Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 US fed civ pro Civil procedure doctrines are rules developed by case law as opposed to being set down in code s or legislation , which, together with court rules and codes, define the steps that a person involved in a civil lawsuit can or can not take. Purpose In the United States Federal jurisdiction , these doctrine s have developed to comprehensively deal with certain common issues that arise when a person is involved in bringing, or contemplating bringing a civil lawsuit. Other Jurisdictions Similar doctrines exist In other jurisdiction s, however they are sometimes referred to under names other than Doctrines of Civil Procedure , although often they have much less importance. For example, in England and Wales , all civil procedure is covered by the Civil Procedure Rules 1998 , which according to Part 1 of those rules are a new procedural code , and have therefore largely replaced any pre existing doctrines. See also Civil Procedure DEFAULTSORT Doctrines Of Civil Procedure Category Civil procedure Law stub ... more details
Equity Doctrines and Remedies is a scholarly legal textbook originally composed by Justice Roderick Meagher , Justice William Gummow and Justice John Lehane . It is the preeminent publication on Equity law Equity in Australia ref Harris v Digital Pulse Pty Ltd 2003 56 NSWLR 298 at paragraph 15 per Spigelman CJ. ref and is highly regarded in common law jurisdictions because it is written by senior and respected judges. The book is now in its fourth edition, published in 2002. Justice Dyson Heydon of the High Court of Australia has now taken over Justice Gummow s position as co editor. The book is divided into the following parts The Background of Equity The Basic Concepts of Equity Assurances and Assignments Unconscionable Transactions Remedies Deceased Estates Equitable Defences Miscellaneous Doctrines Publishing details Meagher, R. P., Gummow,W.M.C., Lehane, J.R.F. 1984 ed Equity, doctrines and remedies Sydney Butterworths. ISBN 0409491527 Reflist Category Australian law Category Australian non fiction books Category Law books Australia law stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Deleted image removed Image Shi ism.gif right Shi ism Doctrines, Thought, and Spirituality is a book written by Seyyed Hossein Nasr , Hamid Dabashi , and Seyed Vali Reza Nasr ref http search.barnesandnoble.com booksearch isbnInquiry.asp?userid hJ7lQUWCY9&isbn 0887066909&itm 1 Barnes & Noble.com Books Shi ism, by Seyyed Hossein H. Nasr, Paperback Bot generated title ref . Editions SUNY Press 1988. ISBN 0 88706 689 5 References References Category Works by Hossein Nasr islam book stub ... more details
One source date April 2009 United States Presidential doctrines are key Objective goal goals , Attitude psychology attitudes , or stance s for United States International relations foreign affairs outlined by President of the United States Presidents that were dubbed their doctrine s . Most presidential doctrines are related to the Cold War . Though many U.S. Presidents had themes related to their handling of foreign policy, the term doctrine generally applies to Presidents such as James Monroe , Harry S. Truman , Richard Nixon , Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan , all of whom had doctrines which more completely characterized their foreign policy . Presidential doctrines Monroe Doctrine Image jamesmonroe npgallery.jpg thumb 200px right U.S. President James Monroe . main Monroe Doctrine The Monroe Doctrine , expressed in 1823, proclaimed the United States opinion that Europe an powers should no longer colonize the Americas or interfere with the affairs of Sovereignty sovereign nations located in the Americas, such as the United States, Mexico , Gran Colombia and others. In return, the United States planned to stay neutral in wars between European powers and in wars between a European power and its colonies. However, if these latter type of wars were to occur in the Americas, the U.S. would view such action as hostile toward itself. The doctrine was issued by President James Monroe during his seventh annual State of the Union address to United States Congress Congress . It was met ... Doctrine is not a clear statement in the way that many other doctrines were. However, in a February ... primaries References reflist Further reading Meiert ns, Heiko 2010 The Doctrines of US Security ... United States Presidential Doctrines Category Presidency of the United States Doctrines Category Legal history of the United States Presidential doctrines Category Foreign policy doctrines of the United States simple United States presidential doctrines ... more details
Orphan date December 2010 Unreferenced date December 2009 There are Additional Shia doctrines besides the Theology of Twelvers and the Aspects of the Religion . Taqiyya Main Taqiyya The doctrine of taqiyya, or dissimulation, states that it is permissible to hide one s true religious convictions if under the threat of death or injury. Since Shias regard taqiyya as islamically permissible, at times they have been accused of lying indiscriminately, however Shia Muslims reject this charge and argue that this would be contrary to the laws regulating its use. The Shia conclude that the practice of taqiyya is condoned by the Qur an and is regulated by the various Qur anic verses that refer to it. The practice of taqiyya is regarded by the Shia as a natural human response especially in light of historical Shia Sunni relations . Nikah Mut ah Mut ah marriage Main Nikah Mut ah Fixed time marriage Arabic Nikah Mut ah is the second Qur anic marriage form, a marriage for a fixed time with fixed conditions stipulated through mutual written or oral contractual agreement between the male and female participants. The practice was instituted by the Islamic prophet Muhammad and sanctioned in the Qur an . Shia conclud it is allowed according to Sharia. In contrast to non Shia Muslims, Shia Muslims conclude that Mut ah marriage was only forbidden by the caliph Umar and not by Muhammad . Shia argue that neither Umar, nor any other caliph, had the authority to ban what Muhammad permitted, so Shias judge its practice to remain legitimate. By far the most common form of marriage among Shi as is the Nikah regular marriage , and abusing Mut ah marriage to lead a promiscuous life is frowned at by Shias, quoting the Qur anic call for chastity. The most common use of it is by couples that intend to marry permanently in the near future, something akin to the Western practice of engagement . Defending ... Doctrines Category Shi a Islam ... more details
Evidence law Public policy doctrines for the exclusion of relevant evidence , in the law of evidence in the United States , encompass several types of evidence that would be Relevance law relevant to prove facts at issue in a legal proceeding, but which are nonetheless excluded because of public policy concerns. There are five major areas of exclusion that arise out of the Federal Rules of Evidence FRE subsequent remedial measures, ownership of liability insurance, offers to plead guilty to a crime, offers to settle a claim, and offers to pay medical expenses. Many states have modified versions of the FRE under their own state evidence codes which widen or narrow the public policy exclusions in State court United States state courts . The exclusionary rule , under which evidence gathered by the police from an illegal search is excluded, is of similar operation but is typically considered separately. Subsequent remedial measures A subsequent remedial measure is an improvement, repair, or safety measure made after an injury has occurred. FRE http www.law.cornell.edu rules fre ACRule407.htm 407 prohibits the admission of evidence of subsequent remedial measures to show defendant s 1 negligence 2 culpable conduct 3 a defect in defendant s product 4 defect in the design of defendant s product or 5 the need for a warning or instruction. Evidence of subsequent remedial measures are generally inadmissible for two reasons. First, court s do not want to discourage defendants from taking steps that further safety. Second, excluding subsequent remedial measures from evidence avoids having to give juries the difficult task of distinguishing between defendant s due care prior to plaintiff s injury, and defendant s due care subsequent to plaintiff s injury. Subsequent remedial measures are, however, admissible into evidence for witness impeachment purposes proving defendant s ownership of the instrumentality that injured the plaintiff, if ownership is disputed proving defendant s control ... more details
The phrase merger doctrine or doctrine of merger may refer to one of several legal doctrines Merger doctrine antitrust law Merger doctrine civil procedure Merger doctrine copyright law The merger doctrine in criminal law of lesser included offense s Merger doctrine family law Merger doctrine property law Merger doctrine trust law disambig Category Legal doctrines and principles ... more details
Law of Nature may refer to Physical law , a scientific generalization based upon empirical observation Natural law , any of a number of doctrines in moral, political and legal theory disambig es Leyes naturales ja ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Noncolonization was a principle of the Monroe Doctrine proclaimed by United States president James Monroe in 1823. It stated that the Americas should undergo no further colonization by European powers. Sources http www.monroedoctrine.net US hist stub Category Foreign policy doctrines Category History of the foreign relations of the United States ... more details
wiktionary IAST Dak i a is the Sanskrit for right hand side . It may refer to right, the relative direction south a south wind d k i di is the south from a North Indian perspective South India the Deccan plateau via Prakrit dakkhin dexterity The feminine Dak i refers to the recompense paid to a priest for a sacrifice. a term for the higher doctrines in the shakha s disambig ... more details
The Architecture of the City lang it L architettura della citt is a seminal book of urban design theory by the Italian architect Aldo Rossi published in 1966. The book marks the shift from the urban doctrines of Modern architecture modernism to a rediscovery of the traditional European city. Category Architecture books DEFAULTSORT Architecture of the City art book stub pt A Arquitetura da Cidade ... more details
Devic or Devics may mean Devic kingdom , mystical beings described in certain doctrines, religions and popular culture. Devics , The L.A. band Devics Devi , a Serb Orthodox abbey in Kosovo Eug ne Devic , a French neurologist Marko Devi , a Ukrainian footballer Neuromyelitis optica , Devic s disease or Devic s syndrome Vuka in Devi , a Serbian footballer Disambig de Devic ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Sefer Zadok is the name of a Sadducean text, containing the doctrines of the Sadducees, allegedly written by their founder, Zadok. No copies of this text are extant today, except for quotes in the polemics of Rabbinic and Karaite Jew ish scholars of that time period. The Sefer Zadok is also referred to in texts by Josephus and in the Talmud as a text containing the doctrines and beliefs of Sadduccee Judaism . There are many stories, anecdotes, and religious and political ideas attributed to the Sadduccees in these texts. These works were, however, produced by those who stood in opposition to the Sadduccees primarily the Pharisees and are thus suspect. Little else is known about this text and those who followed its teachings. See also Sadducee Category Non rabbinic Jewish texts ... more details
fiqh Mil Istijarah Arabic is an Islamic term for Asylum seeker Asylum seekers asylum , accepting a person at risk as a member of own tribe. ref name Doctrines http www.icmif.org doc store takaful Doctrines 20Justifying 20Takaful.doc ref Definition In the Pre Islamic Arabia Pre Islamic era in Arabia there was a system of clan protection, and a people without a clan would stand without protection. Such a person could request for Istijarah asylum from a person already having a clan association in order to receive protection from that person. This was a common practice in Arabia ref name Doctrines , this was used by some Muslim s who returned from the first Migration to Abyssinia ref name sunnipath2 The Sealed Nectar http www.sunnipath.com Resources PrintMedia Books B0033P0017.aspx The Second Aqabah Pledge on sunnipath.com ref , and Prophet Muhammad himself requested Istijarah from Mut im ibn Uday after his return to Mecca from the Muhammad s visit to Ta if visit to Ta if ref name Doctrines . The term is also used in the Qur an ref name Doctrines QuoteQuran 9 6 If one amongst the Pagans ask thee for asylum, grant it to him, so that he may hear the word of Allah and then escort him to where he can be secure. That is because they are men without knowledge 101 arab References reflist Category Islamic theology Category Arabic words and phrases Category Laws of war ... more details
Overlapping consensus is a term coined by John Rawls in Political Liberalism . The term refers to how supporters of different comprehensive doctrines can agree on a specific form of political organization. These doctrines can include religion , List of political ideologies political ideology or Ethics morals . However, Rawls is clear that such political agreement is narrow and focused on justice. This consensus is reached, in part, by avoiding the deepest arguments in religion and philosophy. The overlapping consensus depends, in effect, on there being a morally significant core of commitments common to the reasonable fragment of each of the main comprehensive doctrines in the community D Agostino 2003 . The commitments as applied to a liberal society, for example, would be basic human rights and freedoms such as that of freedom of expression expression and freedom of religion religion , as well as abiding by notions of democracy and the rule of law . See also A Theory of Justice Justice as fairness Public choice theory Public reason References D Agostino, Fred, http plato.stanford.edu archives sum2003 entries original position Original Position , The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Summer 2003 Edition , Edward N. Zalta ed. . Rawls, John. The Idea of an Overlapping Consensus. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, Vol. 7, No. 1, Spring, 1987 , pp. 1 25. John Rawls Category Political ideologies philo stub poli term stub ... more details
Notability date November 2011 Unreferenced date July 2007 A Sunday Christian or Sunday morning Christian also Once a weeker is a derisive term used to refer to someone who typically attends Christian church services on Sundays while not strictly adhering to the doctrines or rules of the religion . See also Cafeteria Christianity Cultural Christian Lapsed Catholic Biblical law in Christianity Christianity stub vocab stub Category Ethnic and religious slurs Category Christian terms Category Sunday ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date November 2006 Claims of Unfair Burden are usually used by legal authorities to switch the Legal burden of proof burden of proof to the defendant in cases where a party is required to prove a negative. The term refers to situations where inherent evidentiary difficulties prevent equity. Category Legal doctrines and principles DEFAULTSORT Unfair Burden Law term stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2006 orphan date November 2009 Undue hardship is a legal term used to design an accommodation to employees that would either alter the nature of the enterprise or affect its viability. It is used in the employment law employment discrimination law in the United States, Canada, and other countries. Category Discrimination law Category Labour law Category Legal doctrines and principles law stub ... more details
Warranty tolling refers to a legal requirement, in some jurisdictions, that the timeframe provided in a warranty product warranty shall be Tolling law tolled paused to protect the consumer from unfairly being deprived of its protections. For example, under California Civil Code Sections 1795.6 and 1795.7, tolling occurs when the buyer delivers goods to be repaired or provides notice of the problem, and continues so long as the buyer has not yet received the repaired goods or notice that the repairs are complete. Category Contract law Category Legal doctrines and principles ... more details
Apparent may refer to Apparent magnitude , measure of brightness of a celestial body as seen by an observer on Earth Heir apparent , person who is first in line of succession Apparent death , an antipredator behavior known as playing dead Apparent wind , wind experienced by a moving object Eire Apparent , band from Northern Irela Apparent authority or ostensible authority relates to the doctrines of the law of agency disambiguation ... more details
The Johnson Doctrine , enunciated by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson after the United States intervention in the Dominican Republic in 1965, declared that domestic revolution in the Western Hemisphere would no longer be a local matter when the object is the establishment of a Communist dictatorship . It is an extension of the Eisenhower Doctrine Eisenhower and Kennedy Doctrine s. See also Monroe Doctrine Brezhnev Doctrine References Unreferenced date September 2008 Further reading Meiert ns, Heiko 2010 The Doctrines of US Security Policy An Evaluation under International Law , Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9780521766487. US poli stub Template group list Cold War Foreign relations of the United States expanded DPC Category Foreign policy doctrines of the United States Category Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson Category 1965 in the United States Category 1965 in international relations cs Johnsonova doktr na fr Doctrine Johnson it Dottrina Johnson hu Johnson doktr na pt Doutrina Johnson ru sk Johnsonova doktr na fi Johnson oppi uk zh ... more details
Jainism Drstiv da is the last of the 12 Jain gamas as per Svetambara vet mbara tradition said to be promulgated by Mahavira M hav ra himself and composed by Ganadhara Sudharmasvami. Drstiv da translated as Disputation about views was said to contain entire knowledge of 14 Purvas or prior knowledge that is now considered to be totally lost. In fact, the tradition holds that Drstiv da is also completely lost. However, its contents have been referred and explained in Nandi and Samav y nga S tra . Subject Matter of the Agama Dristiv da was divided into five parts Parikarma S tra P rvanayoga Purvgata Ch lik Parikarma contained Jaina calculatory science and the Sutra included discussions about creeds and doctrines. Purvagata contained fourteen subdivisions and contained discussions about Jain philosophy Jaina doctrines and principles . As the name suggests, Purvas contain the knowledge prior to Mahavira which was preserved only in oral form. P rvanayoga contained Puranic narratives, religious biographies as well as illustrative tales. Jain Agamas Category Jain texts Category Agamas ... more details
nofootnotes date December 2009 Epilogism is a style of Inference invented by the ancient Empiric school of medicine. It is a theory free method of looking at history by accumulating fact with minimal generalization and being conscious of the side effects of making causal claims See also Inductive reasoning Types of inductive reasoning Causal inference Causal inference . Epilogism is an inference which moves entirely within the domain of visible and evident things, it tries not to invoke unobservable s. It is tightly knit to the famous tripos of medicine . See also Empiric school Doctrines Doctrines of the Empiric school . Epilogism in popular culture Epilogism is discussed as a way of viewing history in The Black Swan Taleb book by Nassim Nicholas Taleb . External links http bmcr.brynmawr.edu 2004 2004 12 20.html repository.kulib.kyoto u.ac.jp dspace bitstream 2433 24239 1 nishimura.pdf philosophy stub Category Logic and statistics Category Sources of knowledge Category Ancient Greek medicine Category Theories of deduction Category Empiricism ... more details
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