- Dirofilaria immitis
of Wolbachia Wolbachia pipientis is an intracellular bacterium that is an endosymbiont of Dirofilaria immitis . It is thought that all heartworms are infected with Wolbachia to some degree. Research ... due to the release of Wolbachia bacteria or protein into the tissues. This may be particularly significant ... Wolbachia may prove to be beneficial, but further studies are necessary. ref name forum Cite journal last Todd Jenkins first Karen coauthors title The Role of Wolbachia in heartworm disease journal ... more details
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- Mansonella perstans
are focused on 1 co infection of M. perstans with other filarial parasite s and 2 the study of Wolbachia ... of worms in species that harbor the intracellular endosymbiont wolbachia. Wolbachiae are bacterial ... P.B., Coulibaly Y., Kubofcik J., Diallo A.A., Klion A.D., et al. Molecular identification of Wolbachia ... isolates of Brugia malayi, in which the Wolbachia pipens genome is integrated into the chromosome of their hosts the parasite . When this integration occurs, wolbachia can no longer be targeted as means ... with doxycycline may select worms that will have already integrated wolbachia into their genome ... more details
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- DNA barcoding
inducing symbionts e.g., Wolbachia ref name JohnstoneHurst , horizontal gene transfer such as via ... in the fly genus Protocalliphora , known to be infected with the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia ... species had identical barcodes. The authors went on to state quote The pattern of Wolbachia infection ... associated with Wolbachia infection. Given that Wolbachia is known to infect between 15 and 75 ... and cytoplasmic incompatibility inducing symbionts e.g., Wolbachia ref name JohnstoneHurst are also ... more details
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- Elephantiasis
of a complex interplay between several factors the worm, the symbiotic Wolbachia bacteria ... as a novel strategy against bancroftian filariasis depletion of Wolbachia endosymbionts from Wuchereria ... ref The parasites responsible for elephantiasis have a population of symbiotic bacteria, Wolbachia ... more details
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- Jean Hissette
Wolbachia . It has now become increasingly clear that Wolbachia play the major role in the pathogenesis ... L, Hise AG, Lass JH, Diaconu E, Pearlman E 2002 The role of endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria in the pathogenesis ... more details
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- Spiroplasma
speciation similar to the effects caused by some strains of Wolbachia Jiggins et al. 2000 ... more details
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- Alphaproteobacteria
Taxobox color lightgrey name Alphaproteobacteria image Wolbachia.png image caption Transmission electron micrograph of Wolbachia within an insect cell. br small Credit Public Library of Science Scott O Neill small domain Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Alphaproteobacteria subdivision ranks Order biology Order s subdivision Candidatus Alysiosphaera europeae small small Candidatus Catenimonas italica small small Candidatus Monilibacter batavus small small Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique small Rappe et al. 2002 small Candidatus Puniceispirillum marinum small Oh et al. 2010 small Caulobacterales Caulobacteraceae Kiloniellales Kiloniellaceae Kopriimonadales Kopriimonadaceae Kordiimonadales Kordiimonadaceae Parvularculales Parvularculaceae Rhizobiales Aurantimonadaceae Bartonellaceae Beijerinckiaceae Bradyrhizobiaceae Brucellaceae Cohaesibacteraceae Hyphomicrobiaceae Methylobacteriaceae Methylocystaceae Phyllobacteriaceae Rhizobiaceae Rhodobiaceae Xanthobacteraceae Rhodobacterales Rhodobacteraceae Rhodospirillales Acetobacteraceae Rhodospirillaceae Rickettsiales Anaplasmataceae Holosporaceae Rickettsiaceae Sneathiellales Sneathiellaceae Sphingomonadales Erythrobacteraceae Sphingomonadaceae Alphaproteobacteria is a class of Proteobacteria . ref name urlwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov cite web url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Taxonomy Browser wwwtax.cgi?mode Info&id 28211 title www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov format work accessdate 2009 03 19 ref Like all Proteobacteria, they are Gram negative . Characteristics The Alphaproteobacteria comprise most phototroph ic genera, but also several genera metabolising C1 compounds e.g., Methylobacterium spp. , symbionts of plants e.g., Rhizobium spp. and animals, and a group of pathogens, the Rickettsiaceae . Moreover the precursors of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells are thought to have originated from Rickettsia spp. in this class See endosymbiotic theory . . Because of their symbiotic properties, scientists often use Alphaproteobacteria of the gen ... more details
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- Eurema hecabe
of Wolbachia . These bacteria can alter the sex ratios of the species. ref cite journal doi 10.1098 ... Multiple infection with Wolbachia inducing different reproductive manipulations in the butterfly ... more details
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- Michael Majerus
polymorphism , melanism , Peppered moth , Intragenomic conflict Male killing male killers , Wolbachia ... 13 20 year 1997 ref ref cite paper title Male killing Wolbachia in two species of insect last1 Hurst ... more details
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- Diplolepis rosae
rare. One possible reason for this scarcity is the presence of a bacterium named Wolbachia which is endosymbiotic in the females gametes. A female infected with Wolbachia produces only diploid ... more details
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- Springtail
. Parthenogenesis also called thelytoky is under the control of symbiotic bacteria of the genus Wolbachia ... analysis of Wolbachia in Collembola journal Environmental Microbiology journal Environmental Microbiology volume 6 issue 1 pages 35 44 doi 10.1046 j.1462 2920.2003.00537.x ref Feminizing Wolbachia ... Guo year 1995 title Evolution and phylogeny of Wolbachia reproductive parasites of arthropods journal ... 2004 title Are filarial nematode Wolbachia obligate mutualist symbionts? journal Trends in Ecology ... more details
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- Jumping plant louse
sequenced and posted at the NCBI database, as well as a Wolbachia species. Some of the agriculturally ... more details
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- Drosophila hybrid sterility
of the rickettsial bacteria Wolbachia can produce a male specific sterility, which is congenital by means ... more details
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- Tenebrioninae
results, perhaps due to any or all of hybrid biology hybrid ization, horizontal gene transfer by Wolbachia ... more details
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- Reproductive isolation
or absence of a microorganism Wolbachia and the populations tolerance or susceptibility to these organisms ... strains of Wolbachia . Crosses between an infected population and one free from infection produces ... first1 S.R. last2 O Hara first2 F.P. last3 Werren first3 J.H. year 2001 title Wolbachia induced ... 11217858 issue 6821 pages 707 710 doi 10.1038 35055543 bibcode 2001Natur.409..707B ref Wolbachia also .... last3 Sabelis first3 M. W. title Wolbachia induced hybrid breakdown in the two spotted spider mite ... Shoemaker first1 D.D. last2 Katju first2 V. last3 Jaenike first3 J. year 1999 title Wolbachia and the evolution ... more details
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- Sex-determination system
s, sex is determined by infection, as when bacteria of the genus Wolbachia alter their sexuality some species consist entirely of ZZ individuals, with sex determined by the presence of Wolbachia ... E.N Majerus title Sex ratio distorting Wolbachia causes sex role reversal in its butterfly host journal ... more details
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- Loa loa filariasis
with the bacteria Wolbachia that live with O. volvulus . More research into the mechanisms of post ... the adult worm of O. volvulus and Wolbachia , the bacteria believed to play a major role in the onset ... regimen and emergence of doxycycline resistant Wolbachia . However, in the study over 97 of the patients ... more details
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- Doxycycline
in 2003 to kill the symbiotic Wolbachia bacteria in the filarial worms reproductive tracts, rendering ... Hoerauf A title Doxycycline as a novel strategy against bancroftian filariasis depletion of Wolbachia ... endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria, doxycycline kills the bacteria, and by removal of the endosymbiotes ... more details
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- Filariasis
depletion of Wolbachia endosymbionts from Wuchereria bancrofti and stop of microfilaria production ... s00430 002 0174 6 ref Filarial parasites have symbiotic bacteria in the genus Wolbachia , which live ... more details
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- Sex ratio
, this translates to an approximately equal sex ratio. bacterium Bacteria of the genus Wolbachia cause ... more details
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- Non-Mendelian inheritance
that the Wolbachia bacterium is also capable of inserting its genome into that of its host. ref cite ... more details
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- Carpenter ant
Taxobox image Carpenter ant Tanzania crop.jpg image caption Camponotus sp worker regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Hymenoptera familia Ant Formicidae subfamilia Formicinae tribus Camponotini genus Camponotus genus authority Gustav Mayr Mayr , 1861 type species Camponotus ligniperdus Formica ligniperda type species authority Latreille, 1802 diversity link List of Camponotus species diversity 1,000 species subdivision ranks Species subdivision Carpenter ants are large convert .25 to 1 in cm abbr on disp s ant s Indigenous ecology indigenous to many parts of the world. They prefer dead, damp wood in which to build nests. They do not eat it, however, unlike termite s. ref http www.extension.umn.edu distribution housingandclothing dk1015.html ref Sometimes carpenter ants will hollow out sections of trees. The most likely species to be infesting a house in the United States is the black carpenter ant Camponotus pennsylvanicus . However, there are over a thousand other species in the genus Camponotus . File Camponotus flavomarginatus ant.jpg thumb left Carpenter ant cleaning antennae Symbionts File Camponotus sp. ant.jpg thumb left Camponotus sp. All ants in this genus, and also some related genera, possess an obligate bacteria l Endosymbiosis endosymbiont called Blochmannia . ref name blochman http www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov articlerender.fcgi?artid 2206011 ref This bacterium has a small genome, and retains genes to biosynthesis biosynthesize essential amino acid s and other nutrients. This suggests the bacterium plays a role in ant nutrition. Many Camponotus species are also infected with Wolbachia , another endosymbiont that is widespread across insect groups. Habitat Carpenter ant species reside both outdoors and indoors in moist, decaying or hollow wood. They cut galleries into the wood grain to provide passageways for movement from section to section of the nest. Certain parts of a house, such as around and under windows, roof eaves, decks and ... more details
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- Peeps (novel)
a parasitic worm commonly referred to as a fluke. Wolbachia , a bacterium, was also mentioned ... more details
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- Coffee borer beetle
bacterium Wolbachia . Colonisation The main host of H. hampei is Coffea arabica , but other coffee ... more details
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- List of bacteria genera
Genus Orientia Genus Wolbachia Family Ehrlichiaceae Genus Aegyptianella Genus Anaplasma Genus Cowdria ... more details
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