Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date October 2008 The WelshResourceAllocationFormula is a health resourceallocation weighted capitation formula used to allocate resources to areas of health need in Wales . Category Epidemiology Category Health in Wales Health stub Wales stub ... more details
Resourceallocation is used to assign the available resource s in an economic way. It is part of resource management . In project management , resourceallocation is the scheduling of activities and the resources required by those activities while taking into consideration both the resource availability and the project time. ref http www.pmhut.com pmo and project management dictionary PMO and Project Management Dictionary ref Strategic planning unreferenced section date August 2010 In strategic planning , resourceallocation is a plan for using available Natural resource resources , for example human resources , especially in the near term, to achieve goals for the future. It is the process of allocating resources among the various project s or business units. The plan has two parts Firstly, there is the basic allocation decision and secondly there are contingency mechanisms. The basic allocation ... and capabilities of electronic computers. Algorithms Resourceallocation may be decided by using ... Channel Allocation Using An Auction Algorithm ref One class of resourceallocation algorithms is the auction class, whereby applicants bid for the best resource s according to their balance of money , as in a online auction business model see also auction theory . In one paper on CPU time slice allocation ref http www.citeulike.org user zflavio article 1043948 Tycoon A Distributed Market based ResourceAllocation System ref an auction algorithm is compared to proportional share scheduling . References Reflist See also Project planning Project management Earned value management DEFAULTSORT ResourceAllocation Category Resources Category Strategic management Category Project management bg de Ressourcenallokation es Asignaci n de recursos fr Allocation des ressources nl ... must be reduced. Resource Leveling Main Resource leveling The main objective is to smooth resources .... For example, channel allocation in wireless communication may be decided by a base transceiver ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The ResourceAllocation Working Party is healthcare group set up within United Kingdom Britain during the 1970s to suggest a mechanism whereby resources for secondary care could be matched to need Gatrell, 2002 . References Gatrell, A.C. 2002 Geographies of Health an Introduction, Oxford Blackwell. Category Medical and health organisations based in the United Kingdom ... more details
Globus resourceallocation manager or GRAM is a software component of the Globus Toolkit that can locate, submit, monitor, and cancel jobs on Grid computing resources. It provides reliable operation, stateful monitoring, credential management, and file staging. ref name gramfacts cite web url http globus.org toolkit docs 4.0 execution wsgram WSGRAMFacts.html title GT 4.0 Component Fact Sheet Web Service Grid ResourceAllocation and Management WS GRAM publisher Globus Alliance accessdate 2007 08 16 ref GRAM does not provide job scheduler functionality and is in fact just a front end or interoperability bridge to the functionality provided by an external scheduler that does not natively support the Globus web service protocols. ref name czajkowski cite web url http www.globusconsortium.org journal 20060109 czajkowski.html work Globus Toolkit Developer s Forum title Globus GRAM first Karl last Czajkowski publisher Globus Alliance date January 9, 2006 ref The jobs submitted to GRAM are targeted at a single computation resource, and consist of an optional input file staging phase, job execution, and an optional output file staging and cleanup stage. In GRAM4, jobs are described internally using the job description language . In the earlier GRAM system now known as GRAM2 , its predecessor, the resource specification language RSL , was used instead. As of 2007 , planning efforts are underway to enable future versions of GRAM to use the job submission description language instead. ref cite web url http www unix.mcs.anl.gov smartin GRAM4 JSDL Overview.doc format Microsoft Word first Joseph last Bester publisher Globus Development Team coauthors Stuart Martin title A JSDL based Architecture for Resource Management ref ref cite web url http bugzilla.globus.org bugzilla show bug.cgi?id 4044 title Support state of the art specifications related to job submission and management first Stuart last Martin publisher Globus Development Team work Globus Bugzilla accessdate 2007 08 17 ref ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date June 2007 In computing , resourceallocation is necessary for any application software application to be run on the system. When the user opens any computer program program this will be counted as a process computing process , and therefore requires the computer to allocate certain resource computer science resources for it to be able to run. Such resources could be access to a section of the computer s memory computers memory , data in a device interface buffer, one or more computer file files , or the required amount of central processing unit processing power. A computer with a single processor can only perform one process at a time, regardless of the amount of programs loaded by the user or initiated on start up . Computers using single processors appear to be running multiple programs at once because the processor quickly alternates between programs, processing what is needed in very small amounts of time. This process is known as computer multitasking multitasking or time slicing . The time allocation is automatic, however higher or lower priority may be given to certain processes, essentially giving high priority programs more bigger slices of the processor s time. On a computer with multiprocessing multiple processors different processes can be allocated to different processors so that the computer can truly multitask. Some programs, such as Adobe Photoshop and YafRay , which can require intense processing power, have been coded so that they are able to run on more than one processor at once, thus running more quickly and efficiently. Category Memory management Category Concurrent computing ... more details
Wiktionary Allocation may refer to In computers Delayed allocation Block allocation map File allocation table IP address allocation Memory allocation Allocator C C allocators Cache computing No write allocation cache Register allocation In economics Economic system Asset allocationAllocation of resources Market allocation scheme Tax allocation district In Telecommunication Call sign allocation plan Frequency allocation Type allocation code Other Resourceallocation in strategic planning The allocation of scarce resources in operations research Allocation voting in voting Location allocation , used in geographic information systems GIS See also Location Disambig da Allokering de Allokation fr Allocation ko nl Allocatie fi Allokaatio ... more details
factors require resourceallocation through resource management . Resources have three main characteristics 1 utility , 2 scarcity limited availability , and 3 potential for Resource depletion depletion ...Other uses resource disambiguation wiktionary resource A resource is a source or supply from which an organization ... resource is anything obtained from the Natural environment environment to satisfy human needs ... a broader biological or ecological perspective a resource satisfies the needs of a living organism see Resource biology biological resource . ref Ricklefs, R.E. 2005. The Economy of Nature, 6th ed. WH ... abiotic , Renewable resource renewable versus Non renewable resource non renewable , and potential ... Factors of production In economics a resource is defined as a commodity, service, or other asset used to produce goods and services that meet human needs and wants see Resource economics economic resource ... on resource supply and demand as it influences Productivity production of goods and services to meet ... leaders , and Visionary visionaries . Main Resource biology In biology and ecology a resource ... , Maintenance of an organism maintenance , and reproduction see Resource biology biological resource ... fundamental differences between economic versus ecological views 1 the economic resource definition is human centered Anthropocentrism anthropocentric and the ecological resource definition ... Main Resource computer science A Resource computer science computer resource is any physical or virtual .... ref Land or natural resources Main Natural resource Natural resources are derived from the Natural ... drilled out and put into use, it remains a potential resource. Actual resources are those that have ... of an actual resource, such as wood processing depends upon the technology available and the cost involved. That part of the actual resource that can be developed profitably with available technology is called a reserve resource , while that part that can not be developed profitably because ... more details
is regulated by governments in most countries, in a Spectrum management process known as frequency allocation or spectrum allocation . Radio propagation does not stop at national boundaries. Giving technical and economic reasons, governments have sought to harmonise the allocation of RF bands and their standardization. A number of forums and standards bodies work on standards for frequency allocation ... CISPR These standards bodies have assigned frequency bands in three types of allocation No one may ... band, and the somewhat more regulated amateur radio frequency allocation s. Often users use a listen ..., users rely on allocation of frequencies for efficient use of such devices as cell phone cordless ... of countries into the three formal ITU RF allocation regions is one source of different RF allocation ... Communications, Societal Concerns and Risk The Case of Radio Frequency RF Allocation and Licensing ... license Cellular frequencies Radio Resource Management RRM Spectrum management Ultra wideband Frequency ... UK Frequency Allocation Table 2010 from Ofcom , pdf format http www.ntia.doc.gov page 2011 united states frequency allocation chart US Frequency Allocation Chart Covering the range 3 kHz to 300 ... On line query of U.S. allocation table, with additional information. http www.cft.gob.mx wb Cofetel ... Allocation Plan 2005 http www.tele.soumu.go.jp e search share plan.htm Japan Frequency Assignment ... The Invisible Resource.htm The Invisible Resource Use and Regulation of the Radio ..., 2010 Telecommunications DEFAULTSORT Frequency Allocation Category Broadcast engineering Category Radio resource management Category Radio spectrum de Frequenzband ... more details
In Major League Soccer , an allocation represents an amount of money teams can use to sign players and or allocate to their salaries to get under the salary cap . Allocations are given to teams that have missed the playoffs the previous seasons, given to expansion teams, or awarded as compensation for players lost. This can be when a player is sold to a foreign club Brian McBride , left on a free transfer Clint Mathis , or retired Cobi Jones . Allocations can be split and or traded. Whether the allocation is given, and its size is determined by MLS the details are not disclosed to the general public. Citing this, some in the MLS community have accused the league of favoring major market teams, particularly the Los Angeles Galaxy , in the use of allocations. Allocation money is not to be confused with the MLS Allocation Order, which is a ranking used to determine which MLS club has first priority to acquire a U.S. National Team player who signs with MLS after playing abroad, or a former MLS player who returns to the league after having gone to a club abroad for a transfer fee. Along with Allocation Money, Allocation Order rankings can be traded, provided that part of the compensation received in return is another club s Allocation ranking. Twice in league history, an allocation received for a lost player was used on same player upon his return to the league by the Chicago Fire S.C. Chicago Fire on Ante Razov and by the New England Revolution on Daniel Hern ndez soccer Daniel Hernandez . See also 1996 MLS Inaugural Allocations Designated Player Rule Major League Soccer Category Major League Soccer ... more details
Orphan date November 2007 An allocation site is the function programming method , in Object oriented programming , in which a particular object programming object is created. For example if a method creates a new object Test it is considered an allocation site for that object. ref name one http escher.elis.ugent.be publ Edocs DOC P105 234.pdf ref References references Category Object oriented programming soft eng stub ... more details
ref Latent Dirichlet allocation , a generalization of PLSI developed by David Blei , Andrew Ng ... Michael I authorlink3 Michael I. Jordan title Latent Dirichlet allocation journal Journal of Machine ... project MALLET , an open source Java library that implements Pachinko allocation. References ... Allocation , a video recording of David Mimno presenting HPAM in 2007. DEFAULTSORT Pachinko Allocation Category Statistical natural language processing Category Latent variable models comp sci ... more details
Use mdy dates date March 2012 Refimprove date December 2009 Bandwidth allocation refers to how Radio frequency radio frequencies are assigned to different applications. The radio spectrum is a finite resource creating the need for an effective allocation process. In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission or Federal Communications Commission FCC has the responsibility allocating the portions of the spectrum, or bands, to various industries. For example, the FCC shifted the location of television on the spectrum, to open up more space for mobile applications. ref http www.businessweek.com magazine content 07 53 b4065000572464.htm?chan ma Just Ahead A Wider Wireless World , Wildstrom, S. ,BusinessWeek,December 19, 2007,Retrieved February 9, 2011 ref Different bands of spectrum are able to transmit more data than others, and some bands of the spectrum transmit clearer than others. ref Mobile and Wireless Communications, Gow G.& Smith R. ,Open University Press, 2006 ref These bands are of critical importance for companies that intend to operate a business involving wireless communications. FCC methods Auctions One method used to assign bands to users is auctions, since FCC found this method to be the most profitable as they earned millions of dollars through auctions. Some economists believe based on Auction Theory auction theory , auctions are the most efficient method ... firms using rent seeking behavior on a public resource, but the negotiations between firms could go ... spectrum is a limited natural resource which is increasingly in demand from a large and growing ... allocation can also be used in reference to the computing industry, in scenarios such as allocating .... Control of bandwidth allocation abroad The Federal Communications Commission FCC is an independent ... controlled allocation of communications became the unprecedented issue of discussion during the Egyptian ... Bandwidth Allocation Category Electronics terms ... more details
Asset allocation is an investment strategy that attempts to balance risk versus reward by adjusting the percentage ... terms a assetallocation.asp ixzz1QTuSzfhn Investopedia, Asset Allocation Definition, Retrieved June ... asset allocation Many financial experts say that asset allocation is an important factor in determining returns for an investment portfolio. ref name investopedia.com Asset allocation is based on the principle ... justification for asset allocation is the notion that different Asset allocation Examples ... allocation and the problems of active management see Asset allocation Academic studies academic ... mean variance optimization approach to asset allocation of modern portfolio theory , the strategy ... relationships will continue in the future, this is one of the weak links in traditional asset allocation ... sense understanding of a tenable portfolio allocation strategy. Asset classes and strategies There are many types of assets that may or may not be included in an asset allocation strategy cash ... There are several types of asset allocation strategies based on investment goals, risk tolerance, time frames and diversification strategic, tactical, and core satellite. Strategic Asset Allocation the primary goal of a strategic asset allocation is to create an asset mix that will provide ... Idzorek, Thomas M., Strategic Asset Allocation and Commodities , Ibbotson Associates, March 27, 2006 ref Tactical asset allocation Tactical Asset Allocation method in which an investor takes a more ... Cross Asset Allocation Applying Value and Momentum Across Asset Classes , Journal of Portfolio ... Approach to Tactical Asset Allocation , Journal of Wealth Management , Spring 2007, February 2009 update available at http ssrn.com abstract 962461 ref Core Satellite Asset Allocation ... , McGraw Hill 2004 ref Systematic Asset Allocation is another approach which depends on three assumptions ... BHB published a study about asset allocation of 91 large pension fund s measured from 1974 to 1983 ... more details
Wikify date September 2011 Do not use the dated prod template directly the above line is generated by subst prod reason Time allocation is the allocation of time to different tasks and activities. The measurement of such allocations may be used analytically in studies of human behaviour . Scheduling and time management may be used to plan and control the amount of time allocated to various activities, so as to improve productivity and satisfy multiple goals and targets. ref citation jstor 1816808 title Who maximizes what? A study in student time allocation author RM Schmidt journal The American Economic Review, year 1983 ref References reflist citation author John Davidson url http www.tmtds.com time management that doesnt suck sample chapter.pdf title Time Management that Doesn t Suck date August 1, 2010 ref Category Time management microeconomics stub sociology stub ... more details
units that consume each offering. The core components of a cost allocation system consist of a way ... structure within a company, the cost allocation data may generate an internal invoice ... source of quantitative information to make better business decisions. .. List of Cost Allocation software solutions Cube Billing , Software as a Service Cost Allocation and Chargeback Software http ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 An AG or allocation group is a subvolume in a file system which maintains its own track of free blocks and file data and its own journal, in the case of XFS . This makes simultaneous file operations possible only one write can happen to an AG at any time, but multiple operations can be performed on the file system, each happening in a different AG. In symmetric multiprocessing SMP systems multiple central processing unit CPU s can write to different AGs, enabling physically concurrent disk operations on a single file system. Hard disk s can only do one thing at a time. However, file systems can span hard disks in various ways RAID stripe, volume management, etc. . Used by these file systems XFS from Silicon Graphics SGI , an XFS AG can have a max size of 1TiB DEFAULTSORT Allocation Group Category Disk file systems Category Article Feedback 5 Compu storage stub ... more details
An allocation questionnaire is a form used in English legal practice. After a claim is made, if a defence is filed each party is required to complete and return an allocation questionnaire to the court so that the judge may properly allocate the claim to a track and give further directions towards a final hearing. Forms on the Internet Sample allocation questionnaires are available on the Internet . The official UK Courts web site has many forms available, including the allocation questionnaire. ref http www.hmcourts service.gov.uk infoabout claims index.htm UK Courts forms ref The actual form is available, as of March 2007, as a pdf file. ref name Form http www.hmcourts service.gov.uk courtfinder forms n150 1001.pdf PDF file of the allocation questionnaire ref The Citizens Advice Bureau provides a generic legal advice web site with information about the words and phrases used in small claims procedure in UK Courts. ref http www.adviceguide.org.uk index your rights legal system small claims.htm AdviceGuide.org.uk from the Citizens Advice Bureau . ref The form itself The allocation questionnaire is a Pivotal Point in the judicial process requesting the following information Whether you wish to have a month to settle the case. What is the location or Venue law venue of the case, and why it is chosen. Whether any pre action protocols applied, and whether these were complied with. What is the amount of the claim in dispute. Who you will call as lay or expert witness es. Whether the case should be considered small claims, or another track. How long you think the trial will take. How much your costs will be in Pounds sterling . ref name Form Tracks There are three tracks ref http www.justice.gov.uk civil procrules fin contents parts part26.htm rule26 1 CPR 26.1 2 ref Small claims any claim up to 5,000 and certain personal injury and leasehold estate tenant claims over 1,000. Fast track disputes involving between 5,000 and 25,000. Multi track disputes that are claimed to be over ... more details
2008 Sex allocation is the allocation of resources to male versus female reproduction in sexual species Charnov 1982 West 2009 . Sex allocation depends upon the Mating system breeding syste m of a species ... the above scheme, the fundamental problems of sex allocation are as follows Charnov 1982 West 2009 ... allocation of resources to male and female reproduction? For all breeding systems, when does selection favour the ability of an individual to alter its allocation to male versus female ..., Fisher clarified the frequency dependent nature of selection on sex allocation that is at the centre of all subsequent developments. Modern research on sex allocation began with W. D. Hamilton Hamilton 1967 , which made five pivotal contributions to the field of sex allocation, and evolutionary biology more generally. First, he showed how competition between relatives can select for biased sex allocation ... for a female biased sex allocation by a process that Hamilton termed local mate competition LMC ... and its various extensions, one of the two most productive areas of sex allocation, alongside LMC theory. Another major strand of sex allocation research was initiated when Trivers & Hare 1976 examined conflict over sex allocation in the social hymenoptera ants, bees & wasps . This paper made two ... inclusive fitness theory, to show how the ES sex allocation differed from the point of view of the queen and their workers. Research on sex allocation conflict within the social hymenoptera has since become the third most productive area in the field of sex allocation chapter 9 . Second, they showed ..., and to this day, sex allocation still provides some of the clearest support for inclusive fitness theory. Charnov s 1982 monograph, The theory of sex allocation , brought all this together, providing a masterly synthesis of theoretical and empirical work. He unified the different areas of sex allocation ... concepts and similar mathematical models could be applied to all of the problems of sex allocation ... more details
Cleanup rewrite date May 2009 Slab allocation is a memory management mechanism intended for the efficient memory allocation of kernel objects which displays the desirable property of eliminating Fragmentation computer fragmentation caused by allocations and deallocations. The technique is used to retain allocated memory that contains a data object of a certain type for reuse upon subsequent allocations of objects of the same type. Slab allocation was first introduced in the Solaris operating system Solaris 2.4 kernel by Jeff Bonwick and now is widely used by many Unix operating systems including FreeBSD ref name bsdman http fuse4bsd.creo.hu localcgi man cgi.cgi?zone 9 FreeBSD Kernel Developer s Manual ref and Linux ref name jones M. Tim Jones, http www.ibm.com developerworks linux library l linux slab allocator Anatomy of the Linux slab allocator ref as of version 2.2. Basis The primary motivation for slab allocation is that the initialization and destruction of kernel data objects can ... to initialize object state. With slab allocation, memory chunks suitable to fit data objects of certain ... pre allocated memory chunks. Implementation Understanding the slab allocation algorithm requires ... as partial . The slab allocation algorithm has as its principal benefit that memory gets allocated ... ref The allocation takes place quickly, because the system builds the objects in advance ... by. It represents one memory allocation to the cache from the machine, and whose size is customarily ... using slab allocation AmigaOS introduced in 4.0 DragonFly BSD introduced in release 1.0 FreeBSD ... p. 334 . ref Linux introduced in kernel 2.2, many popular distributions now choose the SLUB allocation method over SLAB, but it is still available as an option In Linux , slab allocation provides a kind of front end to the buddy allocation zoned buddy allocator for those sections of the kernel that require more flexible memory allocation than the standard 4KB page size NetBSD introduced in 4.0 Solaris ... more details
In compiler optimization , register allocation is the process of assigning a large number of target program Variable programming variables onto a small number of Central processing unit CPU processor register registers . Register allocation can happen over a basic block local register allocation , over a whole function procedure global register allocation , or in between functions as a calling convention interprocedural register allocation . Introduction In many programming languages, the programmer has the illusion of allocating arbitrarily many variables. However, during compilation, the Compiler computing compiler must decide how to allocate these variables to a small, finite set of registers. Not all variables are liveness analysis in use or live at the same time, so some registers may be assigned to more than one variable. However, two variables in use at the same time cannot be assigned .... Register allocation can then be reduced to the problem of Graph coloring Vertex coloring K ... allocation. However, good algorithms exist which balance performance with quality of compiled ... efficient code, but their allocation time is high. In cases of static compilation, allocation ... just in time JIT compilers, fast register allocation is important. An efficient technique proposed by Poletto and Sarkar is http www.cs.ucla.edu palsberg course cs132 linearscan.pdf linear scan allocation ... Allocation For Runtime Compilation , http llvm.org pubs 2006 04 04 CGO GraphColoring.html ref The lossy ... of tests used. Optimal register allocation algorithms based on Integer Programming have been ... of constraints math n math . ref Kong, Wilken, Precise Register Allocation for Irregular Architectures , http www.ece.ucdavis.edu cerl cerl arch irreg.pdf ref The possibility of doing register allocation ..., Palsberg, Pereira, Rastello, SSA Based Register Allocation , ESWEEK Tutorial http thedude.cc.gt.atl.ga.us ... Register Allocation Category Compiler optimizations de Registerzuteilung fr Allocation de registres ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2007 Vote allocation is a system of tactical voting used in the Republic of China on Taiwan from the late 1990s until 2004, after which the voting system is to be changed from single non transferable vote to a parallel voting system. In this system, voters are asked to vote for a party candidate based on items such as their day of birthday so as to evenly distribute votes. In districts where a party is running two candidates, males may be asked to vote for one candidate and females for another to insure even distribution. Category Elections Category Politics of Taiwan election stub Taiwan poli stub zh ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Location allocation refers to algorithm s used primarily in a geographic information system to determine an optimal location for one or more facilities that will service demand from a given set of points. Algorithms can assign those demand points to one or more facilities, taking into account factor analysis factors such as the number of facilities available, their cost, and the maximum impedance from a facility to a point. ref cite book url http store.esri.com esri showdetl.cfm?SID 2&Product ID 868&Category ID 49 title A to Z GIS An Illustrated Dictionary of Geographic Information Systems publisher Esri editors Wade, Tasha & Sommer, Shelly ref See also Geographic information system References reflist Category Geographic information systems map stub ... more details
Wiktionary WelshwelshWelsh may refer to TOCright Related to Wales Wales , a country in the United Kingdom please don t add extra wikilink on line Welsh language Welsh people Don t re add these they aren t referred to as Welsh Cardiff , the capital city of Wales Cymru , nowiki Wales nowiki in welsh People Welsh surname Places Welsh Basin , a basin during the Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian geological periods Welsh, Louisiana , a town Structures Welsh Bridge , a masonry arch viaduct in Shrewsbury, England Nantwich Bridge , formerly known as Welsh Bridge, in Nantwich, Cheshire, England Welsh Auditorium , a former multi purpose arena and convention center in Grand Rapids, Michigan Sports Welsh Golf Classic , a professional tournament on the European Tour from 1979 to 1982 Welsh National , a Grade 3 National Hunt chase in Great Britain Welsh Cup , an annual football competition Welsh Professional Championship , a snooker competition for 1977 to 1991 Welsh Open snooker , a tournament which replaced the Welsh Professional Championship Welsh Open darts , a tournament Welsh International Open , a tennis tournament held only in 1997 Units of the British Army 38th Welsh Infantry Division , two units, one in each world war 53rd Welsh Infantry Division , a Territorial Army division from 1908 to 1968 Welsh Brigade , an administrative formation from 1948 to 1964 Welsh Transport Regiment , a Territorial Army logistic unit Other uses Welsh pig See also Walha Welch disambiguation Walsh disambiguation Welshy disambiguation lookfrom Welsh intitle Welsh Disambiguation cy Welsh de Welsh fr Welsh gl Gal s lmo Gales nl Welsh simple Welsh fi Welsh tl Gales ... more details
The Welsh Not or Welsh Note was a punishment system used in some Wales Welsh schools in the late 19th and early 20th century to dissuade children from speaking Welsh language Welsh . It was represented as a piece of wood, inscribed with the letters WN , that was hung around the necks of children who spoke Welsh during the school day. The not was given to any child overheard speaking Welsh, who would pass it to a different child if they were overheard speaking Welsh. By the end of the day, the wearer of the not would be given a corporal punishment lashing . The idea of the not was to discourage pupils from speaking Welsh, at a time when English language English was considered by some to be the only suitable medium of instruction . History The use of the not was recorded in the 18th century it was also commonly known as the cwstom , the Welsh stick and the Welsh lead a lump of lead . ref The Welsh Academy Encyclopedia of Wales. Cardiff University of Wales Press 2006 ref The practice was mentioned in the 1847 Treachery of the Blue Books Reports of the commissioners of enquiry into the state of education in Wales . Though highly critical of many aspects of Welsh culture , some of the inspectors commented on the existence of the practice of using nots as being arbitrary and cruel. The report did not endorse the practice. The reports also clearly show that the vast majority of education in Welsh Wales was still conducted in Welsh. In the later decades of the 19th century, education was compulsory but the Welsh not was used only in a minority of schools, and after the School board ... 1888 , instruction in Welsh in primary schools became the norm in Welsh speaking areas. ref John Davies ... education.shtml BBC article on the Welsh not Category Linguistic rights Category Linguistic discrimination Category Welsh language Category School punishments Category History of Wales Category Article Feedback 5 br Welsh Not ca Welsh Not cy Welsh Not eu Welsh Not fr Welsh Not ja Welsh Not ... more details
The Formula may refer to The Formula 1980 film The Formula 1980 film , a mystery film The Formula 2002 film The Formula 2002 film , a fan film The Formula song , a single by The D.O.C. from the album No One Can Do It Better The Formula album The Formula album , a 2008 collaborative album by Buckshot and 9th Wonder disambiguation ... more details
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