Year 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar.

Events

July 24: Machu Picchu is rediscovered.

January

• January 18 – Eugene B. Ely lands on the deck of the USS Pennsylvania stationed in San Francisco harbor, marking the first time an aircraft lands on a ship.
• January 21 – The first Monte Carlo races (Rallye Automobile Monte Carlo) are held.

February

• February 18 – The first official air mail flight takes place from Allahabad, India to Naini, India, when Henri Pequet carries 6,500 letters a distance of 13 km.

March

• March 19 – International Women's Day is celebrated for the first time.^[1]
• March 25 – A fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in New York City kills 146.

April

• April 8 – Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovers Superconductivity^[2]
• April 13 – Mexican Revolution: Rebels take Agua Prieta on the Sonora–Arizona border; government troops take the town back April 17 when the rebel leader "Red" L pez is drunk.
• April 19 – Mexican Revolution: Francisco I. Madero's troops besiege Ciudad Ju rez but General Juan J. Navarro refuses his surrender demand.

May

• May 8 – Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa launches an attack against government troops in Ciudad Juarez without Madero's permission; the government troops surrender on May 10.
• May 17 – Mexican Revolution: Porfirio Diaz is convinced to resign but does not do so yet.
• May 21 – Mexican Revolution: A peace treaty is signed between Madero' rebels and government troops in Ciudad Juarez.
• May 24 – Mexican Revolution: Government troops fire at anti-Diaz demonstrators in Mexico City, killing about 200 (officials claim only 40).
• May 25 – Mexican Revolution: Porfirio Diaz signs his resignation and leaves for Veracruz; on May 31 he leaves for exile in France.
• May 31 – The hull of the RMS Titanic is launched.

June

• June 7 – Mexican Revolution: Francisco Madero arrives in Mexico City just after a local earthquake.

July

• July 1 – The presence of the German warship Panther in the Moroccan port of Agadir triggers the Agadir Crisis.
• July 24 – Hiram Bingham rediscovers Machu Picchu in Peru.

August

• August 22 – The theft of the Mona Lisa is discovered in the Louvre.

September

• September 25 – The French Navy ship Libert explodes at anchor in Toulon, France killing around 300 on both ship and the neighbouring area.
• September 29 – Italy declares war on Ottoman Empire.
• September 30 – The Austin Dam breaks, wiping out the town of Austin, Pennsylvania, United States, killing 78.

October

• October 10 – The Wuchang Uprising starts the Xinhai Revolution that leads to the founding of the Republic of China.
• October 16 – Mexican Revolution: Felix Diaz, nephew of Porfirio Diaz, occupies the port of Veracruz as a sign of rebellion against Madero.

November

• November 1 – World's first combat aerial bombing mission takes place in Libya during the Italo-Turkish War. Second Lieutenant Giulio Gavotti of Italy drops several small bombs.
• November 5 – Italy annexes Tripoli and Cyrenaica (this act is confirmed by an act of the Italian Parliament on February 25, 1912).

December

• December – Delhi Durbar held to mark the coronation of King George V of the United Kingdom and Queen Mary as Emperor and Empress of India and the transfer of the capital of the British Raj from Calcutta to Delhi.
• December 14 – Roald Amundsen's expedition reaches the South Pole.
• December 18 – Opening of first exhibition by Der Blaue Reiter group of painters, in Munich.
• December 29 – Sun Yat-sen is elected the Provisional President of the Republic of China.

Date unknown

• The Encyclop dia Britannica Eleventh Edition is published under American management in England by Cambridge University Press.
• New Zealand-born British physicist Ernest Rutherford deduces the existence of a compact atomic nucleus from scattering experiments.

Births

January–February

• January 1
  • Roman Totenberg, Polish-American violinist (d. 2012)
  • Hank Greenberg, American baseball player (d. 1986)
• January 3 – John Sturges, American film director (d. 1982)
• January 5 – Jean-Pierre Aumont, French actor (d. 2001)
• January 7 – Butterfly McQueen, American actress (d. 1995)
• January 11 – Zenko Suzuki, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2004)
• January 13 – Joh Bjelke-Petersen, Premier of Queensland (d. 2005)
• January 17
  • John S. McCain, Jr., American admiral (d. 1981)
  • George Joseph Stigler, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
• January 18 – Jos Mar a Arguedas, Peruvian novelist, poet, and anthropologist (d. 1969)
• January 19
  • Ken Nelson, American record producer and music executive (d. 2008)
  • Choor Singh, Singaporean judge (d. 2009)
• January 20 – Wendell J. Westcott, American carillonneur (d. 2010)
• January 22
  • Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria (d. 1990)
  • Mary Hayley Bell, English dramatist (d. 2005)
• January 24 – C. L. Moore, American writer (d. 1987)
• January 25 – Kurt Maetzig, German director
• January 26 – Polykarp Kusch, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993)
• January 28 – Johan van Hulst, Dutch politician
• January 29 – Peter von Siemens, German industrialist (d. 1986)
• January 30 – Roy Eldridge, American jazz musician (d. 1989)
• January 31 – Eddie Byrne, Irish actor (d. 1981)
• February 5 – Jussi Bj rling, Swedish tenor (d. 1960)
• February 6 – Ronald Reagan, 40th President of the United States (d. 2004)
• February 8 – Elizabeth Bishop, American poet (d. 1979)
• February 11 – Cearbhall D laigh (Carroll Daly), fifth president of Ireland (d. 1978)
• February 12 – Stephen H. Sholes, American recording executive (d. 1968)
• February 13 – Jean Muir, American actress (d. 1996)
• February 14
  • Willem Johan Kolff, Dutch inventor(d. 2009)
  • Eduardo Serrano, Venezuelan musician and composer (d. 2008)
• February 17
  • Oskar Seidlin, Silesian-born Jewish-American literary scholar (d. 1984)
  • Orrin Tucker, American bandleader and composer (d. 2011)
• February 19 – Merle Oberon, British actress (d. 1979)
• February 28 – Otakar V vra, Czech director (d. 2011)

March–April

• March 3 – Jean Harlow, American actress (d. 1937)
• March 6 – Nikolai Baibakov, Soviet statesman (d. 2008)
• March 8 – Alan Hovhaness, American composer (d. 2000)
• March 9 – Ebby Halliday, American realtor
• March 12 – Gustavo D az Ordaz, Mexican president (d. 1979)
• March 13
  • L. Ron Hubbard, American science fiction author and founder of Scientology (d. 1986)
  • Marie Rudisill, American author (d. 2006)
• March 15 – Ursula Vaughan Williams, British author (d. 2007)
• March 16
  • Pierre Harmel, Belgian Prime Minister (d. 2009)
  • Josef Mengele, German Nazi war criminal (d. 1979)
• March 18 – Al Benton, American baseball player (d. 1968)
• March 20 – Alfonso Garc a Robles, Mexican diplomat and politician, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (d. 1991)
• March 24
  • Joseph Barbera, American cartoonist (d. 2006)
  • Jane Drew, English architect (d. 1996)
• March 25 – Jack Ruby, American mobster, killer of Lee Harvey Oswald (d. 1967)
• March 26
  • Bernard Katz, German-born biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2003)
  • Tennessee Williams, American playwright (d. 1983)
• March 27 – Erich Heller, British philosopher (d. 1990)
• March 29 – Brigitte Horney, German-born actress (d. 1988)
• March 31
  • Elisabeth Gr mmer, Alsatian soprano (d. 1986)
  • Freddie Green, jazz guitarist (d. 1987)
• April 3 – Michael Woodruff, British/Australian surgeon (d. 2001)
• April 6 – Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen, German biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
• April 8
  • Melvin Calvin, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)
  • Emil Cioran, Romanian philosopher and essayist (d. 1995)
  • Ichiro Fujiyama, Japanese composer and singer (d. 1993)
• April 11 – Stanislawa Walasiewicz, Polish-born athlete (d. 1980)
• April 13 – William J. Tuttle, American makeup artist (d. 2007)
• April 15 – Muhammad Metwally Al Shaarawy, Egyptian jurist (d. 1998)
• April 17 – Lester Rodney, American journalist (d. 2009)
• April 18
  • Maurice Goldhaber, Austrian-American physicist (d. 2011)
  • Huntington Hartford, American businessman (d. 2008)
• April 23 – Ronald Neame, British film cinematographer, producer, screenwriter and director (d. 2010)
• April 26 – Marianne Hoppe, German actress (d. 2002)

May–June

• May 1 – Anthony Salerno, American gangster (d. 1992)
• May 5 – Andor Lilienthal, Hungarian Chess Grandmaster (d. 2010)
• May 6 – Frank Nelson, American actor (d. 1986)
• May 7 – Ishir Honda, Japanese film director (d. 1993)
• May 8 – Robert Johnson, American guitarist and singer (d. 1938)
• May 10 – Bel Kaufman, German-born American author
• May 11
  • Phil Silvers, American actor and comedian (d. 1985)
  • Doodles Weaver, American actor and comedian (d. 1983)
• May 14 – Ne Win, President of Burma (d. 2002)
• May 15 – Max Frisch, Swiss author (d. 1991)
• May 17
  • Lisa Fonssagrives, Swedish model (d. 1992)
  • Maureen O'Sullivan, Irish actress (d. 1998)
• May 18 – Big Joe Turner, American singer (d. 1985)
• May 20
  • Gardner Fox, American writer (d. 1986)
  • Milt Gabler, American record producer (d. 2001)
• May 22 – Anatol Rapoport, Russian-born American mathematical psychologist (d. 2007)
• May 24 Carleen Hutchins, American violin maker (d. 2009)
• May 26 – Ben Alexander, American actor (d. 1969)
• May 27
  • Hubert H. Humphrey, American Vice President and Senator (d. 1978)
  • Teddy Kollek, Austrian-born mayor of Jerusalem (d. 2007)
  • Vincent Price, American actor (d. 1993)
• May 28 – Fritz Hochw lder, Austrian author (d. 1986)
• May 31 – Maurice Allais, French economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
• June 3 – Ellen Corby, American actress (d. 1999)
• June 11 – George Webb, British actor (d. 1998)
• June 12 – Milovan ilas, Yugoslavian Marxist (d. 1995)
• June 13
  • Prince Aly Khan, Imam of Ismaili Shi'a Islam (d. 1960)
  • Luis Alvarez, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1988)
• June 15 – W.V. Awdry, English children's writer (d. 1997)
• June 20 – Paul Pietsch, German racer and magazine magnate
• June 21 – Wonderful Smith, African-American comedian (d. 2008)
• June 24
  • Ernesto Sabato, Argentine writer (d. 2011)
  • Juan Manuel Fangio, Argentine race car driver (d. 1995)
• June 25 – William Howard Stein, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1980)
• June 26 – Babe Didrikson Zaharias, American athlete and golfer (d. 1956)
• June 29
  • Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands (d. 2004)
  • Bernard Herrmann, American composer (d. 1975)
• June 30 – Czes aw Mi osz, Polish-born writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)

July–August

• July 1 – Sergei Sokolov, Marshal of the Soviet Union
• July 4
  • Mitch Miller, American singer and television personality (d. 2010)
  • Frederick Seitz, American scientist (d. 2008)
• July 5 – Georges Pompidou, President of France (d. 1974)
• July 6 – LaVerne Andrews, American singer (d. 1967)
• July 7 – Gian-Carlo Menotti, Italian-born American composer (d. 2007)
• July 9
  • John Archibald Wheeler, American physicist (d. 2008)
  • Mervyn Peake, British writer and illustrator (d. 1968)
• July 16
  • Ginger Rogers, American actress (d. 1995)
  • Jerry Burke, American musician (d. 1965)
• July 17 – Ted Anderson, English footballer (d. 1979)
• July 18 – Hume Cronyn, Canadian actor (d. 2003)
• July 21 – Marshall McLuhan, Canadian author (d. 1980)
• July 28 – Ann Doran, American actress (d. 2000)
• July 29 – J n Cikker, Slovak composer (d. 1989)
• July 31 – George Liberace, American musician (d. 1983)
• August 2 – Rusty Wescoatt, American actor (d. 1987)
• August 3 – Manuel Esper n, Mexican musician and composer (d. 2011)
• August 5 – Robert Taylor, American actor (d. 1969)
• August 6
  • Lucille Ball, American actress (d. 1989)
  • Constance Fecher Heaven, British romance writer (d. 1995)
• August 7 – Nicholas Ray, American director (d. 1979)
• August 8 – Rosetta LeNoire, American actress (d. 2002)
• August 9 – William Alfred Fowler, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
• August 10 – A. N. Sherwin-White, English historian (d. 1993)
• August 11 – William H. Avery, American politician (d. 2009)
• August 12 – Cantinflas, Mexican actor (d. 1993)
• August 17
  • Mikhail Botvinnik, Russian chess player (d. 1995)
  • Martin Sandberger, German military officer (d. 2010)
• August 18 – Amelia Boynton Robinson, American civil rights activist
• August 23
  • Betty Robinson, American athlete (d. 1999)
  • Birger Ruud, Norwegian athlete (d. 1998)
• August 27 – Kay Walsh, British actress (d. 2005)

September–October

• September 2 – Floyd Council, American musician (d. 1976)
• September 6 – Harry Danning, American baseball player (d. 2004)
• September 7 – Todor Zhivkov, President of Bulgaira (d. 1998)
• September 9 – John Gorton, nineteenth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 2002)
• September 13 – Bill Monroe, American musician (d. 1996)
• September 15 – Joseph Pevney, American director (d. 2008)
• September 19 – William Golding, English writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993)
• September 20 – Shriram Sharma Acharya, Indian religious leader (d. 1990)
• September 23 – Frank Moss, American politician (d. 2003)
• September 24
  • Konstantin Chernenko, President of the Soviet Union (d. 1985)
  • Ed Kretz, American motorcycle racer (d. 1996)
• September 27 – John Harvey, American actor (d. 1982)
• September 29 – Charles Court, Australian politician (d. 2007)
• October 5
  • Flann O'Brien, Irish humorist (d. 1966)
  • Pierre Dansereau, Canadian ecologist (d. 2011)
• October 9 – Joe Rosenthal, American photographer (d. 2006)
• October 10 – Clare Hollingworth, British journalist
• October 13 – Ashok Kumar, Indian actor (d. 2001)
• October 14 – Le Duc Tho, Vietnamese general and politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1990)
• October 15 – James H. Schmitz, German-born American science fiction writer (d. 1981)
• October 26 – Sid Gillman, American football coach (d. 2003)
• October 27 – Leif Erickson, American actor (d. 1986)
• October 30 – Ruth Hussey, American actress (d. 2005)

November–December

• November 1
  • Sidney Wood, American tennis player (d. 2009)
  • Henri Troyat, French writer (d. 2007)
• November 2 – Odysseas Elytis, Greek writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
• November 5 – Roy Rogers, American singer and actor (d. 1998)
• November 12 – Chad Varah, British priest and humanitarian (d. 2007)
• November 13 – Buck O'Neil, American baseball player and manager (d. 2006)
• November 24 – Erik Bergman, Finnish composer (d. 2006)
• November 25 – Roelof Frankot, Dutch painter (d. 1984)
• November 27
  • David Merrick, American theater producer (d. 2000)
  • Fe del Mundo, Filipino pediatrician (d. 2011)
• November 28 – V clav Ren , Czech poet, dramatist and translator (d. 1973)
• December 3 – Nino Rota, Italian composer (d. 1979)
• December 5 – W adys aw Szpilman, Polish pianist and memoirist (d. 2000)
• December 8 – Lee J. Cobb, American actor (d. 1976)
• December 11
  • Val Guest, British film director (d. 2006)
  • Naguib Mahfouz, Egyptian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2006)
  • Qian Xuesen, Chinese scientist (d. 2009)
• December 13
  • Trygve Haavelmo, Norwegian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
  • Kenneth Patchen, American poet and painter (d. 1972)
• December 18 – Jules Dassin, American director (d. 2008)
• December 20 – Hortense Calisher, American author (d. 2009)
• December 21 – Josh Gibson, African-American baseball player (d. 1947)
• December 23 – Niels Kaj Jerne, English-born immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
• December 25 – Louise Bourgeois, French-born American artist (d. 2010)
• December 26 – Arsenio Lacson, Filipino politician and sportswriter (d. 1962)
• December 27 – Anna Russell, British comedian and singer (d. 2006)
• December 30 – Jeanette Nolan, American actress (d. 1998)

Date unknown

• Yolande Beekman, French-born World War II heroine (d. 1944)
• Jaime Ornelas Camacho, Portuguese politician
• Jorge Negrete, Mexican singer & actor (d. 1953)

Deaths

January–June

• January 17 – Sir Francis Galton, English explorer and biologist (b. 1822)
• February 4 – Piet Cronj , Boer general (b. 1836)
• February 15 – Theodor Escherich, German-Austrian pediatrician (b. 1857)
• February 21 – Isidre Nonell, Catalonian painter (b. 1873)
• March 1 – Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Dutch chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
• April 10 – Mikalojus Konstantinas iurlionis, Lithuanian artist and composer (b. 1875)
• April 25 – Emilio Salgari, Italian writer (b. 1862)
• April 29 – Georg, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe (b. 1846)
• May 18 – Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer (b. 1860)
• May 21 – Williamina Fleming, Scottish astronomer (b. 1857)
• May 27 – Thursday October Christian II, Pitcairn Islands leader (b. 1820)
• May 29 – William S. Gilbert, English dramatist (b. 1836)
• June 2 – Axel Olof Freudenthal, philologist and politician (b. 1836)
• June 9 – Carrie Nation, American temperance activist (b. 1846)
• June 25 – Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy (b. 1843)

July–December

• July 2 – Clement A. Evans, Confederate general (b. 1833)
• July 15 – Louisa Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (b. 1832)
• July 16 – August Haramba i , Croatian writer (b. 1861)
• August 1
  • Edwin Austin Abbey, American painter (b. 1852)
  • Samuel Arza Davenport, American politician (b. 1843)
• August 8 – William P. Frye, U.S. Senator (b. 1830)
• August 12 – Jules Brunet, French military leader (b. 1838)
• September 16 – Edward Whymper, British explorer (b. 1840)
• October 2 – Winfield Scott Schley, American admiral (b. 1839)
• October 7
  • John Hughlings Jackson, English neurologist (b. 1835)
  • Elmer McCurdy, American Outlaw (b. 1880)
• October 14 – John Marshall Harlan, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1833)
• October 19 – Eugene Ely, pioneer aviator (b. 1886)
• October 24 – Ida Lewis, lighthouse keeper (b. 1842)
• October 29 – Joseph Pulitzer, Hungarian-born newspaper publisher and journalist (b. 1847)
• October 31 – John Joseph Montgomery, American glider pioneer (b. 1858)
• November 9 – Howard Pyle, American artist and fictional writer (b. 1853)
• November 22 – William George Aston, British consular official (b. 1841)
• November 23 – Bernard Tancred, South African cricketer (b. 1865)
• November 26 – Komura Jutar , Japanese statesman (b. 1855)
• December 10 – Joseph Dalton Hooker, English botanist (b. 1817)
• December 22 – Odilon Lannelongue, French surgeon (b. 1840)
• December 25 – Arthur F. Griffith, American calculating prodigy (b. 1880)

Nobel Prizes

100px

• Physics – Wilhelm Wien
• Chemistry – Maria Sk odowska-Curie
• Medicine – Allvar Gullstrand
• Literature – Count Maurice (Mooris) Polidore Marie Bernhard Maeterlinck
• Peace – Tobias Michael Carel Asser Alfred Hermann Fried

References

af:1911 am:1911 . . . ar: :1911 an:1911 frp:1911 ast:1911 gn:1911 av:1911 ay:1911 az:1911 bn: zh-min-nan:1911 n map-bms:1911 be:1911 be-x-old:1911 bh: bcl:1911 bg:1911 bs:1911 br:1911 ca:1911 cv:1911 cs:1911 co:1911 cy:1911 da:1911 de:1911 et:1911 el:1911 myv:1911 es:1911 eo:1911 eu:1911 fa: ( ) hif:1911 fo:1911 fr:1911 fy:1911 ga:1911 gv:1911 gag:1911 gd:1911 gl:1911 gan:1911 ko:1911 hy:1911 hi: hsb:1911 hr:1911. io:1911 ilo:1911 bpy: id:1911 ia:1911 os:1911- is:1911 it:1911 he:1911 jv:1911 kn: pam:1911 krc:1911 ka:1911 csb:1911 kk:1911 kw:1911 sw:1911 kv:1911 ht:1911 (almanak gregoryen) ku:1911 la:1911 lv:1911. gads lb:1911 lt:1911 m. lij:1911 li:1911 jbo:1911moi lmo:1911 hu:1911 mk:1911 ml:1911 mi:1911 mr: . . arz:1911 ms:1911 mn:1911 nah:1911 nl:1911 ne: new: ja:1911 nap:1911 frr:1911 no:1911 nn:1911 nrm:1911 nov:1911 oc:1911 mhr:1911 uz:1911 pa: pi: pnb:1911 tpi:1911 nds:1911 pl:1911 pt:1911 ty:1911 ksh:Joohr 1911 ro:1911 qu:1911 rue:1911 ru:1911 sah:1911 se:1911 sq:1911 scn:1911 simple:1911 sk:1911 sl:1911 so:1911 ckb: srn:1911 sr:1911 sh:1911 su:1911 fi:1911 sv:1911 tl:1911 ta:1911 tt:1911 te:1911 tet:1911 th: . . 2454 tg:1911 tr:1911 tk:1911 udm:1911 uk:1911 ur:1911 vec:1911 vi:1911 vo:1911 fiu-vro:1911 wa:1911 vls:1911 war:1911 yi:1911 yo:1911 zh-yue:1911 diq:1911 bat-smg:1911 zh:1911