This article is about the particular significance of the year 1931 to Wales and its people.

Incumbents

• Prince of Wales - The Prince Edward
• Princess of Wales vacant
• Archbishop of Wales Alfred Edwards, Bishop of St Asaph
• Archdruid of the National Eisteddfod of Wales Pedrog

Events

• 3 March - Bertrand Russell succeeds to his father's earldom.
• 14 April - A meteorite falls in Pontllynfi, near Caernarfon.
• The Welsh School of Medicine is founded at Cardiff, later becoming the University of Wales College of Medicine.
• Nancy Astor addresses a meeting in Cardiff on the subject of recruiting women into the police.

Arts and literature

• Edward Tegla Davies becomes editor of Yr Efrydydd.

Awards

• National Eisteddfod of Wales (held in Bangor)

• National Eisteddfod of Wales: Chair - David James Jones
• National Eisteddfod of Wales: Crown - Albert Evans Jones

New books

• Eliot Crawshay-Williams - Night in the Hotel
• John Jenkins (Gwili) - Hanfod Duw a Pherson Crist
• Moelona - Beryl
• Bertrand Russell - The Scientific Outlook
• Jennie Thomas Llyfr Mawr y Plant (first appearance of Wil Cwac Cwac)

Music

Film

• Ray Milland appears in The Bachelor Father, Strangers May Kiss, Just a Gigolo, Son of India, Bought, Ambassador Bill, and Blonde Crazy.

Broadcasting

• The BBC's Daventry radio transmitter increases its Welsh language output from a monthly to a fortnightly "Welsh interest" programme and includes a regular religious service broadcast entirely in Welsh.

Sport

• Rugby union
• Wales, under the captaincy of Jack Bassett, win the Five Nations Championship.
  • 7 February Wales beat Scotland 13–8 at the Cardiff Arms Park, Cardiff.

Births

• 10 January - Rosalind Howells, Baroness Howells of St Davids, politician
• 2 February - Glynn Edwards, actor
• 20 March - Orig Williams, wrestler and TV presenter
• 22 March - Leslie Thomas, novelist
• 11 April - Lewis Jones, rugby player
• 23 June - Brian Sparks, Wales international rugby union player
• 2 July - Frank Williams, actor
• 13 July - Philip Jones, businessman and civil servant (d. 2000)
• 1 September - Mair Wynn Hughes, children's author
• 25 September - Dafydd Rowlands, Eisteddfod-winning author (d. 2001)
• 5 November - John Morris, Baron Morris of Aberavon, politician
• 27 November - Gareth Griffiths, Wales and British Lions rugby union player
• 27 December - John Charles, footballer (d. 2004)
• date unknown - Christopher Evans, computer scientist (d. 1979)

Deaths

• 22 February - Sir Hugh Vincent, solicitor and Wales international rugby player, 68
• 3 March - Frank Russell, 2nd Earl Russell, 65
• 13 March - Vernon Hartshorn MP, miners' leader and politician
• 13 March - Edward Thomas John, politician
• 14 April - John Bryn Roberts, lawyer and politician, 88
• 19 April - Evan Richards, Wales international rugby player, 69
• 12 May - Beddoe Rees, industrialist and politician
• 22 June - Sir Henry Reichel, academic
• 28 July - John Neale Dalton, chaplain and tutor to the British royal family, settled in South Wales, 91
• 7 October - William John Griffith, author
• 26 October - Edward Perkins Alexander, Wales rugby international, 68
• 2 November - Arthur Cook, miners' leader, 47
• 27 December - Alfred Perceval Graves, Irish author settled in Wales, 85