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1689

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1689

March 2: Heidelberg Castle is burned. Year 1689 (MDCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

January 11 – Glorious Revolution: The Parliament of England declares King James II of England deposed.
February 13 – William III and Mary II are proclaimed co-rulers of England, Scotland and Ireland.
March – With French support, the former King James lands in Ireland, where there is a Catholic majority, hoping to use it as the base for a counter-coup. However, many Irish Catholics see him as an agent of Louis XIV of France and refuse to support him.
March 2 – Nine Years' War: As French forces leave, they set fire to Heidelberg Castle and the nearby town of Heidelberg.
April 11 – William III and Mary II are crowned as King and Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland. Ireland does not recognise them yet, while the Estates of Scotland declare King James VII of Scotland deposed.
April 18 – Boston Revolt: Unpopular Dominion of New England governor Sir Edmund Andros and other officials are overthrown by a "mob" of Bostonians. Andros, an appointee of James II, was disliked for his support of the Church of England and revocation of various colonial charters.
May 12 – Nine Years' War: with both now ruled by William III, England and the Netherlands join the League of Augsburg, thus escalating the conflict.
May 24 – The Bill of Rights 1689 establishes constitutional monarchy in England but with Roman Catholics barred from the throne. Parliament also passes the Act of Toleration protecting Protestants with Roman Catholics intentionally excluded. This effectively concludes the Glorious Revolution.
May 25 – The last Hearth Tax is collected in England and Wales. It is abolished by William III of England.
May 31 – Leisler's Rebellion – Calvinist Jacob Leisler deposes lieutenant governor Francis Nicholson and assumes control of the Province of New York.

July–December

July 25 – Abolition of Council of Wales and the Marches.
July 27 – Battle of Killiecrankie, near Pitlochry in Perthshire, is won by the Highland supporters of King James but their leader Viscount Dundee is killed and the Scottish rebellion fades away.
August 2 – Boston Revolt: Sir Edmund Andros, former governor of the Dominion of New England, escapes from Boston to Connecticut, but is recaptured.
August 5 – A force of 1,500 Iroquois attacks the village of Lachine, in New France.
August 12 – Death of Innocent XI (Benedetto Odescalchi; 1611 1689), Pope since 1676. A man of integrity who has been described as the greatest Pope of the 17th century, he played a major part in founding both the League of Augsburg, against Louis XIV; and the Holy League, against the Ottoman Empire.
August 21 – Battle of Dunkeld: English Orange Royalists defeat the Jacobite Royalists in Scotland.
August 27 – China and Russia sign the Treaty of Nerchinsk.
October 6 – Pope Alexander VIII succeeds Innocent XI as the 241st pope.
November 22 – The Tsar decrees the construction of the Great Siberian Road to China.
December 16 – The English Bill of Rights is officially declared in force.

Date unknown

Beginning of King William's War (1689 1697) which is the first of four North American Wars until 1763 between English and French colonists, both sides allied to Native American tribes. The nature of the fighting is a series of raids on each other's settlements across the Canadian and New England borders. The English capture Port Royal in Nova Scotia but otherwise there are no real territorial gains: each side would attack, destroy and withdraw.
The British East India Company expands its influence with the establishment of administrative districts called presidencies in the Indian provinces of Bengal, Madras and Bombay, the effective beginning of the company's long rule in India.
Supporters of William of Orange seize Liverpool Castle.
In Russia, Peter the Great seizes power from his half-sister Sophia.
Valvasor's The Glory of the Duchy of Carniola is printed in Nuremberg.