Several people or things bear the name Aeschylus:

• Aeschylus, Athenian playwright of the 5th century BC, best known for the Oresteia trilogy
• Aeschylus of Athens, King of Athens from 778-755 BC
• Aeschylus of Alexandria, epic poet in the 2nd century
• Aeschylus of Cnidus, contemporary of Cicero, and one of the most celebrated rhetoricians in Asia Minor
• Aeschylus of Rhodes, governor of that city after its conquest by Alexander the Great
• 2876 Aeschylus, asteroid named after the playwright