refimprove date March 2011 Wiktionary Hypogeal , hypogean , hypogeic and hypogeous are biological terms describing an organism s activity below the soil surface. In botany , a seed is described as hypogeal when the cotyledon s of the germinate germinating seed remain photosynthesis non photosynthetic , inside the seed shell, and below ground. ref http www.merriam webster.com dictionary hypogeal Merriam Webster ref The converse, where the cotyledons expand, throw off the seed shell and become photosynthesis photosynthetic above the ground, is epigeal . In water purification works, the hypogeal or Schmutzdecke layer is a biological film just below the surface of slow sand filter s. It contains microorganism s that remove bacteria and trap contaminant particles. The terms hypogean and hypogeic are used for fossorial burrow ing and Troglobite troglobitic or Stygofauna stygobitic cave living organisms. The term hypogeous is more commonly used for fungi with underground fruiting bodies for example, truffle truffles . The opposite terms are epigean , epigeic and epigeous . References references Category Plant morphology ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2008 In plant physiology , the epicotyl is the embryonic shoot above the cotyledon s. In most plants the epicotyl will eventually develop into the leaves of the plant. In dicots , the hypocotyl is what appears to be the base stem under the spent withered cotyledons, and the shoot just above that is the epicotyl . In monocot plants, the first shoot that emerges from the ground or from the seed is the epicotyl , from which the first shoots and leaves emerge. In sunflower seedlings, the difference between epicotyl and hypocotyl can be seen from the parts of the stem divided by the first pair of leaves. Here the stem above the cotyledons is covered in tiny hairs whereas the region of stem below hypocotyl is smooth. Lengthening of the epicotyl is thought to be controlled by the phytochrome photoreceptors. See also Hypocotyl Category plant physiology Category plant morphology botany ca Epic til de Epikotyl es Epic tilo fr picotyle ja pl Epikotyl ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Chrysoritis natalensis image image width 240px image caption regnum Animalia phylum Arthropoda classis Insecta ordo Lepidoptera familia Lycaenidae tribus genus Chrysoritis species C. natalensis binomial Chrysoritis natalensis binomial authority van Son, 1966 ref http www.nic.funet.fi pub sci bio life insecta lepidoptera ditrysia papilionoidea lycaenidae theclinae chrysoritis index.html Chrysoritis , Site of Markku Savela ref synonyms Poecilmitis natalensis small van Son, 1966 small The Natal Opal Chrysoritis natalensis is a butterfly of the Lycaenidae family. It is found in South Africa , where it is found from the East Cape, along the coast of KwaZulu Natal and inland to Zululand and the midlands. The wingspan is 24 30 mm for males and 28 34 mm for females. Adults are on wing year round with peaks in November and February. ref Woodhall, S. Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa, Cape Town Struik Publishers, 2005. ref The larvae feed on Chrysanthemoides monilifera and Cotyledon orbiculata . References Reflist wikispecies commons Category Chrysoritis Theclinae stub ... more details
italic title taxobox name Adromischus cristatus image Adromischus cristatus Gaiser Conservatory Manito Park IMG 7008.JPG image caption Adromischus cristatus regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Core eudicots ordo Saxifragales familia Crassulaceae genus Adromischus species A. cristatus binomial Adromischus cristatus binomial authority Haw. Adromischus cristatus is a species of succulents from the Crassulaceae family, endemic to the eastern cape of South Africa . It is a perennial with short erect branches 20 50 mm long covered with fine aerial roots. Leaves are green to gray green, with undulating margin, and generally measuring 20 40 x 5 13 mm. Synonyms Cotyledon cristata Haw. References Wikispecies Adromischus cristatus Jardin Fleuriste Journal General des Progres et des Interets Horticoles et Botaniques. Ghent 2 Misc. 60. 1852. http plants.jstor.org flora flosa003230383100066 JSTOR entry http www.ars grin.gov cgi bin npgs html taxon.pl?423748 USDA Germplasm Resources Information Network GRIN entry Category Adromischus cristatus ... more details
This is a list of counties of Norway county flowers of Norway . class wikitable bgcolor CCCCCC style width 150px County style width 150px Image style width 200px Norwegian name style width 200px Binomial nomenclature Scientific name Akershus center Image Hepatica nobilis plant.JPG 125px Hepatica nobilis Bl veis Hepatica nobilis Aust Agder center Image Lonicera periclymenum Luc Viatour.JPG 125px Lonicera periclymenum Vivendel Lonicera periclymenum Buskerud center Image Nymphaea alba.jpg 125px Nymphaea alba Stor n kkerose Nymphaea alba Finnmark center Image Hjortron.jpg 125px Rubus chamaemorus Molte Rubus chamaemorus Hedmark center Image FlowersTatranske Zruby 0141.jpg 125px Epilobium angustifolium Geitrams Epilobium angustifolium Hordaland center Image Primula vulgaris flowers.jpg 125px Primula vulgaris Kusymre Primula vulgaris M re og Romsdal center Image Saxifraga cotyledon total.JPG 125px Saxifraga cotyledon Bergfrue Saxifraga cotyledon Nord Tr ndelag center Image Cypripedium calceolus1.JPG 125px Cypripedium calceolus Marisko Cypripedium calceolus Nordland center Image Saxifraga oppositifolia 14 98 45.jpg 125px Saxifraga oppositifolia R dsildre Saxifraga oppositifolia Oppland center Image Pulsatilla vernalis, Seiser Alm.JPG 125px Pulsatilla vernalis Mogop Pulsatilla vernalis Oslo center Image Trifolium montanum eF.jpg 125px Trifolium montanum Bakkekl ver Trifolium montanum Rogaland center Image Erica tetralix.jpeg 125px Erica tetralix Klokkelyng Erica tetralix Sogn og Fjordane center Image Digitalis stora hultrum.sweden 15.jpg 125px Digitalis purpurea Revebjelle Digitalis purpurea S r Tr ndelag center Image Mountainavens2.jpg 125px Dryas octopetala Reinrose Dryas octopetala Telemark center Image Dactylorhiza sambucina Rheinland Pfalz 01.jpg 125px Dactylorhiza sambucina S stermarihand Dactylorhiza sambucina Troms center Image Trollius europaeus 020503.jpg 125px Trollius europaeus Ballblom Trollius europaeus Vest Agder center Image Liernu JPG01c.jpg 125px Quercus ro ... more details
In biology, the BBCH scale for bulb vegetables describes the phenology phenological development of bulb vegetable plants, such as onion , leek , garlic and shallot , using the BBCH scale . The phenological growth stages and BBCH identification keys of bulb vegetables are class wikitable style clear Growth stage Code 2 digit Code 3 digit Description rowspan 9 style vertical align top 0 Germination 00 000 Dry seed, sup 1 sup dormant bulb sup 2 sup 01 000 Beginning of seed imbibition sup 1 sup 03 003 Seed imbibition complete sup 1 sup 05 005 Radicle emerged from seed. sup 1 sup br Roots appearing sup 2 sup 07 007 Cotyledon breaking through seed coat sup 1 sup 09 009 Emergence cotyledon breaks through soil surface. sup 1 sup br Green shoot visible sup 2 sup 010 Cotyledon visible as hook sup 1 sup 011 Hook stage hooked cotyledon green sup 1 sup 012 Whip stage cotyledon has whip like form sup 1 sup rowspan 6 style vertical align top 1 Leaf development Main shoot 10 100 Advanced whip stage whip begins to die off sup 1 sup 11 101 First leaf 3 cm clearly visible 12 102 2nd leaf 3 cm clearly visible 13 103 3rd leaf 3 cm 1 . 10 . Stages continuous till . . . 19 109 9 or more leaves clearly visible rowspan 6 style vertical align top 4 Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts 41 401 Leaf bases begin to thicken or extend 43 403 30 of the expected bulb or shaft diameter reached 45 405 50 of the expected bulb or shaft diameter reached 47 407 Bolting begins in 10 of the plants leaves bent over sup 3 sup br 70 of the expected shaft length and diameter reached sup 4 sup 48 408 Leaves bent over in 50 of plants sup 3 sup 49 409 Leaves dead, bulb top dry dormancy sup 3 sup Growth complete length and stem diameter typical for variety reached sup 4 sup rowspan 5 style vertical align top 5 Inflorescence emergence 51 501 Onion bulb begins to elongate 53 503 30 of the expected length of flower stem reached 55 505 Flower stem at full length sheath closed 57 507 Sheath burst open 59 50 ... more details
File Asiatic Pennywort.jpg thumb right 300px Asiatic Pennywort Pennywort is a name given to several completely different plants around the world. In general they all have round leaves and a low growing plant habit habit . It may refer to In Asia the edible Centella asiatica Asiatic Pennywort , Centella asiatica , aka Gotu Kola, Luei Gong Gen, Takip kohol, Antanan, Pegagan, Pegaga, vallaarai , Kula kud, Bai Bua Bok , Brahmi, or rau m , pak nork In Europe Umbilicus rupestris Navelwort , Umbilicus rupestris formerly Cotyledon umbilicus , aka Penny pies, Wall Pennywort, or Kidney Wort, a succulent, perennial flowering plant in the stonecrop family Crassulaceae Hydrocotyle Water pennywort , the genus Hydrocotyle , aka Indian Pennywort, Marsh Penny, Thick leaved Pennywort and even White Rot, aquatic or semi aquatic plants such as the edible Hydrocotyle umbellata Dollarweed , Hydrocotyle umbellata Anemone hepatica Liver leaf , Anemone hepatica , aka liverwort Obolaria virginica Virginian Pennywort , Obolaria virginica Cymbalaria aequitriloba , tiny ivy like leaves with copious purple pink flowers with yellow throats. There is also a type with white flowers called Cymbalaria muralis Alba Compacta Disambig ... more details
taxobox name Intermediate navelwort image Umbilicus intermedius 1.JPG regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Core eudicots ordo Saxifragales familia Crassulaceae genus Umbilicus genus Umbilicus species U. intermedius binomial Umbilicus intermedius binomial authority Boiss. synonyms small Cotyledon intermedius small Intermediate navelwort or common pennywort Umbilicus intermedius is a succulent, perennial flowering plant in the stonecrop family Crassulaceae in the genus Umbilicus genus Umbilicus found in the shrublands and deserts of Israel and Lebanon . Description Intermediate navelwort grows to an average of 25 cm 10 in high. The palid spikes of bell shaped, greenish pink flowers of this plant first appear between March and June. The plant grows on shady walls or in damp rock crevices that are sparse in other plant growth, where its succulent leaves develop in rosettes. The leaves, when boiled, are said to help urinary tract infections. ref www.liebertonline.com doi abs 10.1089 act.2005.11.295 ref Sources reflist Category Umbilicus intermedius Crassulaceae stub az Umbilicus intermedius he ... more details
Caudiciform plants , or fat plants , are water retaining plant s adapted to arid climate or soil conditions. Caudiciform plants store water in their Plant stem stem bases, Plant stem stems and or root s. Many species of plant from different plant families have developed this form of storing water rather than in foliage or in fat leafless stems. Consequently, many caudiciform plants have temporary shoots and leaves that die back to the caudex or tuber at or underground when conditions become too dry and regrow once conditions improve. Many caudiciform succulents come from the dry areas of the tropics and subtropics , such as steppes , semi desert and desert . High temperatures and low Precipitation meteorology precipitation force plants to collect and store water in order to survive long dry periods. Families and genera that include caudiciform plants are Aizoaceae Sphalmanthus Apocynaceae Adenium Passifloraceae Adenia Asteracea Othonna Curcubitaceae Kedrostis Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia Crassulaceae Tylecodon formerly Cotyledon Malvaceae Adansonia Orchidaceae Oeceoclades External links http www.cssainc.org Cactus and Succulent Society of America See also Caudex Category Plant morphology botany stub uk ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Leptomyrina henningi image image width 240px image caption regnum Animalia phylum Arthropoda classis Insecta ordo Lepidoptera familia Lycaenidae tribus genus Leptomyrina species L. henningi binomial Leptomyrina henningi binomial authority Dickson, 1976 ref http www.nic.funet.fi pub sci bio life insecta lepidoptera ditrysia papilionoidea lycaenidae theclinae leptomyrina index.html Leptomyrina , Site of Markku Savela ref synonyms Henning s Black eye Leptomyrina henningi is a butterfly of the Lycaenidae family. It is found in south west Africa , Botswana and Zimbabwe . In South Africa , it is found from the Orange Free State to Gauteng , the Limpopo Province and the North West Province. The wingspan is 18.5 29 mm for males and 25 32 mm for females. Adults are on wing year round with peaks in November and March. ref Woodhall, S. Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa, Cape Town Struik Publishers, 2005. ref The larvae feed on Crassula alba and Cotyledon orbiculata . References Reflist wikispecies commons DEFAULTSORT Leptomyrina Henningi Category Lycaeninae lycaenidae stub vi Leptomyrina henningi ... more details
taxobox regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Core eudicots ordo Saxifragales familia Crassulaceae genus Sedum species S. oregonense binomial Sedum oregonense binomial authority Sereno Watson S.Watson M.Peck synonyms Cotyledon oregonensis br Gormania watsonii Sedum oregonense is a species of flowering plant in the Crassulaceae stonecrop family known by the common name cream stonecrop . It is native to the Klamath Ranges of southern Oregon and northern California , where it grows in rocky habitat. It is a succulent plant forming basal rosettes of leaves up to about 4 centimeters long. Smaller leaves occur farther up the stem. The leaves are green in color and waxy in texture. The inflorescence is an erect, wide open array of many flowers. The flowers have yellow petals with red tinged or white speckled undersides. External links http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?3284,3347,3358 Jepson Manual Treatment http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol SEOB USDA Plants Profile http www.efloras.org florataxon.aspx?flora id 1&taxon id 250092135 Flora of North America http calphotos.berkeley.edu cgi img query?query src photos index&where taxon Sedum oregonense Photo gallery Category Sedum oregonense Category Flora of California Category Flora of Oregon Crassulaceae stub az Sedum oregonense ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Chrysoritis chrysaor image image width 240px image caption regnum Animalia phylum Arthropoda classis Insecta ordo Lepidoptera familia Lycaenidae tribus genus Chrysoritis species C. chrysaor binomial Chrysoritis chrysaor binomial authority Trimen, 1864 ref http www.nic.funet.fi pub sci bio life insecta lepidoptera ditrysia papilionoidea lycaenidae theclinae chrysoritis index.html Chrysoritis , Site of Markku Savela ref synonyms Zeritis chrysaor small Trimen, 1864 small Poecilmitis lycia small Riley, 1938 small The Golden Copper or Burnished Opal Chrysoritis chrysaor is a butterfly of the Lycaenidae family. It is found in South Africa , where it is widespread in the east. The wingspan is 22 27 mm for males and 23 30 mm for females. Adults are on wing year round with peaks in November and February on high altitudes. ref Woodhall, S. Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa, Cape Town Struik Publishers, 2005. ref The larvae feed on Tylecodon paniculatus , Cotyledon orbiculata , Zygophyllum sessilifolium , Zygophyllum retrofractum , Acacia karroo and Rhus species. They are attended to by Crematogaster liengmei ants. References Reflist wikispecies commons Category Chrysoritis Theclinae stub ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Anthene millari image image width 240px image caption regnum Animalia phylum Arthropoda classis Insecta ordo Lepidoptera familia Lycaenidae tribus genus Anthene species A. millari binomial Anthene millari binomial authority Trimen, 1893 ref http www.nic.funet.fi pub sci bio life insecta lepidoptera ditrysia papilionoidea lycaenidae polyommatinae anthene index.html Anthene , Site of Markku Savela ref synonyms Lycaenesthes millari small Trimen, 1893 small Millar s Hairtail Anthene millari is a butterfly of the Lycaenidae family. It is found in South Africa and Malawi . In South Africa, it is found in the East Cape, the KwaZulu Natal midlands, Gauteng, Mpumalanga and the Limpopo Province. The wingspan is 21 24 mm for males and 22 28 mm for females. Adults are on wing from October to January, with a peak in November. There is a single extended generation per year. ref Woodhall, S. Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa, Cape Town Struik Publishers, 2005. ref The larvae probably feed on Kalanchoe and Cotyledon species. References Reflist wikispecies commons Category Lycaeninae lycaenidae stub vi Anthene millari ... more details
Wiktionary cot TOCright Cot , COT or CoT , may refer to Beds A camp bed , a simple, temporary and portable bed A baby s infant bed See cot side for beds with raised sides Transportation Car of Tomorrow , a new car design by NASCAR Cottingley railway station , National Rail station code COT RAF Cottesmore Flying Training Unit, United Kingdom ICAO airline designator Math and Science Cot analysis , a biochemical technique that measures how much repetitive DNA is in a genome Cotangent , trigonometric function cot Cotyledon , a significant part of the embryo within the seed of a plant Cyclooctatetraene , an unsaturated hydrocarbon, and cyclooctatetraenyl, a functional group in chemistry derived from it, both abbreviated COT People Comando de Opera es T ticas , a Brazilian counter terrorism force Pierre Auguste Cot 1837&ndash 1883 , French painter of the Academic Classicism school Acronyms Time in Colombia Colombian Time , the time offset used in Colombia corresponds yearlong to UTC 5 Commitments of Traders COT Report, issued weekly by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission summarizing market activity Crossroads of Twilight , is the tenth book of The Wheel of Time fantasy series written by American author Robert Jordan Change Over Time , an academic journal published by the University of Pennsylvania Press Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment, a UK official body Court of the Table of Insurance sales persons who achieve three times the requirements for membership of the Million Dollar Round Table Other Malbec grapes, known in the Loire Valley as C t A finger cot , a hygienic cover for a single finger See also Khat , a drug disambiguation bg de Cot es COT eo COT fr Cot it COT nl Cot ja COT ro Cot dezambiguizare zh COT ... more details
taxobox image Castanopsis cuspidata SZ2.png regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Rosids ordo Fagales familia Fagaceae genus Castanopsis species C. cuspidata binomial Castanopsis cuspidata binomial authority Carl Peter Thunberg Thunb. Ernst Max Schottky Schottky synonyms Pasania cuspidata small Thunb. Oerst. small br Pasaniopsis cuspidata small Thunb. Kud small br Quercus cuspidata small Thunb. small Castanopsis cuspidata Japanese Chinquapin Japanese language Japanese shii , wiktionary is a species of Castanopsis native to southern Japan and southern Korea . It is a medium sized evergreen tree growing to 20 30 m tall, related to beech and oak . The leaf leaves are 5 9 cm long and 2 4 cm broad, leathery in texture, with an entire or irregularly toothed margin. It grows in woods and ravines, especially near the sea. The cotyledon of the Nut fruit nut is eaten boiled or roasted. Its dead wood serves as host to many mushroom types, including the eponymous Shiitake . External links cite web url http apps.kew.org wcsp title WCSP work World Checklist of Selected Plant Families enter Castanopsis cuspidata in search box . http www.pfaf.org database plants.php?Castanopsis cuspidata Plants for a Future Castanopsis cuspidata Category Castanopsis cuspidata Category Edible nuts and seeds Fagales stub es Castanopsis cuspidata fr Castanopsis cuspidata ja su Castanopsis cuspidata fi Castanopsis cuspidata ... more details
Cleanup date July 2008 Image Root primordia.JPG thumb 250px right Root primordia brown spots as seen on the butt of a freshly cut pineapple crown intended for vegetative reproduction . A primordium plural primordia , in embryology , is defined as an organ or tissue in its earliest recognizable stage of development. ref http www.medterms.com script main art.asp?articlekey 33809 MedicineNet.com ref Cells of the primordium are called primordial cells A primordium can be considered the simplest set of initial conditions capable of triggering growth. Within any meristem are minute primordia that resemble knobby outgrowths or ribbed inverted cones. Primordium development in plants Primordial development in plants is critical to the proper positioning and development of plant organs. Different primordial types like the leaf and flower primordia arise from the shoot lateral meristem . The process is intricately regulated by a set of genes that affect the positioning, growth and Differentiation biology differentiation of the primordium. The plant hormone auxin has also been implicated in this process, with the new primordia being initiated at the placenta where the auxin concentration is the highest. Genes like STM shoot meristem less and CUC cup shaped cotyledon are involved in defining the borders of the newly formed primordium. ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?db pubmed&uid 16271866&cmd showdetailview&indexed google Heisler et al., Patterns of auxin transport and gene expression during primordial development revealed by live imaging of the Arabidopsis inflorescence meristem, Current Biology, 2005, Vol. 15, pp 1899 1911 ref References reflist See also Anlage biology Anlage Morphogenesis Category Plant morphology botany stub developmental biology stub es Primordio fa fr Primordium ... more details
italic title taxobox name Villadia regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Core eudicots ordo Saxifragales familia Crassulaceae subfamilia Sedoideae tribus Sedeae subtribus Sedinae genus Villadia genus authority Rose subdivision ranks Species subdivision See text. synonyms Altamiranoa small Rose small Villadia is a genus biology genus of family biology family Crassulaceae . It includes about 25 to 30 species distributed from Texas to Peru . Synonyms Altamiranoa was a genus of the Crassulaceae , that Joseph Nelson Rose proposed in the early 1900 s for 12 Mexican species, three described as new and nine formerly in Cotyledon , Sedum , or Umbilicus genus Umbilicus . The name was dedicated to Fernando Altamirano , a Mexican physician, botanist and naturalist that co worked with J. N. Rose. Baehni 1937 united the genus Altamiranoa with Villadia , but Walther 1938 refuted the argument and proposed the combined genus be called species of Altamiranoa are best dispersed in Sedum genus, but maintained the differences with Villadia genus. Species listed under Altamiranoa include Altamiranoa albiflora Villadia albiflora Altamiranoa alpina Altamiranoa batesii Villadia batesii Altamiranoa berillonana Altamiranoa calcicola Altamiranoa chihuahuensis Sedum chihuahuensis Altamiranoa cucullata Villadia cucullata Altamiranoa decipiens Altamiranoa diffusa Altamiranoa dyvrandae Altamiranoa elongata Sedum jurgensenii Altamiranoa erecta Altamiranoa ericoides Altamiranoa fusca Altamiranoa galeottiana Altamiranoa goldmanii Sedum goldmanii Altamiranoa grandyi Sedum grandyi Altamiranoa guatemalensis Villadia guatemalensis Altamiranoa hemsleyana Altamiranoa imbricata Villadia imbricata Altamiranoa incarum Villadia incarum Altamiranoa jurgensenii Sedum jurgensenii Altamiranoa levis Altamiranoa mexicana Altamiranoa minutiflora Villadia minutiflora Altamiranoa montana Altamiranoa necaxana Altamiranoa nelsonii Villadia nelsonii Altamiranoa batesii Altami ... more details
italic title taxobox name Dudleya caespitosa image Dudleya caespitosa 5.jpg regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Core eudicots ordo Saxifragales familia Crassulaceae genus Dudleya species D. caespitosa binomial Dudleya caespitosa binomial authority Adrian Hardy Haworth Haw. Nathaniel Lord Britton Britt. & Joseph Nelson Rose Rose synonyms Dudleya cespitosa br Dudleya cotyledon Dudleya caespitosa is a succulent plant known by several common names, including Sealettuce , Sand lettuce , and Coast dudleya . It is Endemism endemic to California , where it grows along the coastline in the southern half of the state. Description This dudleya starts from a rosette up to 20 centimeters wide, containing up to 30 leaves. The leaves are fleshy, pale green, and cone shaped to oblong, one or two centimeters wide and almost a centimeter thick. The stem is a caudex which grows erect up to about 20 centimeters in height before branching into the inflorescence . Its color is variable, from green to red and yellow shades. At the top is a tall inflorescence which may hold 10 or 15 flowers on each of several branches. The flowers are bright yellow with pointed petals. gallery Image Dudleya caespitosa 2.jpg leaves Image Dudleya caespitosa 3.jpg inflorescence Image Dudleya caespitosa 7.jpg flowers gallery See also California coastal sage and chaparral ecoregion California coastal sage and chaparral subecoregion External links http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?3284,3295,3307 Jepson Manual Treatment http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol DUCA4 USDA Plants Profile http calphotos.berkeley.edu cgi img query?query src photos index&where taxon Dudleya caespitosa Photo gallery Crassulaceae stub Category Dudleya caespitosa Category Endemic flora of California Category Flora of California chaparral and woodlands Category Garden plants of North America Category Drought tolerant plants az Dudleya caespitosa es Dudleya caespitosa ... more details
primarysources date July 2010 Infobox NPO organization name Farmers Without Borders organization logo organization type Non profit organization Non profit , Interest group founded December 2007 location Global, Headquarters in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada homepage http www.farmerswithoutborders.org Farmers Without Borders FWB is a non governmental organization which defines itself as a farmer led organization with a mission to support struggling agricultural communities in developing regions and strengthen regenerative agriculture around the globe. Overview FWB defines its vision of the future as a world where farmers thrive through the ecologically sound production of nutritious food and are empowered to help other farmers, strengthen their communities and preserve the environment. http www.farmerswithoutborders.org about.html The organization s values are defined with reference to agro ecological principles and includes as core concepts the following organic farming practices, food sovereignty , food localism, fair trade and human rights . http www.farmerswithoutborders.org about.html FWB was founded in 2007 by a small group of organic farmers and sustainable international development advocates in Canada. The organization is in what it calls its cotyledon stage , developing its organizational capacity and undertaking its initial projects in 2008. http www.farmerswithoutborders.org 2008.html The Constitution of FWB requires that a majority of the Board of Directors be farmers. Anyone who shares the mission, vision and values of the organization can become full members at no charge. Membership is as either a Farmer Member or as a General Member. The Constitution also includes provisions for members in any region to create their own Section of FWB. Earlier projects associated with this name exist. For example, a group in France that was associated with the anti globalization movement, made use of the name Fermiers Sans Frontires Farmers Without Borders in the l ... more details
taxobox image Lewisialeana1.jpg regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Core eudicots ordo Caryophyllales familia Portulacaceae genus Lewisia species L. leeana binomial Lewisia leeana binomial authority Porter B.L.Rob. Lewisia leeana orthographical variant orth.var. L. leana is a species of flowering plant in the Portulacaceae purslane family known by the common name quill leaf lewisia . It is native to California and Oregon , where it grows in the mountains of the Sierra Nevada U.S. Sierra Nevada and Klamath Mountains Klamath Ranges . This is a perennial herb growing from narrow, woody taproot connected to one or more caudex caudices . It produces a basal rosette of many fleshy flat to cylindrical blunt tipped leaves up to 4 centimeters long. The inflorescence bears many flowers on erect, branching stems up to about 24 centimeters tall. Each flower has 5 to 8 white, pink, or purplish petals each about half a centimeter long. This plant is named for Lambert Wilmer Lee, who collected it in the Siskiyou Mountains just south of the Oregon border in 1876. ref http www.calflora.net botanicalnames pageLA LE.html CalFlora Botanical Names ref It commonly Hybrid biology hybridizes with Lewisia cotyledon in the wild, producing Lewisia x whiteae . ref http www.efloras.org florataxon.aspx?flora id 1&taxon id 242415773 Flora of North America ref References reflist External links http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?6318,6362,6374 Jepson Manual Treatment http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol LELE8 USDA Plants Profile http calphotos.berkeley.edu cgi img query?query src photos index&where taxon Lewisia leeana Photo gallery Category Lewisia leeana Category Flora of California Category Flora of Oregon Caryophyllales stub ... more details
taxobox name image image caption regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Asterids ordo Gentianales familia Apocynaceae genus Lacmellea species Lacmellea panamensis binomial L. panamensis binomial authority Robert Everard Woodson Woodson Friedrich Markgraf Markgf. Lacmellea panamensis is a species of tree in the Apocynaceae family. It is a medium sized tree, with a straight trunk, that is scattered with conical spines that are rather blunt, a distinctive feature of the species. Its leaves are around convert 10 cm in long, spaced evenly along branches, simple in shape, dark green and if damaged produce a white latex . Their flowers are white and around convert 3 cm in long thin tubes and develop into yellow berries of 3 cm in diameter. ref name ConditP rez2010 cite book author1 Richard Condit author2 Rolando P rez author3 Nefertaris Daguerre title Trees of Panama and Costa Rica url http books.google.com books?id TqlGnkl8rPIC&pg PA64 accessdate 20 February 2011 date 8 November 2010 publisher Princeton University Press isbn 9780691147109 pages 64 ref ref cite web url http www.discoverlife.org mp 20q?search Lacmellea panamensis title Lacmellea panamensis publisher Discover Life accessdate 2011 02 20 ref Its seeds weigh around convert 0.25 g oz and when they germinate the cotyledon s remains underground, acting as an energy store. In an artificial experiment, 80 of seedlings were able to survive having their leaves removed, or being placed in deep shade 0.08 of full sunlight , making them relatively shade tolerance shade tolerant . ref name myers cite doi 10.1111 j.1365 2745.2006.01207.x ref References Reflist External links http www.discoverlife.org mp 20q?search Lacmellea panamensis Lacmellea panamensis at Discover Life, including photographs. Category Apocynaceae Category Flora of Panama ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Cerotoma trifurcata regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a ordo Beetle Coleoptera classis Insect a familia Chrysomelidae genus Cerotoma species C. trifurcata binomial Cerotoma trifurcata binomial authority Forster, 1771 synonyms Chrysomela trifurcata Forster, 1771 Cerotoma trifurcata also known as the Bean leaf beetle ref http www.hubhip.com Science Biology Flora and Fauna Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Common name ref is a species of beetle in the Chrysomelidae family that can be found in the Eastern United States Eastern and West United States . ref http www.texasento.net Cerotoma.htm Distribution ref Description Adult beetles are 3.5 5.5 mm in lengh, and have a punctated elytron at their posterior region. The colour is orange colour orange with four black spots on its wings, but could come in red and yellow colour as well. The head is always black. ref http www.insectsofwestvirginia.net b cerotoma trifurcata.html Description ref Habitat and Ecology The beetle feeds mostly on vegetables that are in the cotyledon stage, such as cucumber s, cucurbit s, pumpkin , and squash . ref cite web url http www.mendeley.com research confirmation bean leaf beetle cerotoma trifurcata feeding cucurbits title Cerotoma trifurcata author R L Koch, E C Burkness, W D Hutchison publisher University of Arizona Library accessdate April 14, 2012 work Confirmation of bean leaf beetle, Cerotoma trifurcata, feeding on cucurbits ref It also consumes legume s. ref http www.ento.okstate.edu ddd insects beanleafbeetle.htm Legume consumption ref References Reflist Category Chrysomelidae Chrysomelidae stub ... more details
Use dmy dates date March 2012 Use British English date March 2012 Other people2 John Martyn File John Martyn from NPG.jpg right thumb Portrait of John Martyn File Historia Plantarum Rariorum00.jpg frameless right File Cotyledon africana00.jpg thumb center Cotyledon africana Burm.f. ex Steud. center center from Historia plantarum rariorum center John Martyn or Joannis Martyn 12 September 1699 29 January 1768 was an England English botanist . ref cite journal title MARTYN , JOHN 1699 1768 journal Dictionary of national biography, volume 36 year 1893 pages pages 317 319 url http books.google.com books?id yUJAAAAIAAJ&pg PA317 ref Martyn s is best known for his Historia Plantarum Rariorum 1728 1737, illustrated by Jacob van Huysum , and his translation, with valuable agricultural and botanical notes, of the Eclogues 1749 and Georgics 1741 of Virgil . Martyn was born in London , the son of a merchant. He attended a school in the vicinity of his home, and when he turned 16, worked for his father, intending to follow a business career. He abandoned this idea in favour of medical and botanical studies. His interest in botany came from his acquaintance with an apothecary, John Wilmer, and Dr. Patrick Blair surgeon Patrick Blair , a surgeon apothecary from Dundee who practiced in London. Martyn gave some botanical lectures in London in 1721 and 1726, and in 1727 was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London . Martyn was one of the founders with Johann Jacob Dillenius and others and the secretary of a botanical society which met for a few years in the Rainbow Coffee house, Watling Street he also started the Grub Street Journal , a weekly satirical review, which lasted from 1730 to 1737. In 1732 he was appointed professor of botany at University of Cambridge Cambridge University , but, finding little encouragement and hampered by a lack of equipment, he soon ceased lecturing. He retained his professorship, however, till 1768, when he resigned in favour of his son Thomas. O ... more details
of the concept is a matter of convenience in any given context. Cotyledon s as cataphylls File Acer ... splits to make the two leaves look like many. Cotyledon s are widely regarded as a class of cataphyll, though many kinds of cotyledon function as living tissue and remain alive till the end of their function ... begins to germinate. Some, such as the cotyledon s of many legume s, Pinophyta conifers , and Cucurbitaceae ... more details
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