PBB geneid 7012 Infobox rfam Name VertebratetelomeraseRNA image RF00024.jpg height 276px caption Symbol Telomerase vert AltSymbols Rfam RF00024 RNA type Gene Tax domain Eukaryote Virus CAS number EntrezGene ... 7012 EntrezGene page for TERC Rfam id RF00024 name VertebratetelomeraseRNA Rfam id RF00025 ... telomeraseRNA image RF00025.jpg width 240px caption Symbol Telomerase cil AltSymbols Rfam RF00025 RNA ... Infobox rfam Name Saccharomyces cerevisiae telomeraseRNA image RF01050.png width 240px caption Symbol Sacc telomerase AltSymbols Rfam RF01050 RNA type Gene Tax domain Eukaryote CAS number EntrezGene HGNCid OMIM PDB RefSeq Chromosome Arm Band LocusSupplementaryData TelomeraseRNA component , also known as TERC , is an ncRNA RNA gene found in eukaryotes , that is a component of telomerase ... P, Bertrand E, Kiss T title Cell Cycle dependent Recruitment of TelomeraseRNA and Cajal Bodies ... close to the template sequence. The vertebratetelomerase RNAs have a 3 H ACA snoRNA like domain ... and function of telomeraseRNA journal Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. volume 16 issue 3 pages 307 ..., and an RNA component, encoded by this gene, that serves as a template for the telomere repeat. Telomerase ... telomeraseRNA based on natural mutations journal J Biol Chem. volume 280 pages 23502&ndash ... of aplastic anemia . ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene TERC telomeraseRNA component url http ... Zaug AJ, Linger J, Cech TR title Method for determining RNA 3 ends and application to human telomerase ... Cloning and characterization of human and mouse telomeraseRNA gene promoter sequences journal Oncogene ... cite journal author Chen JL, Blasco MA, Greider CW title Secondary structure of vertebratetelomerase ... telomeraseRNA and telomerase reverse transcriptase journal Mol. Cell volume 6 issue 2 pages 361 71 ... S title Minimum length requirement of the alignment domain of human telomeraseRNA to sustain ... of the structure of human telomeraseRNA in vivo journal Nucleic Acids Res volume 30 pages 912&ndash ... more details
enzyme Name RNA directed DNA polymerase EC number 2.7.7.49 CAS number 9068 38 6 IUBMB EC number 2 7 7 49 GO code 0003967 image Telomerase illustration.jpg width 240px caption A conceptual diagram showing the protein component of telomerase TERT in grey and the RNA component TR in yellow Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein ... of the alignment domain of human telomeraseRNA to sustain catalytic activity in vitro journal Nucleic ... at Johns Hopkins. GRN163L binds directly to the RNA template of telomerase. Even a mutation of the RNA ... effects of telomerase are dependent on an intact RNA template, it seems a very worthwhile target ..., it should be noted that they are still killed when the RNA template of telomerase is blocked ... is copied only 100 200 nucleotides are lost, which causes no damage to the organism s DNA. Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase that carries its own RNA molecule, which is used as a template when it elongates ... of aging and the telomere s connections to cancer. Telomerase was discovered by Carol W. Greider ... 10 05 accessdate 2010 10 23 publisher The Nobel Foundation ref Structure Human telomerase consists of two molecules each of human telomerase reverse transcriptase TERT , TelomeraseRNA component telomeraseRNA TR or TERC , and dyskerin DKC1 . ref name pmid17395830 cite journal author Cohen S, Graham ... telomerase from immortal cells journal Science journal Science volume 315 issue 5820 pages 1850 3 year 2007 pmid 17395830 doi 10.1126 science.1138596 ref The genes of telomerase subunits, which are TERT ... http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov protein 109633031 telomerase reverse transcriptase isoform 1 ref TERT proteins ... protein&cmd DetailsSearch&term telomerase reverse transcriptase&log activity telomerase reverse transcriptase ref TERT polypeptide Protein folding folds with TERC, a non coding RNA 451 nucleotide s long ... single stranded DNA using single stranded RNA as a template. Enzymes of this class not TERT specifically ... allows the creation of several DNA copies of a target sequence using RNA as a template. As stated above ... more details
vertebrate group. Clockwise, starting from top left Fire Salamander , Saltwater Crocodile , Southern ... do, however, possess a cranium . For this reason, the vertebrate subphylum is sometimes referred ... GS title Evidence from 18S ribosomal RNA sequences that lampreys and hagfishes form a natural group ... 461164a pmid 19741680 ref Etymology The word vertebrate derives from the Latin word vertebratus Natural History Pliny Pliny , meaning joint of the spine . ref cite web title vertebrate publisher Dictionary.com. ... browse vertebrate ref It is closely related to the word vertebra , which refers to any of the bones ... and spinal cord, but no gut. ref name Romer Romer, A.S. 1949 The Vertebrate Body. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia ... of a vertebrate is the vertebral column , in which the notochord a stiff rod of uniform composition ... five to seven pairs, while the primitive jawless fish have seven. The vertebrate ancestor no doubt ... , further differentiated in the various vertebrate groups. ref name Hildebrand Hildebrand, M. & Gonslow, G. 2001 Analysis of Vertebrate Structure. 5th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc . New York ... vertebrates File Haikouichthys cropped.jpg thumb right The early vertebrate Haikouichthys Vertebrates ... diversity. The earliest known vertebrate is believed to be the Myllokunmingia . ref name Shu ... vertebrate is Haikouichthys ercaicunensis . Unlike the other fauna that dominated the Cambrian, these groups had the basic vertebrate body plan a notochord, rudimentary vertebrae, and a well defined ... has seen great diversification of bony fishes, frogs, birds and mammals. Over half of all living vertebrate ... predators in most of the world s water bodies, both freshwater and marine. The rest of the vertebrate ..., M. & Gonslow, G. 2001 Analysis of Vertebrate Structure. 5th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc . New ... title Vertebrate Palaeontology publisher Blackwell Publishing date 2004 11 01 edition Third location ... living relatives of vertebrates http entomology.ifas.ufl.edu fasulo vector chapter 07.htm Vertebrate ... more details
Marine vertebrates are vertebrate s which live in a marine ocean marine environment. These primarily include fish , seabird s, marine reptile s, and marine mammal s. These animals have an internal skeleton and make up about 4 Citation needed date April 2010 of the sea s animal population. See also Fish Seabird Marine invertebrates Marine reptile Marine mammal References Marine Biology Prof. Eernisse California State University, Fullerton External links http biology.fullerton.edu biol319 lecture.html Marine Biology Prof. Eernisse California State University, Fullerton animal stub aquatic ecosystem topics expanded marine Category Marine biology ... more details
who helped figure out the vertebrate progression was French zoologist Georges Cuvier 1769 1832 ... Thomas Jefferson is credited with initiating the science of vertebrate paleontology in the United States ... textbook on the subject, called Vertebrate Paleontology Romer Vertebrate Paleontology . ref Smith, C.H. ... fossil vertebrate Genus biology genera . Romer became the first president of the Society of Vertebrate ... L. Carroll of McGill University, the 1988 text Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution . Carroll was president of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology in 1983. The Society keeps its members informed on the latest discoveries through newsletters and the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . Paleontological Vertebrate Classification File Spindle diagram.jpg thumb right Classical spindle diagram of the evolution of the vertebrates at class level. The traditional vertebrate classification scheme ... of vertebrate structure ref ref Neill, J.D. ed. 2006 Knobil and Neill s Physiology of Reproduction ... Lagomorpha rabbits Order Primates monkeys, apes and primates References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Vertebrate ... more details
refimprove date September 2009 Infobox Anatomy Name Vertebrate trachea Latin GraySubject 237 GrayPage 1084 Image Illu conducting passages.svg Caption Conducting passages. Image2 Gray1204.png Caption2 Laryngoscopic view of interior of larynx. Trachea labeled at bottom. Precursor System Artery tracheal branches of inferior thyroid artery Vein brachiocephalic vein , azygos vein accessory hemiazygos vein Nerve Lymph MeshName Trachea MeshNumber A04.889 DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf In tetrapod anatomy the trachea , or windpipe , is a tube that connects the pharynx or larynx to the lung s, allowing the passage of air . It is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium cell biology cell s with goblet cell s that produce mucus . This mucus lines the cells of the trachea to trap inhaled foreign particles that the cilia then waft upward toward the larynx and then the pharynx where it can be either swallowed into the stomach or expelled as phlegm . Despite the name, not all vertebrates have a trachea only non fish ones. The name is used in contrast with invertebrate trachea , a structure in arthropod anatomy. In non humans Allowing for variations in the length of the neck, the trachea in other mammal s is, in general, similar to that in humans. In general, the reptile reptilian trachea is also similar. ref name VB cite book author Romer, Alfred Sherwood author2 Parsons, Thomas S. year 1977 title The Vertebrate Body publisher Holt Saunders International location Philadelphia, PA pages 336 337 isbn 0 03 910284 X ref In bird s, the trachea runs from the pharynx to the syrinx biology syrinx , from which the Main bronchus primary bronchi diverge. Swan s have an unusually elongated ... not form the rings found in amniote s. ref name VB The only vertebrate to have lungs, but no trachea ... system Image Trachea.JPG Microscopic cross section of human trachea. File Slide6e.JPG Vertebrate ... ro Trahee qu Hatun tunqur ru scn Cannarozzu f usu simple Vertebrate trachea sk Priedu nica ... more details
PBB geneid 7015 Telomerase reverse transcriptase abbreviated to TERT , or hTERT in humans is a catalytic subunit of the enzyme telomerase . ref name pmid11735173 cite journal author Kirkpatrick KL, Mokbel K title The significance of human telomerase reverse transcriptase hTERT in cancer journal Eur J ... KJ, Erlandsson F, Bj rkholm M, Gruber A, Blennow E, Xu D title Deletion of the telomerase reverse transcriptase ... issn pmc 1574300 ref Despite their similarities to other RNA dependent polymerases, telomerases are part ... from diverse organisms. To wit, telomerase lengthens telomeres in DNA strands, thereby allowing senescent ... text Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein polymerase that maintains telomere ends by addition of the telomere ..., encoded by this gene, and an RNA component that serves as a template for the telomere repeat. Telomerase expression plays a role in cellular senescence, as it is normally repressed in postnatal somatic cell s, resulting in progressive shortening of telomeres. Deregulation of telomerase expression in somatic cells may be involved in oncogenesis . Studies in mice suggest that telomerase also ... stranded breaks. Alternatively spliced variants encoding different isoforms of telomerase reverse transcriptase ... splicing at this locus is thought to be one mechanism of regulation of telomerase activity. ref cite web title Entrez Gene TERT telomerase reverse transcriptase url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 7015 accessdate ref Interactions Telomerase ... Woodring E, Shay Jerry W year 2002 month Dec. title Human Ku70 80 associates physically with telomerase ... K, Tsuruo T year 2000 month June title Involvement of 14 3 3 proteins in nuclear localization of telomerase ... interacts with telomerase journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 279 issue 49 pages 51508 15 publisher ... year 2003 month February title Regulation of telomerase activity and anti apoptotic function by protein ... month May title IL 2 increases human telomerase reverse transcriptase activity transcriptionally and posttranslationally ... more details
pmc 1470764 ref and telomerase contains an RNA that is used as template for building the ends of eukaryotic ... RNA or siRNA can trigger RNA interference in eukaryote s, as well as interferon response in vertebrate ... en ra b .nju kle . k s d , or RNA , is one of the three major macromolecule s along with DNA and protein s essential for all known forms of life . Like DNA, RNA is made up of a long chain of components ... group. The sequence of nucleotides allows RNA to encode genetic information. All cellular organisms use messenger RNA mRNA to carry the genetic information that directs the synthesis of proteins. In addition, many virus es use RNA instead of DNA as their genetic material. Some RNA molecules play ... on ribosome s. This process uses transfer RNA tRNA molecules to deliver amino acids to the ribosome, where ribosomal RNA rRNA links amino acids together to form proteins. The chemical structure of RNA is very similar to that of DNA, with two differences a RNA contains the sugar ribose , while DNA contains ... RNA has the nucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine . Unlike DNA, most RNA molecules are single ... of the ribosome 3CC2.png thumb Three dimensional representation of the 50S ribosomal subunit. RNA is in ochre, protein in blue. The active site is in the middle red . RNA and DNA are both nucleic acid s, but differ in three main ways Unlike double stranded DNA, RNA is a single stranded molecule ... , RNA contains ribose in deoxyribose there is no hydroxyl group attached to the pentose ring in the nucleic acid nomenclature 2 position . These hydroxyl groups make RNA less stable than DNA because ... RNA s, contain self complementary sequences that allow parts of the RNA to fold ref citation author I. Tinoco and C. Bustamante title How RNA folds journal J. Mol. Biol. volume 293 pages 271 281 ..., RNAs can achieve chemical catalysis , like enzymes. ref cite journal author Higgs PG title RNA ... active site is composed entirely of RNA. ref name ribosome activity cite journal author Nissen ... more details
Infobox journal title Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology cover editor Robert R. Reisz discipline Paleontology , vertebrate s peer reviewed language English language English abbreviation J. Vert. Paleontol., JVP publisher Society of Vertebrate Paleontology country United States frequency Quarterly history 1980 present openaccess license impact 2.346 impact year 2009 website http www.vertpaleo.org publications index.cfm link1 link1 name link2 link2 name RSS atom JSTOR OCLC LCCN CODEN ISSN 0272 4634 eISSN 1937 2809 boxwidth The Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology JVP was founded in 1980 at the University of Oklahoma by Dr. Jiri Zidek . It is a scientific journal that publishes original contributions on all aspects of the vertebrate paleontology , including vertebratevertebrate origins , evolution , Morphology biology functional morphology , taxonomy , biostratigraphy , paleoecology , paleobiogeography , and paleoanthropology . See also Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Category Paleontology journals Vertebrate Paleontology Category University of Oklahoma Category Publications established in 1980 Category Quarterly journals Category English language journals es Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology pl Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology pt Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology ... more details
Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution is an advanced textbook on vertebrate paleontology by Robert L. Carroll , published by WH Freeman . It provides a very detailed technical account of various groups of living and fossil vertebrates. The book, which is written in the style of Alfred Sherwood Romer s Vertebrate Paleontology Romer Vertebrate Paleontology , presents the most recent overall coverage of this subject. At the rear of the book is a 53 page scientific classification Classification list which lists every genus known at the time of publication, along with locality and stratigraphic range. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution appeared in print in 1988, just before the cladistic taxonomy became popular in vertebrate paleontology. The books thus uses the classical systematic scheme, including a number of paraphyletic taxa that are not recognised under phylogenetic nomenclature . Bibliography Carroll, R.L. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution . WH Freeman and Company, New York ISBN 0 7167 1822 7 Category Paleontology books science book stub ... more details
Vertebrate Paleontology is an advanced textbook on vertebrate paleontology by Alfred Sherwood Romer , published by the University of Chicago Press . ref Romer, A.S. 1966 Vertebrate Paleontology. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 3rd edition ISBN 0 7167 1822 7 ref It went through three editions 1933, 1945, 1966 and for many years constituted a very authoritative work and the definitive coverage of the subject. ref Smith, C.H. 2005 http www.wku.edu smithch chronob ROME1894.htm Romer, Alfred Sherwood United States 1894 1973 , homepage from Western Kentucky University ref A condensed version centering on comparative anatomy , coauthored by T.S. Parson came in 1977, remaining in print until 1985. ref name Romer, A 1977 Alfred Romer Romer, A.S . & T.S. Parsons. 1977. The Vertebrate Body. 5th ed. Saunders, Philadelphia. 6th ed. 1985 ref The book provides a very detailed and comprehensive technical account of every main group of living and fossil vertebrates. At the rear of the book is a scientific classification classification list which includes every genus known at the time of publication, along with locality and stratigraphic range. See also Alfred Sherwood Romer Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution References Reflist Category Paleontology books Category 1933 books ... more details
infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name Vertebrate Palaeontology title orig translator image Image Vertebrate palaeontology edition2&3.jpg image caption Second and Third Editions of Benton s Vertebrate Palaeontology author Michael J. Benton illustrator John Sibbick cover artist country United Kingdom language English language English series genre Vertebrates , Fossil , Biology , Geology publisher Blackwell Publishing , Chapman and Hall Chapman & Hall release date 1990 in literature 1990 1997 in literature 1997 Second Edition 2005 in literature 2005 Third Edition english release date media type Paperback pages 472 isbn 0632056371 dewey 566 22 congress QE841 .B44 2005 oclc 53970617 preceded by followed by Vertebrate Palaeontology is a basic textbook on vertebrate paleontology by Michael J. Benton , published by Blackwell Publishing Blackwell s . It has so far appeared in three editions, published in 1990, 1997, and 2005. It is designed for paleontology graduate courses in biology and geology as well as for the interested layman. The book is widely used, and has received excellent reviews This book is a must for a biology or geology student and researcher concerned by palaeontology. It perfectly succeeds in showing how palaeobiological information is obtained . Review of 3rd edition, Zentrallblatt fur Geologie und Palaontologie , 2007. One anticipates that Benton s Vertebrate Palaeontology will be come the industry standard , and as such it should occupy space on the shelves of all involved in undergraduate teaching . Ivan Sansom, School of Earth Sciences, University of Birmingham. Review of the 2nd ed for the Micropalaeontological Society. http www.tmsoc.org review.htm benton ... his expertise in a range of problems of vertebrate paleontology ... major group of living and fossil vertebrate. At the rear of the book is a phylogeny phylogenetic classification ... Michael J. Benton Benton, M. J. 2005 , Vertebrate Paleontology , 3rd ed. Blackwell Science Ltd ... more details
coord 37 52 16.42 N 122 15 43.23 W region US display title Infobox Museum name Museum of Vertebrate Zoology native name native name lang image imagesize 200 caption alt map type map caption map alt latitude longitude established 1908 dissolved location University of California, Berkeley type Science museum collection 640,000 specimens visitors research only director Craig Moritz president curator Rauri Bowie Birds , br Jimmy A McGuire Herpetology , br Eileen Lacey Mammals publictransit network website http mvz.berkeley.edu Museum of Vertebrate Zoology Main Page The Museum of Vertebrate Zoology is a natural history museum at the University of California, Berkeley , USA. The museum was founded by philanthropist Annie Montague Alexander in 1908. Alexander recommended zoologist Joseph Grinnell as museum director, a position he held until his death in 1939. ref name hist http mvz.berkeley.edu History.html Museum of Vertebrate Zoology History . ref The museum became a center of authority for the study of vertebrate biology and evolution on the West Coast, comparable to other major natural history museums in the United States. ref name hist It has one of the nation s largest research collections of mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles, and the largest collection of any university museum. ref http mvz.berkeley.edu Collections.html Museusm of Vertebrate Zoology Collections. ref ref http www.ucop.edu sciencetoday article 18435 Science Today, radio program of University of California. ref The museum is located on the UC Berkeley campus, in the Valley Life Sciences Building, on the 3rd floor, entrance at room 3101. Footnotes Reflist External links http mvz.berkeley.edu Museum of Vertebrate Zoology main page. Accessed Feb 5 2010 http berkeley.edu map 3dmap 3dmap.shtml UC Berkeley Interactive Map Museum is in Valley Life Sciences Building 3rd floor Category Museums in Berkeley, California ..., Berkeley buildings US museum stub California university stub de Museum of Vertebrate Zoology ... more details
Refimprove date February 2010 The Society of Vertebrate Paleontology SVP was founded in 1940 for individuals with an interest in vertebrate paleontology . SVP as it is known to its members now has almost 2,000 members. The society s website states that SVP is organized exclusively for educational and scientific purposes. The object of the Society is to advance the science of vertebrate paleontology and to serve the common interests and facilitate the cooperation of all persons concerned with the history, evolution , comparative anatomy , and taxonomy of vertebrate animals, as well as field occurrence, collection, and study of fossil vertebrates and the stratigraphy of the beds in which they are found. SVP is also concerned with the conservation and preservation of fossil sites. SVP publications include The Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , The SVP Memoir Series , The News Bulletin , The Bibliography of Fossil Vertebrates and most recently Palaeontologia Electronica . Public policies SVP believes that, Vertebrate Fossils are significant nonrenewable paleontological resources that are afforded protection by federal, state and local environmental laws and guidelines . SVP believes that scientifically important fossils, especially those found on public land, should be held in the public trust, preferably in a museum or research institution, where they can benefit the scientific community as a whole. Paleontological Resources Preservation Act. S. 546 and H. R. 2416 were introduced ... of scientifically significant vertebrate fossils is not condoned, unless it brings them into or keeps ... The Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology JVP is the society s flagship publication. JVP was founded ... contributions on all aspects of the vertebrate paleontology including vertebrate origins, evolution ... subjects related to vertebrate paleontology. Palaeontologia Electronica is the world s first electronic ... societies de Society of Vertebrate Paleontology fr Society of Vertebrate Paleontology ... more details
The Vertebrate and Genome Annotation Vega project provides manual curation of vertebrate genomes for the scientific community. ref cite journal author Ashurst JL, Chen CK, Gilbert JG, et al. title The Vertebrate Genome Annotation Vega database journal Nucleic Acids Research volume 33 issue Database issue pages D459 65 year 2005 month January pmid 15608237 pmc 540089 doi 10.1093 nar gki135 ref The Vega data repository is publicly available, regularly updated and includes Genome project Genome annotation annotations of several finished vertebrate genome sequences. ref cite journal author Loveland J title VEGA, the genome browser with a difference journal Briefings in Bioinformatics volume 6 issue 2 pages 189 93 year 2005 month June pmid 15975227 doi 10.1093 bib 6.2.189 ref Human, mouse and zebrafish are in the process of being completely annotated, whereas for other species the annotation is only of specific genomic regions of particular biological interest ref http vega.sanger.ac.uk Vega website homepage, retrieved 2012 02 21 ref . The Vega website is built upon the Ensembl codebase. ref cite journal author Searle SM, Gilbert J, Iyer V, Clamp M title The otter annotation system journal Genome Research volume 14 issue 5 pages 963 70 year 2004 month May pmid 15123593 pmc 479127 doi 10.1101 gr.1864804 ref The Vega database is run and developed by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute . References reflist External links http vega.sanger.ac.uk Vega homepage Category Bioinformatics Category Biological databases bioinformatics stub ... more details
The Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology abbreviated to IVPP zh of People s Republic of China China is a prominent research institution and museum collections repository for fossil s, including many dinosaur and pterosaur specimens many from the Yixian Formation . As its name suggests, research is focused on both paleontology paleontological topics and those relating to human prehistory . The institution, located in Beijing , grew out of the Cenozoic Research Laboratory in 1929 and is its own institution under the Chinese Academy of Sciences . Its staff have increasingly worked internationally, and were authors or coauthors on 45 Nature journal Nature and Science journal Science articles from 1999 to 2005. ref name IVPPpr cite web url http english.ivpp.cas.cn au bi title Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences accessdate 2011 08 10 ref Notable paleontologist s who have been affiliated with the IVPP include Yang Zhongjian aka C. C. Young , Dong Zhiming , and Zhao Xijin . References reflist See also List of museums in China External links http www.ivpp.ac.cn Official website of IVPP http mdata.ivpp.ac.cn 8080 animal language.do?language en The Collections Department of the IVPP Natural history museums in China coord missing Beijing Category Research institutes in China Category Natural history museums in China Category Paleontological research institutes PRChina museum stub paleo stub de Institut f r Wirbeltierpal ontologie und Pal oanthropologie der Chinesischen Akademie der Wissenschaften no Det kinesiske institutt for virveldyrpaleontologi og paleoantropologi ... more details
nofootnotes date August 2010 The Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology WFVZ is a charitable institution based in Camarillo , California , USA . It hosts a natural history collection specializing in Egg biology eggs and nest s of birds. The collection comprises 190,000 sets of bird eggs representing approximately 4,000 species, including all orders of extant birds 20,000 nests and 56,000 bird study skins from around the world. fact date August 2010 The Western Foundation, a 501 c 3 non profit corporation, is both a natural history collection specializing in eggs and nests of birds from around the world, and a research and education institution dedicated to bird conservation. The Foundation s fundamental mission is to obtain, protect, and manage ornithological collections in a manner that ensures their accessibility to researchers, educators, students, and the public, and to ensure that the materials are used in projects that contribute to the conservation of the world s wild bird species. The Western Foundation s collections have contributed to multiple scientific fields e.g., conservation, ecology, taxonomy, and toxicology . fact date August 2010 The Foundation s egg sets have also figured prominently in studies of eggshell thinning due to contaminants e.g., DDT and heavy metals . It publishes a journal, the Proceedings of the Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology . fact date August 2010 Visitors can take guided tours of the collections on the last Friday of every month at 3pm, except in May, November, and December. fact date August 2010 There are also group tours. External links http www.wfvz.org WFVZ website Category Biological research institutes Category Zoology organizations Category Organizations based in California Category Museums in Ventura County, California Category Natural history museums in California Category Research museums in California Category Collections of museums in the United States Category Camarillo, California sci org stub ... more details
This is an incomplete list that briefly describes vertebrate s that were Extant taxon extant during the Maastrichtian , a stage of the Late Cretaceous Period which extended from 70.6 to 65.5 million years before present . This was the last time period in which non avian dinosaur s, pterosaur s, plesiosaur s, and mosasaur s existed. Amphibian Amphibians class wikitable align center width 100 colspan 5 align center Amphibians of the Maastrichtian Taxa Presence Location Description Images Beelzebufo Beelzebufo ampinga Maevarano Formation Image Beelzebufo BW.jpg thumb 200px center Beelzebufo Albanerpeton Image Albanerpeton BW.jpg thumb 200px center Albanerpeton Ankylosauria Ankylosaurs class wikitable align center width 100 colspan 5 align center Ankylosaurs of the Maastrichtian Taxa Presence Location Description Images Ankylosaurus Ankylosaurus magniventris Confirmed. Hell Creek Formation , Montana, USA Alberta, Canada The largest ankylosaur. rowspan 99 Image Ankylosaurus dinosaur.png thumb center 200px Ankylosaurus Image Edmontonia dinosaur.png thumb center 200px Edmontonia Image Euoplocephalus BW.jpg thumb center 200px Euoplocephalus Image Tarchia 6497.JPG thumb 200px center Tarchia Edmontonia Campanian to Maastrichtian Horseshoe Canyon Formation , Alberta, Canada A bulky nodosaurid at roughly 6.6m 22 ft long and 2m 6 ft high. It had small, ridged bony plates on its back and head and many sharp spikes along its back and tail. The four largest spikes jutted out from the shoulders on each side, two of which were split into subspines in some specimens. Its skull had a pear like shape when viewed from above. Euoplocephalus Euoplocephalus tutus Glyptodontopelta Glyptodontopelta mimus Struthiosaurus Tarchia Tarchia giganteaus Bird s class wikitable align center width 100 colspan 5 align center Birds of the Maastrichtian Taxa Presence Location Description Images Anatalavis Anatalavis rex A genus of bird related to modern ducks and geese. Found in the Hornerstone Formation ... more details
telomerase. 3D structure All the RNA directed RNA polymerases, and many DNA directed polymerases, employ ...Pfam box Symbol RNA pol flaviviral Name RNA directed RNA polymerase, flaviviral Pfam PF00972 InterPro IPR000208 PROSITE PDB RNA dependent RNA polymerase RdRP , RDR , or RNA replicase , is an enzyme EC number 2.7.7.48 that catalyzes the Self replication replication of RNA from an RNA template. This is in contrast to a typical DNA dependent RNA polymerase , which catalyzes the transcription genetics transcription of RNA from a DNA template. RNA dependent RNA polymerase RdRp is an essential protein encoded in the genomes of all RNA containing viruses with no DNA stage that have sense negative RNA ... of RNA dependent RNA polymerases of dsRNA viruses and their relationship to positive strand RNA viral polymerases journal FEBS Lett. volume 252 issue 1 2 pages 42 6 year 1989 month July pmid ... MJ, Gould EA, Holmes EC title A reevaluation of the higher taxonomy of viruses based on RNA polymerases ... 190630 doi ref It catalyses synthesis of the RNA strand complementary to a given RNA template. The RNA replication process is a two step mechanism. First, the initiation step of RNA synthesis begins at or near the 3 end of the RNA template by means of a primer independent de novo , or a primer dependent ... NTPs to generate the complementary RNA product. ref name pmid11531403 cite journal author Kao CC, Singh P, Ecker DJ title De novo initiation of viral RNA dependent RNA synthesis journal Virology ... ref File RNA Replicase structure.png thumb PDB code 3PHU written by Akutsu, M. not yet published .... supergroup of RNA viruses. Primer dependent RNA synthesis utilizes a small 2 to 3 kilodalton viral ... to the 5 end of the RNA template. VPg facilitates synthesis at the 3 end of the template by utilizing ... at the third position of the VPg. A cis acting replication element CRE , which is a RNA stem loop .... Mutations within the CRE RNA structure prevent VPg uridylylation, and mutations within the VPg ... more details
Infobox rfam Name Vault RNA image Vault RNA secondary structure.png width 220px caption Vault RNA secondary ... RNA type Gene Tax domain Eukaryote Eukaryota Chordate Chordata EntrezGene 56664 HGNCid 12654 OMIM 612695 Vault RNAs vRNA , also known as vtRNA are an RNA family found as part of the vault ribonucleoprotein ... contain a single species of small RNA journal J Cell Biol volume 103 issue 3 pages 699 709 year 1986 ... MVP , two minor vault proteins PARP4 VPARP and TEP1 , and several small Non coding RNA untranslated RNA molecules. Each vault particle contains 8 16 vRNA vRNA? molecules. The vault complex has been ... title RNA location and modeling of a WD40 repeat domain within the vault journal RNA journal RNA volume ... in stabilising the vRNA. ref name pmid11149928 cite journal author Kickhoefer VA title The Telomerase Vault Associated Protein Tep1 Is Required for Vault RNA Stability and Its Association with the Vault ... H, Kvist A, Vallon Christersson J, Medstrand P, Borg A, Rovira C title The non coding RNA of the multidrug ... journal author Subash G, Wadhwa R, Penmetcha KK title Expression of non coding vault RNA in human ... A, Polacek N title Epstein barr virus induced expression of a novel human vault RNA journal J ... between antitumor drugs and vault RNA journal Nucleic Acids Symp Ser Oxf volume 52 issue 52 pages ... Identification of conserved vault RNA expression elements and a non expressed mouse vault RNA gene ... RNA binding protein interacts with the vault RNA and is a vault associated protein journal J Biol Chem ... Vilalta A, Kickhoefer VA, Rome LH, Johnson DL title The rat vault RNA gene contains a unique RNA ... Vault ribonucleoprotein particles from rat and bullfrog contain a related small RNA that is transcribed by RNA polymerase III journal J Biol Chem volume 268 issue 11 pages 7868 73 year 1993 pmid 7681830 ref div reflist 2 External links Rfam id RF00006 name Vault RNA http vaults.arc.ucla.edu The Vault website MeshName Vault Ribonucleoprotein Particles DEFAULTSORT Vault Rna Category Non coding RNA ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date January 2008 Preribosomal RNA is a non complete RNA that serve as the intermediate form during RNA biogenesis. Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages Category RNA Cell biology stub ... more details
RNA stands for ribonucleic acid, a biological macromolecule. RNA may also refer to RNA journal RNA journal , a scientific journal Religion Newswriters Association Republic of New Afrika , a black nationalist community and political lobby group Rochester Numismatic Association Romantic Novelists Association The Royal National Agricultural and Industrial Association of Queensland , organiser of the Ekka Royal Navy Association , a form of auxiliary for the Royal Navy United Kingdom Royal Nepalese Army Royal Nepal Airlines Radio Nacional de Angola , Angola National Radio disambig Category Initialisms es RNA desambiguaci n eo RNA apartigilo fr RNA gl RNA it RNA disambigua nl RNA pt RNA desambigua o zh RNA ... more details
RNA journal may refer to RNA journal , a Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press scientific journal RNA Biology , a Landes Bioscience scientific journal disambig ... more details
Infobox rfam Name Y RNA image RF00019.jpg width caption Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of Y RNA Symbol Y RNA AltSymbols Y1 Y2 Y3 Y5 Rfam RF00019 miRBase miRBase family RNA type ... Arm Band LocusSupplementaryData Y RNAs are small non coding RNA components of the Ro ribonucleoprotein ... left A representation of the 3D structure of Y RNA bound to Ro autoantigen. ref name pmid15907467 ... insights into RNA quality control The Ro autoantigen binds misfolded RNAs via its central cavity ..., Y RNA appears to function as a repressor of TRIM21 Ro . In its free state, Ro binds to a variety ... themes in non coding RNA quality control journal Curr Opin Struct Biol. volume 17 pages 209&ndash 214 ... with Y RNA or another RNA showed that Ro binds single stranded 3 ends of RNAs relatively nonspecifically, whereas Y RNA binds specifically at a second site that regulates access of other RNAs. ref name ... pmc 1877746 ref In Deinococcus , mutant s lacking Y RNA are viable, and Y RNA appears to be unstable ... in isolated vertebrate cell nuclei in vitro . ref name pmid16943439 Specific degradation of human ... concealing microRNAs? Y RNA derived miRNAs may be involved in autoimmunity. Verhagen AP, Pruijn GJ. Bioessays. 2011 Sep 33 9 674 82. doi 10.1002 bies.201100048 . ref . Although Y RNA derived small RNAs are similar in size to microRNAs, it has been shown that these Y RNA fragments are not involved in the microRNA pathway ref Biogenesis of Y RNA derived small RNAs is independent of the microRNA pathway ... are predicted to fold into a conserved stem formed by the RNA s 3 and 5 ends and characterized by a single ... of a conserved helix journal RNA volume 4 pages 750&ndash 765 pmid 9671049 doi 10.1017 S1355838298971667 issue 7 pmc 1369656 ref Species distribution Presumptive Y RNA and Ro protein homology biology ... has one, named CeY RNA and a large number of sbRNA s that are postulated to also be Y RNA homologues ... title Caenorhabditis elegans embryos contain only one major species of Ro RNP journal RNA volume 1 pages ... more details
Infobox rfam Name Ornate Large Extremophilic RNA image OLE secondary structure.jpg width caption Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of OLE Symbol OLE AltSymbols Rfam RF01071 miRBase miRBase family RNA type Gene Tax domain Bacteria GO SO SO 0001263 CAS number EntrezGene HGNCid OMIM PDB RefSeq Chromosome Arm Band LocusSupplementaryData OLE RNA Ornate Large Extremophilic RNA is a conserved RNA structure present in certain bacteria . ref cite journal author Puerta Fernandez E, Barrick JE, Roth A, Breaker RR title Identification of a large noncoding RNA in extremophilic eubacteria journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 103 issue 51 pages 19490 5 year 2006 month December pmid 17164334 pmc 1748253 doi 10.1073 pnas.0607493103 url ref The RNA averages roughly 610 nucleotides in length. The only known RNAs that are longer than OLE RNA are ribozyme s such as the group II intron and ribosomal RNA s. The exceptional length and highly conserved structure of OLE RNA prompted the hypothesis that OLE RNA could be a ribozyme, or otherwise perform an intricate biochemical task. OLE RNAs are predominantly found in the order Clostridiales , but other kinds of Firmicute s contain OLE RNAs as well. Organisms containing OLE RNA are predominantly extremophile s and anaerobe s. OLE RNAs are transcribed as RNA, and experiments in Bacillus halodurans show that it is transcribed in a mRNA with 10 other gene s. The adjacent genes are conserved in the vicinity of OLE RNA in most species containing it, but in Desulfitobacterium hafniense they are located elsewhere on the chromosome . OLE RNAs are processed from the larger transcript into a shorter RNA that roughly corresponds to the conserved ... in species with the presence of OLE RNA. This correlation suggests a possible functional association between the RNA and the protein. References references External links Rfam id RF01071 name OLE RNA Category Non coding RNA molecular cell biology stub ... more details
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