Shifting baseline also known as sliding baseline is a term used to describe the way significant changes to a system are measured against previous reference point s baseline s , which themselves may represent significant changes from the original state of the system. The term was first used by the Fisheries science fisheries scientist Daniel Pauly in his paper Anecdotes and the shifting baseline syndrome of fisheries . ref Pauly 1995 ref Pauly developed the term in reference to fisheries management where fisheries scientists sometimes fail to identify the correct wiktionary baselinebaseline population size e.g. how abundant a fish species population was before human exploitation and thus work with a shifted baseline . He describes the way that radically depleted fisheries were evaluated by experts who used the state of the fishery at the start of their careers as the baseline, rather than the fishery in its untouched state. Areas that swarmed with a particular species hundreds of years ago, may have experienced long term decline, but it is the level of decades previously that is considered the appropriate reference point for current populations. In this way large declines in ecosystems or species over long periods of time were, and are, masked. There is a loss of perception of change ... a healthy ecosystem baseline looks like. Broadened definition In 2002, filmmaker and former marine ... movement conservation . A conceptual metaphor for a shifting baseline is the price of coffee . A cup ... journal 122200416 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 Evidence for shifting baseline syndrome in conservation ... 1& urlVersion 0& userid 10&md5 313bda126ec2c8cba56b51a0c83d6e6d Anecdotes and the shifting baseline ... Shifting baseline Conservation Science Institute http seaaroundus.org magazines ... clip of the effect of shifting baseline on the health of the Puget Sound. http news.mongabay.com 2009 ... baseline.html Daniel Pauly The ocean s shifting baseline TED , 2010. fishery science topics expanded ... more details
About the nautical concept of baselines other uses Baseline disambiguation One source date March 2009 A baseline is the line from which the seaward limits of a State s territorial sea and certain other Ocean maritime zones of jurisdiction are measured. Normally, a sea baseline follows the mean low water spring low water line of a coastal State. When the coastline is deeply indented, has fringing islands or is highly unstable, straight baselines may be used. Measurement of baseline File Baselines chile.png thumb right 250px Chilean Baseline The following methods are used to measure a baseline under United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982. Normal baseline Except where otherwise provided in this Convention, the normal baseline for measuring the breadth of the territorial sea is the low water line along the coast as marked on large scale charts officially recognized by the coastal State. ref group note Article 5 UNCLOS 1982 ref Reefs In the case of islands situated on atolls or of islands having fringing reefs, the baseline for measuring the breadth of the territorial sea is the seaward low water line of the reef, as shown by the appropriate symbol on charts officially recognized by the coastal State. ref group note Article 6 UNCLOS 1982 ref Straight baselines In localities where the coastline is deeply indented and cut into, or if there is a fringe of islands along the coast in its immediate vicinity, the method of straight baselines joining appropriate points may be employed in drawing the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured. Where because of the presence of a delta and other natural conditions the coastline is highly unstable, the appropriate points may be selected along the furthest seaward extent of the low water line and, notwithstanding ... to the region concerned, the reality and the importance of which are clearly evidenced by long usage ... United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea DEFAULTSORT Baseline Sea Category Hydrography Category ... more details
About the use of baseline in surveys other uses Baseline disambiguation No footnotes date June 2010 Image Meridians baselines.png thumb 300px right This BLM map depicts the principal meridians and baselines used in the surveyal of the United States. In the United States Public Land Survey System , a baseline is the principal east west line that divides survey township s between north and south. The baseline meets its corresponding meridian geography meridian at the point of origin, or initial point , for the land survey. For example, the baseline for Nebraska and Kansas is shared as the border for both states, at the 40th parallel north . Often, a baseline is marked by other features such as a road or boundary between counties. Baseline Road in the United States Many communities in the United States have roads that run along survey baselines, many of which are named to reflect that fact. Some examples In Little Rock , Arkansas , Baseline Road follows the baseline used by surveyors of the Louisiana Purchase . In Colorado , Baseline Road Colorado Baseline Road in Boulder, Colorado Boulder marks the 40th parallel north 40th parallel , or the western extension of the Kansas Nebraska boundary, which is also the boundary between Adams County, Colorado Adams and Weld County, Colorado Weld counties. In Arizona , the baseline near the Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix metro area is marked by Baseline Road Arizona Baseline Road . In Southern California, from Highland to San Dimas, the baseline is marked by Baseline Road California Baseline Road . In Michigan, the baseline for the Michigan Survey forms the boundary between the second and third tiers of counties and in many portions, discontinuous segments of road along the baseline are known as Baseline Road Michigan Baseline Road . 8 Mile Road in the Detroit area runs along the Michigan Baseline and was formerly known as Baseline Road. Baseline ... equivalent to the standard parallel in the US system. In Ontario, a baseline forms a straight ... more details
About the pharmacological concept other uses Baseline disambiguation Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In pharmacology and matters of biochemistry , baseline describes a person s state of mind or being with the absence of drugs. For example, after an LSD trip, baseline would be the point where the user is completely under control and no longer experiences any effects. DEFAULTSORT Baseline Pharmacology Category Pharmacodynamics Pharma stub ... more details
Baseline magazine is a magazine devoted to typography , book arts and graphic design . History Since Baseline 19 , which appeared in 1995, Baseline has been published by Bradbourne Publishing, co edited by Mike Daines and Hans Dieter Reichert and art directed by HDR Visual Communication. http www.hdr ... web url http www.typevents.com index.php?id 114,0,0,1,0,0 title baseline h i s t o r y accessdate 2010 ... that first appeared in 1979. Early editors included Mike Daines Baselines 1 3 , Tony Bisley Baseline 4 , Geoffrey Lawrence Baseline 5 and Erik Spiekermann Baselines 6, 7 . The first full color Baseline appeared as issue 8. Baseline 10 expanded the dimensions of the magazine from 8 x 11 to 10 x 14 . Baseline assumed its current size of 9 x 13 with Baseline 14 . The first four issues of Baseline ... baseline logo4.jpg Baseline logo since 2007 File baseline logo3.jpg Baseline logo 1994 2007 File baseline logo2.jpg Baseline logo 1988 1994 File baseline logo1.jpg Baseline logo 1979 1986 File Baseline magazine logo chronology.JPG Editor and Art Director of Baseline , Hans Dieter Reichert gives a talk ... resigned as Co Editor of Baseline . Following his departure he and his wife also resigned as Co Directors of Bradbourne Publishing Ltd. As from Baseline 51, 2007, Hans Dieter Reichert AGI, FISTD ... and other Baseline related art products. Further information Further information about the magazine and related Baseline products can be found on Baseline s website. http www.baselinemagazine.com Further information on Hans Dieter Reichert, Graphic Designer and Art Director of Baseline see HDR Visual Communication. http www.hdr online.com For a list of Baseline magazine issues along with content, see List of Baseline magazine issues . See also List of Baseline magazine issues Communication ... Baseline magazine website http www.hdr online.com Design team of Baseline see HDR Visual Communication Magazine Baseline magazine, issues 1 60, 1979 Present. Category Art magazines ... more details
Orphan date December 2010 The Baseline Nunataks Coord 70 46 S 67 1 E source GNIS display inline,title are a small group of nunatak s rising above the plateau ice convert 5 nmi km 0 south of Mount McKenzie , along the south side of the Aramis Range , Prince Charles Mountains . They were visited in January 1957 by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions southern party of 1956 57 led by W.G. Bewsher . This was the eastern end of a photo baseline, with Mount Hollingshead as the western end, hence the name. ref name gnis References Reflist refs ref name gnis cite gnis type antarid id 1051 name Baseline Nunataks accessdate 2011 05 20 ref usgs gazetteer id 1051 Category Nunataks of Mac. Robertson Land MacRobertsonLand geo stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2012 unref date February 2012 A baseline dunk is a term in basketball . It is a variation of the slam dunk in which the player comes from the side of the basketball hoop instead of from the front. Oftentimes, the play comes after a pass, creating an Assist basketball assist opportunity for a teammate. Category Basketball terminology basketball stub ... more details
Orphan date November 2010 Baseline Rock Coord 67 36 S 62 44 E source GNIS display inline,title is an isolated rock lying between Nost Island and the Flat Islands in Holme Bay , Mac. Robertson Land . It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition , 1936&ndash 37, and so named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia because the rock was used as one end of the baseline of a triangulation carried out by Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions in 1959. References usgs gazetteer id 1052 Category Rock formations in Mac. Robertson Land MacRobertsonLand geo stub ... more details
http olbin.jpl.nasa.gov Optical LongBaseline Interferometery News, from NASA Exoplanet Space observatories ... alt names Space Interferometry Mission PlanetQuest nssdc id orbit type Earth trailing heliocentric ... diameter 0.5 m × 2 baseline 6 m focal length instrument 1 name Science Interferometer instrument 1 characteristics 6 m baseline 0.5 m× 2 mirrors instrument 2 name Guide 1 Interferometer instrument 3 characteristics 4.2 m baseline 0.3 m× 2 mirrors instrument 3 name Guide Interferometer Guide 2 Telescope instrument 3 characteristics 4.2 m baseline, 0.3 m ... The Space Interferometry Mission , or SIM , also known as SIM Lite formerly known as SIM PlanetQuest ... have used optical interferometry to accomplish these and other scientific goals. This technique collects ... which can be very precisely measured. The initial contracts for SIM Lite were awarded in 1998, totaling ... 2010. ref Through the technique of interferometry the spacecraft would be able to detect Earth sized ... with one or more Jupiter mass planets before the system has reached long term equilibrium. ref ... tanner cite journal bibcode 2005AAS...206.1404C title Space Interferometry Mission SIM PlanetQuest ... the universe. ref name dark1 ref name dark2 Development Beginnings The Space Interferometry Mission ..., Jane. http www.jpl.nasa.gov releases 98 simcontractor.html Contractors chosen for Space Interferometry ... Update , Fringes Space Interferometry Mission Newsletter , Number 13, 24 August 2000. Retrieved ... for Space Interferometry Mission , Press Release , NASA, 28 November 2000, Jet Propulsion Laboratory ... Interferometry Mission craft could detect the tiny wobbles in stars caused by Earth sized ... stages of the SIM, ref High precision early mission narrow angle sciene with the Space Interferometry ... towards picometer accuracy laser metrology for the Space Interferometry Mission , PDF , NASA, PlanetQuest ... missions SIMPQ Space Interferometry Mission SIM , Missions, Michelson Science Center, California Institute ... more details
Very may refer to wiktionary veryVery Pet Shop Boys album Very Pet Shop Boys album Very Dreamscape album Very Dreamscape album Very , an album by Miki Furukawa Very lunar crater V ry , a commune in the Meuse department in France Very, a mail order store, part of the Shop Direct Group People with the surname Very Jones Very 1813 1880 , poet Frank Washington Very 1852 1927 , astronomer disambiguation de Very es Very it Very nl Very uk Very ... more details
have the same separation vector the same baseline see aperture synthesis . Each pair of holes ... nph bib query?bibcode 2000MNRAS.315..635Y&db key AST Young et al. 2000 Category Interferometry Category ... more details
Dual polarization interferometry DPI is an analytical technique that can probe molecular scale layers adsorbed to the surface of a Waveguide optics waveguide by using the evanescent wave of a laser beam confined to the waveguide. Typically used to measure the conformational change in proteins or other biomolecules as they function referred to as the conformation activity relationship . DPI ref cite journal last1 Cross first1 G last2 Reeves first2 AA last3 Brand first3 S last4 Popplewell first4 JF last5 Peel first5 LL last6 Swann first6 MJ last7 Freeman first7 NJ year 2003 title A new quantitative optical biosensor for protein characterisation journal Biosensors and Bioelectronics volume 19 issue 4 page 383 pmid 14615097 doi 10.1016 S0956 5663 03 00203 3 ref focuses laser light into two waveguides. One of these functions as the sensing waveguide having an exposed surface while the second one functions to maintain a reference beam. A two dimensional interference pattern is formed in the far field by combining the light passing through the two waveguides. The DPI technique rotates the polarization waves polarization of the laser to alternately excite two polarization modes of the waveguides. Measurement of the interferogram for both polarizations allows both the refractive index and the thickness of the adsorbed layer to be calculated. The polarization can be switched rapidly, allowing real time measurements of chemical reactions taking place on a chip surface in a flow through system ... Interferometry A Real Time Optical Technique for Measuring Bio Molecular Orientation, Structure ... application for Dual Polarization Interferometry emerged in 2008 where the intensity of light passing through the waveguide is extinguished in the presence of crystal growth. This has allowed the very ... interferometry journal Journal of Physics Condensed Matter volume 16 pages S2493 doi 10.1088 .... journal Biointerphases volume 3 issue 2 pages FA90 doi 10.1116 1.2912098 pmid 20408675 Category Interferometry ... more details
Self mixing interferometry is a measurement technique, in which a laser beam is reflection physics reflected from an object, back into the laser. The reflected light interference wave propagation interferes with the light generated inside the laser, and this causes changes in the optical and electrical properties of the laser. Information about the target object and the laser itself can be obtained by analysing these changes in behaviour. ref name JOA Giuliani 2002 The technique is also known as feedback interferometry or induced modulation interferometry . ref name JOA Giuliani 2002 Background File Interferometer.svg thumb A Michelson interferometer makes use of a separate light source and detector. The intensity of the light hitting the detector depends on the relative positions of the two mirrors. Laser interferometry techniques are widely used in a range of sensing applications, including the measurement of vibration, displacement and velocity of objects. ref name JOA Giuliani 2002 These methods involve the mixing or superposition principle superposition of coherence physics coherent light waves. Typically, the light from a laser is split into two. Each beam follows a different path before being recombined. A detector is then used to measure the intensity of the light. The Michelson interferometer and Mach Zehnder interferometer s are examples of such systems. References Reflist refs ref name JOA Giuliani 2002 cite journal author G. Giuliani, M. Norgia, S. Donati and T. Bosch year 2002 title Laser diode self mixing technique for sensing applications journal Journal of Optics A volume 4 pages S283 S294 bibcode 2002JOptA...4S.283G doi 10.1088 1464 4258 4 6 371 ref END OF REFLIST Category Interferometry Category Interferometers optics stub ... more details
File Bio layer interferometry without analyte binding.gif thumb Figure 1 File Bio layer interferometry with analyte binding.gif thumb Figure 2 File Bio layer interferometry wavelength shift due to analyte binding .gif thumb Figure 3 Bio Layer Interferometry is a label free technology for measuring biomolecular interactions within the interactome . ref Current Biosensor Technologies in Drug Discovery. Cooper, M. A. Drug Discovery World, 2006, 68 82 ref ref Higher throughput, label free, real time molecular interaction analysis. Rich, R. L. Myszka, D. G. Analytical Biochemistry, 2007, 361, 1 6 ref It is an optical analytical technique that analyzes the Interference wave propagation interference pattern of white light reflected from two surfaces a layer of immobilized protein on the biosensor tip, and an internal reference layer Figure 1 . Any change in the number of molecules bound to the biosensor tip causes a shift in the interference pattern that can be measured in real time Figures 1 and 2 . The binding between a ligand immobilized on the biosensor tip surface and an analyte in solution produces an increase in optical thickness at the biosensor tip, which results in a wavelength shift, Figure 3 , which is a direct measure of the change in thickness of the biological layer. Interactions are measured in real time, providing the ability to monitor binding specificity, rates of association and dissociation, or concentration, with precision and accuracy. Only molecules binding to or dissociating from the biosensor can shift the interference pattern and generate a response profile. Unbound molecules, changes in the refractive index of the surrounding medium, or changes in flow rate do not affect the interference pattern. This is a unique characteristic of bio layer interferometry and extends its capability to perform in crude samples used in applications for protein protein .... Analytical Biochemistry, 2008, 377 2 , 209 217 ref Bio layer interferometry was pioneered by the founders ... more details
additional information from the system. Holographic interferometry provides the same information ... in the diagram is observed where the fringes are clearly visible. Holographic interferometry can be used ... the fringes. Holographic interferometry has no equivalent to in plane measuring ESPI. See also interferometry holographic interferometry speckle pattern References References External links http ... optonor optical testing and metrology Category Interferometry de Elektronische Specklemuster Interferometrie ... more details
Frequency scanning interferometry FSI is an absolute distance measurement technique, for measuring the distance between a pair of points, along a line of sight. The power of the FSI technique lies in its ability to make many such distance measurements, simultaneously. For each distance to be measured, a measurement interferometer is built using optical components placed at each end of a line of sight. The optical path of each measurement interferometer is compared to the optical path in a reference interferometer, by scanning the frequency of a laser connected to all interferometers in the system and counting fringe cycles produced in the return signals from each interferometer. The length of each measurement interferometer is given in units of reference length by the ratio of measurement interferometer to reference interferometer fringes. To give an example A frequency scan might produce 100 fringe cycles in the measurement interferometer and 50 in the reference interferometer. The measured interferometer is therefore twice the length of reference interferometer, to first order ignoring systematic errors see below . Reference interferometer precautions A typical reference interferometer is held at a stable length in a controlled environment, to reduce the dominant systematic errors which arise from changes in optical path which occur during the laser frequency scan. Uses The great strength of the FSI technique is the ability to simultaneously compare any number of measurement interferometers to the same reference length. This has great benefit in a shape measurement system. An FSI system is being used to monitor shape changes of the semiconductor tracker SCT on the ATLAS experiment ATLAS detector at CERN . Precision The measurement sensitivity depends on how rapidly the laser is tuned and how well systematic errors are controlled. Currently precisions of a few nm over a 6m path are possible in evacuated interferometers. In a system built for the ATLAS experiment a target ... more details
Notability date October 2008 The IT Baseline Protection Catalogs , or IT Grundschutz Kataloge , IT Baseline ... and catalogs. It serves as the basis for the IT baseline protection certification of an business enterprise . Basic protection IT baseline protection protection encompasses standard security ... systems are investigated individually. This approach is very time intensive and very expensive ... needs are greater, such protection can be used as a basis for further action. The IT Baseline Protection Catalogs layout Image Aufbau BSI Grundschutzkataloge.jpg thumb The IT Baseline Protection ..., the approach to IT baseline protection, a series of concept and role definitions, and a glossary ... for Security in Information Technology s BSI Internet platform. Here you can also find the Baseline Protection Guide, containing support functions for implementing IT baseline protection in procedural ... to establish baseline protection. The necessary measures are presented in a text with short illustrations ... for baseline protection certification. Category Z measures any additional measures that have proven ... components. In this way, a network of individual components arises in the baseline protection catalogs ... to establish baseline protection. Baseline protection does, however, demand an understanding ... catalogs The measures catalogs summarize the actions necessary to achieve baseline protection ... reference. Supplementary material Besides the information summarized in the IT Baseline Protection ... IT system, it is not superfluous. Baseline protection can only be ensured if all measures are realized. References refs Further reading refbegin IT Baseline Protection Handbook. Germany. Federal Office for Security in Information Technology. Bundesanzeiger , Cologne 2003 2005. Baseline Protection ... links http www.bsi.de The BSI s web site http www.bsi.de gshb index.htm IT Baseline Securitys homepage http www.bsi.de gshb downloads index.htm Download page with IT Baseline Protection Catalogs ... more details
Infobox Protected area name Meridian Baseline State Park iucn category map USA Michigan map caption Location within the state of Michigan map width 250 location Ingham County, Michigan and Jackson County, Michigan br File Flag of the United States.svg border 20px link Flag of the United States United States nearest city Leslie, Michigan lat d 42.42393 long d 84.36368 area convert 88 acre ha established governing body Michigan Department of Natural Resources Meridian Baseline State Park is a state park in the U.S. state of Michigan . This convert 88 acre ha sing on landlocked area contains the intersection of the principal meridian and the baseline surveying baseline used for the Michigan Survey . The park is marked with two monuments that show where the two mismatched baselines meet the principal meridian at the North Initial Point and South Initial Point. The park is not accessible to the public, ref name DNR cite url http www.dnr.state.mi.us parksandtrails Details.aspx?id 471&type SPRK accessdate 2012 01 13 title Meridian Baseline State Park publisher Michigan Department of Natural Resources quote This unique, landlocked park designates the spot where all township, range and section measurements begins for the entire state of Michigan. It is not accessible to the public, but is being preserved for its historic value. ref and can only be reached by a 20 minute drive across private property. ref name Wyatt cite url http www.mlive.com living jackson index.ssf 2010 12 meridian baseline site is inde.html title Meridian Baseline site is indeed special date 2010 12 31 accessdate 2012 01 13 work Jackson Citizen Patriot last Wyatt first Ken ref It is also notoriously flooded most of the year. fact date January 2012 It is currently being preserved for its historic value ref name DNR . In the 1960s and 1970s, land was acquired and money was raised toward establishing a Museum of Surveying ... Baseline meridian plaque at the South Initial Point Michigan state parks Category Protected areas ... more details
Following is a list of Baseline magazine Baseline magazine issues compiled from the Baseline website ... in the table. Small format Baselines published by TSI and Esselte Letraset Baseline 6, edited by Erik ... Universal Faces , Robin Kinross Arabic Script Development , Mourad Boutros Baseline 7, edited by Erik ... Kinross Baseline 8, edited by Mike Daines, Esselte Letraset, 1986 Art Nouveau Lettering , Jacky Wedgwood ... Dwiggins W. A. Dwiggins , Mike Daines Baseline 9, edited by Mike Daines, Esselte Letraset, 1987 Adtype , Maggie Lewis The Calligraphy Revival , Sophie Matthews Type on TV , Mike Daines, Chris Long Hermann Zapf , Mike Daines Large format Baselines published by Esselte Letraset Baseline 10, edited ..., Peggy Lang Desert Island Type , Paul Smith Baseline 11 Bradbury Thompson Issue , edited by Mike Daines ... Spencer graphic designer Herbert Spencer Baseline 12 St Bride Library St. Bride s Issue , edited ... , Mafalda Spencer Desert Island Type , Ralph Steadman Baseline 13 Bodoni Issue , edited by John ... Type , Sir Terence Conran Baseline 14 Sans Serif Issue , edited by Mike Daines, Esselte Letraset ... James Desert Island Type , John McConnell Baseline 15 Psychedelic Issue , edited by Mike Daines ... Desert Island Type , Michael Harvey Baseline 16 Japanese Issue , edited by Mike Daines, Esselte ... , Darrell Ireland Idiosyncracy Tamed , Giles Calver Drenttel Doyle Partners , Peter Hall Baseline ... Titles , Peter Hall Baseline 18, edited by Mike Daines, Esselte Letraset, 1994 Printed in Majorca , John ... Openings , John Furnival Large format Baselines published by Bradbourne Baseline 19, edited by Mike ... Baseline 20, edited by Mike Daines & Hans Dieter Reichert, Bradbourne Publishing, 1995 Stefan Sagmeister ... , Baseline interview The Making of Pussy Galore , Teal Triggs The Lost Labels of E. McKnight Kauffer , Mike Daines The Last of the Elite , Dave Farey Baseline 21, edited by Mike Daines & Hans Dieter ... Would Have Been Amused , Ian McLaren Baseline 22, edited by Mike Daines & Hans Dieter Reichert, Bradbourne ... more details
About the OC Transpo transitway station other uses Baseline disambiguation Infobox station name Baseline style OC Transpo type font color FFFFFF Ottawa Rapid Transit Transitway font Station image Baseline Station Initial.jpg image size image caption address coordinates Coord 45 20 51 N 75 45 39 W display inline,title line line information is detailed under services other structure platform depth levels tracks parking bicycle baggage check opened 1 October 2009 closed rebuilt electrified ADA code owned OC Transpo zone former passengers pass year pass percent pass system mpassengers services s rail ... OC Transpo line Route 95 previous Fallowfield next Iris map locator Baseline Transitway Station ... Avenue Ottawa Woodroffe Avenue and Baseline Road Ottawa Baseline Road . Many Algonquin students and Centrepointe ... . Baseline Station was the first station to be constructed in 1983 when the Transitway was undergoing initial construction. Expansion File Ottawa baseline station 2009 04 11.jpg thumb right 300px The Original Baseline Station, prior to moving Baseline station is currently undergoing a series of renovations ... IA May 2009 August 2011 Baseline Station Relocation to the west of the proposed ACCE Building of Algonquin ... 300px Proposed construction for Baseline Station, including a new transit tunnel for future light rail. File Baselinestation construction3.jpg thumb 300px The construction underway at Baseline Station ..., including the ramps at the new Transitway Station and The SW Transitway BRT from Navaho north to Baseline ... III 2016 and Onwards Includes the long term installation of all LRT systems required when LRT is extended south to Baseline Station. Currently, the original station has been demolished as the new station .... Service See also OC Transpo Routes File Baseline terminal 1.jpg thumb left Original Baseline Station ... 44 118 Billings Bridge Station OC Transpo Billings Bridge 25 The following routes serve Baseline Station ... Rapid Transit DEFAULTSORT Baseline Station Oc Transpo Category OC Transpo Category Algonquin College ... more details
Short BaseLine http www.ixsea.com en subsea positioning 2 posidonia.html IXSEA POSIDONIA Ultra deep & long range Ultra Short Baseline http www.nautronix.com files Spec 20Sheets 2010 NH MS 019 20 ...USBL Ultra short baseline , also sometimes known as SSBL for Super Short Base Line is a Underwater Acoustic Positioning System method of underwater acoustic positioning . A complete USBL system consists of a transceiver , which is mounted on a pole under a ship, and a Transponder transponder responder on the seafloor, a towfish , or on a Remotely operated underwater vehicle ROV . A computer, or topside unit , is used to calculate a position from the ranges and bearings measured by the transceiver. An Acoustics acoustic pulse is transmitted by the transceiver and detected by the subsea transponder, which replies with its own acoustic pulse. This return pulse is detected by the shipboard transceiver. The time from the transmission of the initial acoustic pulse until the reply is detected is measured by the USBL system and is converted into a range. To calculate a subsea position, the USBL calculates both a range and an angle from the transceiver to the subsea beacon. Angles are measured by the transceiver, which contains an array of transducers . The transceiver head normally contains three or more transducers separated by a baseline of 10 cm or less. A method called phase differencing within this transducer array is used to calculate the angle to the subsea transponder. USBLs have also begun to find use in inverted iUSBL configurations, with the transceiver mounted on an autonomous underwater vehicle , and the transponder on the target. In this case, the topside processing happens inside the vehicle to allow it to locate the transponder for applications such as automatic ... id13 UltraShort Baseline Systems.html Product Survey USBL Systems Hydro International, May ... de Ultra Short Baseline nl Ultra short baseline ... more details
About configuration management other uses Baseline disambiguation confusing date August 2010 expert date ... purpose of baseline identification. ref CMMI Product Team, Chpt 7, Maturity Level 2 Managed, Configuration ... by association to a certain baseline . Nevertheless, this approval status is usually recognized publicly. Thus, a baseline may also mark an approved configuration item, e.g. a project plan that has been signed off for execution. In a similar manner, associating multiple configuration items with such a baseline indicates those items as being approved. Generally, a baseline may be a single work product, or set of work products that can be used as a logical basis for comparison. A baseline may also ... revision of all configuration items. Similarly, but less frequently, a baseline may refer to all ... revision of all items in the project, depending upon context, e.g. the baseline of the project is proceeding as planned. A baseline may be specialized as a specific type of baseline. ref name swebok IEEE Computer Society, Chpt 7, 2.1.5. Baseline, in Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge ... 7 ref Some examples include Functional Baseline initial specifications established contract, etc. Allocated Baseline state of work products once requirements are approved Developmental Baseline state of work products amid development Product Baseline contains the releasable contents of the project ... status covers the majority of uses for a baseline, baselines may also be established merely to signify the progress of work through the passage of time. In this case, a baseline is a visible stake through an endured collective effort, e.g. a developmental baseline. Baselines may also mark milestone ... significance in their history of changes that this significance was observed. The baseline is then regarded with poignant qualities either favorably or disfavorably . For this reason, baseline ..., the ease of retrieving any given baseline varies according to the system employed for performing ... more details
File Baseline Road.jpg thumb Baseline Road looking west from Prince of Wales Drive Baseline Road List of numbered routes in Ottawa Ottawa Road 16 is a road in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada . Baseline runs from Richmond Road Ontario Richmond Road almost directly over Highway 416 Ontario Highway 416 east in a straight line until it ends at the Heron Road Bridge over the Rideau River and Rideau Canal when it becomes Heron Road Ottawa Heron Road . Before the 2001 City of Ottawa amalgamation, Baseline formed the border of the city of Ottawa and Nepean, Ontario Nepean . The street is named for its location as the baseline surveying baseline for Nepean Township, Ontario Nepean Township . When Nepean Township was surveyed, Baseline formed the northern boundary of Nepean s six north south concession road concession s. Currently, Baseline is a major east west street, and in the late 90 s it became so busy that Hunt Club Road Ottawa Hunt Club Road had to be extended west of the Rideau River to alleviate pressure. Points of interest on Baseline include the Queensway Carleton Hospital , the Scouts Canada Boy Scouts Museum , Algonquin College and the Central Experimental Farm . Baseline Road is a four lane principal arterial road for its entire length, the speed limit is convert 60 km h abbr on for most of its length except a short section west of Greenbank Road Ottawa Greenbank Road , where it is convert 70 km h abbr on . Ramsayville Road in southeast Ottawa used to be called Base Line Road before 2003. The name had to be changed when the former city of Gloucester amalgamated with the city of Ottawa, to avoid confusion. In the future, Baseline Road will have bus lanes between Navaho Drive ... of that it becomes Heron Road External links http maps.google.ca maps?f d&hl en&geocode &saddr Baseline at Heron&daddr Baseline at Richmond&sll 45.354, 75.760285&sspn 0.081184,0.150375&dirflg h&ie UTF8&ll 45.354075, 75.760345&spn 0.081184,0.150375&z 13 Google Maps Baseline Rd Ottawa Roads Category ... more details
Wikify date June 2010 A multiple baseline design is a style of research involving the careful measurement of multiple persons, traits or settings both before and after a treatment. This design is used in medical, psychological and biological research to name a few areas. It has several advantages over Single subject research AB research designs AB designs which only measures a single case. By gathering data from many subjects instances , inferences can be made about the likeliness that the measured trait Generalization generalizes to a greater population. In multiple baseline designs, the experimenter ... measuring that trait again. Treatment should not begin until a stable baseline has been recorded ... control and threats to internal validity of concurrent and nonconcurrent multiple baseline designs ... Although multiple baseline designs may employ any method of recruitment, it is often associated ... baseline studies are often categorized as either concurrent or nonconcurrent. ref name Christ ref name Carr ref name Harvey, M. 2004 Harvey, M., May, M., & Kennedy, C. 2004 . Nonconcurrent Multiple Baseline ... to multiple baseline studies, where all participants undergo treatment simultaneously. This strategy .... 1985 . Comparisons of multiple baseline across persons designs and AB designs with replication Issues ... baseline designs are also useful for saving time, since all participants are processed at once ... while planning research. Nonconcurrent designs Nonconcurrent multiple baseline studies apply treatment ... of participants and testing location. For this reason, perhaps, nonconcurrent multiple baseline ... Carr Recommendations for Reporting Multiple Baseline Designs across Participants. Behavioral Interventions ..., E. 1981 . The non concurrent multiple baseline across individuals design An extension of the traditional multiple baseline design. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 12 3 , 257 ... is more stable. Disadvantages Although multiple baseline experimental designs compensate for many ... more details
Infobox street marker image name Baseline Road alternate name 101 Avenue NW, Township Road 530 maint the Transportation in Edmonton City of Edmonton & Strathcona County, Alberta Strathcona County length km 14 length round length ref length notes direction a West terminus a Forest Heights Park junction Alberta Highway 216 Anthony Henday Drive , Broadmoor Boulevard , Clover Bar Road , Alberta Highway 21 Highway 21 direction b East terminus b Alberta Highway 21 counties Strathcona County, Alberta Strathcona County location Sherwood Park , Edmonton Baseline Road 101 Avenue NW is a major arterial road in east Edmonton and north Sherwood Park , Alberta , Canada . It was given this name by Strathcona County because Township Road 530 was used as a Dominion Land Survey baseline for surveying . Edmonton does not follow Strathcona County s naming convention and refers to it as 101 Avenue NW. The boundary between the City of Edmonton and Strathcona County, Alberta Strathcona County runs on the north ... Row Edmonton Refinery Row . Neighbourhoods List of neighbourhoods Baseline Road 101 Avenue ... lights small coord 53 32 28 N 113 23 38 W name Baseline x 34 format dec small 17 Street, Edmonton 17 Street NW Quadrant roadway intersection small coord 53 32 26 N 113 22 6 W name Baseline x 17 format ... 27 N 113 20 33 W name Baseline x Henday format dec small Broadmoor Boulevard At grade traffic lights small coord 53 32 28 N 113 19 12 W name Baseline x Broadmoor format dec small Bethal Drive At grade traffic lights small coord 53 32 28 N 113 18 10 W name Baseline x Bethal format dec small Sherwood Drive At grade traffic lights small coord 53 32 28 N 113 17 44 W name Baseline x Sherwood format dec ... name Baseline x Brower format dec small Clover Bar Road At grade traffic lights small coord 53 32 28 N 113 15 48 W name Baseline x Clover format dec small Alberta Highway 21 At grade traffic lights small coord 53 32 29 N 113 14 47 W name Baseline x 21 format dec small kml br clear right References reflist ... more details
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