Infobox software name Disk Utility logo Image Diskutil.png 64px screenshot Image Disk Utility screenshot.png 220px Disk Utility screenshot caption author developer Apple Inc. released latest release version 12.1 latest release date February 1, 2012 latest preview version latest preview date operating system Mac OS X platform language genre Software utilityUtility license Proprietary software Proprietary website Disk Utility is the name of a Utility software utility created by Apple Inc. Apple for performing Disk storage disk related tasks in Mac OS X . These tasks include ref http docs.info.apple.com article.html?path DiskUtility 10.5 en duh1008.html Disk Utility 10.5 Help Testing and repairing a disk or volume ref the creation, conversion, compression and encryption of disk image s from a wide range of formats read by Disk Utility to .dmg or for CD DVD images .cdr Mount computing mount ... ref http support.apple.com kb HT1452 About Disk Utility s Repair Disk Permissions feature ref ... Mac OS X How to combine RAID sets in Disk Utility ref , and repairing RAID sets restoring volumes from ... Technology S.M.A.R.T status of a hard disk. Disk Utility functions may also be accessed from ... commands. Disk Utility was updated with Mac OS X v10.3 . Prior to v10.3, the functionality of Disk Utility was spread across two applications Disk Copy and Disk Utility. Disk Copy was used for creating and mounting disk image files, and Disk Utility was used for formatting, partitioning, verifying and repairing ... Bot generated title ref Further changes introduced in 10.4.3 allowed Disk Utility to be used to verify ... base ref http docs.info.apple.com article.html?artnum 302672 Using Disk Utility in Mac OS X 10.4.3 ..., similar functionality to the verification features of Disk Utility could be found in the Disk First ... Palimpsest Disk Utility GNU Parted diskpart fdisk cfdisk References Reflist External links http ... software Category Data erasure it Utility Disco ja ru Disk Utility uk Disk Utility zh ... more details
See also Industrial applicability Patent law In United States patent law , utility is a patentability ... Mass. 1817 The law...does not look to the degree of utility it simply requires that it shall be capable of use.... ref The majority of inventions are usually not challenged as lacking utility, ref Janice ... s guidelines require that a patent application expresses a specific, credible, and substantial utility. ref See Brenner v. Manson , 383 U.S. 519 1966 USPTO, Utility Examination Guidelines, 66 Fed. Reg ... showing that there is no specific, substantial, and credible utility. European patent law does not consider utility as a patentability criterion. ref In this respect, decision http legal.european patent ... under EPC Article 52 2 and 3 even where they have practical utility headnote III. , thus ruling out the utility of an invention as a decisive patentability criterion. ref Instead, it requires ... Convention , see for instance EPC Article 57 . ref Utility criterion In considering the requirement of utility for patents, there are three main factors to review operability of the invention, a beneficial ... of functionality, also known as General Utility. Operability concerns whether the invention actually works or accomplishes the utility that the inventor claims. The operability of an invention ... inoperative embodiments does not necessarily render a claim invalid as lacking utility. ref name ... asserts the utility of shrinking cancer tumors. If it is established that the embodiment of the invention ... the utility asserted for the genus. ref name JMMueller247 She further explains, however, that while ... to practice the invention without undue experimentation. ref name JMMueller247 Beneficial utility Beneficial utility was first recognized as a requirement in United States patent law in the 1817 case Lowell v. Lewis ref name lowell Lowell v. Lewis, 15 F. Cas. 1018 C.C.D. Mass. 1817 ref the utility ... asserts that, t he threshold of utility is not high An invention is useful under section 101 if it is capable ... more details
Image White Pigeon Bird 74 wing feathers at week and a half.jpg thumb right A young utility squab. Utility pigeons are Domestic Pigeon domesticated pigeon s bred for a source of meat called Squab food squab . Squabs have been used as a food by many nations for centuries. ref cite book last Levi first Wendell title The Pigeon year 1977 publisher Levi Publishing Co, Inc location Sumter, S.C. isbn 0853900132 ref They were Selective breeding selected as birds that would breed and grow quickly. ref name Seymour Seymour, Rev. Colin Ed 2006 Australian Fancy Pigeons National Book of Standards . ref Because they are bred for squab production, conformation to a show Breed standard standard is usually deemed unimportant. Utility pigeons are one of three main breed groupings used by pigeon fanciers. The other two are Flying Sporting Pigeons Flying Sporting and Fancy pigeons Fancy . The characteristics of utility pigeons of most importance to the businessperson who is keeping them are rapid growth and high fecundity. There are certain breeds of pigeons which at one time were raised for utility purposes but which are now raised for show purposes ref cite book last Hiatt first Shannon coauthors Jon Esposito, DVM title The Pigeon Guide publisher Silvio Mattacchione and Company date 2000 location Port Perry, Ontario isbn 1895270189 pages 32 ref . Fanciers usually distinguish between the two sub breeds by appending the word show or utility to the name of the breed. For example, there are show King pigeon king s and utility kings and they are two different breeds of pigeon. The show breeds can still be used for squabbing purposes. Show utility breeds American Giant Runt Carneau French Mondain King pigeon King References reflist See also List of pigeon breeds Category Domesticated pigeon breeds Category Domestic pigeons Domesticated pigeon breed stub poultry stub ... more details
A Roadster utility is an automobile with an open topped roadster body and a rear cargo bed. The concept is similar to that of the coupe utility which combines a closed coupe body with a rear cargo bed. ref name AussieUte Larry O Toole, The Good Old Aussie Ute, 2000, page 6 ref The style was common in Australia prior to World War II ref name AussieUte and was revived by Ford Australia in 1953 for its Ford Popular Ford Popular Roadster Utility . ref name Darwin The History of Ford in Australia, Norm Darwin, 1986, page 101 ref In the United States this body style was called a Roadster Pickup and was popular during the 1920s and early 1930s, some surviving as restored Vintage car vintage cars or jalopy relics of curiosty. Several manufacturers like Ford or Dodge offered it as standard models in their commercial vehicle catalogues. File SAM 0154.jpg thumb centre Chevrolet at Camden Show, NSW References references External links http www.roadsterute.com index3.htm Roadster Utility Vehicle Category Car body styles lt Rodsteris pikapas ... more details
Infobox software name PANGU , Planet and Asteroid Natural scene Generation Utility logo screenshot caption developer ESA and University of Dundee frequently updated operating system Windows and Linux genre license website The PANGU Planet and Asteroid Natural scene Generation Utility is a computer graphics utility which development has been funded by ESA and performed by University of Dundee . It generates scenes of planets, moons, asteroids, spacecraft and rovers. The main purpose of the tool is to test and validate navigation techniques based on processing of images coming from on board sensors, such as camera or imaging LIDAR on a planetary lander. External links http spacetech.dundee.ac.uk research planetary lander technology pangu pangu planet and asteroid natural scene generation utilit PANGU User Resources http spacetech.dundee.ac.uk node 226 Category Graphics software ... more details
Utility Group is the name of a Breed Groups dog breed group of Dog dogs , used by Kennel club kennel clubs to classify a defined collection of dog breeds. How Utility Group is defined varies among kennel clubs, and different kennel clubs may not include the same breeds in their Utility Group . Some kennel clubs do not use the Utility Group classification. Utility Group is not a term used by the international ... its breed groupings by dog type and breed history. Definitions of Utility Group There are two different kennel club definitions of Utility Group . In one, dogs which do not fit elsewhere are placed in the Utility Group , and in the other, certain breeds of working dogs are designated as part of the Utility ... places in the Utility Group dog breeds that do not quite fit in other groups, such as the Shih Tzu ... to be too large. Other dogs are placed in the Kennel Club s Utility Group group because the working ... Utility Utility.html Utility Group on Our Pets ref such as the function of the Dalmatian dog Dalmatian to run alongside horse drawn coaches. The Kennel Club defines Utility as meaning fitness for a purpose ... Club Utility Group ref taken to mean fitness for a purpose not covered by other Groups . Therefore ... National Kennel Council each recognize a Utility Group , with a different emphasis. In Australia and New Zealand, the Utility Group includes large breeds of Livestock guardian dog livestock ... www.nzkc.org.nz breederlistings2.html?sub 6 New Zealand Kennel Club Utility Group defined ref Other major kennel clubs in the English speaking world that do not use the Utility Group category include the American Kennel Club and the Canadian Kennel Club . How the Utility Group breeds are placed by those kennel clubs and by the F d ration Cynologique Internationale are detailed in the section on Utility ... kennel clubs, and the breeds found in the Working Group of those kennel clubs are found in the Utility ... Kennel Club breed groups ref The Australian National Kennel Council Utility Group is defined in a similar ... more details
Infobox company company name First Utility company logo File Logo of First Utility.gif company type foundation ... homepage http www.first utility.com www.first utility.com footnotes First Utility is a supplier ... their meter readings. First Utility is part of the same group as First Telecom, which is a provider of telecommunications services. Since its launch in 2008, First Utility has positioned itself as a provider ... title First utility emerges as cheapest energy supplier url http www.which.co.uk news 2009 09 firstutility ... First Utility boss has the power to challenge the big six suppliers url http www.guardian.co.uk business 2010 may 06 mark daeche first utility publisher Guardian accessdate 20 April 2012 ref and in October ... across the UK. ref cite web title First Utility kicks off nationwide smart meter roll out url http www.businessgreen.com bg news 1869927 first utility kicks nationwide smart meter roll publisher .... ref name fasttrack cite web title Fast Track 100 First Utility url http www.fasttrack.co.uk fasttrack ... ref In March 2012, First Utility s iSave v10 scheme was named the cheapest energy deal in the UK ... 2012 ref History In 2009 a study by Which? revealed First Utility to be the UK s cheapest supplier ... Utility s price rises for new customers shortly after they had signed up as extremely concerning behaviour . First Utility disputed the price rise claims, stating First Utility has managed to keep most ... in wholesale costs. First Utility remains the cheapest energy supplier in the UK. ref http www.bbc.co.uk news business 11916422 ref In July 2011 First Utility signed up for the Which? Smart Meter Promise ... First Utility claimed could potentially save UK customers around 400m a year. ref cite web title First Utility and Opower partner to nudge households towards energy saving url http www.businessgreen.com bg news 2086096 utility opower partner nudge households energy saving publisher Business Green accessdate 28 March 2012 ref The same year saw First Utility criticise an announcement from Scottish and Southern ... more details
Utility ratemaking is the formal regulatory process by which public utility public utilities set the prices ... utility public utilities , and thus have been legally mandated to go through the ratemaking process ... of public utility public utilities has changed over time, typically such businesses must constitute .... Prominent public utility public utilities which must utilize ratemaking to set rates includes ... sfn Principles of Public Utility Rates Capital Attraction Reasonably Priced Energy Efficiency ... the history of utility regulation. These five goals attempt to serve the several interests of the utility ... for customers. Utility companies are therefore allowed to charge reasonable rates, which are generally regarded as rates that allow utilities to encourage people to invest in utility stocks and bonds ... decline, consumption rises. The price of a utility s products and services will affect its consumption ... of utilities and thereby affect the consumption. With declining block rates , the per unit price of utility ... for all consumption. Income Transfer Ratemaking distributes wealth from consumers to utility owners. Ratemaking also involves redistribution of wealth among and within classes of customers. Utility ... a utility s revenue requirement R O V D r The elements of the traditional rate formula are defined as R is the utility s total revenue requirement or rate level. This is the total amount of money a regulator allows a utility to earn. O is the utility s operating expenses. V is the gross value of the utility s tangible and intangible property. D is the utility s accrued depreciation. Combined V D constitute the utility s rate base utility rate base , also known as its capital investment. r is the rate of return a utility is allowed to earn on its capital investment or on its rate base. The traditional ... base. The more a utility invests, the more money it earns. Operating Expenses A firm s operating ... be recouped if the utility is to stay operational. Operating costs are most often the largest component ... more details
Orphan date April 2012 Final Utility is the utility of a good economics good when applied to our least desirable use of it. It is the estimated utility of the last use of a supply, i.e., the least important use of that supply. For example, if a use of a good must be given up, it will logically be the last use of the good we would choose. This is because we give up the least important of our satisfactions first which would be the uses satisfied by the last good since we satisfy our more important needs first. See Marginal Utility Law of Marginal Utility For example, if we lost a unit of a good, the value economics value of the loss would be the value of the least important use of the good. This last good, which represents its final utility, was being applied to our least important wants. In the case of the lost good, it is replaced and the value to which we can assign the loss is not the value of the first most important use of the good, but the least important what we call the final utility. ref B hm Bawerk , Eugen von. The Law of Final Utility Eugen von B hm Bawerk Mises Daily . The Ludwig von Mises Institute . http mises.org daily 4637 accessed April 29, 2011 . ref According to the law of marginal utility , the value of each good in a stock of identical goods is utility of the last and most easily dispensable unit. ref von B hm Bawerk, Eugen, trans. George Reisman. Eugen von B hm Bawerk s Value, Cost, and Marginal Utility . Ludwig von Mises Institute. mises.org pdf asc 2002 ... of the units of the whole supply he decides on the basis of marginal utility. ref name humanaction .... The Law of Marginal Utility, Human Action , online version, referenced 2011 04 30. ref blockquote ... it is said that a homogeneous stock of goods is valued according to its final utility according ... utility is the logical conclusion of marginal utility and a corner stone of price theory. See also Austrian School of Economics Marginal Utility Law of Marginal Utility Reference reflist Category Utility ... more details
In economics and finance , exponential utility refers to a specific form of the utility function , used in some contexts because of its convenience when risk sometimes referred to as uncertainty is present, in which case Expected utility hypothesis expected utility is maximized. Formally, exponential utility is given by math u c 1 e a c math , where math c math is a variable that the economic decision maker is concerned with, such as consumption, and math a math is a positive constant that represents the degree of risk aversion . The variable c itself will be a function of the agent s choices of for example ... for its irrelevance is that maximizing the expected value of utility math u c 1 e a c math gives ... since expected values of utility as opposed to the utility function itself are interpreted Ordinal utility ordinally instead of Cardinal utility cardinally , the range and sign of the expected utility values are of no significance. The exponential utility function is a special case of the hyperbolic absolute risk aversion utility functions. Risk aversion characteristic Exponential utility implies ... utility function is considered unrealistic. Mathematical tractability Though isoelastic utility , exhibiting risk aversion constant relative risk aversion , is considered more plausible as are other utility functions exhibiting decreasing absolute risk aversion , exponential utility is particularly ... . Then under exponential utility, expected utility is given by math text E u c text E 1 e a c x epsilon ... expected exponential utility math text E e aW math of final wealth W subject to math W x r W 0 x ... r is Joint normality jointly normally distributed . Then expected utility can be written as math text ... shows the two key features of exponential utility tractability under joint normality, and lack of realism ... utility Isoelastic power utility function References reflist DEFAULTSORT Exponential Utility Category Economics of uncertainty Category Financial economics Category Utility ... more details
Refimprove date September 2007 Utility computing is the packaging of Computational resource computing .... IBM, HP and Microsoft were early leaders in the new field of Utility Computing with their business ... their own utility services for computing, storage and applications. Utility Computing can support ... which are supported via a large number of computers. Utility computing has usually envisioned some form ... are geographically distributed or cross administrative domain s. To provide utility computing services ... idle. The definition of utility computing is sometimes extended to specialized tasks, such as web service s. History Utility computing is not a new concept, but rather has quite a long history. Among ... of the future, then computing may someday be organized as a public utility just as the telephone system is a public utility... The computer utility could become the basis of a new and important industry ... of servers. In the late 90 s utility computing re surfaced. InsynQ http www.insynq.com , Inc. launched ... up the Utility Computing Division in Mountain View, CA, assigning former Bell Labs computer scientists .... Services such as IP billing on tap were marketed. HP introduced the Utility Data Center in 2001 ... Alexa Web Search Platform, a Web search building tool for which the underlying power is utility ... industries and applications as well as other niche applications powered by utility computing ... on commodity server and storage hardware that creates highly available utility computing environments ... industries such as financial services, seismic processing, and content serving. The Database Utility and File Serving Utility enable IT organizations to independently add servers or storage as needed ..., image rendering and processing but also general purpose business applications. Utility computing ... 680 ISBN 0 13 198660 0 External links http communication.howstuffworks.com utility computing.htm How Utility Computing Works http searchdatacenter.techtarget.com sDefinition 0,,sid80 gci904539,00.html ... more details
Utility furniture refers to furniture produced in the United Kingdom during and just after World War II , under a Government scheme which was designed to cope with shortages of raw materials and rationing of consumption. Introduced in 1942, the Utility Furniture Scheme continued into post war austerity and lasted until 1952. History By 1941 it had become apparent that the combination of a severe lack of timber suitable for furniture making in which Britain was not self sufficient and the increased demand for new furniture due to the losses of housing caused by bombing and to the continuing establishment of new households after marriage, had created a severe furniture shortage. The Utility Furniture Advisory Committee was set up in 1942, drawing on considerable expertise, principally Sydney Gordon Russell Gordon Russell and Ernest Clench , also Herman Lebus and John Gloag , in order to assure that the scarce available resources were used in a sensible way. New furniture was Rationing in the United Kingdom during and after World War II rationed and was restricted to newly weds and people who had been bombed out, under the Domestic Furniture Control of Manufacture and Supply No 2 Order ... in the Utility Furniture Catalogue of 1943. The aim was to ensure the production of strong well designed ... utility furniture with added carvings and decoration. The Committee were reconstituted as the Design ... it and the Panel was wound down the Scheme was officially closed in 1952. The CC41 logo of utility furniture was taken from that developed earlier for the Utility clothing scheme two capital letters ... on influence, eg., Design Council? Further reading Richard Sword Utility furniture and fashion, 1941 1951 1974 ISBN 0716806282 Jon Mills Utility Furniture The 1943 Utility Furniture Catalogue with an explanation of Britain s Second World War Utility Furniture Scheme 2008 ISBN 9780955272325 External ... Time Magazine Aug 2 1943 GOVERNMENT Utility Furniture Category Austerity Britain Category ... more details
File Cover mccuu.JPG thumb 220px Utility covers. Clockwise from top left woodland MARPAT , desert MARPAT, Navy Working Uniform , and M81 Woodland . The utility cover , also known as the utility cap and eight pointed cover , is the United States Marine Corps cap , worn with their MCCUU utility uniform . It is an eight pointed hat, with a visor similar to a baseball cap . ref http www.marineparents.com marinecorps uniforms.asp Uniforms of the Marine Corps from MarineParents.com A Place to Connect & Share tm Bot generated title ref It is worn blocked , that is, creased and peaked, for a sharper appearance. ref http www.usmc.mil almars almar2000.nsf 52f4f5d11f10b4c4852569b8006a3e35 2c62f1e9d178aad785256a55005e1473?OpenDocument Marine Corps ALMAR MCBUL 1020. MARINE CORPS UNIFORM BOARD MEETING NR 190 AND 191 Bot generated title ref ref http www.hqmc.net index.php?Itemid 29&id 47&option com content&task view Marine For Life Marine Corps Uniforms Bot generated title ref It is also worn by the U.S. Navy units such as Seabees and Beachmasters. It is also worn with the newer Navy Working Uniform ref http www.news.navy.mil search display.asp?story id 22519 New Navy Working Uniform and Service Uniform Concepts Approved Bot generated title ref as well as the Woodland CUU and desert DCU uniform ... wear tested by Commandant ADM Robert J. Papp, Jr. . History The utility cover was first issued in World War II , with the Herringbone Twill utility uniform issued in 1943. ref name autogenerated1 ... 72 Marine Corps Utility Cap Bot generated title ref ref http books.google.com books?id TGJ9V06p0BQC&pg PA59&lpg PA59&dq utility cover usmc&source web&ots CBZUw16sco&sig o2KGbsjrX9eYoAnumT KI9euxnU ref ... recruits are instructed in the proper method of wearing the utility cover. The proper manner to wear the utility cover is with the bill facing forward on the wearer s head and with the cover being aligned ... Utility Uniform References Reflist 2 External links Commons category inline Utility covers Category ... more details
About the specific Mac OS built in utility archive utilities in general File archiver original research date November 2010 unreferenced date November 2010 Infobox software name Archive Utility logo Image BOMArchiveHelper.png 92px Archive Utility screenshot caption developer Apple Computer latest release version 10.7 latest release date Start date and age 2011 7 20 latest preview version latest preview date operating system Mac OS X genre File archiver license website http www.apple.com macosx http www.apple.com macosx Archive Utility BOMArchiveHelper until Mac OS X 10.5 is the default File archiver archive file handler in Mac OS X . It is usually invoked automatically when opening a file in one of its supported formats. It can be used to create compressed ZIP file format ZIP archives by choosing Create archive of file Leopard Compress in the Macintosh Finder Finder s File menu File or contextual menu . It is located in tt System Library CoreServices Archive Utility.app tt in 10.5 and later, and tt System Library CoreServices BOMArchiveHelper.app tt in Mac OS X v10.4 10.4 . Prior to Archive Utility s inclusion in Mac OS X v10.3 , beginning with Mac OS 7.6 , Apple bundled the freeware StuffIt Expander with the operating system. Invoking Archive Utility manually shows a minimal graphical user interface GUI letting the user change Archive Utility preferences or choose files to compress or uncompress. BOMArchiveHelper 10.4.11 cannot be manually invoked. It may be inferred that prior to 10.5, BOMArchiveHelper could not be manually invoked. BOM is an abbreviation of Bill of Materials . Bill of Materials files or .bom files are used by the Mac OS X Installer Mac OS X Installer program to document where files in an installer bundle are installed, what their file permissions should be, and other file metadata. Thus, a Bill of Materials is read by the Installer, and Archive Utility ... X ko it BOMArchiveHelper uk Archive Utility ... more details
Intellectual property A utility model is an intellectual property right to protect invention s. This right ... sme en ip business utility models where.htm Where can Utility Models be Acquired? Bot generated ... 6 to 15 years and less stringent patentability requirements. The Germany German and Austria n utility ... the utility model is called a Petty Patent . ref cite web url http www.wipo.int wipolex ... 2011 08 20 ref Definition A utility model is a statutory monopoly granted for a limited time ... of ordinary skill in the relevant art to perform the invention. The rights conferred by utility model ... the definition of utility model . ref Kelsey Martin Mott, The Concept of the Small Patent, in The International Business Executive, 5 February 2007, Volume 5, Issue 3 , pp 23 24 ref A utility innovation ... generated title ref Requirements for grant Most countries having utility model laws require that the invention be new. However, many patent or utility model offices do not conduct substantive examination and merely grant the utility model after checking that utility model applications comply with formalities. Some countries exclude particular subject matter from utility model protection. For example, methods, plants and animals are normally barred from utility model protection. In Germany a utility .... ref Utility Model Law 3 Abs. 1 ref In Spain , the novelty patent novelty requirement for obtaining a utility model lang es modelo de utilidad is relative , i.e. only public written disclosure of the invention in Spain is prejudicial against the novelty of the invention claim patent claim ed in the utility ... 2004 2740 PEMSA c. Interflex ref Availability and names Primary sources date March 2008 Utility model applications may be prepared and filed at local patent offices in countries where utility model protection is available. The table below is a list of countries having utility model protection under ... 2008 02 16 format PDF ref td td width 10 utility model td td width 10 10 years td td width ... more details
Image Batavus 2.jpg thumb right 275px Batavus Contemporary utility bicycles A utility bicycle is a bicycle designed for utility cycling practical transportation , as opposed to bicycles which are primarily ... where automobiles remain a luxury. ref and are utility bikes. As such utility bikes are the most ... like the USA, the use of utility bicycles all but disappeared until after the Second World ... the Second World War, utility bicycles have remained popular in countries like the Netherlands, China ... only incremental mechanical advances have taken place for the majority of the world s utility bicycles ... . One exception to this was the continued development of substitute propulsion systems for utility ... and the United States, motorized utility bicycles surged in popularity in Western Europe after ... roller drive mechanism that would convert any standard utility roadster into a motorised bicycle ... national registration schemes. The motorised utility bicycle or cyclemotor offered greater range, faster ... outlook to the traditional utility concept. Utilizing small, easily transportable frames and wheels ..., several bicycle designs were introduced in an attempts to improve on the traditional utility ... thumb right 200px Utility bicycles are now becoming fashionable once again Utility bicycles are principally ... goods or merchandise. Utility bikes may also be seen in mail postal service , Bicycle infantry in war ... studio lots, etc. . In some countries, entire fleets of utility bicycles may be operated or administered ... programme . Utility bicycles often feature a step through frame so they can be easily mounted, Single ..., old utility bicycles are often seen with the windshields and engine covers of 125cc motorbikes ... relatively and availability. Citation needed date April 2010 Design A traditional type of utility ..., safety, and durability rather than high performance. Additionally, utility bikes tend to incorporate ... utility cycles incorporate advanced engineering with relatively light weight. File Delibike.jpg ... more details
File Using a Utility Locator.jpg thumb right Utility locator in use. Perry, OK, 2011 Utility location is the process of identifying and labeling public utility mains which are underground. These mains may include lines for telephones, electricity electricity distribution , natural gas , cable television , optical fibers fiber optics , traffic lights , street light s, storm drain s, water supply network water mains , and wastewater pipes. In some locations, major pipeline transport oil and gas pipelines , national defense communication lines, public transport mass transit , rail and road tunnels also compete for space underground. http www.nal.usda.gov ttic utilfnl.htm Because of the many different types of materials that go into manufacturing each of these different types of underground lines, different detection and location methods must be used. For metal Pipe material pipe s and wire cable s, this is often done with Electromagnetism electromagnetic equipment consisting of a transmitter and a Receiver radio receiver . For other types of pipe, such as plastic or concrete, other types ... entirely. Call before you dig , Digger s Hotline , One call , Miss Utility , or Underground Service Alert are services that allow construction workers to contact utility companies, who will then denote ... causes a major utility power outage outage or serious accident, or an evacuation due to a gas ... below street gas utility line. New York city , 2007. Utility color code s are used for identifying ... during excavation. Public utility systems are often run underground some by the very nature of their function ... the type of underground utility. A special type of spray paint, which works when the can is upside ... the company or municipal utility which the lines belong to, or an advertisement for a company which ... www.ditchwitch.com utility locators Ditch Witch http solutions.3m.com wps portal 3M en US Telecom Home ... ttic utilfnl.htm Statement of Need Utility Locating Technologies . Accessed October 31, 2007 ... more details
An electric utility is an electric power industry electric power company often a public utility that engages in the Electricity generation generation , Electric power transmission transmission , and Electricity retailing distribution of electricity for sale generally in a regulated market . The electrical utility industry is a major provider of energy in most countries. It is indispensable to factories, commercial establishments, homes, and even most recreational facilities. Lack of electricity causes not only inconvenience, but also economic loss due to reduced industrial production. Electric utilities include Investor owned utility investor owned , Public ownership publicly owned , cooperatives , and nationalized entities. They may be engaged in all or only some aspects of the industry. Electricity market s are also considered electric utilities these entities buy and sell electricity, acting as brokers, but usually do not own or operate generation, transmission, or distribution facilities. Utilities are regulated by local and national authorities. Electric utilities are facing increasing demands ref name one By Candace Lombardi, CNET. http news.cnet.com 8301 11128 3 10458148 54.html Utilities Green tech good for planet, bad for business . February 23, 2010. ref according to Black & Veatch s annual utility survey, based on input from 700 utility participants, for 2011 the top three concerns were aging infrastructure, reliability no. 1 in 2010 and regulation no. 2 in 2010 . Organization Utility service territories are typically geographically distinct from one another. These territories may be set by regulation or by economics as the capital cost of reproducing infrastructure ... on the type of service they receive. Sectoral classification of consumers is determined by each utility ... and the associated impact on the utility s costs of providing the service. Power transactions ... Category Electric utility Category Electric utilities de Elektrizit tsversorgungsunternehmen ... more details
thumb 1987 Chevrolet El Camino United States The coup utility Car body style automobile body style ... vehicle derived automobile platform platform . A coup utility has a body style with coup lines ... Coupe Utility. This model was the first coupe utility design to enter production anywhere in the world. Ford Motor Company of Australia Ford Australia was the first company to produce a coupe utility. ref name fastlane http www.fastlane.com.au Features First ute.htm Who built the first utility where ... a suitable solution and the first coupe utility model was released in 1934. ref name fastlane ... subsidiary Holden also produced a Chevrolet coupe utility in 1934 but the body style did not appear on the American market until the release of the 1957 Ford Ranchero . Both the coup utility and the similar open topped roadster utility continued in production but the improving economy of the mid to late 1930s and the desire for improved comfort saw coupe utility sales climb at the expense of the roadster utility until, by 1939, the latter was all but a fading memory. By the 1980s in North America, the coup utility began to fall out of favor again with the demise of the Ranchero after 1979 ... part of the whole body. Both the coup utility and closed cab pickup designs migrated to light truck chassis & these are correctly known respectively as Utility trucks & Pickup trucks. Eventually ... Ford Australia s lone designer Lew Bandt penned the world s first coupe utility, thereby spawning ... Toyota Crown Second S40 Model 1962 to 1967 Toyopet Crown MS47 coupe utility. File 1962 Toyopet CoronaLine ... 1982 1990 Hyundai Pony Pickup. The first generation Pony was available as a coupe utility as well. File ... term Coup Utility , here follows some examples of vehicles using this body style. Coup utilities ... Rancheros 1959 1960, 1964 1987 Chevrolet El Camino 1965 1979 Chrysler Valiant utility 1991 1995 ... Ford Coupe Utility Australia 1983 2011 Ford Bantam South Africa 1998 2002 Ford Courier Brazil .281998.E2.80.93present.29 ... more details
In economics , the marginal utility of a Good economics good or Service economics service is the gain .... Economists sometimes speak of a law of diminishing marginal utility , meaning that the first units of measurement unit of consumption of a good or service yields more utility than the second and subsequent units. citation needed date February 2012 The concept of marginal utility played a crucial ... marginal utility may be expressed in terms of differential calculus . Marginal utility can be defined ... unit of a discrete good or service, such as a motor vehicle or a haircut. Utility Main Utility Different concepts of utility underlie different theories in which marginal utility plays a role. It has been common among economists to describe utility as if it were quantifiable , that is, as if different levels of utility could be compared along a numerical scale. ref George Stigler Stigler, George Joseph The Development of Utility Theory , I and II, Journal of Political Economy 1950 , issues 3 and 4. ref ref George Stigler Stigler, George Joseph The Adoption of Marginal Utility Theory History of Political ... of marginal utility. Concepts of utility that entail quantification allow familiar arithmetic operations ... goods, services, or uses thereof with quantities, and defines utility as such a quantification ... choice and demand , Utility representations . ref Another conception is Utilitarianism Benthamite ... especially by way of John Stuart Mill , viewed utility as the feelings of pleasure and pain ... outside of the mainstream methods, there are conceptions of utility that do not rely on quantification ... mc culloch ref name georgescu rogen Nicholas Georgescu Roegen Georgescu Roegen, Nicholas Utility , International ... Marginal Utility , Zeitschrift f r National konomie 37 1977 3& 4 September . ref In any standard ... 1913 Ch VII, pp 86 7. ref Diminishing marginal utility This section is linked from Law of diminishing marginal utility , Diminishing utility theory , Diminishing utility The utility which ... more details
, many landlords either included the utility cost in the bulk price of the renting rent or lease , or divided the utility usage among the tenants in some way such as equally, by square footage, or some ... direct customers of the utility. ref http www.pulp.tc html residential submetering.html ref The Ontario ... , which is owned by the utility supplying the water, electricity, or gas, with overall usage billed ... method of utility cost allocation called RUBS Ratio Utility Billing Systems is sometimes used to allocate ... constraints. This method divides utility costs by square footage, number of occupants, or some ... unit in each apartment. The master unit in turn transmits collated readings to the utility company ... www.epa.gov ow you submeter.html EPA website Section on submetering http www.utilitymca.org UMCA Utility Management and Conservation Association formerly National Submetering & Utility Allocation Association ... Utility Submeter Category Public utilities Category Flow meters Category Water supply ... more details
Wikify date April 2010 A slowdown utility is software designed to make a faster computer run slower. Typically this is used to run old games, which will run too fast or not function properly on more modern high speed machines. Mo Slo is a modern slowdown utility that uses command line switches to select a slowdown factor. An example of a non free Windows based slowdown utility is CPU Killer. Emulation is an alternative to using slowdown utilities. For example, DOSBox can be adjusted to run at various speeds ref http www.dosbox.com wiki Basic Setup and Installation of DosBox Performance Basic Setup and Installation of DOSBox ref . Methodologies Many slowdown utilities work by eating up CPU cycles. Bremze Latvian for brake slows down PC performance by controlling the speed of execution of programs. References Reflist External links http www.sierrahelp.com Utilities SlowdownUtilities.html Slowdown Utilities http www.cpukiller.com Cpukiller 3 official site http www.hpaa.com moslo Mo Slo Computer Slowdown Software official site http www.dosbox.com DOSBox official site Category Retrocomputing Category DOS on IBM PC compatibles Category Emulation software Category Compatibility layers software stub ru ... more details
In New Zealand , a lifeline utility is a service defined under one of the Schedules of the http www.legislation.govt.nz libraries contents om isapi.dll?clientID 2457045304&infobase pal statutes.nfo&record 6CCA2196 &hitsperheading on&softpage DOC Civil Defence Emergency Management Act 2002 . The duties of lifeline utilities are defined in Section 60 of the Act. In short, a lifeline utility is legally required to function to the fullest possible extent even at a diminished level during and after an emergency, participate in emergency management planning, and provide free of charge technical assistance to the Director of Civil Defence Emergency Management. Lifeline utilities under Schedule 1 include Radio New Zealand Radio NZ , Television New Zealand TVNZ , airport companies and authorities, port companies and authorities, gas utilities, water utilities, power utilities, telecommunications networks, roading authorities, petroleum companies, New Zealand Railways Corporation rail network operators , and rail service operators. Category Emergency services in New Zealand radio comm stub NZ stub ... more details
Refimprove date April 2009 In sport, a utility player is one who can play several positions competently ... to recognize a player s versatility. Baseball See also Utility infielder In baseball , a utility player ... has at least one player who can be described as a utility player. Most professional teams have two types of utility players. There are utility infielder s , who usually play all of the infield positions plus occasionally catcher . Utility outfielder s, or fourth outfielders , tend to play all three ... of the two duties. Utility players tend to be players who come off of the bench, though this isn ... s most respected By whom date May 2010 utility player. In by 2005 , for example, Figgins ..., LLC accessdate 2010 05 14 ref A famous current utility player is Ryan Theriot of the St. Louis Cardinals ... short major league career. Mark DeRosa is another famous utility man, playing just about every position ... in his career. Jos Bautista utility player Jos Bautista is also a current utility player, having ... defensive positions. In softball , a utility player is a player who can play several positions .... North American football expert subject date January 2012 In gridiron football , the utility player ... NFL merger these types of players are increasingly rare, and true utility players are mostly backups ... uses the utility player frequently. For instance, Doug Flutie , as a member of the Patriots, famously ... as cornerbacks and safeties. The tackle eligible play tackle eligible is a special form of utility player ... Frerotte and Anthony Mu oz . Another example of a type of utility player is the halfback option ... one regular position as well as special teams is usually not considered a utility player, nor are hybrid ... ice hockey forwards playing both positions, the term utility player tends to refer not to a player ... t necessarily seen as true utility players. Along with Bergeron and Foster, other notable defensemen ... football utility players In association football, like other sports, the utility man is usually ... more details
soon realised that utility fog could be manufactured en masse to occupy the entire atmosphere ..., utility fog would remain a useful peripheral with which to perform physical engineering and maintenance ... surface of a TARDIS could be composed of utility fog in the programme How To Make A Tardis , broadcast ... http www.nanotech now.com utility fog.htm Utility Fog at Nanotech Now, many links. References reflist ... more details
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