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The One Hundred Ninth United States Congress was the legislative branch of the United States, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives, from January 3, 2005 to January 3, 2007, during the fifth and sixth years of George W. Bush's presidency. House members were elected in the 2004 elections on November 4, 2004. Senators were elected in three classes in the 2000 elections on November 7, 2000, 2002 elections on November 5, 2002, or 2004 elections on November 4, 2004. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Twenty-second Census of the United States in 2000. Both chambers had a Republican majority, the same party as President Bush. Major events - November 7, 2006 California Representative Nancy Pelosi and Nevada Senator Harry Reid lead the Democratic Party in taking control of both the House and the Senate in the 2006 congressional elections, the first time in 12 years the Democrats secure control of both houses of Congress simultaneously.
Major legislation Enacted Eisenhower Executive Office Building]], on September 26, 2006. With Sen. Bill Frist (R-Tenn.) looking on, President George W. Bush signs into law , the North Korea Nonproliferation Act of 2006, on October 13, 2006. - February 17, 2005: Class Action Fairness Act of 2005,
- March 21, 2005: Theresa Marie Schiavo's law,
- April 20, 2005: Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act,
- April 27, 2005: Family Entertainment and Copyright Act,
- July 28, 2005: Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act (CAFTA Implementation Act),
- July 29, 2005: Energy Policy Act of 2005,
- August 10, 2005: Transportation Equity Act of 2005,
- October 26, 2005: Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act,
- December 1, 2005: Caribbean National Forest Act of 2005,
- December 22, 2005: Presidential $1 Coin Act of 2005,
- December 30, 2005: Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2006,
- February 8, 2006: Deficit Reduction Act of 2005,
- May 17, 2006: Tax Increase Prevention and Reconciliation Act of 2005,
- May 29, 2006: Respect for America's Fallen Heroes Act,
- July 27, 2006: Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act,
- September 26, 2006: Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006,
- October 13, 2006: Safe Port Act, , including title VIII, Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006
- October 17, 2006: Military Commissions Act of 2006,
- October 26, 2006: Secure Fence Act of 2006,
- December 20, 2006: Stolen Valor Act of 2005,
- December 20, 2006: Tax Relief and Health Act of 2006,
Proposed, but not enacted More information: Complete index of Public and Private Laws for 109th Congress at U.S. Government Printing Office Hearings Party summary Senate Party standings in the Senate during the 109th Congress The party summary for the Senate remained the same during the entire 109th Congress. On January 16, 2006, Democrat Jon Corzine resigned, but Democrat Bob Menendez was appointed and took Corzine's seat the next day. | State ranked in partisan order | Percentage Republicans | Percentage Democrats | Republican/ Democrat | Republican seat plurality | | Alabama | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Alaska | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Arizona | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Georgia | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Idaho | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Kansas | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Kentucky | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Maine | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Mississippi | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Missouri | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | New Hampshire | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | North Carolina | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Ohio | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Oklahoma | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Pennsylvania | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | South Carolina | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Tennessee | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Texas | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Utah | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Virginia | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Wyoming | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | United States | 55% | 44% | 55/44 | 11 | | Colorado | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | Florida | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | Indiana | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | Iowa | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | Louisiana | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | Minnesota | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | Montana | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | Nebraska | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | Nevada | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | New Mexico | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | Oregon | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | Rhode Island | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | South Dakota | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 | | Vermont | 0% | 50% | 0/1 (1 independent) | -1 | | Arkansas | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | California | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | Connecticut | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | Delaware | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | Hawaii | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | Illinois | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | Maryland | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | Massachusetts | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | Michigan | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | New Jersey | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | New York | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | North Dakota | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | Washington | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | West Virginia | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | Wisconsin | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | House of Representatives Due to resignations and special elections, Republicans lost a net of three seats; Democrats gained one seat; three seats were left vacant; and one seat which was vacant at the beginning of the Congress was filled. All seats were filled though special elections. (See Changes in membership, below.) | Affiliation | Party (Shading indicates majority caucus) | Total | |- style="height:5px" | | | | | | Republican | Democratic | Independent | Vacant | | End of previous Congress | 225 | 207 | 1 | 433 | 2 | | | Begin | 232 | 201 | 1 | 434 | 1 | | March 10, 2005 | 202 | 435 | 0 | | April 29, 2005 | 231 | 434 | 1 | | August 2, 2005 | 230 | 433 | 2 | | September 6, 2005 | 231 | 434 | 1 | | December 1, 2005 | 230 | 433 | 2 | | December 7, 2005 | 231 | 434 | 1 | | January 16, 2006 | 201 | 433 | 2 | | June 9, 2006 | 230 | 432 | 3 | | June 13, 2006 | 231 | 433 | 2 | | September 29, 2006 | 230 | 432 | 3 | | November 3, 2006 | 229 | 431 | 4 | | November 13, 2006 | 230 | 202 | 433 | 2 | | December 31, 2006 | 229 | 432 | 3 | | Final voting share | 53.0% | 47.0% | | | | Non-voting members | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 0 | | | Beginning of next Congress | 202 | 233 | 0 | 435 | 0 | | State ranked in partisan order | Percentage Republicans | Percentage Democrats | Republican/ Democrat | Republican seat plurality | | Nebraska | 100% | 0% | 3/0 | 3 | | Idaho | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | New Hampshire | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 | | Alaska | 100% | 0% | 1/0 | 1 | | Delaware | 100% | 0% | 1/0 | 1 | | Montana | 100% | 0% | 1/0 | 1 | | Wyoming | 100% | 0% | 1/0 | 1 | | Kentucky | 83% | 17% | 5/1 | 4 | | Iowa | 80% | 20% | 4/1 | 3 | | Oklahoma | 80% | 20% | 4/1 | 3 | | Indiana | 78% | 22% | 7/2 | 5 | | Arizona | 75% | 25% | 6/2 | 4 | | Kansas | 75% | 25% | 3/1 | 2 | | Virginia | 73% | 27% | 8/3 | 5 | | Florida | 72% | 28% | 18/7 | 11 | | Alabama | 71% | 29% | 5/2 | 3 | | Louisiana | 71% | 29% | 5/2 | 3 | | Ohio | 67% | 33% | 12/6 | 6 | | South Carolina | 67% | 33% | 4/2 | 2 | | Nevada | 67% | 33% | 2/1 | 1 | | New Mexico | 67% | 33% | 2/1 | 1 | | Utah | 67% | 33% | 2/1 | 1 | | Texas | 65% | 35% | 20/11 (1 vacancy) | 9 | | Pennsylvania | 63% | 37% | 12/7 | 5 | | Michigan | 60% | 40% | 9/6 | 3 | | Connecticut | 60% | 40% | 3/2 | 1 | | Colorado | 57% | 43% | 4/3 | 1 | | Missouri | 56% | 44% | 5/4 | 1 | | Georgia | 54% | 46% | 7/6 | 1 | | North Carolina | 54% | 46% | 7/6 | 1 | | United States | 53% | 47% | 231/201 | 30 | | Minnesota | 50% | 50% | 4/4 | 0 | | Wisconsin | 50% | 50% | 4/4 | 0 | | Mississippi | 50% | 50% | 2/2 | 0 | | New Jersey | 50% | 50% | 6/6 (1 vacancy) | 0 | | Vermont | 0% | 0% | 0/0 (1 independent) | 0 | | Illinois | 47% | 53% | 9/10 | -1 | | Tennessee | 44% | 56% | 4/5 | -1 | | California | 38% | 62% | 20/33 | -13 | | West Virginia | 33% | 67% | 1/2 | -1 | | Washington | 33% | 67% | 3/6 | -3 | | New York | 31% | 69% | 9/20 | -11 | | Arkansas | 25% | 75% | 1/3 | -2 | | Maryland | 25% | 75% | 2/6 | -4 | | Oregon | 20% | 80% | 1/4 | -3 | | North Dakota | 0% | 100% | 0/1 | -1 | | South Dakota | 0% | 100% | 0/1 | -1 | | Hawaii | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | Maine | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | Rhode Island | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 | | Massachusetts | 0% | 100% | 0/10 | -10 | | State ranked in partisan order | Percentage Republicans | Percentage Democrats | Republican/ Democrat | Republican seat plurality | Leadership Senate Senate President Dick Cheney (R) Senate President pro tempore Ted Stevens (R) Majority (Republican) leadership Minority (Democratic) leadership House of Representatives House Speaker Dennis Hastert (R) Majority (Republican) leadership Minority (Democratic) leadership Members Senate Senators' party membership by state House of Representatives Initial percentage of members of the House of Representatives from each party by state at the opening of the 109th Congress in January 2005 The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers. (5-2 Republican) (1 Republican) (6-2 Republican) (3-1 Democratic) (33-20 Democratic) (4-3 Republican) (3-2 Republican) (1 Republican) (18-7 Republican) (7-6 Republican) (2 Democrats) (2 Republicans) (10-9 Democratic) (7-2 Republican) (4-1 Republican) (3-1 Republican) (5-1 Republican) (5-2 Republican) (2 Democrats) (6-2 Democratic) (10 Democrats) (9-6 Republican) (4-4 Split) (2-2 Split) (5-4 Republican) (1 Republican) (3 Republicans) (2-1 Republican) (2 Republicans) (7-6 Democratic) (2-1 Republican) (20-9 Democratic) (7-6 Republican) (1 Democrat) (12-6 Republican) (4-1 Republican) (4-1 Democratic) (12-7 Republican) (2 Democrats) (4-2 Republican) (1 Democrat) (5-4 Democratic) (21-11 Republican) (2-1 Republican) (1 Independent, caucusing with Democrats) (8-3 Republican) (6-3 Democratic) (2-1 Democratic) (4-4 Split) (1 Republican) Non-voting members Changes in membership Members who came and left during this Congress. Senate |- | New Jersey (1) | | Jon Corzine (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Corzine resigned to become Governor of New Jersey on January 17, 2006. | | Bob Menendez (D) | Appointed January 18, 2006 |- | Connecticut (1) | | Joseph Lieberman (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Change of party affiliation | | Joseph Lieberman (ID) | August 9, 2006 |} House of Representatives |- | | None | style="font-size:80%" | Representative Bob Matsui (D) died January 1, 2005 before the end of the previous Congress. A special election was held March 8, 2005 | | Doris Matsui (D) | March 10, 2005 |- | | | Rob Portman (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned April 29, 2005 to become the United States Trade Representative. A special election was held August 2, 2005 | | Jean Schmidt (R) | September 6, 2005[9] |- | | | Christopher Cox (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 2, 2005 to become chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. A special election was held December 6, 2005 | | John Campbell (R) | December 7, 2005[10] |- | | | Duke Cunningham (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 1, 2005 after pleading guilty to conspiracy for bribes and tax evasion. A special election was held June 6, 2006 | | Brian Bilbray (R) | June 13, 2006[11] |- | | | Bob Menendez (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 16, 2006 to become a U.S. Senator. A special election was held November 7, 2006 | | Albio Sires (D) | November 13, 2006[12] |- | | | Tom DeLay (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 9, 2006 after a series of criminal indictments. A special election was held November 6, 2006 | | Shelley Sekula-Gibbs (R) | November 13, 2006[13] |- | | | Mark Foley (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 29, 2006 after a teen sex scandal. | colspan=2 | Remained vacant until the next Congress.[14] |- | | | Bob Ney (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 3, 2006 after pleading guilty to conspiracy. | colspan=2 | Remained vacant until the next Congress. |- | | | Jim Gibbons (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 31, 2006 to become Governor of Nevada. | colspan=2 | Remained vacant until the next Congress. |} Employees Senate House of Representatives - See also: Rules of the House, Rule 2: "Other officers and officials"
See also Elections References External links de:109. Kongress der Vereinigten Staaten es:109. Congreso de los Estados Unidos it:109 Congresso degli Stati Uniti pt:109 Congresso dos Estados Unidos
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