, are small hemiptera ns. More than List of whitefly species 1550 species have been described. Whiteflies typically feed on the underside of plant leaves. Agricultural threat The ability of the whitefly ... losses are estimated in the hundreds of millions of dollars. While several species of whitefly ... by the difficulty in classifying and detecting new whitefly biotypes and Begomoviruses. Proper diagnosis ..., USA. This is the worst viral disease transmitted by the whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii . The whitefly has also been shown to transmit almost 60 other viral plant diseases. Whitefly damage by feeding ... bug feeding on whitefly nymphs. Whitefly pest control control is difficult and complex as whiteflies ... Whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood publisher University of Florida ref While an initial ... wfly0086.htm title Silverleaf Whitefly publisher University of Florida ref so only use of selective insecticides is advised. Specific insecticide information and guidance for the fig whitefly ... pdfs urban hort The 20Fig 20Whitefly 20 AUG2008 20Fact 20Sheet.pdf. title The Fig Whitefly A New Pest ... used will not kill the natural predators of whitefly. For effective use of biological method ... methods have also been proposed to control whitefly infestation, and may be paired with chemical ... cite web url http www.uckac.edu whitefly faqs about whiteflies.htm title FAQs about Whiteflies publisher ... infested. Pesticide use is not ideal in the case of controlling whitefly and widespread contamination ... predators and parasitoids may be effective in controlling whitefly infestations. These predators ... bugs , and Nabidae damsel bugs . ref name FAQs about Whiteflies br Integrated management of whitefly ... to provide a defense to goosberries or tomatoes. It will provide root chemicals that deter whitefly ... their detection by some pest insects more difficult. Selected species The greenhouse whitefly , Trialeurodes ... of citrus crops. br The silverleaf whitefly , Bemisia argentifolii , is a pest of a number ... more details
Taxobox name Silverleaf whitefly image Silverleaf whitefly.jpg image width regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod ... Bemisia tabaci binomial authority Gennadius , 1889 The silverleaf whitefly Bemisia tabaci , which is informally referred to as Sweetpotato or Silverleaf whitefly strain B is one of several whitefly ... 411 5. Retrieved 2007 02 21 . ref The Silverleaf Whitefly is classified in the family Aleyrodidae , and is included ... complex? Annual Rev. Entomol . 1995.40 511 34. ref The Silverleaf whitefly was first found in the United ... es, other fruit and vegetable crops less than a year later. Within five years, the Silverleaf whitefly ... industries. ref name Fan & Pettit The whitefly thrives worldwide in tropical, subtropical, and less ... Whitefly Hosts Homoptera Aleyrodidae . Environmental Entomology . 2000. 29 851 860. ref The whitefly ... but with close inspection, the whitefly is slightly smaller and has a distinct wing color that helps ... on the leaves. During the adult stages of the silverleaf whitefly, the body expands up to 0.8mm ... and body. ref name Johnson Johnson, F.A., Short, D.E., Castner J.L. Sweetpotato Silverleaf Whitefly .... ref During feeding or resting stages the whitefly adult covers its body over with its wings. When ... color towards the time of hatching within 5 to 7 days. After the egg stage, the whitefly hatchling ... is greenish in color and flat in body structure. ref name Johnson The mobile whitefly nymphs walks ..., the whitefly maintains an Opacity optics opaque white appearance and does not move from the feeding ... whitefly s preferred hosts. Research indicates that the silverleaf whitefly likely came from India. Since the whitefly is predominately associated with areas exhibiting tropical subtropical climates ... of the whitefly to plants facilitate the spread of dangerous plant viruses, which these insects ... by the whitefly include tomato es, squash plant squash , poinsettia , cucumber , eggplant s, okra , beans and cotton . ref name Johnson Other common plant damages of whitefly include removing plant ... more details
Taxobox name Greenhouse whitefly image Weisse Fliege.jpg regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Hemiptera subordo Homoptera familia Aleyrodidae genus Trialeurodes species T. vaporariorum binomial Trialeurodes vaporariorum binomial authority John Obadiah Westwood Westwood , 1856 Trialeurodes vaporariorum , commonly known as the greenhouse glasshouse or greenhouse whitefly inhabits the world s temperate regions. It is a primary insect pest animal pest of many fruit, vegetable and ornamental crops, frequently being found in glasshouses and other protected horticultural environments. Adults are 1 2 mm in length, with yellowish bodies and four wax coated wings held near parallel to the leaf surface. Life cycle Females are capable of mating less than 24 hours after emergence and most frequently lay their Egg biology egg s on the undersides of leaves. Eggs are pale yellow in colour, before turning grey prior to hatching. Newly hatched larva e, often known as crawlers, are the only mobile immature life stage. During the first and second larval instars, the appearance is that of a pale yellow translucent, flat scale which can be difficult to distinguish with the naked eye. During the fourth and final immature life stage referred to as the pupa , compound eyes and other body tissues become visible as the larvae thicken and rise from the leaf surface. However, this stage cannot be defined as a true pupa stage as hemipterans do not exude this stage of development. Plant damage All life stages apart from eggs and pupae cause crop damage through direct feeding, inserting their stylet into leaf veins and extracting nourishment from the phloem sap. As a by product of feeding, honeydew secretion honeydew is excreted and that alone can be a second, major source of damage. The third and potentially most harmful characteristic is the ability of adults to transmit several ... wfly0002.htm? USDA Whitefly Knowledgebase Category Hemiptera Category Agricultural pest insects ... more details
Aleyrodidae is a large hemiptera n family biology family comprising the whitefly whiteflies . It contains the following species ref cite journal author Jon A. Martin & Laurence A. Mound year 2007 title An annotated check list of the world s whiteflies Insecta Hemiptera Aleyrodidae journal Zootaxa volume 1492 isbn 978 1 86977 112 6 pages 1 84 url http hbs.bishopmuseum.org fiji pdf martin mound2007.pdf format Portable Document Format PDF ref Aleyrodinae Westwood, 1840 Div col colwidth 30em Acanthaleyrodes small Takahashi, 1931 small Acanthaleyrodes callicarpae small Takahashi, 1931 small Acanthaleyrodes styraci small Takahashi, 1942 small Acanthobemisia small Takahashi, 1935 small Acanthobemisia distylii small Takahashi, 1935 small Acanthobemisia indicus small Meganathan & David, 1994 small Acaudaleyrodes small Takahashi, 1951 small Acaudaleyrodes africanus small Dozier, 1934 small Acaudaleyrodes ebeni small Manzari & Alemansoor, 2005 small Acaudaleyrodes pauliani small Takahashi, 1951 small Acaudaleyrodes rachipora small Singh, 1931 small Acaudaleyrodes tuberculata small Bink Moenen, 1983 small Acutaleyrodes small Takahashi, 1960 small Acutaleyrodes palmae small Takahashi, 1960 small Africaleurodes small Dozier, 1934 small Africaleurodes adami small Cohic, 1968 small Africaleurodes ananthakrishnani small Dubey & Sundararaj, 2006 small Africaleurodes balachowskyi small Cohic, 1968 small Africaleurodes capgrasi small Cohic, 1968 small Africaleurodes citri small Takahashi, 1932 small Africaleurodes coffeacola small Dozier, 1934 small Africaleurodes fulakariensis small Cohic, 1966 small Africaleurodes hexalobi small Bink Moenen, 1983 small Africaleurodes indicus small Regu & David, 1993 small Africaleurodes karwarensis small Dubey & Sundararaj, 2006 small Africaleurodes loganiaceae small Dozier, 1934 small Africaleurodes martini small Cohic, 1968 small Africaleurodes ochnaceae ... small Cryptolingula perplexa small Martin & Carver in Martin, 1999 small Davidiella whitefly Davidiella ... more details
Bellissima Most Beautiful in Italian Language Italian may refer to Bellissima film Bellissima film , a 1951 film by Luchino Visconti Bellissima , a 1988 Pizzicato Five album Bellissima song Bellissima song , a 1997 DJ Quicksilver song Trialeurodes bellissima , a whitefly species SpeciesAbbreviation bellissima disambig ... more details
high densities of whiteflies. D. pusillus is most effective at high whitefly densities. Since ... benefit in greenhouses where whitefly populations are low. Both adult and larval beetles avoid feeding on whitefly nymphs parasite parasitised by wasp s such as Encarsia formosa and Eretmocerus eremicus ... more details
T. intermedia may refer to Terminalia intermedia , a plant species endemic to Cuba Thais intermedia , a sea snail species Tillandsia intermedia , a plant species Trialeurodes intermedia , a whitefly species Triplophysa intermedia , a ray finned fish species Tristramella intermedia , an extinct fish species that was endemic to Israel Trypeta intermedia , a fruit fly species Synonyms Typhula intermedia , a synonym for Typhula variabilis , a plant pathogen species See also Intermedia disambiguation Species Latin name abbreviation disambiguation ... more details
T. similis may refer to Tabanus similis , a biting horsefly species in the genus Tabanus Tarachodes similis , a praying mantis species Trialeurodes similis , a whitefly species Trichopsomyia similis , a hoverfly species in the genus Trichopsomyia Troglohyphantes similis , the Ko evje subterranean spider, a spider species endemic to Slovenia Tutelina similis , a jumping spider species in the genus Tutelina See also Similis disambiguation Species Latin name abbreviation disambiguation ... more details
T. variabilis may refer to Thamniochloris variabilis , an alga species in the genus Thamniochloris Tillandsia variabilis , a plant species native to Bolivia, Costa Rica, Mexico and the United States Tramitichromis variabilis , a fish species found in Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania Trialeurodes variabilis , the papaya whitefly, an insect species in the genus Trialeurodes Typhula variabilis , a plant pathogen species See also Variabilis Species Latin name abbreviation disambiguation ... more details
, are primarily parasitoid s of sessile stages of Sternorrhyncha , in particular Whitefly whiteflies ... small Heraty & Polaszek small Sweet potato whitefly Bemisia tabaci ref Heraty, J.M., Polaszek, A. & Schauff ... formosa small Gahan small Greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum ref http arjournals.annualreviews.org ... gloverii ref name EPPO Encarsia inaron small Walker small Cabbage Whitefly Aleyrodes proletella ... Populations of a Conventional Parasitoid by a Heteronomous Hyperparasitoid ref and ash whitefly ... Howard small Citrus whitefly Dialeurodes citri ref name EPPO Encarsia pergandiella small Howard small Sweet potato whitefly Bemisia tabaci ref http www.myrmecos.net insects Encarsia1.html Myrmecos.net ... 12 878 884. ref Encarsia sophia small Girault & Dodd small Papaya whitefly Trialeurodes variabilis ref http mrec.ifas.ufl.edu lso banker banker.htm University of Florida ref and sweet potato whitefly Bemisia tabaci ref name Heraty2008 Encarsia tricolor small F rster small Cabbage Whitefly Aleyrodes ... more details
Taxobox image Encarsia formosa.jpg image caption Encarsia formosa regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Hymenoptera subordo Apocrita superfamilia Chalcidoidea familia Aphelinidae genus Encarsia species E. formosa binomial Encarsia formosa binomial authority Charles Joseph Gahan Gahan , 1924 Encarsia formosa is a species of wasps wasp and a well known parasitoid of greenhouse whitefly . The tiny females about 0.6 mm long are black with a yellow abdomen and opalescent wings. There are many fewer males than females. They are slightly larger and are completely black in coloration. Life cycle File Tomate Blatt Eier Wei e Fliege parasitiert.jpg thumb left Tomato leaf with whitefly nymphs white parasitized by E. formosa black . Females deposit 50 100 eggs individually inside the bodies of third instar nymph biology nymphs or pupa e of the host species. The wasp larvae develop through four instars in about two weeks at optimum temperatures. Parasitized greenhouse whitefly pupae turn black in about 10 days, while parasitized sweet potato whiteflies turn amber brown. Both are easily distinguished from unparasitized host pupae. Wasp pupation occurs within the whitefly body. Adult wasps emerge about 10 days later. Use in biological control Encarsia has been used as a natural pesticide to control whitefly populations in greenhouses since the 1920s. Use of the insect fell out of fashion due to the increased prevalence of chemical pesticides and was essentially non existent by the 1940s. Since the 1970s Encarsia has seen something of a revival, with renewed usage in European and Russian greenhouses. ref http arjournals.annualreviews.org doi full 10.1146 annurev.ento.43.1.645?cookieSet 1 MS Hoddle et al. 1998 Annual Review of Entomology Vol. 43 645 669 ref Flight E. formosa makes use of an unusual form of hovering flight. Unlike normal flight, this method would work in an entirely inviscid medium, as it does not rely on a starting vortex to create circulati ... more details
Taxobox color violet name Sweet potato yellow dwarf virus virus group iv familia Potyviridae genus Ipomovirus species Sweet potato yellow dwarf virus SPYDV synonyms whitefly transmissible sweet potato virus Sweet potato yellow dwarf virus SPYDV is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Potyviridae . External links http phene.cpmc.columbia.edu ICTVdB 00.057.0.85.002.htm ICTVdB The Universal Virus Database Sweet potato yellow dwarf virus http www.virology.net Big Virology BVFamilyGroup.html Family Groups The Baltimore Method DEFAULTSORT Sweet Potato Yellow Dwarf Virus Category Viral plant pathogens and diseases Category Potyviridae Virus plant disease stub ... more details
orphan date June 2010 Taxobox color violet name Cassava brown streak virus virus group iv familia Potyviridae genus Ipomovirus species Cassava brown streak virus synonyms Cassava brown streak virus disease CBSD is a damaging disease of cassava plants, especially troublesome in Eastern Africa. ref name Legg cite web url http c3project.iita.org Doc A25 CBSDbriefMay6.pdf title New Spread of Cassava Brown Streak Virus Disease and its Implications for the Movement of Cassava Germplasm in the East and Central African Region date May 2007 author Pheneas Ntawuruhunga and James Legg ref The chief vector of CBSD is an insect, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci . ref name Legg References reflist Category Viral plant pathogens and diseases Category Potyviridae Virus plant disease stub ... more details
Cucumber yellows virus CuYV is a species of virus that infects plants, specifically the cucumber and melon . It is transmitted by the greenhouse whitefly . The cucumber yellows virus genome was completely sequenced in 2003. ref cite journal last1 Hartono first1 Sedyo last2 Natsuaki first2 Tomohide last3 Genda first3 Yoshikatsu last4 Okuda first4 Seiichi title Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of Cucumber yellows virus, a member of the genus Crinivirus journal Journal of General Virology volume 84 issue Pt 4 pages 1007 12 year 2003 pmid 12655104 doi 10.1099 vir.0.18605 0 ref References Reflist External links http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ICTVdb ICTVdB 00.010.0.04.htm ICTVdb Virus Description Category Viruses Category Viral plant pathogens and diseases Category Sequenced genomes Virus plant disease stub ... more details
wiktionary Cereus Cereus , Waxy disambiguation waxy in Latin, may refer to wikispecies Cereus Cereus anemone Cereus anemone , a sea anemones genus in the family Sagartiidae Cereus plant Cereus plant , a plant genus in the family Cactaceae Aleurocybotus cereus , a whitefly species in the genus Aleurocybotus Bacillus cereus , an endemic, soil dwelling, Gram positive, rod shaped, beta hemolytic bacterium species Cereus Poker Network , an online poker network See also Cerea disambiguation Cereum Disambiguation Category Latin words found in species names Category Genus disambiguation pages fr Cereus homonymie ... more details
This is a list of lists of species . Expand list date August 2011 List of Anthurium species List of Drosera species List of Geum species List of Gymnopilus species Lists of Linyphiidae species List of mantis genera and species List of Oenothera species List of Orchidaceae species List of Quercus species List of Ranunculus species List of shark species List of Triaenonychidae species List of Utricularia species List of whitefly species See also Lists of animals Lists of IUCN Red List endangered species List of extinct species List of fictional species Category Biology Category Lists of lists ... more details
ref name Timmermans1994 are transmitted in a persistent manner by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci , by vegetative .... ref name Timmermans1994 Generally, Whitefly requires 3 hours feeding time to acquire the virus ... 48 hours after initial acquisition of the virus. ref name Thurston1998 A single whitefly is sufficient ... and temperature. Given that the viruses are transmitted by whitefly, the spread of the virus is going ... in whitefly. ref name Fargette1994 2 Increased light intensity has also been shown to increase activity of the whitefly vector. ref name Thurston1998 Whitefly can fly at speeds up to 0.2 mph, but in high ... of the whitefly in cassava fields, with populations greatest in upwind boarders and lowest within ... incidence of disease. ref name Fargette1994 2 Populations of whitefly will increase with rainfall, but heavy rains may impede whitefly spread and thus decrease incidence of virus. ref name Fargette1994 ..., radiation and population levels of whitefly. Control Strategies Control strategies for cassava ... Harrison B & Robinson D 1999 . Natural genomic and antigenic variation in whitefly transmitted ... more details
leaf curl, carried by the sweet potato whitefly ref Simmons, Alvin, and Kai shu Ling, and Harrision Howard, and David Jackson. Whitefly Transmission of the Sweet Potato Leaf Curl Virus. New Approaches ... publications.htm?SEQ NO 115 224077 . ref . The whitefly also has been found to transport the leaf ..., and when a new crop is planted, affects the new host. When a whitefly and some other carriers ... adopted a national plan of research and action against the silverleaf whitefly . Since then, crop ... when regarding the whitefly. It even carries the viruses to cause immature ripening in tomatoes ... exotic wasps deposit eggs under whitefly larva, which emerge from the eggs and destroy the larva. This is still ... Wood. The Whitefly Plan A five year Update. 06 Feb 2007. United States Department of Agriculture ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Taxobox image Aphididae aka .jpg image caption An aphid. regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Hemiptera subordo Sternorrhyncha subdivision ranks Superfamilies subdivision Aleyrodoidea br Aphidoidea br Coccoidea br Phylloxeroidea br Psylloidea Sternorrhyncha is a suborder of the Hemiptera which contains the aphid s, whitefly whiteflies , and scale insect s, groups which were traditionally included in the order Homoptera . Sternorrhyncha refers to the rearward position of the mouthparts relative to the head. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant feeders phytophagous , and many are major crop and ornamental Pest organism pests . Many exhibit modified morphology and or life cycles, including phenomena such as flightless morphs, parthenogenesis , sexual dimorphism , and eusociality . Groups Well known groups in the Sternorrhyncha include aphid s Aphididae and allied families woolly and gall making aphids Eriosomatinae , Pemphigidae pine and spruce aphids Adelgidae , Chermesidae phylloxerans Phylloxeridae , including the Phylloxera Vine Phylloxera whitefly whiteflies Aleyrodidae jumping plant lice Psyllidae and allied families Superfamily Coccoidea scale insect s cottony cushion scales, giant coccids, and ground pearls Margarodidae armoured scales Diaspididae cochineal insects Dactylopiidae lac scales Kerriidae , Lacciferidae, Tachardinidae soft scales Coccidae pit scales Asterolecaniidae mealybug s Pseudococcidae felted scales Eriococcidae External links commonscat inline Category Hemiptera da Sternorrhyncha de Pflanzenl use es Sternorrhyncha fr Sternorrhyncha ko it Sternorrhyncha he lv Augutis lt Lygiasparniai hu N v nytetvek nl Plantenluizen no Plantelus pl Piersiodziobe pt Sternorrhyncha ru Sternorrhyncha fi Kirvansukuiset sv V xtl ss uk Sternorrhyncha ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Aleyrodes proletella image Witte vlieg op boerenkool.jpg image caption Aleyrodes proletella with eggs on Kale regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Hemiptera subordo Homoptera familia Aleyrodidae genus Aleyrodes species A. proletella binomial Aleyrodes proletella binomial authority Carl Linnaeus Linnaeus , 10th edition of Systema Naturae 1758 synonyms Aleyrodes brassicae Walker The Cabbage Whitefly Aleyrodes proletella is a species of whitefly from the Aleyrodidae family. It has a global distribution. Image Boerenkool melige koolluis.jpg 200px thumb left Adults, eggs and puppae Image Aproletella.jpg 200px thumb left Adult with eggs Adults are 1,5 mm in length. They have white wings with four gray spots. The wings are white due to a powdery wax . The head and thorax are dark, while the underside is yellow and also covered with a layer of wax. The eyes are red. The species is a pest on various Brassica species mainly Brussels sprout and Kale and Fragaria . It also feeds on various wild plants, including Capsella bursa pastoris . It is found in colonies on the backside of leaves. They suck in the phloem of the leaves and pollute these by excreting Honeydew secretion honeydew , causing mold growth. There are usually four to five generations per year. The development of a generation varies from three to six weeks. A female can lay up to 150 eggs. External links http doks2.khk.be eindwerk do files FiSeff80808116c8e2a70116f20ff44609d9 thesis2008480.pdf Thesis Category Hemiptera Category Agricultural pest insects Category Animals described in 1758 es Aleyrodes proletella nl Koolwittevlieg vi Aleyrodes proletella ... more details
Taxobox color violet name Tomato yellow leaf curl virus TYLCV image image caption Tomato plant infected with TYLCV virus group ii familia Geminiviridae genus Begomovirus species Tomato yellow leaf curl virus synonyms tomato leaf curl virus Tomato yellow leaf curl virus TYLCV is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Geminiviridae . It is transmitted by the silverleaf whitefly . External links http phene.cpmc.columbia.edu ICTVdB 00.029.0.03.043.htm ICTVdB The Universal Virus Database Tomato yellow leaf curl virus http www.virology.net Big Virology BVFamilyGroup.html Family Groups The Baltimore Method http www.avrdc.org pdf tomato TYLCV.pdf The World Vegetable Center Information on TYLCV DEFAULTSORT Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Category Viruses Category Tomato pathogens and pests Category Viral plant pathogens and diseases Virus plant disease stub fr Virus des feuilles jaunes en cuill re de la tomate ... more details
Taxobox virus group iv familia Closteroviridae genus Crinivirus species Potato yellow vein virus The Potato yellow vein virus PYVV is a plant pathogen of the Closteroviridae family. It is a whitefly transmitted closterovirus vectored by Trialeurodes vaporariorum , which is known to cause a yellowing disease in potato crops in South America ref name pmid15218192 Cite journal author Livieratos IC, Eliasco E, M ller G, et al. title Analysis of the RNA of Potato yellow vein virus evidence for a tripartite genome and conserved 3 terminal structures among members of the genus Crinivirus journal J. Gen. Virol. volume 85 issue Pt 7 pages 2065 75 year 2004 month July pmid 15218192 doi 10.1099 vir.0.79910 0 url ref . PYVV RNA have a conserved 3 terminal secondary structure, which includes a pseudoknot ref name pmid15218192 . References Reflist 1 Category Viruses Category Viral plant pathogens and diseases virus stub fr Virus des nervures jaunes de la pomme de terre ... more details
Taxobox virus group iv familia Closteroviridae subdivision ranks Genera subdivision Ampelovirus br Closterovirus br Crinivirus br The Closteroviridae are a family of virus es plant viruses with filamentous, helically constructed particles showing distinct cross banding and varying in length from 650 nanometer s nm to over 2000 nm. The genome is a single strand of positive sense RNA whose size varies from 13 19 kilobases. Virology Taxonomy The genera differ in genome type and transmission vector. Ampeloviruses are bipartite and transmitted by pseudococcid mealybug s and soft scale insect s Closterovirus are monopartite and transmitted by aphid s Criniviruses are tripartite and transmitted by whitefly whiteflies . Genus Ampelovirus type species Grapevine leafroll associated virus 3 Genus Closterovirus type species Beet yellows virus Genus Crinivirus type species Lettuce infectious yellows virus References External links http www.expasy.org viralzone all by species 34.html Viralzone Closteroviridae Category RNA viruses Virus stub ar ca Closterov rid es Closteroviridae fr Closteroviridae zh ... more details
Taxobox color violet name African cassava mosaic virus virus group II The ssDNA Viruses familia Geminiviridae genus Begomovirus species African cassava mosaic virus synonyms cassava latent virus br cassava mosaic virus br cassava African mosaic virus African cassava mosaic virus ACMV , ICTV approved acronym is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Geminiviridae that may cause either a Mosaic virus mosaic appearance to plant leaves, or chlorosis , a loss of chlorophyll . In Manihot esculenta cassava , a highly valuable African food crop , the virus is the only known plant virus for cassava and causes severe mosaic. Cassava is a food crop in many places throughout the tropics and subtropics as a source of carbohydrate s, but the transmission and severity of disease for cassava in Africa is greatest with ACMV. Cause African cassava mosaic virus is transmitted by a Bemisia tabaci whitefly . External links http phene.cpmc.columbia.edu ICTVdB 00.029.0.03.004.htm ICTVdB The Universal Virus Database African cassava mosaic virus http www.virology.net Big Virology BVFamilyGroup.html Family Groups The Baltimore Method DEFAULTSORT African Cassava Mosaic Virus Category Viruses Category Viral plant pathogens and diseases agri stub Virus plant disease stub es African cassava mosaic virus ... more details
File Prokudin Gorskii 15.jpg thumb right Melons in Samarkand across the border in Uzbekistan Melon production in Turkmenistan contributes to the Economy of Turkmenistan national economy . It has been important to agricultural production in the country for centuries and in the Middle Ages was praised as a miracle crop. ref name BBC cite web url http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi world asia pacific 3142311.stm title Turkmen leader inspires devotion to melon publisher BBC date 11 August 2003 ref In 1992 some 26,069 hectares were under cultivation. ref cite web url http www.fao.org fileadmin templates agphome documents PGR SoW1 east TURKMENI.pdf title Turkmenistan COUNTRY REPORT TO THE FAO INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL CONFERENCE ON PLANT GENETIC RESOURCE publisher FAO accessdate 23 April 2012 ref Turkmenistan has hosted an annual Melon Day since 1994 to celebrate Melon culture in the country. ref name BBC Held in the autumn, melons are brought into Ashgabad by soldiers and the people can eat as many melons as they like. ref name Backman2005 cite book last Backman first Michael title Inside Knowledge Streetwise in Asia url http books.google.com books?id h0tnSn bVXAC&pg PA69 accessdate 23 April 2012 date 17 September 2005 publisher Palgrave Macmillan isbn 978 1 4039 4237 1 page 69 ref Production in the country has been affected by pests such as the whitefly . References Reflist Category Agriculture in Turkmenistan Category Melon production ... more details
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