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Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to recognize an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance while working within the film industry. Since its inception, however, the award has commonly been referred to as the Oscar for Best Supporting Actor. While actors are nominated for this award by Academy members who are actors and actresses themselves, winners are selected by the Academy membership as a whole.
History Throughout the past 76 years AMPAS has presented a total of 76 Best Supporting Actor awards to 69 different actors. Winners of this Academy Award of Merit receive the familiar Oscar statuette, depicting a gold-plated knight holding a crusader's sword and standing on a reel of film. Prior to the 16th Academy Awards ceremony (1943), however, they received a plaque. The first recipient was Walter Brennan, who was honored at the 9th Academy Awards ceremony (1936) for his performance in Come and Get It. The most recent recipient was Christopher Plummer, who was honored at the 84th Academy Awards ceremony (2012) for his performance in Beginners. Until the 8th Academy Awards ceremony (1935), nominations for the Best Actor award were intended to include all actors, whether the performance was in a leading or supporting role. At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony (1936), however, the Best Supporting Actor category was specifically introduced as a distinct award following complaints that the single Best Actor category necessarily favored leading performers with the most screen time. Nonetheless, Lionel Barrymore had received a Best Actor award (A Free Soul, 1931) and Franchot Tone a Best Actor nomination (Mutiny on the Bounty, 1935) for their performances in clear supporting roles. Under the system currently in place, an actor is nominated for a specific performance in a single film, and such nominations are limited to five per year. Currently, Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role, Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role, Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role, and Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role constitute the four Academy Awards of Merit for acting annually presented by AMPAS. Superlatives Walter Brennan, the winner of the inaugural award in 1936, is the only actor to win the award three times (from four nominations). Five actors have won the award twice: Anthony Quinn, Melvyn Douglas, Michael Caine, Peter Ustinov, and Jason Robards. Robards was the only person to win consecutive Best Supporting Actor awards, for All the President's Men (1976) and Julia (1977). Four African-American actors have won the award: Louis Gossett, Jr., Denzel Washington, Cuba Gooding, Jr. and Morgan Freeman. Claude Rains and Arthur Kennedy share the greatest number of unsuccessful nominations, four each. The only other actors with four nominations were Walter Brennan (won three times) and Jack Nicholson (won once). Charles Bickford, Jeff Bridges, Robert Duvall, Ed Harris, and Al Pacino have each had three unsuccessful nominations. Though Bridges, Duvall and Pacino all have won a Oscar for lead actor. Harold Russell was the first (and only) actor to receive two Academy Awards for the same performance when he won the Best Supporting Actor award and was also presented with an Academy Honorary Award for The Best Years of Our Lives (1946). Thanks to a voting quirk, in 1944 Barry Fitzgerald in Going My Way became the only actor nominated in both the Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor categories for the same performance, winning the latter. (Today, Academy bylaws preclude this from happening.) Robert De Niro's 1974 win as the young Vito Corleone in The Godfather Part II is unique as the only Supporting Oscar won for playing a character previously played by a Best Actor winner (Marlon Brando in The Godfather). De Niro and Benicio del Toro (who won for Traffic) are the only winners for foreign-language performances in this category. Kenneth Branagh (My Week with Marilyn in 2011) is the only actor to be nominated for playing a previous Best Supporting Actor nominee: Laurence Olivier (Marathon Man in 1976.) Although five actresses have been nominated for non-speaking supporting roles, John Mills was the only male actor to be so nominated. Mills won Best Supporting Actor for his performance as a mute brain-damaged village idiot in Ryan's Daughter (1970). (This excludes actors who were nominated for Best Actor for silent films in the silent era.) Heath Ledger is the only person to posthumously win an acting Oscar in a supporting role. He won the Best Supporting Actor award for his portrayal of the Joker in The Dark Knight, 2008. He is only the second person to posthumously win any acting Oscar (the other was Peter Finch, who won Best Actor for Network, 1976), and the first to win from a posthumous acting nomination (Finch was alive when his nomination was announced). Ledger was the fourth actor to be nominated for the portrayal of a comic strip/comic book/graphic novel character (the others being Al Pacino in Dick Tracy, Paul Newman in Road to Perdition, and William Hurt in A History of Violence), and the first to win. The earliest nominees in this category who are still alive are Don Murray and Mickey Rooney (1956), and the earliest winner in this category who is still alive is George Chakiris (1961). The earliest year where all 5 Supporting Actor nominations are still alive is the 56th Academy Awards, while the most recent where all 5 have died is at the 37th Academy Awards, As of 2012 the earliest Oscars where all 4 acting winners are alive is the 34th Academy Awards, while the most recent where all 4 have died is the 54th Academy Awards. The earliest Oscars where both lead supporting winning are alive is at the 34th Academy Awards. The most recent where both have died is at the 57th Academy Awards The earliest Oscars where all 20 acting nominations are alive is at the 56th Academy Awards (1983), the most recent all 20 have died is at the 15th Academy Awards (1942). Winners and nominees Following the Academy's practice, the films below are listed by year of their Los Angeles qualifying run, which is usually (but not always) the film's year of release. For example, the Oscar for Best Supporting Actor of 1999 was announced during the award ceremony held in 2000. Winners are listed first in bold, followed by the other nominees. For a list sorted by actor names, please see List of Best Supporting Actor nominees. For a list sorted by film titles, please see List of Best Supporting Actor nominees (films). 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s Multiple wins 2 wins - Michael Caine
- Melvyn Douglas
- Jason Robards
- Anthony Quinn
- Peter Ustinov
3 wins Multiple nominations 2 nominations - Eddie Albert
- Michael Caine
- Lee J. Cobb
- Benicio del Toro
- Willem Dafoe
- Melvyn Douglas
- Charles Durning
- Peter Falk
- Morgan Freeman
- Vincent Gardenia
- John Gielgud
- Hugh Griffith
- Alec Guinness
- Edmund Gwenn
- Djimon Hounsou
- Walter Huston
- Ben Kingsley
- Tommy Lee Jones
- John Lithgow
- John Malkovich
2 nominations (cont.) - Karl Malden
- James Mason
- Burgess Meredith
- Sal Mineo
- Thomas Mitchell
- Edmond O'Brien
- Joe Pesci
- Christopher Plummer
- Anthony Quinn
- Basil Rathbone
- Ralph Richardson
- Mickey Rooney
- Geoffrey Rush
- George C. Scott
- Philip Seymour Hoffman
- Akim Tamiroff
- Christopher Walken
- Jack Warden
- Denzel Washington
- Clifton Webb
3 nominations - Charles Bickford
- Jeff Bridges
- Charles Coburn
- Robert Duvall
- Gene Hackman
- Ed Harris
- Martin Landau
- Al Pacino
- Jack Palance
- Jason Robards
- Peter Ustinov
4 nominations - Walter Brennan
- Arthur Kennedy
- Jack Nicholson
- Claude Rains
International presence As the Academy Awards are based in the United States and are centered on the Hollywood film industry, the majority of Academy Award winners have been Americans. Nonetheless, there is significant international presence at the awards, as evidenced by the following list of winners for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. - Australia: Heath Ledger
- Austria: Joseph Schildkraut, Christoph Waltz
- Cambodia: Haing S. Ngor
- Canada: Christopher Plummer
- Ireland (republic): Barry Fitzgerald
- Mexico: Anthony Quinn
- Puerto Rico: Benicio del Toro
- Spain: Javier Bardem
- United Kingdom: Christian Bale, Jim Broadbent, Michael Caine, Sean Connery, Donald Crisp, John Gielgud, Hugh Griffith, Edmund Gwenn, John Mills, George Sanders, Peter Ustinov
There have been two years in which all four of the top acting Academy Awards were presented to non-Americans. See also References - ↑ Beginning with the 1943 awards, winners in the supporting acting categories were awarded Oscar statuettes similar to those awarded to winners in all other categories, including the leading acting categories. Prior to this, however, winners in the supporting acting categories were awarded plaques.
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