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Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar. Events January January 1: Iolaire sinks. David Kirkwood being detained by police during the 1919 Battle of George Square February March April May - May 1
- A large left-wing demonstration in France leads to a violent confrontation with the police.
- Riots break out in Cleveland, Ohio; 2 people are killed, 40 injured, and 116 arrested.
- May 3
- May 4 – The May Fourth Movement opposes foreign colonizers in China.
- May 5 – The League of Red Cross Societies is founded in Paris.
- May 8 - Edward George Honey first proposes the idea of a moment of silence to commemorate The Armistice of World War I, which later results in the creation of Remembrance Day.
- May 9 – In Belgium, a new electoral law introduces universal manhood suffrage and gives the franchise to certain classes of women.
- May 15 – Winnipeg workers launch a general strike for better wages and working conditions.
- May 16
- May 17 – The Committee of One Thousand forms to oppose the Winnipeg General Strike.
- May 19 – Mustafa Kemal Atat rk lands at Samsun on the Anatolian Black Sea coast, marking the start of the Turkish War of Independence. The anniversary of this event is also an official day of Turkish Youth.
- May 23 – The University of California opens its second campus in Los Angeles. Initially called Southern Branch of the University of California (SBUC), it is eventually renamed the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).
- May 25 – Volcano Kelut erupts in Java, killing about 20,000.
- May 29
- May 30 – By agreement with the United Kingdom, later confirmed by the League of Nations, Belgium is given the mandate over part of German East Africa (Ruanda-Urundi).
June July August Romanian troops entering Budapest September October November December Date unknown - John Maynard Keynes' book The Economic Consequences of the Peace is published in the UK.
- Earl W. Bascom, rodeo cowboy and artist, along with his father John W. Bascom at Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, designs and makes rodeo's first reverse-opening side-delivery bucking chute, now the world standard.
- Les Champs Magnetiques, the first automatic book, is written by Andr Breton and Philippe Soupault.
- XWA (now CINW), in Montreal, Quebec, becomes the first public radio station in North America to go on the air.
- Various strikes occur in the United States: Strike of US railroad workers; The Longshoreman's strike; The Great Steel Strike; and a general strike in Seattle, Washington.
- Female suffrage is enacted in Germany and Luxembourg.
- The International Astronomical Union is founded in France.
- The World League Against Alcoholism is established by the Anti-Saloon League.
- The fictional character Ham Gravy debuts in Thimble Theatre Comics.
- US President Woodrow Wilson promises eventual independence for Philippines, though subsequent Republican administrations see it as a distant goal.
- John Moses Browning finalizes the design for the M1919 .30 (30-06) caliber medium machine gun, the first widely distributed and practical air cooled medium machine gun introduced to the US Military. It receives an official designation and production is started in the same year, a very uncommon happening. It is later reconfigured to shoot the .50 BMG (Browning Machine Gun) cartridge and is redesignated the M2 Browning .50 caliber heavy machine gun, which is still in use to this day after almost one hundred years of service, with no signs of being de-commissioned in even the far future.
- Severe inflation in Germany has seen the Papiermark rise to 47 marks next to a American dollar by December, compared to 12 marks in April.[4]
Births January–February - January 1 – J. D. Salinger, American novelist (The Catcher in the Rye) (d. 2010)
- January 5 – Hector Abhayavardhana, Sri Lankan political theorist
- January 10 – Amzie Strickland, American actress (d. 2006)
- January 13 – Robert Stack, American actor (The Untouchables) (d. 2003)
- January 14
- January 15 – George Cadle Price, first Prime Minister of Belize
- January 23
- January 24 – Leon Kirchner, American composer (d. 2009)
- January 25
- January 26 – Valentino Mazzola, Italian footballer (d. 1949)
- January 27 – Ross Bagdasarian, American musician and actor (Alvin and the Chipmunks) (d. 1972)
- January 30 – John C. Elliott, American politician and 39th Governor of American Samoa (d. 2001)
- January 31 – Jackie Robinson, African-American baseball player (d. 1972)
- February 5
- February 9 – Langdon Brown Gilkey, American Protestant ecumenical theologian (d. 2004)
- February 11
- February 12
- February 13 – Tennessee Ernie Ford, American musician (d. 1991)
- February 16 – Charlie Parlato, American musician (d. 2007)
- February 18 – Jack Palance, American actor (d. 2006)
- February 20
- February 24 – rp d Bogsch, Hungarian international civil servant (d. 2004)
- February 26
March–April - March 2 – Jennifer Jones, American actress (d. 2009)
- March 4 – Buck Baker, American racecar driver (d. 2002)
- March 7 – M. N. Nambiar, Indian film actor (d. 2008)
- March 14 – Max Shulman, American comedic writer (d. 1988)
- March 15 – Lawrence Tierney, American actor (d. 2002)
- March 17 – Nat King Cole, African-American singer (Unforgettable) (d. 1965)
- March 20 – Gerhard Barkhorn, German World War II fighter ace (d. 1983)
- March 24
- March 29 – Eileen Heckart, American actress (d. 2001)
- March 30 – McGeorge Bundy, U.S. National Security Advisor (d. 1996)
- April 1 – Joseph Murray, American surgeon, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- April 8 – Ian Smith, Prime Minister of Rhodesia (d. 2007)
- April 13
- April 16 – Merce Cunningham, American dancer and choreographer (d. 2009)
- April 20 – Richard Hillary, British pilot and author (d. 1943)
- April 22 – Donald J. Cram, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2001)
- April 24 – Glafkos Klerides, Cypriot president (1993 2003)
May–June - May 1
- May 3
- May 4 – Dory Funk, American professional wrestler (d. 1973)
- May 7
- May 8 – Lex Barker, American actor (d. 1973)
- May 14 – Denis Cannan, British dramatist, playwright and scriptwriter
- May 16 – Liberace, American pianist (d. 1987)
- May 17
- May 18 – Margot Fonteyn, English ballet dancer (d. 1991)
- May 20 – George Gobel, American comedian (d. 1991)
- May 23
- June 4 – Robert Merrill, American baritone (d. 2004)
- June 11 – Richard Todd, Irish born British actor (d. 2009)
- June 12 – Ahmed Abdallah, former President of the Comoros (d. 1989)
- June 14 – Gene Barry, American actor (d. 2009)
- June 19 – Pauline Kael, American film critic (d. 2001)
- June 21 – G rard Pelletier, Canadian journalist, politician, and diplomat (d. 1997)
- June 26 – Richard Neustadt, American political historian (d. 2003)
- June 30 – Ed Yost, American inventor (d. 2007)
July–August - July 6 – Ernst Haefliger, Swiss tenor (d. 2007)
- July 7 – Jon Pertwee, British actor (d. 1996)
- July 8 – Walter Scheel, President of Germany
- July 13 – Grisha Filipov, leading member of the Bulgarian communist party (d. 1994)
- July 15 – Iris Murdoch, Irish novelist (d. 1999)
- July 19
- July 20 – Sir Edmund Hillary, New Zealand mountaineer, conqueror of Mount Everest (d. 2008)
- July 31 – Maurice Boitel, French painter (d. 2007)
- August 2 – Nehemiah Persoff, Israeli-American character actor
- August 8 – Dino De Laurentiis, Italian film producer (d. 2010)
- August 9 – Joop den Uyl, Dutch politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1973 until 1977 (d. 1987)
- August 11 – Ginette Neveu, French violinist (d. 1949)
- August 13 –
- August 14 – Isaac C. Kidd, Jr., American admiral (d. 1999)
- August 15 – Benedict Kiely, Irish author and broadcaster (d. 2007)
- August 18 – Walter Joseph Hickel, 2nd and 8th Governor of Alaska (d. 2010)
- August 21 – Dalmiro Finol, Venezuelan baseball player (d. 1994)
- August 25 – George Wallace, Governor of Alabama (d. 1998)
- August 28 – Godfrey Hounsfield, English electrical engineer and inventor, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2004)
- August 30 – Wolfgang Wagner, German opera director (d. 2010)
- August 31 – Amrita Preetam, Indian poetess and author (d. 2005)
September–October - September 1 – Gladys Davis, Canadian professional baseball player
- September 4 – Howard Morris, American actor (d. 2005)
- September 11 – Ota Sik, Czech economist and politician (d. 2004)
- September 18 – Pal Losonczi, Hungarian politician (d. 2005)
- September 21 – Fazlur Rahman, Pakistani Islamic scholar (d. 1988)
- September 24 – Rick Vallin, Russian-American actor (d. 1977)
- September 26 – Matilde Camus, Spanish poet and researcher
- September 27 – James H. Wilkinson, English mathematician (d. 1986)
- October 3 – James M. Buchanan, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- October 4 – John Sawyer (Nancy Buckingham, Christina Abbey, Erica Quest, Nancy John, Hilary London), British romance novelist (d. 1994)
- October 5 – Donald Pleasence, English actor (d. 1995)
- October 6 – Mohamed Siad Barre, former President of Somalia (d. 1995)
- October 7 – Zelman Cowen, Governor-General of Australia
- October 9 – Jason Wingreen, American actor
- October 11 – Art Blakey, American jazz drummer (d. 1990)
- October 12
- October 16 – Kathleen Winsor, American writer (d. 2003)
- October 17 – Zhao Ziyang, prime minister of the People's Republic of China (d. 2005)
- October 18
- October 22 – Doris Lessing, British writer
- October 23 – Manolis Andronikos, Greek archaeologist (d 1992)
- October 26
November–December - November 3
- November 5 – Myron Floren, American accordionist (The Lawrence Welk Show) (d. 2005)
- November 6 – Christoph Probst, German White Rose resistance member (d. 1943)
- November 10
- November 14 – Lisa Otto, German soprano
- November 15 – Roy Burden, Canadian World War II pilot (d. 2005)
- November 18 – Andr e Borrel, French World War II heroine (d. 1944)
- November 19 – Alan Young, English-born character actor
- November 21 – Gert Fredriksson, Swedish canoer (d. 2006)
- November 26 – Frederik Pohl, American science fiction writer
- November 28 – Keith Miller, Australian sportsman (d. 2004)
- December 4 – I. K. Gujral, Indian politician, Prime Minister of India (1997 98)
- December 6 – Paul de Man, Belgian-born literary critic (d. 1983)
- December 7 – Lis L wert, Danish actress (d. 2009)
- December 8 – Mieczyslaw Weinberg, Polish composer (d. 1996)
- December 9 – William Lipscomb, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
- December 13 – Hans-Joachim Marseille, German World War II fighter ace (d. 1942)
- December 14 – Margie Stewart, American model and actress (d. 2012)
- December 21 – Ove Sprog e, Danish actor (d. 2004)
- December 31 – Tommy Byrne, baseball player (d. 2007)
Deaths January–June - January 4 – Georg von Hertling, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1843)
- January 6
- January 7 – Henry Ware Eliot American industrialist and philanthropist (b. 1843)
- January 15
- January 18 – Prince John of the United Kingdom (b. 1905)
- January 27
- February 2 – Julius Kuperjanov, Estonian military commander (b. 1894)
- February 17 – Wilfrid Laurier, seventh Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1841)
- March 2 – Melchora Aquino, Filipino revolutionary hero (b. 1812)
- April 4
- April 8 – Franklin Winfield Woolworth, American businessman (born 1852)
- April 9 – Sidney Drew, American actor (born 1863)
- April 10 – Emiliano Zapata, Mexican revolutionary (b. 1879)
- April 15 – Jane Delano, American nurse and founder or the American Red Cross Nursing Service (b. 1862)
- April 27 – Anton Irv, Estonian military officer (b. 1886)
- May 3 – Eugen Levine, German revolutionary (b. 1883)
- May 4 – Milan Rastislav tef nik, Slovak general, politician, and astronomer (b. 1880)
- May 6 – L. Frank Baum, American author, poet, playwright, actor and independent filmmaker (The Wizard of Oz) (b. 1856)
- May 14 – Henry John Heinz, American businessman (b. 1844)
- May 21 – Lamar Johnstone, American silent film actor & director (b. 1885)
- June 29 – Jos Gregorio Hern ndez, Venezuelan medician and saint (b. 1864)
- June 30 – John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1842)
July–December - July 15 – Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
- July 18 – Raymonde de Laroche, French aviatrix, the first woman to receive an aviators license (b. 1882)
- July 26 – Edward Poynter, British painter (b. 1836)
- August 1 – Oscar Hammerstein I, Polish-born theater impressario and composer (born 1847)
- August 9 – Ruggiero Leoncavallo, Italian composer (b. 1857)
- August 11 – Andrew Carnegie, Scottish-born businessman and philanthropist (b. 1835)
- August 21 – Laurie Doherty, British tennis champion (born 1875)
- September 22 – Alajos G sp r, Slovene writer in Hungary (born 1848)
- September 27 – Adelina Patti, Italian opera singer (born 1843)
- October 7 – Alfred Deakin, second Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1856)
- October 13 – Karl Adolph Gjellerup, Danish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1857)
- October 18 – Viscount William Astor, American financier and statesman (b. 1848)
- November 9 – Eduard M ller, Swiss Federal Councillor (b. 1848)
- November 15 – Alfred Werner, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1866)
- November 24 – William Stowell, American silent film actor & director (b. 1885)
- December 2
- December 3 – Pierre-Auguste Renoir, French painter (b. 1841)
- December 19 – Martin Savage, IRA commander (b. 1898)
Nobel Prizes 100px References - Margaret MacMillan, Paris 1919: Six Months That Changed the World, 2002, Random House.
- Paula Phelan, 1919 Misfortune's End, 2007, ZAPmedia.
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