics of person ... of a profile via the extraction from a set of data. User profiles can be found on operating system ... profile Online identity Personalization Profiling Stereotype User modeling Windows CardSpace ... overview.mspx?mfr true Microsoft on User Profiles Online social networking Social networking DEFAULTSORT User Profile Category Software features Category Knowledge representation Category Identity ... more details
The user illusion is the illusion created for the user by a human computer interface , for example the desktop metaphor visual metaphor of a desktop used in many graphical user interfaces . The phrase originated at Xerox PARC ref cite book author Bruce Tognazzini authorlink Bruce Tognazzini title Tog on Software Design isbn 0 201 48917 1 date 1996 publisher Addison Wesley Professional url http books.google.com books?id UKBQAAAAMAAJ ref . Some Philosophy of mind philosophers of mind have argued that consciousness is a form of user illusion. This notion is explored by Tor N rretranders in his 1991 Danish book M rk verden , issued in a 1998 English edition as The User Illusion Cutting Consciousness Down to Size . ref cite book author Tor N rretranders authorlink Tor N rretranders title The User Illusion Cutting Consciousness Down to Size isbn 0 670 87579 1 date 1998 publisher Viking url http books.google.com books?id TwMwAAAAMAAJ ref He introduced the notion of exformation in this book. According to this picture, our experience of the world is not immediate, as all sensation requires processing time. It follows that our conscious experience is less a perfect reflection of what is occurring, and more a simulation produced unconsciously by the brain. Therefore, there may exist phenomenon that exists beyond our peripheries, beyond what consciousness could create to isolate or reduce them. See also Bicameralism psychology References reflist Category User interfaces Category Consciousness studies Category Artificial intelligence philosophy stub ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2007 User expectations refers to the consistency that users expect from products. Interaction design is very concerned with this topic. For example, our user expectations for traffic behavior is one of the more consistent ones because it is governed by traffic law s that are enforced. Software , or even worse small consumer electronics , on the other hand, can have widely varying degrees of consistency. A good rule of thumb or design principle to use in interaction design is to follow the Principle of least astonishment . In the case of interactive software application s, for example, users form expectations based on their experience with similar kinds of software. Effective software design aims to conform with prevailing norms for aspects of behavior such as the software s user interface and its response time responsiveness . A commonly noted sign of poor usability and human factors due to the violation of user expectations is when information sign signs are needed for common things like doors. This was made famous by Donald A. Norman in his seminal book The Psychology of Everyday Things . There is also a website devoted to such Bad Designs http baddesigns.com . See also User experience design External links http www.adaptivepath.com publications essays archives 000272.php User Expectations in a World of Smart Devices, by Mike Kuniavsky http webword.com moving expectations.html Managing User Expectations, by John Rhodes http www.scottberkun.com essays 5 how to avoid foolish consistency How to Avoid Foolish Consistency , by Scott Berkun Category Design ... more details
Unreferenced January 2010 date September 2010 User pays , or beneficiary pays , is a pricing approach based on the idea that the most efficient allocation of resources occurs when consumer s pay the full cost of the goods that they consume. In public finance it stands with another principle of Progressive tax ability to pay , which states that those who have the means should share more of the burden of public services . The ability to pay principle is one the reasons for the general acceptance of the progressive income tax system. The principle of user pay supports the idea of horizontal equity , which states that those in similar wealth and income positions should be treated equally by the tax system. The basic idea is that those who do not use a service should not be obligated to pay for it. As long as the beneficiary aligns exactly with the user, the user pay principle works. Those who do not go to a movie are not obligated to pay for someone else to attend. In public goods, beneficiaries and users often do not align. The divergence of user and beneficiary occurs when Production economics production and Consumption economics consumption have external effects. The driver, who purchases gasoline , may believe he or she is paying for the full cost user pay of using gasoline, except that greenhouse gases are produced. These impose costs on the Environment biophysical environment and are believed to contribute to climate change . The beneficiaries must bear costs not paid in the purchase of gasoline. In this case the user pay principle results in the driver not paying the full or social cost of using fossil fuels , which creates a strong argument for regulation and other forms of public intervention. Increasing taxes on gasoline is one possible response that preserves the user pay principle by increasing the costs to user. References Reflist DEFAULTSORT User Pays Category Pricing Category Economics terminology nl Profijtbeginsel ... more details
Incomplete date October 2007 Infobox Magazine title Sinclair User image file sinclair user cover.jpg image size 200px image caption Cover of Sinclair User from 1987 editor editor title previous editor Apr 1982 John Sterlicchi br May 82 Jan 84 Nigel Clark br Feb 84 May 86 Bill Scolding br Jun 86 Apr 88 David Kelly br Mar 88 May 89 Graham Taylor br Jun 89 Nov 90 Jim Douglas br Dec 90 Apr 92 Garth Sumpter br May 92 May 93 Alan Dykes staff writer frequency Monthly circulation category Computer magazines company ECC Publications Ltd April 1982 August 1984 br EMAP September 84 May 1993 publisher firstdate April 1982 country United Kingdom based language English language English website issn 0262 5458 ... title April 1993, Issue 134 publisher Sinclair User Magazine Online work ysincuser.f9.co.uk accessdate 2006 11 15 ref Sinclair User , often abbreviated SU , was a magazine dedicated to the Sinclair ... User but in practice this meant little more than the addition of the Crash logo to the magazine ... to something aimed more at children. Timex Sinclair User Image Timex Sinclair User FAIR USE ONLY.jpg thumb 220px left Timex Sinclair User was a spin off published for the US market. A short lived ref http www.worldofspectrum.org timex tsuser.htm ref spin off known as Timex Sinclair User was also ... www.worldofspectrum.org timex tsuser.htm ref See also Image Sinclair User Early Example FAIR USE ONLY.jpg ... more than one example of Sinclair User cover is justified here Your Sinclair CRASH magazine CRASH External links http www.sincuser.f9.co.uk SUMO Sinclair User Magazine Online , an unofficial online archive of the Sinclair User ftp ftp.worldofspectrum.org pub sinclair magazines SinclairUser SinclairUserViewer.html Sinclair User WOS Images of scanned pages of Sinclair User at World of Spectrum http ... User review. References references Category British video game magazines Category Home computer ... magazines fr Sinclair User hu Sinclair User ru Sinclair User NOTOC ... more details
merge Internaut date March 2012 A power user is a user computing user of a personal computer who has the ability to use advanced features of programs which are beyond the abilities of normal users, but is not necessarily capable of programming and system administration . In enterprise software systems such as Oracle or SAP ERP SAP , this title may go to an individual who is not a programmer , but who is a specialist in a transaction or a business process. The Super User in enterprise programs SAP ... system. Other uses Power user can also be a marketing term referring to a computer user who ..., many companies have created a Super User Model also called Power User, Champion in order to take ... three objectives ref name insiteobjects http www.insiteobjects.com papers Super User.pdf Super User Whitepaper , The Super User Model in SAP ref ref name insiteobjects a http www.insiteobjects.com webisodes episode2.html The SAP Super User Video Summary , The Super User Model in SAP Video by Insite ... there was specifically with the Super User Model in SAP, specifically in regard to the role they take ... of the Super User Model. Power User can also be described as a term for a leader non programmer in enterprise ... their normal user job role, but also function in testing, training, and first tier support of the enterprise ... that gives more permissions than a normal restricted user, but stops short of Superuser Windows NT Administrator permissions. If a user is a member of the Power Users group, he or she has greater chance of exposing the system to malware over a normal user and is able to privilege escalation ... Vista as part of the consolidation of privilege elevation features in the introduction of User ... nobody username superuser luser References Reflist External links Wiktionary power user http www.wellesley.edu ... and other user groups in Windows active directory DEFAULTSORT Power User Category Computing terminology ar de Power User es Usuario avanzado ko he Power User pt Usu rio avan ado ... more details
A user of a system is a person who interacts with the system, to enable its operation , or to utilize its function. User types Users authorized to change the way the system behaves are often called operators . Users who need to concern the system, but do not operate it, are sometimes called audience . For example, when a driver car operator uses the horn to warn a pedestrian, then the driver is the horn operator and the pedestrian is the audience. ref http ergolight sw.com CHI Company Articles Alarm Reliability.pdf Harel 2006 . Alarm Reliability, User Experience Magazine, Vol 5., Issue 3 ref Other examples of various types of users are the operators of electronic boards , such as in airports or in eCommerce, who advertise the messages, and the audience, who read the messages. Related terms This term is distinguished from users in computing see User computing , in which the user is often a piece of software , called agent that needs another piece of software for its operation. This kind of terminology is typical of computer operation, which adopts terms used in daily human activities files, programs, program entry and exit, quitting, abortion, desktop, mouse, and more . This term is synonymous with end user , a term introduced by software developers , to distinguish the irrational user from themselves ref http www.dorsethouse.com pdf Dorset House psy.pdf Gerald Weinberg 1971 . The psychology of computer programming ref Unlike consumer products , the customers of systems are not the same as the users. Typically, the customer is often an organization , and the user is an employee of that organization. This implies, for example, that in case of significant loss due to use error , the customer seeks to nominate the user as accountable for the loss. References Reflist Category Cybernetics Category Systems Category Systems theory Category Systems science Category Systems engineering Category Ergonomics Category Usability th ... more details
Windows USER is a component of the Microsoft Windows operating system that provides core functionality for building simple user interfaces . The component has existed in all versions of Windows, and includes functionality for Window manager window management , message passing , Input device input processing and standard GUI widget controls . Functionality and Role Windows USER provides a large part of the core user experience for Microsoft Windows. Historically, USER was responsible for ref name petzold Petzold, Charles 1998 . Programming Windows Fifth Edition , Microsoft Press, ISBN 978 1572319950 . ref ref name chen Chen, Raymond 2007 . The Old New Thing , Addison Wesley Professional, ISBN 978 0321440303 ref Causing windows to be drawn Obscuring stacking window manager overlapping windows ... dialog box management short cut keys, tab key processing Processing all user input from the mouse and keyboard ... USER has cooperated with other components to provide this functionality Controls Starting with Windows ... from Windows USER to the Desktop Window Manager . Standard Visuals Starting with Windows XP, visual ... Windows USER implements abstractions that are used to build Windows applications. These include ... functions in Windows USER manipulate properties on HWNDs such as size, position and title. Each HWND ... code, and other details such as mouse position. Message Loop By combining calls to Windows USER .... Developer functionality related to Windows USER is provided in the C header file winuser.h. Implementation In 16 bit versions of Windows, Windows USER was implemented as a file called user.exe. The file extension here was a misnomer, as Windows USER was in fact always a dynamic link library . In 32 bit versions of Windows, the 32 bit version of Windows USER is called user32.dll, while compatibility ... bit versions of Windows, the 64 bit implementation of Windows USER is called user32.dll, while ... API calls list USER32.DLL Tips for using the User API Client Library with Visual Basic http www.webtropy.com ... more details
unreferenced date December 2010 Image Smoking Crack.jpg thumb upright 1 A woman smoking Crack cocaine crack from a glass Pipe smoking pipe . A drug user is a person who drug use uses drugs either legal ly or illegally. The term user is typically employed more to refer to illegal drug trade illegal drug use by a person who is often part of a drug subculture subculture of recreational drug use . fact date February 2012 Drug users are often referred to as heads , depending on the drug used, i.e., pothead, hophead, crackhead, etc. fact date February 2012 A drug user may or may not also be a drug abuse r, and may or may not have one or more drug addiction s. See also Recreational drug use drug rehabilitation self medication substance abuse substance dependence wiktionary user commons category recreational drug use Category Drug culture Category Illegal drug trade es consumidor drogas ... more details
In computing , a user agent is software a software agent that is acting on behalf of a user computing user . For example, an email reader is a Mail User Agent , and in the Session Initiation Protocol SIP , the term user agent refers to both end points of a communications session. ref RFC 3261, SIP Session Initiation Protocol , IETF, The Internet Society 2002 ref In many cases, a user agent acts as a client ... originating the request, using a User Agent header, even when the client is not operated by a user. The SIP protocol based on HTTP followed this usage. User agent identification When a software agent ... field User Agent . Internet bot Bot s, such as Web crawlers, often also include a Uniform Resource Locator ..., the User Agent string is often used for content negotiation , where the origin server selects suitable content or operating parameters for the response. For example, the User Agent string might be used ... software. The User Agent string is one of the criteria by which Web crawlers may be excluded from ... privacy issue As with many other HTTP request headers, the information in the User Agent string contributes ... from user to user. ref Peter Eckersley. https www.eff.org deeplinks 2010 01 tracking by user agent ... , 27 January 2010. Retrieved 25 August 2011. ref Format The User Agent string format is currently ... The format of the User Agent string in HTTP is a list of product tokens keywords with optional comments. For example if your product were called WikiBrowser, your user agent string might be WikiBrowser ... identified as some version of Mozilla . For this reason, most Web browsers use a User Agent value ... a streamlined experience to joining meetings. User agent spoofing The popularity of various Web browser ... design sent according to the user agent string received. This may mean that less popular browsers are not sent ... download manager s and offline browser s, often have the ability to change the user agent string. Spam bots and Web scrapers often use fake user agents. At times it has been popular among Web developers ... more details
Infobox magazine title The Micro User image file The Micro User issue 1.jpg image size 220px image caption The Micro User issue 1, cover dated March 1983. A reference sticker of the BBC Micro s display modes was mounted on the cover. editor Derek Meakin editor title Managing editor staff writer frequency Monthly circulation 68,328 br ABC Audit Bureau of Circulations UK ABC , January June 1984 category Home computing , information technology , electronics company Database Publications publisher firstdate March 1983 country Flag United Kingdom based Station Street, Stockport , Greater Manchester SK7 language English website issn 0265 4040 finaldate September 1992 finalnumber Vol 10 No 7 The Micro User titled BBC Micro User in the first three issues was a British specialist magazine catering to users of the BBC Micro computer series, Acorn Electron , Acorn Archimedes and, to a limited extent, the Cambridge Z88 . It had a comprehensive mix of reviews of games, application software, and the latest Acorn Computers Acorn computers type in program s duplicated on a cover disk which was available separately , a correspondence page offering help with computer problems, and approachable technical articles on programming and the BBC Micro s internals. The magazine hosted the long running Body Building series by Mike Cook, in which each article introduced a small electronics project that could be built and connected to one of the BBC Micro s I O ports. The project could be ordered in kit form ... User as a pull out this then split off into an independent publication. External links http www.acornelectron.co.uk mags mu top lvl.html The Micro User Cover Scans Acorn Electron World http mags.acornpreservation.org The Micro User Magazine Acorn Preservation Dot Org http www.computinghistory.org.uk sec 381 The Micro User The Micro User Magazine The Centre for Computing History DEFAULTSORT Micro User, The Category Defunct British computer magazines Category Home computer magazines Category Magazines ... more details
Computer User is a computer magazine originally founded in 1982, and which, after several owners and fundamental changes, is still in business today Online magazine online as computeruser.com. This is not to be confused with a magazine briefly published under the name of Computer User by Tandy Corporation Tandy for users of its Tandy computer. ref cite web url http www.vintage computer.com computeruser.shtml title Computer User Magazine publisher Vintage computer.com date 2007 07 08 accessdate 2010 10 08 ref History In the beginning years of publicly popular computer use, Computer User was originally founded in Minneapolis , Minnesota as a free monthly magazine published by Computer User, Inc. a Minnesota corporation . Steven Bianucci, Publisher. Harvard, 1981. Dale Archibald, Editor. Diane ... . Computer User took advantage of a tradition in the Twin Cities metropolitan area of placing free ... be subscribed for mail distribution for 34.95 per year. Computer User won numerous awards such as this from ... Industry Trend or Event Brief Article Computer User & 124 HighBeam Research FREE trial publisher ... date accessdate 2010 10 08 ref Computer User became Franchising franchised to 18 metropolitan ... Computer User provided content and the local publisher provided advertising and some local content ... User Publications, Inc. Computer User was sold to M. S. P. Publications a highly successful Minneapolis based magazine publisher. MSP published Computer User until 2004, when paper publication ... Us publisher Computeruser.com date accessdate 2010 10 08 ref Content Computer User s style was, from the beginning, focused on the user of the then new micro computers. Nearly all other publications ... homebrew video games homebrew , assembled in part or in whole by the user. Computer User Article ... also published an equally popular index of Computer User Groups and their meeting schedules ... http www.computeruser.com articles current issue Current Issue DEFAULTSORT Computer User Category ... more details
cleanup date February 2010 primarysources date February 2010 Infobox magazine title Australian PC User image file http www.eset.my images awards pcuser.gif image size image alt image caption editor Tony Sarno editor title Editor in Chief previous editor Glenn Rees, John Hilvert, Geoffrey Ebbs staff writer frequency Monthly circulation 31,062 category company publisher Australian Consolidated Press firstdate country Australia based Sydney, Australia language English language English website http www.pcuser.com.au link issn PC User is an Australia n general computer magazine , published monthly by Australian Consolidated Press . The magazine s regular content consists of computer hardware and software reviews and previews, technology news and opinion articles, technical how to guides, and a help station feature where the magazine s contributors provide answers to technical queries from readers. In 2009 a NetGuide section was added after the cessation of publication of Australian NetGuide . Each issue includes a companion DVD of free full version software, trial software, game demos and video tutorials, many of which complement articles in the magazine. The magazine also includes software created by contributing writers, including two customized versions of Linux UserOS Ultra , based .... Past & present PC User was first published in 1990 and is Australia s best selling computer magazine, with a monthly circulation of 31,062 as at July December 2011. ref http mumbrella.com.au pc user ... of the Australian Consolidated Press tech magazines including PC User sibling APC Magazine APC . The current editor in chief of PC User is Tony Sarno, who is also editor in chief of APC. ref http mumbrella.com.au pc user editor glenn rees departs 74995 Mumbrella . ref Future In June 2012 PC User ... between the more mainstream PC User and APC, which is aimed at professionals and power users. TechLife will be available in print and tablet editions. ref http mumbrella.com.au acps pc user is reborn ... more details
Disputed date September 2009 Unreferenced date September 2009 A user exit is a subroutine invoked by a software package for a predefined event in the execution of the package. Clients of the package can substitute their own subroutines in place of the default ones provided by the package vendor to provide customized functionality. A typical use is replacing the user exits provided by a sorting algorithm sort merge package, whereby the user program provides its own subroutines for comparing records. The procedures provided by the user take the place of the default routines usually stubs that do nothing but return statement return to their caller provided by the package vendor. Procedures provided as user exits are typically compiler compiled into a static library and Linker computing linked directly with the package to produce an executable executable program . Another approach employs dynamic library dynamic libraries to accomplish the same thing. If the user site specific code is substituted for the software vendor provided default exit it must interface to the software package using the defined parameters as documented for the default exit. User exits are important because while they enable site specific customization they isolate such installation specific customization to defined and supported points enabling the site to upgrade to follow on releases of the software package without adverse impact to preexisting customized functionality. Some references to IBM user exit manuals are given below. Other vendors such as SAP, Oracle, HP, Macro4, Compuware, CA all employ user exits in some of their software products. Title z OS V1R10 DFSMS Installation Exits Document Number SC26 7396 11 Title z OS V1R10.0 JES2 Installation Exits Document Number SA22 7534 10 Title z OS V1R10.0 MVS Installation Exits Document Number SA22 7593 14 Applications Some applications that provide user exits This is intended to be a short illustrative list, not an exhaustive list IBM sort merge package ... more details
According to IFABC Global Web Standards, a unique user UU is An IP address plus a further identifier. The term unique visitor may be used instead of unique user but both terms have essentially the same meaning see below . Sites may use User agent User Agent , http cookie Cookie and or Registration ID. Note that where users are not allocated IP addresses Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol dynamically for example by dial up Internet service provider s , this definition may overstate or understate the real number of individual users concerned. ref http www.grb.uk.com 263.0.html Jargon buster Graduate Recruitment Bureau Bot generated title ref Unique users is a common measurement of the popularity of a website , often quoted to potential advertisers or investors, and measured over a standard period of time, typically a month. However, Greg Harmon of Belden Research says may overstate is a gross understatement. Remember, it s just an identifier of a computer, not a person. And usually, the computer is identified by a cookie which is most often specific to an individual browser on that computer. Since an increasing percentage of people in the United States at least now have access to a computer at home and at work or school, one may have to divide the reported total of unique users in half ... of content to a number of distinct consumers. A common mistake in using Unique User numbers is not adding Unique User numbers across the same different dimensions. A Unique User metric is only ... the number of weekly Unique Users only that the Unique User count for the week is between 100 ... must be used at every step. Limitations of Unique User Numbers Unique User counts for websites are typically ... meaning as unique user and is simply an alternative title for the statistic. When cookies are used to track Unique Users, then br 1 Cookie Flushing will cause Unique User numbers to be inflated. br 2 Browsers set to not accept cookies will be ignored or an IP address and or User Agent String may ... more details
Dragon User was a British magazine for users of the Dragon 32 64 computers published from 1982 by Sunshine Publications . Production of the computers themselves had ceased by 1985 but the user community remained sufficiently active to justify the magazine s continuation until 1989. Publication From its launch until June 1986, Dragon User appeared on the shelves of major newsagents such as WHSmith in a full colour glossy picture cover. A number of different editors were involved during this initial period, including Brendon Gore, Martin Croft and John Cook. From July 1986, the magazine was available only by subscription and the cover changed to a simple red and black print with a contents listing on the front. Hereafter, Dragon User was edited by Helen Armstrong. In June 1988, publication moved from Sunshine at Little Newport Street, London to Dragon Publications , an operation set up by Helen Armstrong and software producer Bob Harris specifically to continue the magazine. This new venture did not last long, however. By the new year, only 1500 or so of the subscribers had renewed compared ... and so the final Dragon User was the January 1989 issue. Armstrong seemed genuinely surprised by the sudden ... user base, urging them to support the National Dragon Users Group NDUG and the other remaining independent Dragon publications. Content Dragon User followed a fairly standard model for computer ... Software Machine Launch June 1984 a fantastical account of a user s adventures with his talking ... Home page of Jason Orbaum, former Dragon User writer and reviewer http www.mikegerrard.com ... Lee Puzzle The late Gordon Lee first proposed this puzzle in the May 1984 issue of Dragon User ...?option com remository&Itemid 25&func selectfolder&filecatid 7 Dragon User Archive in www.dragon archive.co.uk http www.zzap64.co.uk cgi bin displayinlay.pl?inlay dudvd The Dragon User DVD Project http www.computinghistory.org.uk cgi bin sitewise.pl?act sect&pt 1094 371&s 390 The Dragon User Magazine ... more details
no footnotes date October 2010 User innovation refers to innovation by intermediate users e.g. user firm s or consumer users individual end user s or user communities , rather than by supplier s producers .... Often, user innovators will share their ideas with manufacturers in hopes of having them produce ... are fundamentally social. User innovation, therefore, is also socially and socio technically distributed ... Press, 2002. ref key uses are often unintended uses invented by user communities that reinterpret and reinvent the meaning of emerging technological opportunities. The existence of user innovation ... user method that can be used to systematically learn about user innovation in order to apply it in new product development . User innovation has a number of degrees innovation of use, innovation ... themselves. While most user innovation is concentrated in use and configuration of existing ... easier for user innovation to occur and have an impact. Recent research has focused on Web based forums that facilitate user or customer innovation referred to as virtual customer environment , these forums ... of T shirt sales. These incentives allow Threadless to encourage continual user contribution ... Review , October 2008. ref Footnotes references Sources Bilgram, V. Brem, A. Voigt, K. I. User Centric Innovations in New Product Development Systematic Identification of Lead User Harnessing Interactive ... R.G. 2007 Barriers to user innovation & the paradigm of licensing to innovate, Doctoral dissertation ... technologies Participatory design Professional amateurs Toolkits for User Innovation Domestication ... yourmoney 25Proto.html? r 1&ref yourmoney&oref slogin New York Times on User Innovation 2007 http dynamist.com articles speeches nyt innovation.html New York Times on User Innovation 2005 http web.mit.edu evhippel www books.htm Eric Von Hippel s books on user innovation , available under the creative ... about user contribution systems in the business world. It is based on the http www.hbsp.harvard.edu ... more details
Electron User was a magazine targeted at owners of the Acorn Electron microcomputer. It was published by Database Publications of Stockport , starting in October 1983 and ending after 82 issues in July 1990. Initially it was included as a 16 page pullout supplement to The Micro User but after four such editions it became a standalone title and within a year had grown to an average length of around 64 pages. The focus was news stories, type in program s and software reviews. It also contained cheat code s and a long running column on adventure game s initially by Merlin in a column entitled Merlin s Cave and subsequently by Pendragon . Its advertisers included the top BBC Electron games distributors of the day, such as Acornsoft and Superior Software . Often the April dated edition of the magazine included an April Fools Day joke, generally consisting of a short machine code type in listing which claimed to do something extremely useful and of wide interest but which in fact printed APRIL FOOL on the screen. Examples included a program to predict what text the user would type next a program to compile BASIC programs directly into machine code leveraging the machine s BASIC interpreter a program to display colours on a monochrome screen by rapidly modulating the pixels citing a recent Tomorrow s World External links http www.acornelectron.co.uk Acorn Electron World website including complete archive of page by page scans of all issues of Electron User http mags.acornpreservation.org Electron User index.php Acornmags Electron User section italic title Category Home computer magazines Category Defunct British computer magazines Category Acorn Computers Category Publications established in 1983 Category Publications disestablished in 1990 Europe compu mag stub UK sci mag stub ... more details
In the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System UMTS and 3GPP Long Term Evolution LTE , user equipment UE is any device used directly by an end user to communicate. It can be a hand held telephone, a laptop computer equipped with a mobile broadband adapter, or any other device. It connects to the Base transceiver station base station Node B eNodeB as specified in the ETSI 125 136 series and 3GPP 25 36 series of specifications. It roughly corresponds to the mobile station MS in GSM systems. The radio interface between the UE and the Node B is called Uu . The radio interface between the UE and the eNodeB is called LTE Uu . Functionality UE handles the following tasks towards the core network Mobility management Call control Session management Identity management The corresponding protocols are transmitted transparently via a Node B, that is, Node B does not change, use or understand the information. These protocols are also referred to as Non Access Stratum protocols. External links http www.3gpp.org ftp Specs html info 25 series.htm 3GPP 25 series of specifications http www.3gpp.org ftp Specs html info 36 series.htm 3GPP 36 series of specifications Category Mobile telecommunications user equipment Category Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Category Mobile telecommunications standards Category 3rd Generation Partnership Project standards it User Equipment telecomm stub ... more details
Advert date April 2011 orphan date January 2008 Infobox Company company name VoIP User company logo Image VoIP User Logo.png company slogan vector logo company type Non profit genre foundation 2003 founder ... http www.voipuser.org www.voipuser.org footnotes VoIP User was a community driven and financed ... members to experiment with SIP and IAX2 devices. Features The VoIP User network was designed to operate ... phone numbers through VoIP User s PSTN gateway without incurring any call charges. The way that VoIP User is funded is noteworthy Calls into VoIP User s numbers generate a small amount of per minute ... goes into a community account or pot . Outbound calls from VoIP User then call upon this pot and use ... routes which may vary meaning the VoIP User PSTN gateway will only route calls to any country which ... according to rate tables that come from VoIP User s own PSTN line provider s , so costs vary over ... and commercial policies. Where VoIP User varies from a commercial telco, though, is that the intention ... by the VoIP User network can be seen on their analytics page. Members can obtain a UK non ..., or any SIP or IAX2 based VoIP device. Web forum In addition to the telco features of VoIP User, it also .... Staff and founders VoIP User was created by Dean Elwood and Tjardick van der Kraan in July 2003 and both ... and imagining and creating new features for VoIP User. The forum community itself also contributes a lot to VoIP User, with many experienced developers, gurus and engineers offering help and advice ... a quick buck have sometimes tried to harness the VoIP User network in order to connect paying customers .... VoIP User handles this with a variety of measures, including the 10 minute call limit, and in extremis ... User has seen many patterns of call fraud and has created tools and techniques to combat them based on the detection of those patterns. Technology, protocols and architecture VoIP User currently supports ... calls. It also supports SIP SiMPLE for Instant Messaging and Presence. Most of the VoIP User core ... more details
ushmc ushmc.html ref past editions for free. Main Topics of the HUD USER Website The HUD USER Clearinghouse ... website http www.huduser.org about pdrconta.html HUD USER s Contact Information http www.azchampion.com ... more details
Lead user is a technical term term developed by Eric von Hippel in 1986 harvnb Von Hippel 1986 . His definition for lead user is Lead users face need s that will be general in a market place but face them ... to benefit significantly by obtaining a solution to those needs. In other words Lead users are user computing user s of a Product business product or service that currently experience needs still unknown to the public and who also benefit greatly if they obtain a solution to these needs. Lead user method introduction The Lead User Method is a market research tool that may be used by companies and or individuals seeking to develop breakthrough products. Lead User methodology was originally developed ... that collect information from the users at the center of the target market, the Lead User method ... form. The methodology involves four major steps Start of the Lead User process Identification of Needs ... of Lead User Method section of this article for more examples of lead user identification. By learning ... explored the effectiveness of this theory in terms of identifying any user innovations. The effect ... percent of a given lead user cluster had developed their own version of, or had modified a specific ... attractiveness. For example, Urban and Von Hippel 1988 found that lead user theory can be effectively ... user methodology should be integrated into corporate new product development efforts Urban and Von ..., 2000 Dehne, 2003 Intrachooto, 2004 for example, lead user concepts developed and used at 3M showed ... user method While the lead user methodology has proven to be very successful, select literature highlights some product development scenarios in which the Lead User method may be less effective ... are not suited for this lead user process The lengthy nature of the lead user process can ... cycles or where quick turnaround from research to market delivery is required The lead user method ... of most consumer goods. http techiteasy.org 2007 10 14 connecting technology to market the lead user ... more details
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