one source date March 2012 Image Octopus sucker deformity.jpg thumb 220px A deformed sucker cluster on an arm of an octopus Citations missing date April 2008 A deformity , dysmorphism , or dysmorphic feature is a major difference in the shape of body part or organ compared to the average shape of that part. Causes Deformity may arise from numerous causes Genetic mutation Damage to the fetus or uterus Complications at childbirth birth A growth or hormone disorder Reconstructive surgery following a severe injury e.g. Third degree burn burn injury . Arthritis and other rheumatoid disorders Deformity can occur in non humans, as well. Frogs can be mutated due to Ribeiroia Trematoda infection. Mortality In many cases in which a major deformity is present at birth, it is the result of an underlying condition severe enough that the baby does not survive very long. The mortality of severely deformed births may be due to a range of complications including missing or non functioning vital organs, structural defects that prevent breathing or eating, and high susceptibility to injuries or infections that lead to death. In mythology Mythological creatures may have been created due to a deformative syndrome also, for instance, descriptions of mermaid s may be related to the symptoms of sirenomelia . The Irish Mythology includes the Fomorians , who are almost without exception described as being deformed, possessing only one of what most have two of human eye eye s, arm s, Human leg leg s, etc. or having larger than normal limbs. See also Commonscat Congenital diseases and disorders Deformity Congenital abnormality Body dysmorphic disorder Disfigurement Polymelia Teratology References C.Michael Hogan. 2010. http www.eoearth.org article Mutation?topic 49496 Mutation . ed. E.Monosson and C.J.Cleveland. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Washington DC Category Human appearance Category Syndromes Med stub da Vanskabning de Deformit t es Deformidad ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 736 , ICD9 755 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D006226 A hand deformity is a disorder of the hand that can be congenital or acquired. An example is Madelung s deformity . medicine stub Acquired deformities Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system Category Congenital disorders of musculoskeletal system ... more details
Infobox disease Name Valgus deformity Image valgus.jpg Caption Valgus Deformity MRI and photograph DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 M 21 0 m 20 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID In orthopedics , a valgus deformity is a term for outward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint . The opposite deformation, medial deviation of the distal bone, is called varus deformity varus . The terms varus and valgus always refer to the direction that the distal segment of the joint points. For a discussion of the etymology of these words, see the entry under varus deformity varus . Common causes of Valgus Knee in adults include arthritis of the knee and trauma. Knee arthritis with valgus knee Rheumatoid knee commonly presents as valgus knee. Osteoarthritis knee may also sometimes present with valgus deformity though varus deformity is common. Total knee arthroplasty TKA to correct valgus deformity is surgically difficult and requires specialized implants called constrained condylar knees. Examples Hip coxa valga from Latin coxa hip &mdash the shaft of the femur is bent outward in respect to the neck of the femur. Coxa vara on the other hand is a reverse of above where the neck shaft angle is reduced from nearly 135 . Knee genu valgum from Latin genu knee &mdash the tibia is turned outward in relation to the femur, resulting in a knock kneed appearance. Ankle talipes valgus from Latin talus ankle and Greek pes foot &mdash outward turning of the heel, resulting in clubfoot with the person walking on the inner part of the foot. Toe hallux valgus Latin hallux big toe &mdash outward deviation of the big toe toward the second toe. Elbows cubitus valgus Latin cubitus elbow &mdash turned in elbows Hand Manus valgus manus Latin for hand See also Varus deformity Acquired deformities Category Arthropathies Disease stub de Valgusstellung es Genu valgo it Valgo nl Valgus ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 A Gibbus Deformity is a form of structural kyphosis , where one or more adjacent vertebrae become wedged. Gibbus deformity can be a sequela of advanced skeletal tuberculosis and is the result of collapse of vertebra l bodies. ref Kasper D.L. et al., Harrisons principles of internal medicine, 16.ed, 2005 p.958 ref This can in turn lead to spinal cord compression causing paraplegia . ref Davidson s Principles and Practice of Medicine, 20th Ed, 2006. ref When viewed from behind, the deformity is sharply angled, with the resulting humpback being more easily seen when bending forward. ref http www.spineuniverse.com displayarticle.php article1437.html ref A Gibbus deformity may result from the sail vertebrae associated with cretinism , the childhood form of hypothyroidism . It is also seen with tuberculosis and certain congenital syndromes. References reflist Category Skeletal disorders medicine stub ... more details
refimprove date April 2009 Haglund s deformity aka the Mulhulland Deformity is a bony enlargement on the back of the heel that most often leads to painful bursitis , which is an inflammation of the bursa anatomy bursa a fluid filled sac between the tendon and bone . In Haglund s deformity, the soft tissue near the Achilles tendon becomes irritated when the bony enlargement rubs against shoes. Haglund s deformity is often called pump bump because the rigid backs of pump style shoes can create pressure that aggravates the enlargement when walking. In fact, the deformity is most common in young women who wear pumps. Symptoms Haglund s deformity can occur in one or both feet. The signs and symptoms include A noticeable bump on the back of heel. Pain in the area where the Achilles tendon attaches to the heel. Swelling in the back of the heel. Redness near the inflamed tissue. Causes To some extent, heredity plays a role in Haglund s deformity. People can inherit a type of foot structure that makes them prone to developing this condition. For example, high arches can contribute to Haglund s deformity. The Achilles tendon attaches to the back of the heel bone, and in a person with high arches, the heel bone is tilted backward into the Achilles tendon. This causes the uppermost portion of the back of the heel bone to rub against the tendon. Eventually, due to this constant irritation, a bony protrusion develops and the bursa becomes inflamed. It is the inflamed bursa that produces the redness and swelling associated with Haglund s deformity. A tight Achilles tendon can also play a role in Haglund s deformity, causing pain by compressing the tender and inflamed bursa. In contrast, a tendon ... contributor to Haglund s deformity is a tendency to walk on the outside of the heel. This tendency, which ... evaluate the structure of the heel bone. Treatment Non surgical treatment of Haglund s deformity ... s instructions for post surgical care. Prevention A recurrence of Haglund s deformity may ... more details
Refimprove date October 2008 Infobox Disease Name Boutonniere deformity Image Scheme human hand bones en.svg Caption Human hand bones Joints visible but not labeled. DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 M 20 0 m 20 ICD9 ICD9 736.21 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj orthoped eMedicineTopic 24 MeshID Boutonniere deformity is a deformed position of the fingers or toes, in which the joint nearest the knuckle PIP is permanently bent toward the palm while the furthest joint DIP is bent back away proximal interphalangeal joint PIP flexion with distal interphalangeal joint DIP hyperextension . It is commonly caused by injury ref http orthoinfo.aaos.org topic.cfm?topic A00004&return link 0 ref or by an inflammatory condition like rheumatoid arthritis . Stages Mild extension lag, passively correctable Moderate extension lag, passively correctable Mild flexion contracture Advanced flexion contracture Higher numbers indicate a more severe problem and greater likelihood of a poor final outcome. Pathophysiology Image RA hand deformity.JPG thumb Boutonniere deformity in a patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis This flexion deformity of the proximal interphalangeal joint is due to interruption of the central slip of the extensor tendon such that the lateral slips separate and the head of the proximal phalanx pops through the gap like a finger through a button hole thus the name, from French language French boutonni re button hole . The distal joint is subsequently drawn into hyperextension because the two peripheral ... phalanx . This deformity makes it difficult or impossible to extend the proximal interphalangeal ... link 0 title Boutonni re Deformity work Your Orthopaedic Connection publisher American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons accessdate External links DukeOrtho boutonniere deformity of the thumb mp joint ... Photo2sec04ch34 t sec04 ch034 ch034b.html EMedicine orthoped 24 Boutonniere Deformity http www.melbourneradiology.com.au ... tendon slip Acquired deformities DEFAULTSORT Boutonniere Deformity Category Arthritis disease stub ... more details
Infobox disease Name Varus deformity Image varus.jpg Caption Varus Deformity MRI and photograph DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 M 21 1 m 20 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID In orthopedics , a varus deformity is a term for the inward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint. The opposite of varus is called valgus deformity valgus . The terms varus and valgus always refer to the direction that the distal segment of the joint points. For example, in a varus deformity of the knee, the distal part of the leg below the knee is deviated inward , resulting in a bowlegged appearance. Conversely, a valgus deformity at the knee results in a knock kneed appearance, with the distal part of the leg deviated outward . Terminology The terminology is made confusing by the etymology of these words. In Latin, varus actually means bow legged ref cite web url http www.perseus.tufts.edu hopper text?doc Perseus 3Atext 3A1999.04.0059 3Aentry 3Dvalgus title valgus. Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary ref ref cite book url http books.google.com books?id Ds4NAAAAIAAJ&oe UTF 8 title Harvard University Dept. of the Classics Harvard Studies in Classical Philology ... valgus impaction in a Garden I femoral neck fracture . It is correct for a knock kneed deformity to be called both a varus deformity at the hip coxa vara and a valgus deformity at the knee genu valgum ... than a joint, the distal segment of the bone is being described. Thus, a varus deformity of the tibia i.e. a mid shaft tibial fracture with varus deformity refers to the distal segment in a varus alignment ... deformity. Ankle talipes equinovarus from Latin talus ankle and pes foot &mdash inward turning ... can be a fixed or flexible deformity. The other terminology is calcaneal inversion. Specifically .... Calcaneal varus is of course the opposite of calcaneal valgus. See also Valgus deformity .... 2007 Mosby, An Imprint of Elsevier DEFAULTSORT Varus Deformity Category Skeletal disorders it Varismo ... more details
, and deformity. It often has a genetic etiology and is associated with mesomelic dwarfism and a mutation on the X chromosome. The deformity can be treated surgically by addressing the deforming .... The deformity varies in degree from a slight protrusion of the lower end of the ulna, to complete ... also be necessary to fuse the radius to the carpus in order to gain correction. Madelung deformity ... s Deformity http www.orthopaedicweblinks.com OCOSH Classification Hand Conditions and Deformities Congenital Hand Deformities Failure of formation of parts Madelung Deformity index.html reflist Congenital ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 31521 ICD10 ICD10 Q 74 0 q 65 ICD9 ICD9 755.52 ICDO OMIM 184400 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj orthoped eMedicineTopic 445 MeshID Sprengel s deformity also known as High scapula or Congential high scapula is a rare congenital skeletal abnormality where a person has one shoulder blade that sits higher on the back than the other. The deformity is due to a failure in early fetal development where the shoulder fails to descend properly from the neck to its final position. The deformity is commonly associated with other conditions, most notably Klippel Feil syndrome , congenital scoliosis including cervical scoliosis, fused rib s, the presence of an omovertebral bone and spina bifida . The left shoulder is the most commonly affected shoulder but the condition can be bilateral, meaning that both shoulders are affected. About 75 of all observed cases are girls. Treatment includes surgery in early childhood and physical therapy . Surgical treatment in adulthood is complicated by the risk of nerve damage when removing the omovertebral bone and when stretching the muscle tissue during relocation of the shoulder. Presentation The scapula is small and rotated so that its inferior edge points toward the spine. There is a high correlation between Sprengel s deformity and the Klippel Feil syndrome. Sometimes a bony connection is present between the elevated scapula and one of the cervical vertebrae, usually C5 or C6. This connection is known as the omovertebral bone. Eponym It is named for Otto Sprengel. ref WhoNamedIt synd 2450 ref ref O. K. Sprengel. Die angeborene Verschiebung des Schulterblattes nach oben. Archiv f r klinische Chirurgie, Berlin, 1891, 42 545 549. ref References references medicine stub Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system Category Congenital disorders of musculoskeletal system de Sprengel Deformit t es Esc pula elevada it Deformit di Sprengel pl Choroba Sprengla ro Deforma ia Spr ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 M 20 m 20 ICD10 M 21 m 20 , ICD10 Q 66 q 65 ICD9 ICD9 734 ICD9 735 , ICD9 755.6 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D005530 A foot deformity is a disorder of the foot that can be congenital or acquired. Such deformities can include hammer toe , club foot , flat feet , pes cavus , etc. Acquired deformities Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system Category Congenital disorders of musculoskeletal system medicine stub ... more details
refimprove date November 2009 Ape hand deformity is a deformity in humans who cannot move the thumb outside of the plane of the palm. It is an inability to oppose the thumb and the limited abduction of the thumb. ref name urlAnatomy Tables Hand cite web url http anatomy.med.umich.edu musculoskeletal system hand tables.html title Anatomy Tables Hand work accessdate 2009 11 02 ref It is caused by damage to the Median nerve Injury median nerve . The name ape hand deformity is misleading, as apes have opposable thumbs. It can occur with an injury of the median nerve either at the elbow or the wrist , impairing the thenar muscles . ref name urlGross Anatomy THE BRACHIAL PLEXUS cite web url http www.upstate.edu cdb grossanat limbs2.shtml title Gross Anatomy THE BRACHIAL PLEXUS work accessdate 2009 11 02 ref Ape hand deformity is one aspect of Median Nerve Palsy , which is usually caused by deep injuries to the arm, forearm and wrist area. File Apehand 1.JPG thumb Ape Hand Deformity File Apehand 2.JPG thumb Ape Hand Deformity See also Recurrent branch of the median nerve Median Nerve Palsy References reflist PNS diseases of the nervous system Category Human anatomy anatomy stub ... more details
Refimprove date June 2008 Infobox Disease Name Swan neck deformity Image Scheme human hand bones en.svg Caption Human hand bones Joints visible but not labeled. DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 M 20 0 m 20 ICD9 ICD9 736.22 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj Orthoped eMedicineTopic 562 MeshID Swan neck deformity is a deformed position of the finger , in which the joint closest to the fingertip is permanently bent toward the palm while the nearest joint to the palm is bent away from it Interphalangeal articulations of hand DIP hyperflexion with proximal interphalangeal joint PIP hyperextension . It is commonly caused by injury or inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or sometimes familial congenital, like Ehlers Danlos syndrome ref http jhs.sagepub.com cgi content abstract 22 1 128 ref . Pathophysiology Swan neck deformity has many possible causes arising from the DIP, proximal interphalangeal joint PIP , or even the metacarpophalangeal joint MCP joints. In all cases, there is a stretching of the volar plate at the PIP joint to allow hyperextension, plus some damage to the attachment of the extensor tendon to the base of the distal phalanx that produces a hyperflexed mallet finger . Duck bill deformity is a similar condition affecting the thumb which cannot have true swan neck deformity because it does not have enough joints . References Reflist External links http www.wheelessonline.com ortho swan neck deformity Swan neck deformity at Wheeless Textbook of Orthopedics, a technical review of the condition http www.nlm.nih.gov medlineplus ency imagepages 17130.htm Rheumatoid arthritis Image showing deformities Acquired deformities DEFAULTSORT Swan Neck Deformity Category Fingers Category Skeletal disorders disease stub Musculoskeletal stub ... more details
deformity , referral for treatment under the National Health Service may be possible in the United ... and deformations of breast DEFAULTSORT Tuberous Breast Deformity Category Breast diseases Category ... more details
Bubble hair deformity is an abnormality of the hair shaft. ref name pmid8277032 cite journal author Detwiler SP, Carson JL, Woosley JT, Gambling TM, Briggaman RA title Bubble hair. Case caused by an overheating hair dryer and reproducibility in normal hair with heat journal J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. volume 30 issue 1 pages 54 60 year 1994 month January pmid 8277032 doi 10.1016 S0190 9622 94 70008 7 url ref It is characterized by rows of bubbles seen microscope microscopically within localized areas of brittle hair. ref name Fitz2 Freedberg, et al. 2003 . Fitzpatrick s Dermatology in General Medicine . 6th ed. . McGraw Hill. ISBN 0071380760. ref rp 647 ref name Andrews James, William Berger, Timothy Elston, Dirk 2005 . Andrews Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology . 10th ed. . Saunders. ISBN 0721629210. ref rp 769 See also List of cutaneous conditions References reflist Category Conditions of the skin appendages skin appendage stub ... more details
Valgus may refer to Valgus deformity , orthopedical deformity Valgus genus , genus of beetles Valgus publisher , Estonian book publishing company Valgus newspaper , Estonian newspaper published 1880 1906 disamb et Valgus t psustus ... more details
Tongue tie may refer to ankyloglossia , a congenital oral deformity tongue tie tack , a piece of equipment sometimes used on racehorses disambig ... more details
The word Erlenmeyer may mean Richard August Carl Emil Erlenmeyer 1825 1909 , German chemist. Erlenmeyer flask , conical glassware invented by Richard Erlenmeyer. The bony deformity named Deformity type Erlenmeyer flask because of the similarity to the shape of the flask. Friedrich Gustav Carl Emil Erlenmeyer 1864 1921 , son of R. A. C. E. Erlenmeyer. Erlenmeyer Rule proposed by R. A. C. E. Erlenmeyer. Disambig de Erlenmeyer es Erlenmeyer fr Erlenmeyer pt Erlenmeyer ... more details
Charcot foot could mean Charcot arthropathy in the foot, most commonly due to diabetic neuropathy The characteristic foot deformity of Charcot Marie Tooth disease br nb. As a neuropathy, this can eventually lead to Charcot arthropathy of the foot disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2011 Image Myrtle Corbin.jpg thumb Myrtle Corbin, a famous dipygus Image Kiev UkrainianNationalChernobylMuseum 15.jpg thumb Piglet with dipygus at Ukrainian National Chernobyl Museum in Kiev The dipygus deformity is a severe congenital deformity where the body axis forks left and right partway along the torso with the posterior end human pelvis pelvis and legs duplicated. Myrtle Corbin was a dipygus she married and had 5 children and lived to age 59 or 60. In human cases the inner two of the four hindquarters develop much smaller than normal. This is a type of teras catadidymum Teratology monster twinned below . Another sort of deformity with extra legs can happen from a degenerated conjoined twin, as may have happened with Frank Lentini with his third leg. External links http www.dailymail.co.uk news worldnews article 1037172 Pictured The SIX legged deer discovered dog attack.html Dipygus deer fawn http thestar.com.my news story.asp?file 2005 6 19 nation 11262103&sec nation Probable dipygus dog at Port Klang in Malaya Category Congenital disorders ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 29423 ICD10 M21.0, Q74.0 ICD9 ICD9 736.01 , ICD9 755.59 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Cubitus valgus is a medical deformity in which the elbows are turned in. A small degree of cubitus valgus known as the Elbow joint Carrying angle carrying angle is acceptable and occurs in the general population. When present at birth, it can be an indication of Noonan syndrome or Turner syndrome . It can also be acquired through fracture or other trauma.The physiological cubitus valgus varies from 3 to 29 . Women usually have a more pronounced Cubitus valgus than men. The deformity can also occur as a complication of fracture of the lateral condyle of the humerus, which may lead to tardy ulnar nerve palsy. The opposite condition is cubitus varus ICD9 736.02 . See also Valgus deformity Varus deformity External links GPnotebook 731512837 http images.medscape.com pi editorial cmecircle 2002 2155 slide29.gif Image congenital http www.worldortho.com database exam trauma et041.html Image acquired Acquired deformities Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system disease stub musculoskeletal stub Category Congenital disorders of musculoskeletal system de Cubitus valgus ... more details
wiktionary kyphosis The medical term kyphosis has several meanings. A deformity, where the back is bowed see kyphosis article for more details A term describing the normally convex arched, kyphotic segments of the spine, also called primary curvatures . When related to a single vertebra , describes the angle created between the superior and inferior endplates . disambig ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Cubitus varus Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 M21.1, Q68.8 ICD9 ICD9 736.02 , ICD9 755.59 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Cubitus varus Varus deformity varus means a deformity of a limb in which part of it is deviated towards the midline of the body is a common deformity in which the extended forearm is deviated towards midline of the body . Cubitus varus is often referred to as Gunstock deformity , due to the crooked nature of the healing. ref name titleMedcyclopaedia Gunstock deformity cite web url http www.medcyclopaedia.com library topics volume vii g gunstock deformity.aspx title Medcyclopaedia Gunstock deformity accessdate 2008 02 25 format work ref ref cite journal doi 10.1097 00000658 190007000 00021 author Stimson LA title I. Cubitus Varus or, Gunstock Deformity following Fracture of the Lower End of the Humerus journal Ann Surg. volume 32 issue 3 pages 301 8 year 1900 month Sep pmid 17860875 pmc 1425131 ref The opposite condition is cubitus valgus . Causes A common cause is the supracondylar fracture of humerus. It can be corrected via a corrective osteotomy of the humerus and either internal or external fixation of the bone until union. Diagnosis Cubitus varus is not able to be diagnosed until after healing of the prior fracture, as the arm must be in full extension, not flexion, for the deformity to be noticed. Prognosis A cubitus varus deformity is more cosmetic than limiting of any function, ref name titleCubitus Varus Wheeless Textbook of Orthopaedics cite web url http www.wheelessonline.com ortho cubitus varus title Cubitus Varus Wheeless Textbook of Orthopaedics accessdate 2008 02 25 format work ref however internal rotation of the radius over the ulna may be limited due to the overgrowth of the humerus. This may be noticeable during an activity such as using a computer mouse . Complications Instances in which the Medial epicondyle of the humerus medial epicondyle of the distal humerus is malformed due t ... more details
Wiktionary clubbing Clubbing can refer to Medicine Nail clubbing , a deformity of the fingers and fingernails Clubbed thumb , a genetic deformity of the thumbs Club foot , a congenital abnormality Other Clubbing subculture , activity of gathering socially at nightclubs Silent disco Mobile clubbing , a silent party where attendees dance to music listened to on headphones An act of violence in which the primary weapon of attack is a blunt object, causing blunt trauma Seal hunting , attacking seals with a blunt object Clubbing comics Clubbing comics , a graphic novel Clubbing axe , a foam weapon The Seal Cub Clubbing Club , a band from England See also Club disambiguation disambig de Clubbing pl Clubbing ... more details
of the bone deformity can typically take 3 4 weeks. Once the deformity has been corrected, the frame ... and degree of deformity. Further reading cite book ref harv title Textbook of orthopedics and trauma ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
