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The Twelfth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1811 to March 3, 1813, during the third and fourth years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Second Census of the United States in 1800. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.
Major events Major legislation States admitted and territories organized Party summary The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section. Senate During this congress, two new Senate seats were added for the new state of Louisiana. House of Representatives During this congress, one new House seat was added for the new state of Louisiana. Leadership Senate House of Representatives Members This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district. Senate Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election.. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1814; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1816; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1812 House of Representatives The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers. All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. The 5th district was a plural district with two representatives. All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. There were two plural districts, the 2nd & 6th each had two representatives. There were four plural districts, the 1st, 2nd, & 3rd had three representatives each, the 4th had two representatives. Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. Non-voting members Changes in membership The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress. Senate - replacements: 1
- deaths: 0
- resignations: 4
- interim appointments: 1
- seats of newly admitted states: 2
- vacancies:1
- Total seats with changes: 6
|- | Massachusetts
(2) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Vacancy in term | | Joseph B. Varnum (DR) | Seated June 29, 1811 |- | Rhode Island
(1) | | Christopher G. Champlin (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 2, 1811 | | William Hunter (F) | Seated October 28, 1811 |- | Tennessee
(2) | | Jenkin Whiteside (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 8, 1811 | | George W. Campbell (DR) | Appointed October 8, 1811 |- | Louisiana
(3) | New seat | rowspan=2 style="font-size:80%" | Louisiana was admitted to the Union on April 30, 1812. Seats remained vacant until September 3, 1812. | | Allan B. Magruder (DR) | rowspan=2 | Installed September 3, 1812 |- | rowspan=3 | Louisiana
(2) | New seat | | Jean Noel Destr han (DR) |- | | Jean N. Destr han (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 1, 1812 without having qualified | | Thomas Posey (DR) | Appointed October 8, 1812 |- | | Thomas Posey (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor chosen February 4, 1813 | | James Brown (DR) | Seated February 5, 1813 |} House of Representatives - replacements: 3
- deaths: 2
- resignations: 5
- contested election: 1
- seats of newly admitted states: 1
- vacancies: 1
- Total seats with changes: 10
|- | | | John Montgomery (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned April 29, 1811 to become Attorney General of Maryland | | Stevenson Archer (DR) | Seated October 26, 1811 |- | | | Joseph B. Varnum (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 29, 1811 to become U.S. Senator | | William M. Richardson (DR) | Seated November 4, 1811 |- | | | John Hungerford (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election November 29, 1811 | | John Taliaferro (DR) | Seated November 29, 1811 |- | | | Barzillai Gannett (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned sometime in 1812 before April 6 () | | Francis Carr (DR) | Seated April 6, 1812 |- | | | Thomas Blount (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Died February 7, 1812 | | William Kennedy (DR) | Seated January 30, 1813 |- | | colspan=2 rowspan=2 style="font-size:80%" | Julien de Lallande Poydras had resigned in the previous Congress, and the seat remained vacant until the territory became the state of Louisiana on April 30, 1812 | rowspan=2 | Thomas B. Robertson (DR) | rowspan=2 | Seated April 30, 1812 |- | |- | | | Robert Le Roy Livingston (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 6, 1812 | | Thomas P. Grosvenor (F) | Seated January 29, 1813 |- | | | Howell Cobb (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned sometime before October 1812 () | | William Barnett (DR) | Seated October 5, 1812 |- | | colspan=2 style="font-size:80%" | Territory delegate seat established | Edward Hempstead | Seated November 9, 1812 |- | | colspan=2 style="font-size:80%" | Territory delegate seat established | Shadrach Bond | Seated December 3, 1812 |- | | | John Smilie (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 30, 1812 | Vacant | Not filled until next Congress |} Employees Senate House of Representatives References External links
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