Countersign may refer to one of the following Countersign military , a sign used by a sentry or guard. Countersign legal , the writing of a second signature onto a document. disambig ... more details
In military terminology, a countersign is a sign, word, or any other signal previously agreed upon and required to be exchanged between a wikt sentry sentry or guard and anybody approaching his or her post. The term usually encompasses both the sign given by the approaching party as well as the sentry s reply. However, in some armies, the countersign is strictly the reply of the sentry to the password given by the person approaching. A well known sign countersign is that used by the Allied forces on D Day during World War II the challenge sign was flash , the password thunder , and the countersign to challenge the person giving the first code word Welcome . ref http books.google.com books?id CSKJVDBWlSkC&pg PA40&lpg PA40 D Day By Jon E. Lewis, Lord Carver , p. 40 ref Obfuscation The signs are often worked into a sentence in some way, nominally to obfuscate which words are key in case there are spies nearby. An example would be the sign blue and the countersign moon . The approacher might say, I m feeling blue today... got any ideas of how I could cheer up? The sentry could reply with, Well, you could always moon somebody. In actuality it would be easy to figure out what the words are, although this method is better than shouting the words plainly. Presumably this effect is multiplied when the listener doesn t speak the language. In computer networks A similar technique is becoming common in computer networking , particularly for banking web sites. For example as in Bank of America s SiteKey system , a user might enter his or her user ID, but withhold the corresponding password until the server replied to the user ID with a previously agreed upon phrase and or image. So long as the connection is secure, and the user can choose from a wide range of phrases and or images in the set up process, he she can be confident that he she is signing on to the legitimate site, rather than to a Phishing spoofed one . In literature The opening lines of William Shakespeare s play Hamlet ... more details
Countersigning means writing a second signature onto a document. For example, a contract or other official document signed by the representative of a company may be countersigned by his supervisor to verify the Agency law authority of the representative . Also, a money order or other financial instrument may be signed once upon receipt, then signed again by the same person when presented for payment, as an indication that the bearer is the same person who originally received the item, and not a thief who has stolen the item before it could be carried to the place where it was to be presented. An example of where a countersignature is needed is with UK passport applications. ref citeweb url http www.ips.gov.uk passport apply countersign.asp author UK Identity and Passport Service title Who can countersign my application? Dead link date April 2011 ref In some constitutional monarchy constitutional monarchies and parliamentary republic parliamentary republics , an order by the head of state monarch or president is not valid unless countersigned by the prime minister or, in case of promulgation of a parliamentary resolution, the speaker of parliament. References reflist law stub Category Authentication methods Category Legal documents bg cs Kontrasignace ko lt Kontrasignacija ja no Kontrasignatur ru uk ... more details
The 1843 Constitution of Haiti was enacted on December 30, 1843, during the administration of Charles H rard ain . ref name Leger1907 cite book author Jacques Nicolas L ger title Haiti, her history and her detractors url http books.google.com books?id YakaAAAAMAAJ&pg PA193 year 1907 publisher The Neale Pub. Co page 193 PD notice ref The constitution contained many important innovations. The judges were to be elected by the people, instead of being appointed by the President all offenses, either criminal, political, or by the press, were to be submitted to trials by jury . Presidency for life was abolished the term of the Chief of the Executive Power was limited to four years and no measure could be adopted by the President without the Countersign legal countersign of the proper Minister. The right to introduce laws was conferred on the House of Representatives and on the Senate as well as on the President. Matters concerning the communes and the Arrondissements of Haiti arrondissements were in charge of the municipalities and the arrondissement councils. An estimate of the revenues and expenses was to be voted annually a Court of Accounts was instituted. The Armed Forces of Haiti Army was declared a law abiding body and strict measures were enacted in view of guaranteeing personal freedom and respect of property. ref name Leger1907 References reflist Category Politics of Haiti Category Defunct constitutions Haiti haiti stub ... more details
The Comptroller of the Treasury was an official of the United States Department of the Treasury from 1789 to 1817. According to section III of the Act of Congress establishing the Treasury Department, it is the comptroller s duty to superintend the adjustment and preservation of the public accounts to examine all accounts settled by the Auditor , and certify the balances arising thereon to the Register of the Treasury Register to countersign all Warrant law warrant s drawn by the Secretary of the Treasury , which shall be warranted by law to report to the Secretary the official forms of all papers to be issued in the different offices for collecting the public revenue , and the manner and form of keeping and stating the accounts of the several persons employed therein. He shall moreover provide for the regular and punctual payment of all monies which may be collected, and shall direct prosecution s for all delinquencies of officers of the revenue, and for debt s that are, or shall be due to the United States. The first person to hold this office was Oliver Wolcott, Jr. . It was also held for a time by Gabriel Duvall , who would later serve on the Supreme Court of the United States . The office was later several times renamed. It was the First Comptroller of the Treasury 1817 20 , the Agent of the Treasury 1820 30 , and Solicitor of the United States Treasury Solicitor of the Treasury 1830 1934 , and is now the Office of the General Counsel for the Department of the Treasury Office of the General Counsel . External links http www.ustreas.gov education fact sheets history act congress.html Fact sheet on the Act of Congress establishing the Treasury Department US gov stub Category Comptrollers of the United States Treasury ... more details
identifying the alphabets by means of an agreed upon countersign or keyword off line. He also taught ... called countersign, placed over the plaintext. With reference to the table, one substitutes the plaintext ... letter of the countersign. Enciphering tt VIRTVTIOMNIAPARENT VIRTVTIOMNIAPARENT VI Countersign tt tt ... tt Deciphering tt VIRTVTIOMNIAPARENT VIRTVTIOMNIAPARENT VI Countersign tt tt SYBOVEYLDANVOFSZLP ..., one every three consonants tt RMQA CNTU PSBI DFGE HLXO YZ tt Long countersign tt Qui confidunt in Domino etc... tt Enciphering tt QQQQ UUUU IIII ... Countersign tt tt Giul ioCe sare ... Plaintext ... inventions Encipher and decipher with a single countersign. Connect the words by an X or a Y ... more details
United States Senate Rule II of the Standing Rules of the United States Senate , established by the United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration , governs presentation of credential s and Raise a question of privilege questions of privilege . Credentials Paragraph 1 by the Committee on Rules and Administration, addresses the credentials of a Senator elect or Senator designate. This also states that any questions of privilege be in order. The exception is during the reading and correction of the United States Senate Journal Senate Journal , while a question of order or a Motion democracy motion to adjourn is pending, or while the Senate is voting or ascertaining the presence of a quorum and all questions and motions arising or made upon the presentation of such credentials shall be proceeded with until disposed of. Recording certifications Paragraph 2 states that the Secretary of the United States Senate Secretary of the Senate shall keep a record of the certificates of election and certificates of appointment of Senators. This is to be done by entering in a wellbound book and kept for that purpose the date of the election or appointment, the name of the person elected or appointed, the date of the certificate, the name of the governor and the secretary of state signing and Countersign legal countersigning the same, and the State from which such Senator is elected or appointed. Notification of appointment Paragraph 3 states the Secretary of the Senate shall send copies of the following recommended forms to the Governor United States governor and Secretary of state U.S. state government secretary of state of each U.S. state state wherein an election is about to take place or an appointment is to be made so that they may use such forms if they see fit. References US Senate Rule URL Rules of The United States Senate US Senate Rule URL II United States Senate U.S. Senate Rule II DEFAULTSORT Standing Rules Of The United States Senate, Rule Ii Category Standi ... more details
The Namiestnik or Viceroy of the Kingdom of Poland lang pl namiestnik Kr lestwa Polskiego was the deputy of the King of Poland Tsar of Poland i.e., the deputy of the Emperor of Russia who, under Congress Poland 1815 74 , styled himself King of Poland. Between 1874 and 1914, when the former Congress Poland was known as the Vistula Country , the title Namestnik Namiestnik was replaced by that of Governor General of Warsaw lang pl Genera gubernator warszawski . Ref label a a none History The office of Namestnik Namiestnik was introduced in Poland by the Constitution of Congress Poland 1815 , in its Article 3 On the Namiestnik and Council of State . The namiestnik was chosen by the Tsar from among the noble citizens of the Russian Empire or the Kingdom of Poland, excluding Naturalization naturalized citizens. The namiestnik supervised the entire public administration and, in the monarch s absence, chaired the Council of State of Congress Poland , as well as the Administrative Council of Congress Poland . He could veto the councils decisions other than that, his decisions had to be Countersign legal countersign ed by the appropriate Minister government government minister . The namiestnik exercised broad powers and could nominate candidates for most senior government posts ministers, senator s, judges of the High Tribunal, councilors of state, referendary referendaries , as well as bishop s and archbishop s . The namiestnik had no competence in the realms of finances and foreign policy his military competence varied. Ref label b b none In the event that the namiestnik were unable to exercise his office due to resignation or death, this function would be temporarily carried out by the president of the Council of State. The office of namiestnik was never officially abolished however, after the January Uprising January 1863 Uprising it disappeared along with the Congress Kingdom. The last namiestnik was Friedrich Wilhelm Rembert von Berg , who served from 1863 to his death ... more details
In insurance , a managing general agent is defined legally as an individual or business entity appointed by an insurer to solicit applications from agents for insurance contracts or to negotiate insurance contracts on behalf of an insurer and, if authorized to do so by an insurer, to effectuate and countersign insurance contracts . This particular wording is from Kentucky Revised Statutes. ref cite web work Kentucky Revised Statutes title Chapter 304 Subtitle 9 § 085 Managing general agent url http lrc.ky.gov. KRS 304 09 085.PDF format PDF date 2008 11 13 accessdate 2008 12 28 publisher Kentucky Legislative Research Commission ref Similar wordings can be found in the statutes of Oklahoma, Idaho, Arizona, Nevada, Wyoming, Florida, and Alabama. In the U.S. and Canada, managing general agents act as a fronting system for insurers, allowing filings to be made and proofs of insurance to be given in each other s jurisdictions. ref cite book title Insurance Regulation in North America author Bradly J. Condon, Joyce C. Sadka, and Tapen Sinha pages 17 publisher Kluwer Law International year 2003 isbn 9041122265 isbn13 9789041122261 ref Depending on the appointment, a managing general agent may perform one of many tasks normally performed by an insurer. These include but are not limited to, sub contracting with independent agents for placement of business, negotiating commissions, handling claims, issuing policies, processing endorsements, collecting policy premiums or being responsible for completion of regulatory reports for state or federal agencies. Historically Managing General Agents came about when insurance companies located in eastern United States in the late 19th century and early 20th century, primarily New York, wanted to expand their markets to the Western U.S., yet didn t have the resources to open a regional or local office. Managing General Agents filled that need by providing local and knowledgeable resources who were able to properly underwrite the risk ... more details
Juan de Quevedo Bejori , c. 1450 Barcelona , December 24, 1519 was a Spain Spanish Franciscan priest and bishop. His antecedents are unknown. At the request of Ferdinand II of Aragon King Ferdinand , husband of Queen Isabella of Spain Queen Isabella , Pope Leo X , on August 28, 1513, appointed Quevedo bishop of Santa Maria de la Antigua , or Dari n Province Darien , on the Isthmus of Panama Isthmus , and he thus became the first bishop on the mainland of America. Accompanied by several Franciscans, Bishop Quevedo on April 12, 1514, embarked at San Lucar with Pedrarias D vila , who had been named governor of Darien. The expedition reached its destination June 30. Conflict between Quevedo and Pedrarias soon ensued. The bishop reacted strongly against cruel acts committed by the governor and his officers, not only against the Indians, but also against rivals, such as the beheading of Vasco Nu ez de Balboa , the discoverer of the Pacific Ocean . Charges were also brought against Quevedo Bartolom de Las Casas accused him of having violated a trust, accumulated wealth, and neglected the Indians, but the veracity of Las Casas accusations has not been established. Quevedo returned to Spain in 1518 and presented two memorials to King Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Charles . One was against Pedrarias, and the other advocated restricting the powers of all governors in the New World for the better protection of the natives. When these documents were shown to Las Casas, in spite of differences between the two, he offered to countersign them. Bishop Quevedo soon fell sick and died at Barcelona. In spite of Quevedo s record as a champion of the rights of Indigenous peoples of the Americas Native Americans , his views were still coloured by his time and his missionary fervour. He regarded all the aborigines of America to be a race of men whom it would be impossible to instruct or improve unless they were collected in villages or missions and kept under continual supervision. Extern ... more details
The Battle of Gisors September 27, 1198 was a skirmish fought in Courcelles l s Gisors , Oise , Picardie , part of the on going fighting between Richard I of England and Philip Augustus of France that lasted from 1194 to Richard s death in April 1199. The earlier conflict restarted after the truce between the two kings&mdash just long enough to see the harvest in, according to the chronicler Roger of Hoveden &mdash expired. Both kings invaded and pillaged each other s territory, causing great suffering to the local population by having their captives eyes put out. Richard advanced through French territory by capturing several castles, most notably, the castle of Courcelles of which the imposing unique oval donjon remains and the stronghold at Burris. The French king tried to recapture Courcelles as he marched from Mante with 300 knights and a gathering of footsoldiers and citizens. The two forces met, after the Frankish army which was superior in numbers changed directions and advanced towards Gisors. The English defeated the French and captured many prominent knights, as well as riderless horses. The French fled the field by crossing the bridge at the town of Gisors, which broke down under their weight, and the king of France, as we have heard say, had to drink of the river Richard reported to the Bishop of Durham with the French king struggling for his life, his troops managed to pull him out of the water. The impregnable fortress of Gisors remained in French hands, nevertheless. The battle was followed by another temporary truce, made at Vernon. Allegedly, before Gisors, Richard coined as countersign the parole of the day to tell friend from foe, Dieu et mon droit , a denial of his fealty to the King of France, that he owed his kingdom&mdash and Normandy, Aquitaine and Anjou&mdash to God and his right alone. External links http www.deremilitari.org resources sources hoveden.htm The Annals of Roger of Hoveden London, 1853 , Henry T. Riley . Roger quotes at length ... more details
File Lamberg Ferenc 1791 1848.jpg thumb right Count Franz Philipp von Lamberg br Lithography of Josef Kriehuber . Count Franz Philipp von Lamberg lang hu Lamberg Ferenc F l p , November 30, 1791 September 28, 1848 Austria n soldier and statesman, was born in M r Moor , Hungary . He held the military rank of Feldmarschallleutnant . He entered the third Uhlan regiment in 1810. He served in the War of the Sixth Coalition 1813 1814 . In 1834 he was promoted to the rank of major. After 32 years of military service, in 1842 he was assigned the rank of Feldmarschallleutnant . In 1848, the circumstance that, as a member of the upper eschelons of the Hungarian nobility, he had been entrusted with Hungarian relations with Austria brought him the difficult, but also distinguished, assignment as imperial commissioner charged with bringing about a peaceful adjustment between the emperor and the people. But before his arrival in Budapest Pest , Kossuth had incited the legislature to forbid his taking office as palatine of Hungary, and the army was instructed not to obey him. His assignment was without ministerial countersign. After his arrival in Pest, and a short and fruitless discussion with Johann Hrabowsky General Hrabowsky , he took a cab to a fortification. While crossing the Danube on the pontoon bridge, a mob which had been advised of his arrival fell upon the cab, murdered Lamberg, mutilated the body, and triumphantly carried it, impaled on scythe s, to the disabled soldiers home. Lamberg s death marked a turning point in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 , as the Imperial Court in Vienna decided to dissolve the Hungarian Parliament and send in the troops of Josip Jela i into Hungary. clear References File M r Palace.jpg thumb right Lamberg Castle in M r . de ADB 17 537 537 Lamberg, Franz Philipp Graf von Adolf Schinzl ADB Lamberg, Franz Graf von sterreichischer Feldmarschall NDB 13 429 430 Lamberg, Franz Graf von Peter Broucek Carl Schurz , Lebenserinnerungen bis zum J ... more details
while making a purchase, the purchaser should, in the presence of the payee, date and countersign legal countersign the cheque in the indicated space, usually on the cheque s lower portion if at a restaurant ... more details
Anastasios Polyzoidis lang el , 1802 1873 was a Greeks Greek politician and judicial official. He was born in Melnik, Bulgaria Melnik , Ottoman empire nowadays in Bulgaria , where he graduated local Greece Greek school. From 1818 he was studying law, history and social studies in Vienna , G ttingen and Berlin . At the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence , he interrupted his studies and returned to Greece . After a series of adventures he reached Trieste , and from there he passed to Missolonghi along with some philhellenes . In Missolonghi he cooperated with Alexandros Mavrokordatos and was set in several gubernatorial positions secretary of executive in the Provisional Administration of Greece. He took part in the First National Assembly at Epidaurus First Greek National Assembly at Epidaurus . There, almost on his own, he wrote the new state s Greek Constitution of 1822 constitution and the declaration of 15 January 1822, which informed the Europe an powers, allied in the Holy League , that the revolution was national and not social. In 1823 he was in charge of the committee, which was sent in London for the negotiation of a public loan. In 1827, he was elected representative in the Third National Assembly at Troezen National Convention at Troezen and in October of the same year, he went to Paris , in order to continue his studies. Returning from Paris , Polyzoidis found himself pitted against the autocratic government of Governor Ioannis Kapodistrias , and soon passed into the opposition, editing the newspaper Apollon , printed at Hydra, Saronic Islands Hydra . In 1832 was nominated by the Bavarian regency as president of a five member court of Nafplio , which had to judge Theodoros Kolokotronis , Dimitrios Plapoutas and other former leaders of the War of Independence on trumped up charges of treason. Polyzoidis, together with fellow judge Georgios Tertsetis , knowing very well the innocence of the defendants, refused to countersign th ... more details
by the President of the Senate President Senate of Thailand of the Senate . Countersign the King ... Council and Regent of Thailand . Countersign the Royal Command for the amendment of the 1924 Palace ..., then countersigning it. Countersign the King s appointment of the Leader of the Opposition Thailand ... more details
of the National Assembly of Thailand must countersign the President s appointment and removal ... the president of the National Assembly that will then countersign such amendment. Vacancy ... more details
refimprove date June 2010 Lettres de cachet IPA fr l t d ka were letters signed by the List of French monarchs king of France , Countersign legal countersigned by one of his ministers, and closed with the royal seal , or cachet . They contained orders directly from the king, often to enforce arbitrary actions and judgments that could not be appeal ed. In the case of organized bodies lettres de cachet were issued for the purpose of preventing assembly or to accomplish some other definite act. The provincial estates were convoked in this manner, and it was by a lettre de cachet in this case, a lettre de jussipri , or by showing in person in a lit de justice , that the king ordered a parlement to register a law in the teeth of its own refusal to pass it. The best known lettres de cachet , however, were penal, by which a subject was sentenced without trial law trial and without an opportunity of defense to imprisonment in a state prison or an ordinary jail, confinement in a convent or a hospital , transportation to the colonies, or expulsion to another part of the realm. The wealthy sometimes bought such lettres to dispose of unwanted individuals. In this respect, the lettres de cachet were a prominent symbol of the abuses of the ancien r gime monarchy , and as such were suppressed during the French Revolution . History Image Bastille lettre 1759.jpg thumb Lettre de cachet ordering Jean Fran ois Marmontel s detention at the Bastille, signed by Louis XV of France Louis XV in 1759 The power to issue lettres de cachet was a royal privilege recognized by the French monarchic civil law that developed during the 13th century, as the House of Capet Capetian monarchy overcame its initial distrust of Roman law . The principle can be traced to a maxim which furnished a text of the Pandects of Justinian I Justinian in their Latin version, Rex solutus est a legibus , or The king is released from the laws. The French legal scholars interpreted the imperial office of the Justinia ... more details
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