A private VLAN is a technique in computer networking where a virtual LAN VLAN contains network switch ... ports are called private ports . Each private VLAN typically contains many private ports, and a single ... frames received on a private port out the uplink port, regardless of VLAN ID or destination MAC address ... MAC address, or to all VLAN ports for unknown destinations or broadcasting computing broadcast ... VLAN is a hotel or Ethernet to the home network where each room or apartment has a port ... Forced Forwarding or a similar Proxy ARP based solution. Working File Private VLAN Traffic Flow.jpg thumb Private VLAN Traffic Flow Private VLAN further divides virtual LAN VLAN Primary into sub VLANs Secondary in a single Subnetwork IP subnet . A regular VLAN is a single broadcast domain. The private VLAN partitions a large broadcast domain into multiple smaller sub domains. In other words, a Private VLAN is a primary VLAN with a secondary VLAN sub VLAN within a single Subnetwork IP subnet . Primary VLAN Simply the original VLAN. This type of VLAN is used to forward frames downstream to all Secondary VLANs. Secondary VLAN Secondary VLAN is configured with one of the following types Isolated Any switch ports associated with an Isolated VLAN can reach the primary VLAN, but not any other Secondary VLAN. In addition, hosts associated with the same Isolated VLAN cannot reach each other. Only one Isolated VLAN is allowed in one Private VLAN domain. Community Any switch ports associated with a common community VLAN can communicate with each other and with the primary VLAN but not with any other secondary VLAN. There can be multiple distinct community VLANs within one Private VLAN domain. There are mainly 2 types of port in Private VLAN Promiscuous port P Port and Host port. Host port ... to Switch.JPG thumb Example of private VLAN port types on the switch Promiscuous port P Port The switch ... else connected to the primary or any secondary VLAN. In other words, it is a type of a port ... more details
VLAN hopping is a exploit computer security computer security exploit , a method of attacking networked resources on a Virtual LAN VLAN . The basic concept behind all VLAN hopping attacks is for an attacking host on a VLAN to gain access to traffic on other VLANs that would normally not be accessible. There are two primary methods of VLAN hopping switch spoofing and double tagging . Both attack vectors ... e.g. Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol , IEEE 802.1Q , VLAN Trunking Protocol used in maintaining a VLAN. Traffic for multiple VLANs is then accessible to the attacking host. Mitigation Switch spoofing ... interace prepends two VLAN tagging VLAN tags to packets that it transmits. The packet which corresponds to the VLAN that the attacker is really a member of is forwarded without the first tag, because it is the native VLAN. The second false tag is then visible to the second switch that the packet encounters. This false VLAN tag indicates that the packet is destined for a target host on a second switch. The packet is then sent to the target host as though it originated on the target VLAN bypassing ..., p. 162. ref . Ports with a specific access VLAN the native VLAN don t apply a VLAN tag when sending frames, allowing the attacker s fake VLAN tag to be read by the next switch. It is always good practice ... on VLAN 1 The default VLAN . i.e, assign an access VLAN other than VLAN 1 to every access port pre Switch config if switch access vlan 2 pre 2. Change the native VLAN on all trunk ports to an unused VLAN ID. pre Switch config if switchport trunk native vlan 999 pre 3. Explicit tagging of the native VLAN on all trunk ports. pre Switch config if switchport trunk native vlan tag pre Example As an example of a double tagging attack, consider a secure web server on a VLAN called VLAN1. Hosts on VLAN1 are allowed access to the web server hosts from outside the VLAN are blocked by layer 3 filters. An attacking host on a separate VLAN, called VLAN2, creates a specially formed packet to attack the web ... more details
VTP redirects here, for the mathematical abbreviation see vector triple product File VLAN Trunking Protocol .gif thumb right 300px Example without and with VTP Click to Play VLAN Trunking Protocol VTP is a Cisco proprietary protocol that propagates the definition of Virtual Local Area Networks VLAN on the whole local area network. ref http www.cisco.com en US tech tk389 tk689 technologies tech note09186a0080094c52.shtml Understanding VLAN Trunk Protocol VTP at Cisco ref To do this, VTP carries VLAN information to all the switches in a VTP domain. VTP advertisements can be sent over Cisco Inter Switch Link ISL , 802.1q , IEEE 802.10 and LANE trunks. VTP is available on most of the Cisco Catalyst switch Catalyst Family products. The comparable IEEE standard in use by other manufacturers is GARP VLAN Registration Protocol GVRP or the more recent Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol MVRP . References references Compu network stub Category Cisco protocols Category Ethernet cs VLAN Trunking Protocol de VLAN Trunking Protocol es VLAN Trunking Protocol fr VLAN Trunking Protocol it VLAN Trunking Protocol pl VLAN Trunking Protocol pt VTP ru VTP ... more details
unreferenced date July 2011 Multicast VLAN Registration MVR is a protocol for Layer 2 Internet Protocol IP networks that enables multicast traffic from a source VLAN to be shared with subscriber VLANs. The alternative would be to use Protocol Independent Multicast PIM or a similar protocol to route the traffic through a Network Layer Layer 3 network. MVR is typically used for IPTV like services and is therefore usually only available on enterprise level switches. Many manufacturers Cisco , Extreme Networks , Juniper Networks , Brocade Communications ... provide support for MVR on their high end switches. The main reason for using MVR is to save bandwidth by preventing duplicate multicast streams being sent in the core network, instead the stream s are received on the MVR VLAN and forwarded to the VLANs where hosts have requested it them. Category Routing protocols ... more details
A VLAN Management Policy Server or VMPS is a network switch that contains a mapping of device information to VLAN . The primary goal of VMPS is VLAN assignment for general network management purposes, but can also be used for providing security through segregating clients with an unknown MAC address , or through further extension of the protocol to provide login for Cisco AClS. This last functionality is now deprecated by Cisco, in favour of 802.1x , and as the VMPS technology is Cisco only, the VLAN assignment can now be carried out in the 802.1x framework. Client switches query the VMPS server using the VLAN Query Protocol, or VQP . Only Cisco produces hardware with VMPS client functionality, and is currently fully supported across their IOS switching lines. Cisco officially only supports the use of Catalyst 4000, 5000 and 6500 switch platforms with appropriate firmware as VMPS servers, but these have limited functionality, and only support a static text file transferred into them with tftp . Third party servers To enhance functionality, which can talk to SQL or use external programs to decide on network access for a given request. The first publicly available of these was OpenVMPS , by Dori Seliskar and others, with FreeRADIUS , FreeNAC and Icarus VMPSd available and including additional management tools to help manage hundreds or thousands of clients and MAC addresses and their VMPS support. FreeNAC is an OpenSource tool that includes OpenVMPS for communication with the switches, but also adds a database, automation, reporting and SNMP scanning to allow VMPS to be more easily used in larger environments. External links http www.cisco.com en US tech tk389 tk689 technologies tech note09186a00800c4548.shtml Cisco document on VMPS http sourceforge.net projects vmps OpenVMPS on Sourceforge http sourceforge.net projects vmpsd Icarus VMPSd on Sourceforge http sourceforge.net ... commercial VLAN administration suite Compu network stub Category Cisco protocols de VMPS ... more details
A switch virtual interface SVI is a Virtual LAN VLAN of switch ports represented by one interface to a routing or bridging system. There is no physical interface for the VLAN and the SVI provides the Layer 3 processing for packets from all switch ports associated with the VLAN. There is one to one mapping between a VLAN and SVI, thus only a single SVI can be mapped to a VLAN. In default setting, an SVI is created for the default VLAN VLAN1 to permit remote switch administration. An SVI cannot be activated unless associated with a physical port. SVIs are generally configured for a VLAN for the following reasons Allow traffic to be routed between VLANs by providing a default gateway for the VLAN. Provide fallback bridging if required for non routable protocols . Provide Layer 3 IP connectivity to the switch. Support bridging configurations and routing protocol. References Cisco Systems , 2006, Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks Version 3.0 , Cisco Systems Inc. compu network stub Category Computer networking ... more details
and de register attribute values, such as VLAN identifiers and multicast group membership across ... and de register attribute values, such as VLAN identifiers and multicast group membership. GARP defines ... registration of attribute values. GARP was used by two applications GARP VLAN Registration Protocol GVRP for registering VLAN trunking between multilayer switches, and by the GARP Multicast Registration Protocol GMRP . The latter two were both mostly enhancements for VLAN aware switches as defined ... Protocol MMRP and GVRP was replaced with Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol MVRP . The change ... that they were already VLAN aware. This also allowed for significant streamlining of the underlying ... where it is required. Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol MVRP Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol MVRP , which replaced GARP VLAN Registration Protocol GVRP , is a standards based Data link layer Layer 2 Communications protocol network protocol , for automatic configuration of VLAN information on network ... network, MVRP provides a method to dynamically share VLAN information and configure the needed VLANs. For example, in order to add a switch port to a VLAN, only the end port, or the VLAN supporting network device connected to the switchport, need be reconfigured, and all necessary VLAN trunks are dynamically ... of VLAN trunks or use of a manufacturer s proprietary method is necessary. It is through MVRP that Dynamic VLAN entries will be updated in the Filtering Database. In short, MVRP helps to maintain VLAN configuration dynamically based on current network configurations. 802.1Q allows for Dynamic configuration and distribution of VLAN membership information by means of the MVRP Static configuration of VLAN membership information via Management mechanisms, which allow configuration of Static VLAN ... VLAN Registration Protocol MVRP defines a MRP Application that provides the VLAN registration ... of Dynamic VLAN Registration Entries for each VLAN, and for propagating the information they contain ... more details
network. The standard defines a system of VLAN tagging for Ethernet frame s and the accompanying ... which are VLAN aware i.e., IEEE 802.1Q conformant can include VLAN tags. Traffic on a VLAN unaware i.e., IEEE 802.1D conformant portion of the network will not contain VLAN tags. When a frame enters the VLAN aware portion of the network, a tag is added to represent the VLAN membership of the frame ... VLAN classification is being used. Each frame must be distinguishable as being within exactly one VLAN. A frame in the VLAN aware portion of the network that does not contain a VLAN tag is assumed to be flowing on the native or default VLAN. The standard was developed by IEEE 802.1 , a working group ... only one corporate physical network, which is VLAN aware. A network administrator assigns a unique VLAN to each department. Edge switch es on the corporate network are configured to insert an appropriate VLAN tag into all data frames arriving from equipment belonging to a given department. After the frames are transmitted on their respective VLANs through the corporate network, the VLAN tag is stripped before the frame leaves the VLAN aware corporate network, and is sent to its destination, which ... port. VLAN Identifier VID a 12 bit field specifying the VLAN to which the frame belongs. The hexadecimal values of 0x000 and 0xFFF are reserved. All other values may be used as VLAN identifiers, allowing up to 4,094 VLANs. The reserved value 0x000 indicates that the frame does not belong to any VLAN ..., VLAN 1 the default VLAN ID is often reserved for a management VLAN this is vendor specific .... C.3.2.1.3 showed VLAN TAG before LLC SNAP header. EtherType in SNAP header should not a TPID 0x8100 . Because inserting the VLAN tag changes the frame, 802.1Q encapsulation forces a recalculation of the original ... that are already VLAN tagged. The outer next to source MAC and representing ISP VLAN S TAG service .... Trunk ports and the native VLAN Clause 9 of the 1998 802.1Q standard defines the encapsulation protocol ... more details
The VLAN Query Protocol VQP was developed by Cisco and allows end devices on LAN s to be authenticated via their MAC address and an appropriate VLAN attributed to the port, using a VLAN Management Policy Server . As VQP is a cisco only protocol, many other vendors including Cisco now support VLAN assignment through 802.1x responses, with authentication using simple MAC Auth. Upon physically connecting a device to a port of a switch configured as a VMPS client, the switch begins listening for packets, and encapsulates and rebroadcasts the first packet received into a VQP packet, which is sent to one of up to two configured VMPS servers on port udp 1589. The VMPS server will give one of 4 responses Allow, Deny, Shutdown, Wrong Domain and the switch will either assign the port to the appropriate VLAN, put the port back into the pre confirmation state, shut down the port until the device or another one is physically reconnected, or log an error indicating that it is incorrectly configured. The latter result is often due to Cisco documentation failing to mention that the domain name in the VMPS configuration file must match the VTP domain name. If reconfirmation of VLAN assignment is required, it is done in the same manner as initial confirmation, with the exception of including the currently assigned VLAN for the port in the VQP packet. Reconfirmation is done periodically based on configuration directives of the client switches, or can be forced with a switch command line directive. The VQP Protocol has no checksums, encryption or authentication of either the client or the switch messages. The protocol also does not include scope to send a message to the server informing that a device has been disconnected. External links http www.filewatcher.com n vqpcli.pl.4941.0.0.html Perl VQP Client Category Internet Protocol based network software network software stub fr VLAN Query Protocol ... more details
orphan date November 2008 Hierarchical VLAN HVLAN is a proposed Ethernet standard that extends the use of enterprise Ethernet VLAN 802.1Q to carrier networks. A number of developments have emerged in recent ... evolve as predicted. HVLAN introduces the concept of hierarchical addressing schemes into the VLAN ... s scalability issues, a partitioning scheme, named VLAN, was introduced. VLAN 802.1Q A virtual LAN , commonly known as VLAN, is a method of creating independent logical Ethernet networks within a physical ... a VLAN tag carry an explicit identification of the VLAN to which they belong. The value of the VLAN Identification VID in the tag header signifies the particular VLAN the frame belongs to. The main problem with VLAN is its limited VID space 4096 . While this space may suffice for enterprise applications .... Q in Q 802.1ad A number of solutions have been proposed to increase VLAN s scalability. A first proposal, called Q in Q, also known as Provider Bridge, VLAN stacking or tag stacking, allows service providers to insert an additional VLAN tag referred to as provider VLAN in the Ethernet frame in order ... one, in theory, to identify up to 16 million services 4094 4094 , in reality, one provider VLAN is dedicated ... of VLAN and Q in Q networks that make them impractical for use in larger networks by enabling up to 4000 times as many service instances as supported by traditional VLAN and Q in Q networks. In PBB and PBT ... are duplicated at the root nodes, rather than at the optimal point as in VLAN connectivity. Moreover ... to a single VLAN forwarding tree in the case of VLAN connectivity will quickly become unsustainable ... of VLAN networking, while at the same time solving its addressing space scalability issues described previously. Increasing the VLAN tag size would mean bigger forwarding table, longer forwarding ... to the enterprise world. HVLAN introduces hierarchy into the VLAN tag , in a way somewhat similar ... to multipoint operation is provided in 1 . Conclusion Hierarchical VLAN is a proposed extension ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Rossel full name Rossel & Cie , S.A. is a major media conglomerate media group in Brussels and Wallonia , the French language French speaking part of Belgium . The daily newspaper Le Soir is one of their main and most successful publications. Together with De Persgroep , Rossel recently purchased the two broadsheets De Tijd and L Echo , and merged them into the new Mediafin . External links official http www.rossel.be http www.rosseladvertising.be Rossel Advertising sales house http www.lesoir.be le Soir , published by Rossel http www.sudpress.be Sud Presse , part of Rossel group http immo.vlan.be Immo Vlan site , part of Rossel group http auto.vlan.be Vlan used cars site , part of Rossel group http shop.vlan.be Vlan classifieds , part of Rossel group Category Media companies of Belgium Belgium newspaper stub eo Rossel fr Groupe Rossel ... more details
Inter Switch Link can stand for In Fibre Channel is the link joining of two Fibre Channel switch es through Fibre Channel Ports E ports Cisco Inter Switch Link ISL is a Cisco Systems Cisco proprietary protocol that maintains VLAN information as traffic flows between switches and routers. disambig ... more details
VMPS may mean Vivekanand Memorial Public School , a school in Raisinghnagar, India VLAN Management Policy Server , a networking protocol Veritone Minimum Phase Speakers , a manufacturer of loudspeakers Virginia Mason Production System , a Lean Healthcare production system based on the Toyota Production System pioneered by Virginia Mason Hospital & Medical Center of Seattle, WA disambig ... more details
VTP may refer to Computing VTP VLAN Trunking Protocol , a proprietary Layer 2 messaging protocol. Venturi Transport Protocol , a proprietary transport layer protocol. OSI protocols Virtual Terminal Protocol Vista Transformation Pack Other Value of Total Plays , a term from the Slot machine fruit machine industry. disambig ... more details
VLANs or simply QinQ or Q in Q . The original 802.1Q specification allows a single VLAN header to be inserted into an Ethernet frame. QinQ allows multiple VLAN headers to be inserted into a single ... In a multiple VLAN header context, out of convenience the term VLAN tag or just tag for short is often used in place of 802.1Q VLAN header . QinQ allows multiple VLAN tags in an Ethernet frame together ... that has 2 VLAN 802.1Q headers double tagged . There is a mild confusion regarding the naming ..., the possibility for customers to run their own VLANs inside service provider s provided VLAN. This way the service provider can just configure one VLAN for the customer and customer can then treat that VLAN as if it was a trunk. IEEE 802.1QinQ was created for the following reasons 802.1Q has a 12 bit VLAN ID field, which has a theoretical limit of 2 sup 12 sup 4096 tags. With the growth .... The addition of a second tag allows operations that would not have been available had the VLAN ID ... , remove pop or modify single or multiple tags. A multi tagged frame not only has multiple VLAN IDs, but has multiple EtherTypes and other VLAN header bit fields. A tag stack creates a mechanism for Internet ... headers than to modify their equipment to implement some hypothetical new non 802.1Q extended VLAN ... frame and its ethertype field. The newly inserted VLAN header s ethertype is set to 0x8100 to identify the following data as a VLAN tag. 12 bits are used for the VLAN ID, the other bits in the VLAN fields are filled in according to the QoS policy, etc. of the interface at which the tag ... nonstandard protocol used 0x9100. 12 bits are used for the VLAN ID, the other bits in the VLAN fields .... S Switch 1 and 2 are connected by link S12. Acme s LAN uses VLAN IDs 10,11,12 in their network. The connections A1 and A2 are Ethernet trunks that have single tagged VLAN traffic, the traffic using ... 1 and S Switch 2, must segregate Acme s and XYZ s traffic. Since both Acme and XYZ share some VLAN ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Cisco Inter Switch Link ISL is a Cisco Systems proprietary protocol that maintains VLAN information in Ethernet frames as traffic flows between Network switch switches and Router computing router s, or switches and switches. ISL is Cisco s VLAN tagging protocol and is supported only on some Cisco equipment over Fast and Gigabit Ethernet links. It is offered as an option to the IEEE 802.1Q standard, a widely used VLAN tagging protocol, although the use of ISL for new sites is deprecated by Cisco. ref CCNA Exploration LAN Switching and Wireless course, v 4.0, sec 3.2.3 ref In the case of ISL the tag is external to the Ethernet frame, which effectively is the same as encapsulating the Ethernet frame, whereas with IEEE 802.1Q the tag is internal. This is a key advantage for IEEE 802.1Q as it means tagged frames can be sent over standard Ethernet links. The size of an Ethernet encapsulated ISL Data frame frame can be expected to start from 94 bytes and increase up to 1548 bytes because of the overhead additional fields the protocol creates via encapsulation. ISL adds a 26 byte header containing a 15 bit VLAN identifier and a 4 byte CRC trailer to the frame. ISL functions at the Data link layer Data Link layer of the Open Systems Interconnection OSI model. ISL is used to maintain redundant links. Another related Cisco protocol, Dynamic Inter Switch Link Protocol DISL simplifies the creation of an ISL trunk from two interconnected Fast Ethernet devices. Fast EtherChannel technology enables aggregation of two full duplex Fast Ethernet links for high capacity backbone connections. DISL minimizes VLAN trunk configuration procedures because only one end of a link needs to be configured as a trunk. See also Dynamic Trunking Protocol DTP IEEE 802.1Q References reflist Category Cisco protocols Inter Switch Link de Inter Switch Link Protocol es Inter Switch Link fr Cisco Inter Switch Link pl Inter Switch Link pt Inter Switch Link ru Inter Switch Link ... more details
of packet loss and as a result improve efficiency. VLAN A VLAN, also known as a virtual LAN , is a method for dividing up a network regardless of physical infrastructure. A VLAN would be used when devices need to be separated as they have different requirements. As an example a VLAN can be created ... logical connection on the network is the most beneficial addition of a VLAN. Category Computer ... more details
unref date September 2009 In computer networking , a virtual storage area network VSAN is a collection of ports from a set of connected Fibre Channel switch es, that form a virtual Fibre Channel fabric fabric . Ports within a single switch can be partitioned into multiple VSANs, despite sharing hardware resources. Conversely, multiple switches can join a number of ports to form a single VSAN. VSANs were designed by Cisco Systems Cisco , modelled after the VLAN virtual local area network VLAN concept in Ethernet networking. In October 2004, the Technical Committee T11 approved VSAN technology into the American National Standards Institute ANSI as the standard. A VSAN, like each FC fabric, can offer different high level protocols such as Fibre Channel Protocol FCP , Fibre Channel over IP FCIP , FICON , iSCSI . Each VSAN is a separate self contained fabric using distinctive security policies, zones, events, memberships, and name services. Traffic is also separate. Unlike a typical fabric that is resized switch by switch, a VSAN can be resized port by port. The use of VSANs allows traffic to be isolated within specific portions of the network. If a problem occurs in one VSAN, that problem can be handled with a minimum of disruption to the rest of the network. VSANs can also be configured separately and independently. See also Storage area network Fibre Channel Fibre Channel fabric VLAN , for analogous mechanism in Ethernet Category Fibre Channel ... more details
ATU can refer to Aarne Thompson classification system Hans J rg Uther Aarne Thompson Uther classification system of classifying folktales Accumulated thermal unit Address Table Unit ADSL Transceiver Unit Allameh Tabataba i University Amalgamated Transit Union antenna tuner Antenna Tuning Unit Arkansas Tech University Auto Teile Unger Finnish Rapid Deployment Force VLAN Table Unit disambig de ATU fr ATU it ATU ru ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date November 2006 VLAN Access Control Lists VACLs provide access control for all packets that are bridged within a VLAN or that are routed into or out of a VLAN. Unlike regular Cisco Cisco IOS IOS access control lists that are configured on router interfaces and applied on routed packets only, VACLs apply to all packets. The technology was developed by Cisco on the Catalyst 6500 Series switch platform. VACLs may be used in similar fashion to a SPAN port or network tap , as a way to replicate computer network data that is coming into and leaving from a computer or a network. This is useful if you want to monitor traffic. Often, this configuration is used to facilitate data loss prevention DLP or network based Intrusion prevention systems . VACL or VACL Ports can be much more discriminating of the traffic they forward compared to a standard SPAN port. They may be set to only forward specific types or specific VLANs to the monitoring port. However, they forward all traffic that matches the criteria, as they do not have the functionality to select from Ingress filtering ingress or Egress filtering egress traffic like SPAN ports. References http www.cisco.com en US tech tk389 tk814 tk838 tsd technology support sub protocol home.html http www.cisco.com en US products hw switches ps700 products tech note09186a008013565f.shtml http www.cisco.com en US products hw switches ps708 products white paper09186a008017b753.shtml See also Virtual private network Private VLAN DEFAULTSORT Vacl Category Local area networks Compu network stub ... more details
multiple issues context June 2011 notability June 2011 unreferenced June 2011 E Tree or Ethernet Virtual Private Tree is a Point to MultiPoint Ethernet Virtual Connection defined by the Metro Ethernet Forum an Ethernet VLAN configuration suitable for multicast services. Other types of Ethernet Virtual Connection EVC defined for Carrier Ethernet networking are the Ethernet Virtual Private Line E Line and E LAN . Category Ethernet ... more details
wiktionary vid Vid or VID can refer to In linguistics VID, the Sanskrit root of Vidya , meaning to know and related to veda . In mythology Vid or Svetovid Svantovid , a Slavic god that is the origin of various Slavic toponyms V d, one of the liv gar rivers in Norse mythology In geography Vit , a river in Bulgaria Vid, Croatia , a small settlement and archeological site near Metkovi Vid, Hungary , a village near Veszpr m In technology Voltage Identification Digital , a digital specification for output voltages Video Identifier, a little text that pops up with recognized product name Logitech Vid, a VoIP service based on SightSpeed VLAN Identifier, a data field in IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tagging slang for video or videotape In business Grupo Editorial Vid , a publishing group from Mexico VID company , a television company in Russia VID , Virtual Instrument Desktop , data acquisition and control SCADA software from Codemachine Ltd. disambig de VID eo VID hr Vid razdvojba it VID nl Vid sk Vid sr ... more details
protocol tunneling or Per VLAN Spanning Tree like spanning trees etc. . There is still the problem ... B SA six bytes EtherType 0x88A8 two bytes B TAG B VID two bytes , this is the backbone VLAN indicator ... six bytes EtherType 0x8100 two bytes Customer VLAN identifier two bytes EtherType e.g. 0x0800 ... MAC addresses. It also defines a 12 bit B VID backbone VLAN ID and 24 bit I SID Service Instance VLAN ID . The bridges in the PBB domain switch based on the B VID and B DA values, which contain ... more details
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