A verticalmarket often referred to simply as a vertical is a group of similar business es and customer s that engage in trade based on specific and specialized needs. Often, participants in a verticalmarket are very limited to a subset of a larger industry a niche market . An example of this sort of market is the market for point of sale point of sale terminals, which are often designed specifically for similar customers and are not available for purchase to the general public. Vertical marketing can be witnessed at trade shows. The opposite of vertical marketing is Horizontal market horizontal marketing . Markets The activities of participants within any given verticalmarket are typically .... The single defining characteristic of the participants in a verticalmarket is competition within a well defined segment. Horizontal market participants often attempt to meet enough of the different needs of vertical markets to gain a presence in the verticalmarket. Their similar products services tend to be less of a fit but also less expensive than specialized, vertical participant solutions. Verticalmarket software is software aimed at addressing the needs of any given business within a discernible verticalmarket. An example could be software that manages services in hotels amenities solutions. Comparison with horizontal markets A verticalmarket is a market which meets .... It is also known as a niche market . ref http www.investorwords.com 5242 vertical market.html Spam link date March 2011 ref A horizontal market is a market which meets a given need of a wide ... technologies. On occasion a horizontal market can be highly specialized at the same time, for instance consider the market for converting mainframe databases developed with the tools of a particular company. The market for such a database conversion service might involve many vertical markets aerospace ... obsolete and no longer mainstream. Examples Some common examples of vertical markets Automotive ... more details
Verticalmarket software is aimed at addressing the needs of any given business within a discernible verticalmarket specific industry or market . While horizontal market software can be useful to a wide array of industries such as word processors or spreadsheet programs , verticalmarket software is developed for and customized to a specific industry s needs. Verticalmarket software is readily identifiable by the application specific graphical user interface which defines it. One example of verticalmarket software is point of sale software. See also Horizontal market software Horizontal market Product software implementation method Enterprise resource planning Customer relationship management Content management system Supply chain management Resources http www.infoworld.com article 05 05 24 HNwindowsvertical 1.html Microsoft ships first Windows OS for verticalmarket from InfoWorld http geodsoft.com opinion oslimits vertical.htm The Limits of Open Source Vertical Markets Present Special Obstacles Category Software industry ... more details
Wiktionary Vertical may refer to Vertical direction , the direction aligned with the direction of the force of gravity, as materialized with a plumb line Vertical angles , a pair of angles sharing the same vertex and bounded by the same pair of lines but are opposite to each other Vertical company , a publishing company based in New York City Vertical music , a musical interval where the two notes sound simultaneously Vertical Inc , a Japanese novel and manga company founded in 2001 by Hiroki Sakai Verticalmarket , a group of similar businesses and customers which engage in trade based on specific and specialized needs Vertical novel , a 2010 novel and sequel to Sideways novel Sideways written by Rex Pickett Vertical movie , a 1967 Soviet movie starring Vladimir Vysotsky Vertical, a type of wine tasting in which different vintages of the same wine type from the same winery are tasted See also Vertical integration , a management term describing a style of ownership and control Vertical monopoly , a monopoly produced through vertical integration Vertical blinds , a type of window blind Vertical jump , a measure of how high an individual or athlete can elevate off the ground from a standstill Horizontal disambiguation disambig de Vertikale fr Verticale nl Verticale ru simple Vertical uk ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 A vertical application or verticalmarket application, is software defined by requirements for a single, or narrowly defined, market. It contrasts with horizontal application . Citation needed date May 2008 An example of a vertical application is software that helps doctors manage patient records, insurance billing, etc. Software like this can be purchased off the shelf and used as is, or the Physician doctor can hire a consultant to modify the software to accommodate the needs of the doctor. The software is specifically designed to be used by any doctor s office, but would not be useful to any other entity. Citation needed date May 2008 DEFAULTSORT Vertical Application Category Computing terminology software type stub es Aplicaci n vertical eu Aplikazio bertikal it Applicativi verticali ... more details
Competition law A vertical agreement is a term used in competition law to denote agreements between firms at different levels of the supply chain. For instance, a manufacturer of consumer electronics might have a vertical agreement with a retailer according to which the latter would promote their products in return for lower prices. Franchising is a form of vertical agreement, and under European Union competition law this falls within the scope of Article 101. ref Consten v. Grundig ref Whether a vertical agreement actually restricts competition and whether in that case the benefits wikt outweigh outweigh the anti competitive effects will often depend on the market structure. EU competition law block exemptions for vertical agreements Vertical agreements that fulfil the conditions for exemption and do not contain any so called hardcore restrictions of competition are exempted from the prohibition in Article 101 3 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union by Regulation 330 2010 ref European Union regulation Commission Regulation European Union EU 330 2010 on the application of Article 101 1 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union to categories of vertical agreements and concerted practices ref . The main exception is agreements for motor vehicle distribution, which remain subject to Regulation 1400 2002 ref European Union regulation Commission Regulation European Community EC NO 1400 2002 of 31 July 2002 on the application of Article 81 3 of the Treaty to categories of vertical agreements and concerted practices in the motor vehicle List of recognized economic sectors sector ref until 31 May 2013, pursuant to a three year extension granted in Regulation ... of vertical agreements and concerted practices in the motor vehicle sector ref . Although this latter ... hardcore clauses See also Horizontal agreement Vertical restraints Collusion Cartel References reflist 2 External links Category Competition law fr Accord vertical ... more details
Context date October 2009 In options trading, a vertical spread is an options strategy involving buying and selling of multiple options of the same underlying security, same expiration date, but at different strike prices. They can be created with either all calls or all puts. The term originates from the trading sheets that were used in the open outcry pits on which option prices were listed out by expiry date & strike price, thus looking down the sheet vertical the trader would see all options of the same maturity. Bull vertical spread Bull call spread and bull put spread are bullish vertical spreads constructed using calls and puts respectively. Bear vertical spread Bear call spread and Bear put spread are bearish vertical spreads constructed using calls and puts respectively. References reflist cite book last McMillan first Lawrence G. title Options as a Strategic Investment edition 4th ed. publisher New York New York Institute of Finance year 2002 isbn 0 7352 0197 8 Derivatives market Category Options Category Derivatives finance ... more details
Study of Vertical Integration in the U.S. Television Syndication Market. Journal of Media ... of the Federal Communications Commission . See also Conglomerate company Verticalmarket Exclusive ...refimprove date March 2010 File Integration in English.svg 250px thumb right A diagram illustrating vertical ... , the term vertical integration describes a style of management control . Vertically integrated companies ... a different product business product or market specific service, and the products combine to satisfy a common need. It is contrasted with horizontal integration . Vertical integration has also ... much of its own steel rather than buy it from suppliers . Vertical integration is one method of avoiding the hold up problem . A monopoly produced through vertical integration is called a vertical monopoly . Nineteenth century US Steel steel tycoon Andrew Carnegie introduced the concept and use of vertical ... to promote better financial growth and efficiency in their businesses. Three types Vertical ... of the production process, vertical integration is typified by one firm engaged in different parts of production ... varieties backward upstream vertical integration, forward downstream vertical integration, and balanced both upstream and downstream vertical integration. A company exhibits backward vertical ... toward forward vertical integration when it controls distribution centers and retailers where its products are sold. Examples One of the earliest, largest and most famous examples of vertical integration ... name pitt cite news last Machosky first Michael title Vertical Integration publisher Pittsburgh Tribune ... accessdate 2008 06 12 the buzzword now is vertical integration. ref ref name sew The brand is based ... a complete vertical product portfolio from oil and gas production, refining, petrochemicals, synthetic ... produced and distributed feature films, but did not own their own theaters. The issue of vertical integration ... of anti competitive behaviors affiliated with market influence. For example, in United States ... more details
Vertical innovation is a combination of the phrases vertical integration and open innovation . ref Nottingham, John and Spirk, John 2011 . Vertical Innovation in Action Nottingham Spirk s Unique Approach. Retrieved 20 April 2012. ref The term Vertical integration vertical integration describes a style of business management control , and is typified by one firm engaged in different multiple parts of a production process. Open innovation is a term promoted by Henry Chesbrough , a professor and executive director at the Center for Open Innovation at the University of California, Berkeley . Open innovation is a paradigm that assumes that firms can and should use external ideas as well as internal ideas, and internal and external paths to market, as the firms look to advance their technology. ref Chesbrough, H.W. 2003 . Open Innovation The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Boston Harvard Business School Press, p. xxiv ref The company Nottingham Spirk coined the phrase vertical innovation in 2011, although the phrase describes a process that was created and perfected over forty years at the firm. ref http trademarks.justia.com 855 51 vertical innovation 85551798.html ... a vertical innovation strategy. Vertical innovation is both a process to encourage efficient problem ... of a development program. Different Product Development and Innovation Approaches Vertical Innovation Approach Vertical innovation by its very essence ideally takes place at one location, providing ... skill groups have individuals participating in each of the typical development stages Market Analysis ... points along the development process, while providing shortened development timelines. The vertical ..., John 2011 . Vertical Innovation in Action Nottingham Spirk s Unique Approach. http www.nottinghamspirk.com index.php vertical innovation . Retrieved 10 April 2012. Chesbrough, H.W. 2003 . Open ... Press, p. xxiv http trademarks.justia.com 855 51 vertical innovation 85551798.html http money.cnn.com ... more details
Vertical Disintegration refers to a specific organizational form of industrial production. As opposed to integration, in which production occurs within a singular organization, vertical disintegration means that various diseconomy of scale diseconomies of scale or scope have broken a production process into separate companies, each performing a limited subset of activities required to create a finished product. Example Filmed entertainment was once highly vertically integrated into a handful of large studios who handled everything from production to theatrical presentation. After the second world war, the industry was broken into small fragments, each specializing on particular tasks within the division of labor required to produce and show a finished piece of filmed entertainment. Hollywood became highly vertically disintegrated, with specialized firms who only performed certain tasks such as editing, special effects, trailers etc. Why Disintegrate? One major reason for vertical disintegration is to share risk. Also, in some cases, smaller firms can be more responsive to changes in market conditions. Vertical disintegration is thus more likely when operating in volatile markets. Stability and standardized products more typically engender integration, as it provides the benefits of scale economies. Economic Geography The geography of a disintegrated industry is not a given. Economic geographers typically differentiate between knowledge intensive, volatile and unstandardized activities, and standardized, routinized production. The former tend to be clustered in space, as they require proximity to build a common conceptual framework and share new ideas. The latter can be far flung and are exemplified by global commodity chains such as apparel and automotive industries. Even in those industries however, design and other creative and non repetitive tasks tend to exhibit some ... Growth . Blackwell See also Vertical integration DEFAULTSORT Vertical Disintegration Category ... more details
Vertical velocity can refer to Either of two rollercoasters located in Six Flags amusement parks Vertical Velocity roller coaster V2 Vertical Velocity As a common noun, the term also refers to the movement of air masses upward as related in the omega equation . dab ... more details
unreferenced date March 2011 Unreferenced date December 2009 In tectonics , vertical displacement is the shifting of land in a vertical direction, resulting in a permanent change in elevation. Two types of vertical displacement are tectonic uplift uplift , an increase in elevation, and subsidence , a decrease in elevation. DEFAULTSORT Vertical Displacement Category Plate tectonics Tectonics stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In astronomy , a vertical circle is a great circle on the celestial sphere that is perpendicular to the horizon . Therefore it passes through the zenith and the nadir . There is a vertical circle for any given azimuth , where azimuth is the angle measured east from the north on the celestial horizon. The vertical circle which is on the east west direction is called the prime vertical . The vertical circle which is on the north south direction is called the Local Celestial Meridian LCM or Principal Vertical. Vertical circles are part of the Horizontal Co ordinates system. DEFAULTSORT Vertical Circle Category Celestial coordinate system Astronomy stub el it Circoli verticali ... more details
File WW mountbaker.png thumb A vertically exaggerated mountain. In reality, the terrain would appear much flatter. Vertical exaggeration VE is a Scale ratio scale that is used in raised relief map s, Plans drawings plans and technical drawing s Cross section geometry cross section perspectives . The exaggeration is used to emphasize vertical features, which might be too small to identify relative to the horizontal scale. Vertical exaggeration is given as a number for example 5 means that vertical measurements are 5 times greater than horizontal measurements. A value of 1 indicates that horizontal and vertical scales are identical, and is regarded as having no vertical exaggeration. Vertical exaggerations less than 1 are not common, but indicate a reduction in vertical scale or, equivalently, a horizontal exaggeration . In some cases, if the vertical exaggeration is too high, the map reader may get confused. External links http geology.isu.edu geostac Field Exercise topomaps vert ex.htm Introduction to Topographic Maps Vertical Exaggeration Geometry stub Category Cartography Category Descriptive geometry Category Topography ... more details
Image Vertical tangent.svg thumb Vertical tangent on the function &fnof x at x c . In mathematics , a vertical tangent is tangent line that is Vertical direction vertical . Because a vertical line has infinite slope , a Function mathematics function whose graph of a function graph has a vertical tangent is not differentiable at the point of tangency. Limit definition A function &fnof has a vertical tangent at x a if the difference quotient used to define the derivative has infinite limit ... The first case corresponds to an upward sloping vertical tangent, and the second case to a downward sloping vertical tangent. Informally speaking, the graph of &fnof has a vertical tangent at x ... function , it is often possible to detect a vertical tangent by taking the limit of the derivative. If math lim x to a f x infty text , math then &fnof must have an upward sloping vertical tangent at x ... sloping vertical tangent at x a . In these situations, the vertical tangent to &fnof appears as a vertical asymptote on the graph of the derivative. Vertical cusps Closely related to vertical tangents are vertical cusp singularity cusps . This occurs when the one sided derivative s are both ... will have a vertical cusp that slopes up on the left side and down on the right side. As with vertical tangents, vertical cusps can sometimes be detected for a continuous function by examining ... x infty text , math then the graph of &fnof will have a vertical cusp that slopes down on the left side and up on the right side. This corresponds to a vertical asymptote on the graph of the derivative ... math f x sqrt 3 x math has a vertical tangent at x 0, since it is continuous and math lim ... has a vertical cusp at x 0, since it is continuous, math lim x to 0 g x lim x to 0 frac ... References http www.sosmath.com calculus diff der09 der09.html Vertical Tangents and Cusps . Retrieved May 12, 2006. Category Mathematical analysis ca Tangent vertical he ... more details
In astronomy and astrology , the prime vertical is the vertical circle passing east and west through the zenith , and intersecting the horizon in its east and west points. References 1911 Category Celestial coordinate system Astronomy stub de Erster Vertikal ja ... more details
Image Vertical Blue.jpg thumb right 180px Dean s Blue Hole during Vertical Blue 2008 Vertical Blue is a freediving school that operates at Dean s Blue Hole , in The Bahamas , and is presided over by freediving world record holder William Trubridge . It is also the name of the annual AIDA International judged freediving competition run at the same location, which since April 2008 has presided over multiple world and national records for athletes coming from countries all over the world. External links http www.verticalblue.net Vertical Blue Homepage http www.deeperblue.net article.php 834 2 Deeper Blue Article about Vertical Blue 2008 Water sports stub Bahamas sport stub Category Sport in the Bahamas es Vertical Blue ru ... more details
Refimprove date May 2007 Refimprove date November 2006 A vertical jump or vertical leap is the act of raising one s center of gravity higher in the vertical plane solely with the use of one s own muscle ... from a standstill. Types of vertical jump The vertical jump is divided into two different types Standing Vertical Jump This refers to a vertical jump done from a standstill with no steps being involved at all. Running Vertical Jump This refers to a vertical jump after an approach or run to help add energy to the jump in an effort to improve on the standing vertical jump. In general, the standing vertical jump is the one that is used as an official measurement for athletes. Where vertical jump measurements are used Vertical jump measurements are used primarily in athletic circles both to measure ... one s vertical jump is measured are track and field , basketball , football , and volleyball , but many sports measure their players vertical jumping ability during physical examinations. In addition, single and multiple vertical jumps are occasionally used to assess muscular strength and anaerobic power in athletes. ref cite journal pmid 21186549 title Vertical jump as a tool in assessment of muscular ... and multiple vertical jump testing procedures. ref How to measure vertical jumps According to Jimmy Winslow of Vermont, the simplest method to measure an athlete s vertical jump is to get the athlete ... vertical jump and this can be monitored to track any increases in vertical jump. The method described above is the most common and simplest way to measure one s vertical jump, but other more scientifically ... can calculate his her vertical jump based on the time in the air. A second, more efficient and correct ... on United States Patent 5031903, A vertical jump testing device comprising a plurality of vertically .... This device is used each year at the NFL scouting combine. Vertical jump as an assessment A vertical ... vertical jumps over convert 50 in m abbr on which is extremely rare. Common misconceptions about ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In function mathematics function graph of a function graphing , a vertical translation is a Relation mathematics related graph which, for every Point geometry point x , y has a y value which differs from another graph, by exactly some Constant mathematics constant c . For example, the antiderivative s of a Indexed family family are vertical translations of each other. See also translation geometry DEFAULTSORT Vertical Translation Category Elementary geometry ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Vertical mobility refers to a person or group s movement up or down a social status status hierarchy. This is commonly referred to as social mobility , yet vertical mobility can also refer to any movement up or down a hierarchy of any kind, not necessarily related to social status in the same way that social mobility is. DEFAULTSORT Vertical Mobility Category Sociological terms de Vertikale Durchl ssigkeit uk ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2011 Infobox company company name Vertical Communications, Inc. company logo Image Verticallogo.png company type Public company Public traded as OTCPink VRCC foundation 1982 location city Santa Clara, California location country United States location key people Bill Tauscher, CEO, CFO, and Chairman Peter Bailey, President and COO Scott Pickett, CTO industry Telecommunications products Private branch exchange Software PBX business telephone systems IP PBX homepage http www.vertical.com www.vertical.com Vertical Communications, Inc. OTCPink VRCC is a corporation that specializes in premise based Business telephone system Private branch exchange private branch exchanges , i.e., business telephone systems. Vertical Communications changed its name on January 1, 2005 from Artisoft, Inc. after acquiring Vertical Networks in September 2004. In September 2005, Vertical Communications acquired Comdial . In October 2006, Vodavi Technology agreed to be acquired by Vertical Communications. Products Vertical offers an array of new telecommunications products, as well as products from legacy product lines including Wave IP 500 Wave IP 2500 SBX IP 320 Xcelerator IP TeleVantage InstantOffice DX 120 FX II MP5000 Vodavi Starplus STS Vodavi Tellenium IP Vodavi XTS IP Partner programs Vertical sells almost exclusively through a Value Added Reseller Value added reseller channel. Partners must meet certain minimum requirements to become a VAR, including purchasing a demo system and qualifying technical personnel by having them attend online training. References Reflist External links http www.vertical.com Vertical Communications, Inc. http www.truedataonline.com vertical communications remote technical support.html Remote Technical Support http www.truedataonline.com vertical communications.html Authorized Reseller Category Companies established in 1982 Category Telecommunications companies of the United States ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Vertical plane is used in radio to plot an antenna s relative field strength perpendicular to the ground which directly affects a station s coverage area on a polar coordinate system polar graph . Normally the maximum of 1.000 or 0 Decibel dB is at the side unless there is beam tilt , which is labeled 0 , to 90 at the top and &minus 90 at the bottom. Other field strengths are expressed as a decimal less than 1.000, a percentage less than 100 , or decibel s less than 0 dB. Most broadcast antennas use either line of sight propagation line of sight or Surface wave ground wave propagation a slight refraction towards the ground to reach their nearby listeners, and thus want a low angle in the vertical plane. Short wave transmitters want a somewhat higher elevation angle in the vertical plane to encourage skywave propagation, which would refract or reflect radio waves off the ionosphere and back to the ground at a great distance from the transmitter. Omni directional antennas typically try to limit the range of their vertical plane radiation pattern to concentrate energy over a smaller range and increase Antenna gain gain . See also the horizontal plane , perpendicular to the vertical plane Radio propagation DEFAULTSORT Vertical Plane Category Antennas radio ... more details
A vertical search engine, as distinct from a general web search engine , focuses on a specific segment of online content. The vertical content area may be based on topicality, media type, or genre of content. Common verticals include shopping, the automotive industry, legal information, medical information, and travel. In contrast to general Web search engines, which attempt to search engine indexing index large portions of the World Wide Web using a web crawler , vertical search engines typically use a focused crawler that attempts to index only Web pages that are relevant to a pre defined topic or set of topics. Some vertical search sites focus on individual verticals, while other sites include multiple vertical searches within one search engine. Vertical search offers several potential benefits over general search engines Greater precision due to limited scope Leverage domain knowledge including Taxonomy taxonomies and ontologies Support specific unique user tasks Domain specific search Domain specific verticals focus on a specific topic. John Battelle describes this in his book, The Search blockquote Domain specific search solutions focus on one area of knowledge, creating customized search experiences, that because of the domain s limited corpus and clear relationships between concepts, provide extremely relevant results for searchers. ref cite book last Battelle first John title The Search How Google and its Rivals Rewrote the Rules of Business and Transformed Our Culture publisher Portfolio location New York year 2005 ref blockquote References Reflist Category Searching Category Internet search Category Internet search engines de Vertikale Suchmaschine es Buscador vertical it Vertical search nl Verticale zoekmachine ro C utare pe vertical ru ta tr Dikey arama ... more details
The term vertical resistance was first used by J.E. Vanderplank ref name Vanderplank1963 Vanderplank, J.E. 1963 Plant Diseases Epidemics and Control. Academic Press, New York and London, 349pp. ref to describe single gene resistance. This contrasted the term Horizontal Resistance horizontal resistance which was used to describe many gene resistance. Raoul A Robinson Raoul A. Robinson ref name Robinson1976 Raoul A Robinson Robinson, Raoul A. 1976 Plant Pathosystems. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 184pp. ref further refined the definition of vertical resistance, emphasizing that in vertical resistance there are single genes for resistance in the host plant, and there are also single genes for parasitic ability in the parasite. This is a very important phenomenon known as the Gene For Gene Relationship gene for gene relationship , and it is the definitive character of vertical resistance. References reflist 2 Category Phytopathology Category Molecular biology genetics stub ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2007 Orphan date February 2009 Deleted image removed Image Mushi ST3boss.jpg thumb 200px The arcade game Mushihimesama uses vertical orientation for its monitor. Vertical orientation is a 3 4 aspect ratio , rotated 90 degrees from an NTSC television s standard 4 3 aspect ratio. It has been used primarily for arcade game s especially during the early 1980s and for art projects, including a music video by The Shamen . DEFAULTSORT Vertical Orientation Category Video game software Videogame software stub tv tech stub ... more details
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