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The One Hundred Eighth United States Congress was the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives from January 3, 2003 to January 3, 2005, during the third and fourth years of George W. Bush's presidency. House members were elected in the 2002 general election on November 5, 2002. Senators were elected in three classes in the 1998 general election on November 3, 1998, 2000 general election on November 7, 2000, or 2002 general election on November 5, 2002. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Twenty-second Census of the United States in 2000. Both chambers had a Republican majority. Major events - February 1, 2003: Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated during reentry
- March 20, 2003: 2003 invasion of Iraq began
- April 14, 2003: Human Genome Project was completed
- July 14, 2003: CIA leak scandal began
- June 16, 2003: 9/11 Commission issued an initial report of its findings
- May 17, 2004: Same-sex marriage began in Massachusetts
- November 2, 2004: United States presidential election, 2004: George W. Bush defeated Senator John Kerry. United States Senate elections, 2004 & United States House of Representatives elections, 2004: Republicans increased their majorities in both houses.
Major legislation Enacted - 2003-03-11 Do-Not-Call Implementation Act of 2003, ,
- 2003-04-30 PROTECT (Prosecutorial Remedies and Other Tools to end the Exploitation of Children Today) Act, including Illicit Drug Anti-Proliferation Act, ,
- 2003-05-28 Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003, ,
- 2003-09-04 Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003, ,
- 2003-10-28 Check 21 Act, ,
- 2003-11-05 Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act, ,
- 2003-11-25 Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act, ,
- 2003-12-04 Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act, ,
- 2003-12-12 Syria Accountability and Lebanese Sovereignty Restoration Act, ,
- 2003-12-16 CAN-SPAM Act, ,
- 2004-03-25 Unborn Victims of Violence Act (Laci and Conner's Law), ,
- 2004-06-30 Bunning-Bereuter-Blumenauer Flood Insurance Reform Act, ,
- 2004-07-07 GAO Human Capital Reform Act of 2004, ,
- 2004-07-21 Project BioShield Act of 2004, ,
- 2004-10-16 Global Anti-Semitism Review Act, ,
- 2004-10-18 North Korean Human Rights Act of 2004, ,
- 2004-10-20 Belarus Democracy Act of 2004, ,
- 2004-12-17 Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act, ,
Proposed, but not enacted Party summary Senate Party standings in the 108th Congress The party summary for the Senate remained the same during the entire 108th Congress. House of Representatives Due to resignations and special elections, Republicans lost a net of two seats to the Democrats. All seats were filled though special elections. (See Changes in membership, below.) | Affiliation | Party (Shading indicates majority caucus) | Total | | | | | | | Republican | Independent | Democratic | Vacant | | End of previous Congress | 222 | 1 | 209 | 433 | 2 | | | Begin | 229 | 1 | 205 | 435 | 0 | | May 31, 2003 | 228 | 434 | 1 | | June 5, 2003 | 229 | 435 | 0 | | December 9, 2003 | 228 | 434 | 1 | | January 20, 2004 | 227 | 433 | 2 | | February 17, 2004 | 206 | 434 | 1 | | June 1, 2004 | 207 | 435 | 0 | | June 9, 2004 | 206 | 434 | 1 | | July 20, 2004 | 207 | 435 | 0 | | August 31, 2004 | 226 | 434 | 1 | | September 23, 2004 | 225 | 433 | 2 | | Final voting share | 52.0% | 48.0% | | | Non-voting members | 1 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 0 | | | Beginning of next Congress | 232 | 1 | 201 | 434 | 1 | Leadership Senators' party membership by state Representatives party membership by state at the opening of the 108th Congress. The gold coloring of Vermont indicates Rep. Bernie Sanders, an Independent. Senate Majority (Republican) leadership Minority (Democratic) leadership House of Representatives Majority (Republican) leadership Minority (Democratic) leadership Members Senate House of Representatives The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by the district number. (5-2 Republican) (1 Republican) (6-2 Republican) (3-1 Democratic) (33-20 Democratic) (5-2 Republican) (3-2 Republican) (1 Republican) (18-7 Republican) (8-5 Republican) (2 Democrats) (2 Republicans) (10-9 Republican) (6-3 Republican) (4-1 Republican) (3-1 Republican) (5-1 Republican, then 4-2 Republican) (4-3 Republican) (2 Democrats) (6-2 Democratic) (10 Democrats) (9-6 Republican) (4-4 Split) (2-2 split) (5-4 Republican) (1 Republican) (3 Republicans) (2-1 Republican) (2 Republicans) (7-6 Democratic) (2-1 Republican) (19-10 Democratic) (7-6 Republican) (1 Democrat) (12-6 Republican) (4-1 Republican) (4-1 Democratic) (12-7 Republican) (2 Democrats) (4-2 Republican) (1 Republican, then 1 Democrat) (5-4 Democratic) (17-15 Democratic) (2-1 Republican) (1 Independent) (8-3 Republican) (6-3 Democratic) (2-1 Democratic) (4-4 split) (1 Republican) Non-voting members Changes in membership Members who came and left during this Congress. Senate No changes occurred. House of Representatives |- | | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Patsy Mink had been elected to this seat posthumously. Ed Case had already won Mink's seat in the 107th Congress. | | Ed Case (D) | January 4, 2003 |- | | | Larry Combest (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 31, 2003 for personal reasons. A special election was held June 3, 2003. | | Randy Neugebauer (R) | June 5, 2003 |- | | | Ralph Hall (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Changed political parties | | Ralph Hall (R) | January 5, 2004 |- | | | Ernie Fletcher (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 9, 2003 to become Governor of Kentucky. A special election was held February 17, 2004 | | Ben Chandler (D) | February 17, 2004 |- | South Dakota At-large | | Bill Janklow (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 20, 2004 because of a December 2003 felony conviction in relation to a traffic accident. A special election was held June 1, 2004. | | Stephanie Herseth (D) | June 1, 2004 |- | | | Frank Ballance (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 9, 2004 as a result of health problems. A special election was held July 20, 2004 | | G. K. Butterfield (D) | July 20, 2004 |- | | | (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Switched parties August 9, 2004 | | (R) | August 9, 2004 |- | | | Doug Bereuter (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 31, 2004 to head the Asia Foundation. | colspan=2 | Remained vacant until the next Congress. |- | | | Porter Goss (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 23, 2004 to head the CIA. | colspan=2 | Remained vacant until the next Congress. |- | | | Robert Matsui (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 1, 2005 | colspan=2 | Remained vacant until the next Congress. |} Employees Senate House of Representatives References See also Elections External links de:108. Kongress der Vereinigten Staaten fr:Liste des repr sentants au 108e Congr s des tats-Unis it:108 Congresso degli Stati Uniti pt:108 Congresso dos Estados Unidos
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